Princess

Note: although Greece is a republic following the abolition of the monarchy, these titles are granted as courtesy in certain countries, particularly Denmark, and so are included in this list.
. Princess is also a popular pet name. See Heat pump and Phase change heat pump. The term was used in this last way to describe a character played by actress Molly Ringwald in the adolescent film The Breakfast Club, and Target stores now carry T-shirts with the word "Princess" for people who want to advertise themselves as demanding of attention or luxury. If you suspect a problem, test the temperatures with a refrigerator or outdoor thermometer. It is from this usage that the relatively new slang term of "princess" connotes a pampered and selfish girl or young person. Temperature settings for refrigerator and freezer compartments are given arbitrary numbers for example (1 through 9, warmest to coldest) by manufacturers, but generally 37 degrees F (3 degrees C) is ideal for the refrigerator compartment and 0 degrees F (-17 degrees C) for the freezer.

Widely used as a term of endearment, "princess" has also devolved in mostly American usage to mean any woman of exceptional popularity, such as the "princesses" of high school prom courts and beauty pagents. It was not until 1931 that Dupont produced commercial quantities of R-12, the first refrigerant which was neither toxic nor flammable. In fact, most princesses in history were not immediate members of a royal family. Today they are used in homes that are not connected to the electric grid, and in recreational vehicles because they can be efficiently powered using a heat source rather than an electric motor. This practice has led over time to many people thinking that "prince" and "princess" are titles reserved for the immediate family of a king or queen. However, these were not very successful, largely because of public prejudice against ammonia as a refrigerant. In many of Europe's royal families, a king would grant his heirs actual or theoretical principalities to train them for future kingship or to give them social rank. A similar design, the Einstein refrigerator, used butane as a refrigerant and ammonia as a pressure-equalizing fluid.

For an example of when "princess" still indicates essential slavery to a prince, see the book Princess, about life amongst the wives of the Saudi royal family. In the early 1920s the industry grew considerably, with some other manufacturers using absorption of ammonia in water instead of liquifying a gas through compression to achieve the phase change. The implication is that if the man held the equivalent masculine title, he would have rank over his wife without the necessary pedigree. Many units are still functional today. The ancient meaning applies in Europe still to the extent that a female commoner who marries a prince will almost always become a princess, but a male commoner who marries a princess will almost never become a prince. This refrigerator used sulfur dioxide refrigerant. In some cases then, a princess is the female hereditary head of state of a province or other significant area in her own right. Over 1,000,000 units were produced.

As women have slowly gained more autonomy through European history, the title of princess has become simply the feminine equivalent of prince and does not necessarily imply being controlled or owned by a prince. The compressor assembly, which produced substantial heat, was placed above the cabinet, and surrounded with a decorative ring. Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or her daughters, women whose station in life depended on their relationship to a prince and who could be disowned and stripped of the title if he so chose. The first refrigerator to see widespread use was the General Electric "Monitor-Top" refrigerator introduced in 1927. Princess is the feminine form of prince (Latin princeps, meaning principal citizen), using the 'ess' ending as in 'waitress' or 'actress'. The earliest units used toxic refrigerants, typically ammonia (R-717), sulfur dioxide (R-764), or methyl chloride (R-40) as their refrigerant. Princess Clara from Drawn Together. The first self-contained refrigerators were not manufactured until 1925.

Mia Thermopolis, princess of Genovia in The Princess Diaries. The first refrigerators were of the "remote" type, essentially an upgrade of an existing ice box with the installation of a cooling unit in it, but the motor, compressor and condenser installed either beside it or in the basement. Princess Fiona from Shrek. Like most of their modern descendants, this refrigerator cooled using a phase change heat pump. Melisande in Edith Nesbit's children's story of the same name. The company was renamed within two months to the Kelvinator Company and produced their first model shortly afterwards. Mermaid Princesses of Mermaid Melody Pichi Pichi Pitch. Gross.

Hana from Magical Doremi. Copeland and an industrialist, Arnold H. Princess Serenity from Sailor Moon. This company was formed in May 1916 as the Electro-Automatic Refrigerating Company by Edmund J. Ayeka and Sasami from Tenchi Muyo!. It was not commercially successful, that distinction apparently going to the Kelvinator Company. Princess Daisy, of the Super Mario universe. in Chicago, and called the DOMELRE (DOMestic ELectric REfrigerator).

Princess Peach, of the Super Mario universe. Wolf Jnr. Princess Zelda, namesake character from the popular Nintendo video game. The first domestic refrigerator was apparently manufactured in 1913 by Fred W. Marle from the video game Chrono Trigger. The car was used to ship strawberries on the Illinois Central Railroad. Garnet Til Alexandros, Final Fantasy IX. In 1866, the first refrigerated railway car to carry fruit was built by Parker Earle of Illinois.

Goneril, Regan, and Cordelia, King Lear's daughters. In 1857, the first refrigerated railway car was introduced by the Chicago meatpacking industry, to prevent spoilage during shipping. Perdita from Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale. He was commissioned by a brewery to build a machine that cooled beer. Ozma, ruler of the land of Oz. In 1856, using the principle of vapour compression, Australian James Harrison produced the world's first practical refrigerator. Eilonwy from the Chronicles of Prydain. As the ice melted it was replaced with ice bought from commercial manufacturers.

Lasaraleen Tarkheena from The Chronicles of Narnia. Although ice houses have been used for thousands of years to provide a source of ice in summer, the first common domestic refrigeration was in the form of ice boxes in the latter years of the 19th Century. Leia Organa of Alderaan. The foods can be transferred from one compartment to the other one following a timer to defrost, warm and cook them (with a week program, if necessary). Cinderella. A microwave/refrigerator combo is a freezer, refrigerator and microwave oven combined into a single, compact, energy-efficient unit. Cagalli Yula Athha from the anime series Mobile Suit Gundam Seed and Mobile Suit Gundam Seed Destiny. Disposal of discarded refrigerators is very often strictly regulated by municipalities, by mandating the removal of doors, as many children playing hide-and-seek have been asphyxiated while hiding inside a discarded refrigerator.

Belle from the Disney film Beauty and the Beast. Modern refrigerators usually use a refrigerant called HFC-134a (1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane) instead of freon, which has no ozone layer depleting properties. Aurora, the Sleeping Beauty. An increasingly important environmental concern is the disposal of old refrigerators - initially because of the freon coolant damaging the ozone layer, but as the older generation of refrigerators disappears it is the destruction of CFC-bearing insulation which causes concern. Snow White. Some newer refrigerators may feature:. Jasmine from the Disney film Aladdin. .

Ariel from the Disney film The Little Mermaid. Typically the freezer volume is 100 litres (this will vary) and the refrigerator 140 litres. Princess Adora of Eternia, better known as She-Ra. The capacity of a refrigerator is measured in litres (or cubic feet). Ororo, better known as Storm of the X-Men. Some refrigerators are now divided into four zones for the storage of different types of food:. Diana of the Amazons, better known as Wonder Woman. The dual compartment was introduced commercially by General Electric in 1939.

Anya Smith- Oscar winning role for Audrey Hepburn in the film Roman Holiday. They may consist of either a cooling compartment only (a larger refrigerator) or a freezing compartment only (a freezer) or contain both. Greece: Marie-Chantal, Maria Olympia, Alexia, Theodora and Irene. An industrial refrigerator is simply a refrigerator used in an industrial setting, usually in a restaurant or supermarket. Uganda: Elizabeth Bagaaya Akiiki of Toro kingdom, who was the nation's first female lawyer, a former top model for couturiers, and a former minister and ambassador in the government of Idi Amin. It works using phase change heat pumps operating in a refrigeration cycle. Sweden: Victoria, Madeleine, Lilian, Margaretha, Birgitta, Désirée and Christina. A domestic refrigerator is present in 99.5% of American homes.

Spain: Letizia, Leonor, Elena, Cristina, Pilar and Margarita. A refrigerator (often shortened to fridge) is an electrical or gas appliance that uses refrigeration to help preserve food. South Africa: Winfred "Dolly" Zulu, a political figure, and Zenani Mandela Dlamini, an heiress of former President Nelson Mandela. This melts any ice which has collected around the coils and prevents it from building up. Norway: Mette-Marit, Ingrid Alexandra, Martha Louise, Ragnhild and Astrid. The cooling is periodically switched off (varies between every 6 to 24 hours depending on model) and the heater turned on until the temperature around the coils slightly exceeds the freezing point of water, after which normal cooling is resumed. Netherlands: Máxima, Catharina-Amalia, Alexia, Laurentien, Mabel, Margriet, Marilene, Annette, Anita and Aimée. In a refrigerator equipped for frost-free operation, a heater and a thermostat are fitted around the cooling coils.

Morocco: Lalla Salma, Lalla Asma, Lalla Hasna, and Lalla Meryem. This can be removed by emptying the refrigerator and turning it off so that the ice melts. Monaco: Antoinette, Caroline, and Stéphanie. Over time atmospheric water vapor condenses onto the cooling coils as ice, which can eventually build up into a layer several centimetres thick. Liechtenstein: Marie Aglaë, Sophie, Marie-Caroline, Angela, Marie, Georgina, Tatjana, Isabelle, Margaretha, Maria-Annunciata, Marie-Astrid and Nora. Frost-free operation. Jordan: Basma bint Talal, an international advocate for children and women, HRH Princess Haya bint Hussein, HRH Princess Sana Asem, HRH Princess Noor bint Asem bin Nayef. The maximum temperature reached during the power failure may be displayed, along with information on whether the frozen food has defrosted or may contain harmful bacteria.

Japan: Masako, Aiko, Kiko, Kako, Mako, Hanako, Yuriko, Nobuko, Akiko, Yohko, Hisako, Tsuguko, Noriko and Ayako. A power failure warning, alerting the user to the failure, usually by flashing the temperature display. Denmark: Mary, Alexandra, Benedikte and Elisabeth. Air from the freezer section is diverted to the refrigerator door, helping to keep milk or juice in the door shelf colder. Burundi: Esther Kamatari, an emigré of 35 years, who is returning to Burundi to campaign as a potential president. A cooling zone in the refrigerator door shelves. British Commonwealth: Anne, Beatrice, Eugenie, Camilla, Sophie, Alexandra, Katharine, Marie-Christine and Birgitte. In-door ice caddies are exclusive to side-by-side refrigerators.

Bulgaria: Princess Kalina Saxe-Coburg-Gotha/Sajonia-Coburgo (only daughter of former Tsar Simeon II of Bulgaria). It is also removable, and helps to prevent icemaker clogging. Belgium: Mathilde, Elisabeth, Astrid, Luisa Maria, Maria Laura, Laetitia Maria, Claire and Louise. An in-door ice caddie, which relocates the icemaker storage to the freezer door and saves approximately 2 cubic feet (60 L) of usable freezer space. Austria. Filter Status Indicator tells you when it's time for a change. Sisi, Elisabeth of Bavaria. An LCD suggesting what types of food should be stored at what temperatures and the expiration date of the food stored.

Emily Ruete) (1844-1924), Princess of Zanzibar and Oman. This style is still common with small half-size refrigerators. Sayyida Salme (a.k.a. One-door models, though still manufactured, are now rare in full size. Marie Thérèse Louise de Savoie-Carignan, princesse de Lamballe, companion to Marie Antoinette, Queen of France. Beginning in the early 1960s manufactuers began offering units with separate freezer compartments, which gradually took over the market. Kaiulani of Hawaii. Originally, most units featured only one door, with the freezer compartment located within the larger refrigerator compartment.

Grace Kelly, wife of Prince Rainier of Monaco. Single door. Diana, Princess of Wales. Made popular by Maytag. Princess Caraboo, actually a British woman of modest means who for a while passed herself off as an exotic island princess. Allows the convenience of a side-by-side, but able to fit wider items in the refrigerator. Similar to side-by-side, but the refrigerator compartment is wider at eye level and becomes narrow at the bottom.

Wide-by-side. The unit is divided into two tall compartments, with the freezer on the left and the refrigerator on the right. Side-by-side. Similar to bottom freezer, but the refrigerator (top) section has two doors that swing outward like a kitchen pantry.

French door (or trio). The freezer is generally bigger and the refrigerator has two independent motor-compressors. Bottom freezer refrigerator (or bottom mount). Eye level freezer refrigerator (or top mount).

Getting the right size refrigerator is very important when choosing integrated. The appliance is built in to your kitchen so that it looks like a normal cupboard. In-Column refrigerators or freezers: these are built into a tall cabinet in your kitchen furniture. Integrated.

Often known as a Bar Fridge it is used in personal bars as a means to cool beverages. Built under: refrigerators and freezers which can be installed under the counter top. A counter depth refrigerator tends to come at a steep price premium despite providing less capacity. This allows the unit to be more flush with surrounding cabinets.

Counter/cabinet depth: a refrigerator can be approximately 30 inches deep as opposed to approximately 35 inches deep like a normal refrigerator. Freestanding. 10°C (50°F) (vegetables). 4°C (40°F) (refrigerator).

0°C (32°F) (meats). -18°C (0°F) (freezer).