National Hockey League

While the league has always had a strong Canadian majority, the percentage of Canadian players has gone down slowly in the past 20 years since the arrival of European players. Others closely associated with the city include:. The league also voluntarily stops its season so that its players can play in the Winter Olympics to have the players represent their own country. For persons born in Venice, see Natives of Venice.. Since the 1990s, the league has tried to promote itself throughout Europe with ads, media, and magazines. In videogames, Venice appeared in Core Design's Tomb Raider 2. NHL is very proud of its players coming from all around the world. Other major works involving Venice include:.

After Gretzky's induction, the NHL declared that he would be the last one to have the waiting period omitted. Cooper's novel depicts Venice as a brutal dictatorship, governed through intrigue and murder, masked by the placid facade of the Repubblica Serenissima (serene republic). In 1999 Wayne Gretzky became the last player to have the three years waived. A bravo is an assassin under contract to the state, typically carrying out his assignments with a stilletto. However, only 10 individual have been honoured in this manner. A remarkable, and unflattering, portrait of Venetian politics appears in The Bravo, published in 1831 by American novelist James Fennimore Cooper. In the past, if a player was deemed significant enough, the pending period would be waived. Life in 1750s Venice is illustrated by the biography A Venetian Affair, which is based on the prolific love letters between a Venetian nobleman and his illegitimate half-English lover.

Three years after retirement, players are eligible to be voted into the Hockey Hall of Fame. They were generally rough. The National Hockey League presents numerous trophies per year; some are given to teams, and other are given to players. Canvases (the now almost universal surface for painting) originated in Venice during the early renaissance. If the penalized team is scored on during a minor penalty, the penalty immediately ends. By the end of the century, Venice was famous for the splendor of its music, as exemplified in the "colossal style" of Andrea and Giovanni Gabrieli, which used multiple choruses and instrumental groups. A team is far more likely to score on a power play than during normal play. Venice was the early center of music printing; Ottaviano Petrucci began publishing music almost as soon as this technology was available, and his publishing enterprise helped to attract composers from all over Europe, especially from France and Flanders.

This is called a power play for the attackers and a penalty kill for the defenders. During the 16th century, Venice became one of the most important musical centers of Europe, marked by a characteristic style of composition (the Venetian school) and the development of the Venetian polychoral style under composers such as Adrian Willaert, who worked at San Marco. Normally, hockey teams have five skaters (excluding the goaltender), so if one penalty is called, play becomes five-on-four. Dull garments were worn over colorful ones, which then were cut to show the hidden colors — which resulted in the wide spread of men's "slashed" fashions in the 15th century. In most cases, the penalized team cannot replace that player and is thus shorthanded for the duration of the penalty. The Senate passed sumptuary laws, but these merely resulted in changes in fashion in order to circumvent the law. During a penalty, the player who committed the infraction is sent to the penalty box. In the 14th century, many young Venetian men began wearing tight-fitting multicolored hose, the designs on which indicated the Compagnie della Calza ("Trouser Club") to which they belonged.

In the NHL, the Linesman may call major intent-to-injure penalties that the referee may have missed. If sinking is prevented, today's engineers hope that future generations will - perhaps in thousands of years time - remember the current work being done, for saving one of the most romantic cities in the world. A linesman may call only obvious technical infractions such as too many men on the ice. A further point about the "lifting" system would be that it would be permenant - the MOSE Project is, by it very nature, a temporary system: it is expected to protect Venice for "only" 100 years. A referee makes all penalty calls. This way, some hope, it could rise above sea levels, protecting it for hundreds of years, and eventually the MOSE project may not be necessary (it will, controvertially, alter the tidal patterns in the lagoon, damaging some wildlife). A penalty is a punishment for inappropriate behaviour. Some experts say that the best way to protect Venice is to physically lift the City to a greater height above sea level - by pumping water into the soil underneath the city.

Under the rules following the 2004-2005 lockout, if a team ices the puck under five-on-five conditions, they are not allowed to make a line change for the following faceoff. To make things worse, however, sea levels are rising anyway, and in fact, the whole east coast of Italy is sinking (although very slowly). If the goalie on the side of the ice where the puck is being sent touches the puck, the icing is waved off. This challenging engineering work is due to be completed by 2011. A short handed team is not penalized for clearing the puck out of its zone during a powerplay. When tides are predicted to rise above 110 centimetres, the pontoons will be filled with air and block the incoming water from the Adriatic sea. Play is resumed with a faceoff in the defending zone of the team that committed the infraction. In May 2003, Silvio Berlusconi, the Italian Prime Minister, inaugurated the MOSE project, which will lay a series of 79 inflatable pontoons across the sea bed at the three entrances to the lagoon.

When icing occurs, a linesman stops play. Some recent studies have suggested that the city is no longer sinking^{[citation needed]}, but this is not yet certain; therefore, a state of alert has not been revoked. Icing occurs when a player shoots the puck across both the red line and the opposing team's goal line without the puck going into the net. Thus, many Venetians resorted to moving up to the upper floors and continue with their lives. The NHL in 2006 removed the offside pass or two-line pass which was a pass from inside a team's defending zone that crosses the red line. In many old houses the former staircases used by people to unload goods are now flooded, rendering the former ground floor uninhabitable. When an offside violation occurs, the linesman blows play dead, and a faceoff is conducted in the neutral zone. However, the city is still threatened by more frequent low-level floods (so-called Acqua alta, "high water") that creep to a height of several centimeters over its quays, regularly following certain tides.

In ice hockey, play is said to be offside if a player on the attacking team enters the attacking zone before the puck. This sinking process has slowed markedly since artesian wells were banned in the 1960s. If the game is still tied after the three shootout rounds, the shootout continues, but becomes sudden death. It was realised that extraction of the aquifer was the cause. The team with the most goals during this shootout wins the game. During the 20th century, when many artesian wells were sunk into the periphery of the lagoon to draw water for local industry, Venice began to subside. Three players for each team in turn perform a penalty shot. This created an ever-deeper lagoon environment.

If the game is still tied at the end of overtime, the game enters a shootout. Six hundred years ago, Venetians protected themselves from land-based attacks by diverting all the major rivers flowing into the lagoon and thus preventing sediment from filling the area around the city. If the game is tied at the end of regulation time, a 5 minute, 4-on-4 sudden death overtime period is played, where the first team that scores a goal wins the game. The buildings are often threatened by flood tides pushing in from the Adriatic between autumn and early spring. The team that has the most goals at the end of 60 minutes wins the game. The foundations rest on the piles, and buildings of brick or stone sit above these footings. A goal is scored when the puck passes the goal line and enters the net. Most of these piles are still intact after centuries of submersion.

It is used to judge goals and icing calls. The buildings of Venice are constructed on closely spaced wood piles (under water, in the absence of oxygen, wood does not decay) which penetrate alternating layers of clay and sand. Near each end of the rink, there is a thin red goal line spanning the width of the ice. The city is divided into the six districts of Cannaregio, San Polo, Dorsoduro (including the Giudecca), Santa Croce, San Marco and Castello (including San Pietro di Castello and Sant'Elena). They divide the ice into zones. The sestieri are the primary traditional divisions of Venice. There are two blue lines that divide the rink roughly into thirds. Other populations include Bulgarian, Tunisian, Albanian, and Macedonian.

The red line is used to judge icing violations. Istat breaks down the population as:. The red line divides the ice in half lengthwise. The city is much visited by tourists, of course; but of the permanent population 3.8 % are foreigners as well: from all around the world, and especially from Asia. The hockey rink is an ice rink which is rectangular with rounded corners and surrounded by a wall . The airport is on the mainland and was rebuilt away from the coast so that visitors now need to get a bus to the pier, from which a water taxi or Aliliguna waterbus can be used. Each team may also take one 30 second time-out which may only be taken during a normal stoppage of play. Venice is served by the newly rebuilt Marco Polo International Airport, or Aeroporto di Venezia Marco Polo, named in honor of its famous citizen.

Between stoppages of play, teams have 25 seconds before substituting their players except for referee stoppages for TV commercials. The only unmotorized gondolas still in common use by Venetians are the traghetti, foot passenger ferries crossing the Grand Canal at certain points without bridges. Between each period there is a 15 minute intermission. The city also has many private boats. Each game is 60 minutes composed of three 20 minute periods. Most Venetians now travel by motorised waterbuses ("vaporetti") which ply regular routes along the major canals and between the city's islands. While the National Hockey League follows the general rules of Ice hockey, it differs slightly from those used in international games organized by the International Ice Hockey Federation such as the Olympics. The classical Venetian boat is the gondola, although it is now mostly used for tourists, or for weddings, funerals, or other ceremonies, due to its cost.

The overtime is sudden death with the game ending when either team scores a goal. Venice is Europe's largest carfree area, unique in Europe in remaining a sizable functioning city in the 21st century entirely without motorcars or trucks. Overtimes are also full periods of twenty minutes (of five-on-five hockey), rather than the five minutes (of four-on-four hockey, followed by a shootout) in the regular season. Beyond these land entrances at the northern edge of the city, transportation within the city remains, as it was in centuries past, entirely on water or on foot. If the score is tied at the end of an overtime period, additional overtime periods are played until a winner is determined. In the 19th century a causeway to the mainland brought a railway station to Venice, and an automobile causeway and parking lot was added in the 20th century. During playoff games if the score is tied at the end of the third period an overtime period is played. In the old center, the canals serve the function of roads, and every form of transport is on water or on foot.

Four of the seven games are played at this team's home venue - the first and second, and, where necessary, the fifth and seventh, with the other games played at the lower-ranked team's home venue. The islands on which the city is built are connected by about 400 bridges. In each round the higher-ranked team is said to be the team with the home-ice advantage. It is built on an archipelago of more than 100 islands (118 in total) formed by about 150 canals in a shallow lagoon. In the third round, the conference finals, the two remaining teams in each conference play each other, with the conference champions proceeding to the Stanley Cup Finals. Venice is famous for its canals. In the second round, or conference semifinals, the NHL re-seeds (unlike the NBA) the teams, with the top remaining conference seed playing against the lowest remaining seed, and the other two remaining conference teams pairing off. The Venetian military tradition also was notably cautious; they were more interested in achieving success with a minimum expense of lives and money than in the pursuit of glory.

The first round of the playoffs, or conference quarterfinals, consists of the first seed playing the eighth seed, the second playing the seventh, third playing the sixth, and the fourth playing the fifth. A civilian commissioner (not unlike a commissar) accompanied each army to keep an eye on things, especially the mercenaries. The Stanley Cup Playoffs is an elimination tournament, where two teams battle to win a best-of-seven series in order to advance to the next round. Not only was efficiency not degraded, this policy saved Venice from the military takeovers that other Italian city states so often experienced. The division winners are seeded one through three, and the next five teams with the best records in the conference are seeded four through eight. By ancient law, no nobleman could command more than twenty-five men (to prevent against sedition by private armies), and while the position of Captain General was introduced in the mid-14th century, he still had to answer to a civilian panel of twenty "wise men". At the end of the regular season, the three division champions and the five other teams in each conference with the highest number of points, 8 teams in each conference, qualify for the Stanley Cup playoffs. The command structure in the army was different from that in the fleet.

At the end of the regular season, the team that finishes with the most points in each division is crowned the division champion. Throughout the 15th century, Venetian land forces were almost always on the offensive and were regarded as the most effective in Italy, largely because of the tradition of all classes carrying arms in defense of the city and official encouragement of general military training. Points are awarded for each game as follows:. Later in that century, uniforms were adopted that featured red-and-white stripes, and a system of honors and pensions developed. The two divisions from the opposite conference which each team plays against will be rotated every year, much like interleague play in baseball. In its alliance with Florence in 1426, Venice agreed to supply 8,000 cavalry and 3,000 infantry in time of war, and 3,000 and 1,000 in peacetime. Teams play 32 games within their division (8 games against four other teams), 40 games against non-divisional, conference opponents (4 games against 10 other teams) and 10 interconference games, 1 game against each team in two of the three divisions in the opposite conference. Early in the 15th century, as new mainland territories were expanded, the first standing army was organized, consisting of condottieri on contract.

Each team in the NHL plays 82 regular season games, 41 games at home and 41 on the road. As in other Italian cities, aristocrats and other wealthy men were cavalrymen while the city's conscripts fought as infantry. For a list of previous teams see List of defunct NHL teams. The register of 1338 estimated that 30,000 Venetian men were capable of bearing arms; many of these were skilled crossbowmen. Over the years many different organizations have existed. In times of emergency, all males between seventeen and sixty years were registered and their weapons were surveyed, with those called to actually fight being organized into companies of twelve. The National Hockey League currently has 30 teams divided into two conferences, and 6 divisions, an organization that started in the year 2000. In the 13th century, most Italian city states already were hiring mercenaries, but Venetian troops were still recruited from the lagoon, plus feudal levies from Dalmatia and Istria.

The NHL, despite negative press generated during the lockout, has success attracting fans to the initial games of the season and extends fan bases into non-traditional markets in the US such as Nashville, Atlanta, and the Carolinas. Though Venice was famous for its navy, its army was equally effective. Of those 15 games, 11 were in front of sell out crowds. The company of "Noble Bowmen" was recruited in the later 14th century from among the younger aristocracy and served aboard both war-galleys and armed merchantmen, with the privilege of sharing the captain's cabin. On October 5, 2005, the first post-lockout NHL season got under way with 15 games. As weapons became more expensive and complex to operate, professional soldiers were assigned to help work merchant sailing ships and as rowers in galleys. A new collective bargaining agreement was ratified in July 2005 with a term of six years with an option of extending the collective bargaining agreement for an additional year at the end of the term, allowing the NHL to resume as of the 2005-06 season. By 1303, crossbow practice had become compulsory in the city, with citizens training in groups.

With no new agreement in hand when the existing contract expired on September 15, 2004, league commissioner Gary Bettman announced a lockout of the players union and cessation of operations by the NHL head office, causing the NHL to lose an entire season. Rowing skills were encouraged through races and regattas. The league vowed to install what it dubbed "cost certainty" for its teams, but the National Hockey League Players Association countered that the move was little more than a euphemism for a salary cap, which the union initially said it would not accept. Debtors generally worked off their obligations rowing the galleys. Negotiations to replace the contract that expired in 2004 turned into one of the most contentious collective bargaining sessions in the history of professional sports. Those from the city were chosen by lot from each parish, their families being supported by the remainder of the parish while the rowers were away. The resulting collective bargaining agreement was set for renegotiation in 1998 and extended to September 15, 2004. Galley slaves did not exist in medieval Venice, the oarsmen coming from the city itself or from its possessions, especially Dalmatia.

A lockout at the start of the 1994-95 forced the league to reduce the schedule from 84 games to just 48, with the teams playing only intra-conference games during the reduced season. A reserve of some 25 (later 100) war-galleys was maintained in the Arsenal. The first was a strike by the National Hockey League Players Association in April 1992 which lasted for 10 days, but the strike was settled quickly and all affected games were rescheduled. The government required each merchant ship to carry a specified number of weapons (mostly crossbows and javelins) and armor; merchant passengers were also expected to be armed and to fight when necessary. There have been three work stoppages in NHL history, all happening between 1992 and 2005. By 1450, more than 3,000 Venetian merchant ships were in operation, and most of these could be converted when necessary into either warships or transports. Approaching the new millennium, the NHL added another four teams; the Nashville Predators (1998), the Atlanta Thrashers (1999), the Minnesota Wild and the Columbus Blue Jackets (both added in 2000) bringing the total to 30 teams. After 1797, the city fell into a serious decline, with many of the old palaces and other buildings abandoned and falling into disrepair, although the Lido became a popular beach resort in the late 19th century.

In 1993, the NHL added an additional two teams, the Anaheim Mighty Ducks and the Florida Panthers. In 1866, along with the rest of Venetia, Venice became part of Italy. The San Jose Sharks debuted in 1991, a season later the Ottawa Senators would join the NHL along with the Tampa Bay Lightning. It was taken from Austria by the Treaty of Pressburg in 1805 and became part of Napoleon's Kingdom of Italy, but was returned to Austria following Napoleon's defeat in 1814. In the early 90's the NHL expanded further with five new franchises. The Austrians took control of the city on January 18, 1798. As of 2005, the Oilers are the last remaining original WHA franchise still playing in the city where they began in the NHL. Venice became part of the Austrian-held Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia when Napoleon signed the Treaty of Campo Formio on October 12 1797.

Four of the remaining six WHA teams merged with the NHL: The Hartford Whalers, Québec Nordiques, Edmonton Oilers, and Winnipeg Jets. He removed the gates of the Ghetto and ended the restrictions on when and where Jews could live and travel in the city. The two leagues fought for the services of hockey players and fans until the WHA folded in 1979. Napoleon was seen as something of a liberator by the city's Jewish population. The dilution of the talent pool, however, caused the overall quality of play to suffer. The French conqueror brought to an end the most fascinating century of its history: It was during the "Settecento" that Venice became perhaps the most elegant and refined city in Europe, greatly influencing art, architecture, and literature. In response to that, the NHL decided to rush its own expansion plans by adding the New York Islanders and Atlanta Flames that year, along with the Kansas City Scouts and Washington Capitals two years later. After 1070 years, the Republic lost its independence when Napoleon Bonaparte on May 12, 1797, conquered Venice during the First Coalition.

Though it never challenged for the Stanley Cup, its status as a viable NHL rival was unquestionable. Venetian ambassadors sent home still-extant secret reports of the politics and rumours of European courts, providing fascinating information to modern historians. In 1972, the World Hockey Association (WHA) was formed. The second, more famous, occasion was on April 27, 1509, by order of Pope Julius II (see League of Cambrai). Three years later, the NHL added the Vancouver Canucks and Buffalo Sabres as franchises. Venice was threatened with the interdict on a number of occasions and twice suffered its imposition. Louis Blues, Minnesota North Stars, Los Angeles Kings, Oakland Seals, and Pittsburgh Penguins. This apparent lack of zeal contributed to its frequently coming into conflict with the Papacy.

They were the Philadelphia Flyers, St. Though the people of Venice generally remained orthodox Roman Catholics, the state of Venice was notable for its freedom from religious fanaticism and it enacted not a single execution for religious heresy during the Counter-Reformation. Six new teams were added to the NHL roster, and placed in their own newly-created division. In practice, a number of Doges were forced by pressure from their oligarchical peers to resign the office and retire into monastic seclusion when they were felt to have been discredited by perceived political failure. The rise of the Western Hockey League, which many pundits thought planned to transform into a major league and challenge for the Stanley Cup, spurred the NHL in 1967 to undertake its first expansion since the 1920s. The chief executive was the Doge (duke), who, theoretically, held his elective office for life. With these developments and the onset of World War II, the NHL was reduced to six teams during its 25th anniversary year of (1942) – six teams still known today, if somewhat inaccurately, as the Original Six: The Canadiens, Maple Leafs, Red Wings, Bruins, Rangers, and Blackhawks. War was regarded as a continuation of commerce by other means (hence, the city's early production of large numbers of mercenaries for service elsewhere).

However, the Great Depression took a toll on the league; teams such as the Pirates, Americans and Ottawa Senators folded. Venice remained a republic throughout its independent period and politics and the military were kept completely separate. By the end of the 1930-31 season, the NHL featured a total of 10 teams. The Cavalieri di San Marco was the only order of chivalry ever instituted in Venice, and no citizen could accept or join a foreign order without the government’s consent. Canadian additions included the Montreal Maroons and Hamilton Tigers. Church and various private properties were tied to military service, though there was no knight tenure within the city itself. The league had also expanded into the United States, with the Boston Bruins in 1924, the New York Americans and the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1925 and the New York Rangers, Detroit Cougars (later to become the Red Wings), and Chicago Blackhawks in 1926. The Venetian governmental structure was a mix of Byzantine and Islamic systems, but the social order was entirely feudal.

By 1926, having increased player salaries to a level that couldn't be matched by other Canadian leagues, the NHL was alone in Stanley Cup competition. Only Venetian ships could efficiently transport the men, supplies, and (especially) war horses. (The 1918-19 competition was cancelled because of the Spanish Flu epidemic that had hit Seattle). Mark, symbol of Venice. Though the league struggled to stay in business during its first decade, NHL teams were quite successful on the ice, winning the Stanley Cup seven out of its first nine years. Considerable plunder was brought back to Venice, including the Winged Lion of St. With the Bulldogs and Wanderers out, the NHL operated with just three teams for the remainder of its opening year, and through the second season. Though the Greeks recovered control of the ravaged city and Empire a half century later, the Byzantine Empire was effectively powerless, and existed as a ghost of it's old self until Mohammad the Conqueror took the city in 1453.

The Wanderers, already a shadow of its former self, folded in the wake of the fire, ending one of the most storied franchises in the early years of Canadian professional hockey. Unfortunately, this seizure of Constantinople would ultimately prove to be as much a factor ending the Byzantine Empire as the loss of the Anatolian themes after Manzikert. On January 2, 1918, the Westmount Arena in Montreal, home to the Wanderers and Canadiens, was destroyed in a fire. Venice became an imperial power following the Fourth Crusade, which (with Venetian aid) seized Constantinople in 1204 and established the Latin Empire; Venice herself carved out a sphere of influence known as the Duchy of the Archipelago. The NHL endured a rocky inaugural season in 1917-18, starting with the temporary shuttering of the Bulldogs. By the standards of the time, Venice's stewardship of its mainland territories was relatively enlightened and the citizens of such towns as Bergamo, Brescia, and Verona rallied to the defence of Venetian sovereignty when it was threatened by invaders. Arguments and discussions ensued which eventually led to the formation of the National Hockey League at on November 26, 1917, with the Montreal Canadiens, Montreal Wanderers, Ottawa Senators, Quebec Bulldogs and newly-renamed Toronto Arenas as founding members. In building its maritime commercial empire, the Republic acquired control of most of the islands in the Aegean, including Cyprus and Crete, and became a major power-broker in the Near East.

Livingstone, unable to attend the meeting because of illness, was shocked to learn that owners had chosen to effectively eject him and the Blueshirts from the NHA. Later mainland possessions, which extended across Lake Garda as far west as the Adda River, were known as "Terraferma", and were acquired partly as a buffer against belligerent neighbors, partly to guarantee Alpine trade routes, and partly to ensure the supply of mainland wheat, on which the city depended. The owners met in Montreal's Windsor Hotel to consider the league's future on February 11, 1917. The Doge already carried the titles of Duke of Dalmatia and Duke of Istria. Livingstone and the owners of the other teams. The Republic of Venice seized the eastern shores of the Adriatic before 1200, mostly for commercial reasons, because pirates based there were a menace to trade. The National Hockey League was founded in 1917 in Montreal after a series of disputes within the (Canadian) National Hockey Association (NHA) between the Toronto Blueshirts' owner Edward J. In the 12th century the essentials for the power of Venice were laid: the Venetian Arsenal was under construction in 1104; Venice wrested control of the Brenner pass from Verona in 1178, opening a lifeline to silver from Germany; the last autocratic doge, Vitale Michiele, died in 1172.

. Its strategic position at head of the Adriatic made Venetian naval and commercial power almost invulnerable; and the city gave her name to the surrounding region, Venetia. The NHL is one of the major professional sports leagues of North America.

. Venice was a city state (an Italian thalassocracy or Repubblica Marinara, the other three being Genoa, Pisa, and Amalfi). It is generally regarded as the premier professional ice hockey league in the world. As the community continued to develop and as Byzantine power waned, an increasingly anti-Eastern character emerged, leading to the growth of autonomy and eventual independence under the rulership of elected doges. The National Hockey League (NHL) is a professional sports organization composed of hockey teams in the United States and Canada, where it is also known by its French name, Ligue Nationale de Hockey (LNH). In the mid-8th century, the Venetians resisted the empire-building efforts of Pepin III and remained subject to the Byzantine Empire, at least theoretically.

The Lester Patrick Trophy has been presented by the National Hockey League since 1966 to honour a recipient's contribution to hockey in the United States. The city was founded as a result of the influx of refugees into the marshes of the Po estuary following the invasion of northern Italy by the Lombards in 568. Jennings Trophy (1982 - present) -- goalkeeper(s) for the team with the fewest goals against them. . William M. The Venetian Republic was a major sea power and a staging area for the Crusades, as well as a very important centre of commerce (especially the spice trade) and art in the Renaissance. Vezina Trophy (1927 - present) -- voted to be the most outstanding goaltender. [1].

Roger Crozier Saving Grace Award (2000 - present) -- best save percentage by a goalkeeper. The population estimate of 272,000 inhabitants includes the population of the whole Comune of Venezia; the historic city of Venice (Centro storico) inhabitants are nearly 62,000, while approximately 176,000 people live in Terraferma (literal dry land, it means the extra-lagoon areas) and 31,000 live in other islands of the lagoon. NHL Plus/Minus Award (1968 - present) -- highest plus/minus statistic. The saltwater lagoon stretches along the shoreline between the mouths of the Po (south) and the Piave (north) Rivers. Maurice 'Rocket' Richard Trophy (1999 - present) -- to the goal-scoring leader during the regular season. The city stretches across numerous small islands in the marshy Venetian Lagoon along the Adriatic Sea in northeast Italy. Pearson Award (1971 - present) -- most outstanding player as selected by peers. The city is included, with Padua (Padova), in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area, population 1,600,000.

Lester B. Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venexia), the "city of canals", is the capital of the region of Veneto and of the province of Venice, 45°26′N 12°19′E, population 271,663 (census estimate January 1, 2004). Lady Byng Memorial Trophy (1925 - present) -- player combining ability and sportsmanship. "Venezuela" means "little Venice". King Clancy Memorial Trophy (1988 - present) -- leadership and humanitarian contribution. arsenal, ciao, ghetto, gondola, lagoon, lido, Montenegro. James Norris Memorial Trophy (1954 - present)-- most outstanding defenceman. Veronica Franco (1546-1591), poet and courtesan during the Renaissance.

Jack Adams Award (1974 - present) -- coach of the year. Titian (1477–1576), painter. Hart Memorial Trophy (1924 - present) -- most valuable player during the regular season. Venice and its lagoon are listed as World Heritage Sites by UNESCO. Selke Trophy (1978 - present) -- top defensive forward. Venice is also famous world-wide for its unique carnival (1). Frank J. Mark the Evangelist.

Conn Smythe Trophy (1965 - present) -- most valuable player during the playoffs. The city's patron is St. Calder Memorial Trophy (1933 - present) -- rookie of the year. Casanova (2005 film loosely based on the life of Giacomo Casanova). Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy (1968 - present) -- perseverance and sportsmanship. The Italian Job (in its 2003 remake incarnation). Art Ross Memorial Trophy (1948 - present) -- regular season league scoring champion. Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989 film).

The O'Brien Trophy was awarded in the NHL before it was retired following the 1949-50 NHL season. Nicolas Roeg's 1973 film Don't Look Now, based on a story by Daphne du Maurier. Presidents' Trophy (1986 - present) - best regular season by a team. From Russia with Love, a James Bond novel and film. Prince of Wales Trophy -- Eastern conference playoff champion. Morgenstern. Campbell Bowl -- Western conference playoff champion. The Silent Gondoliers a fable told by William Goldman's S.

Clarence S. Orhan Pamuk's short stories "Batsin Bu Dünya" (1983) and "Emrah Gülle Gel de Gülme" (1983). Stanley Cup -- overall playoff champion. Death in Venice, a 1912 novel by Thomas Mann. Zero points for a loss in regulation time. Friedrich Schiller's Der Geisterseher (The Ghost-Seer). One point for losing in overtime or a shootout. William Shakespeare's Othello and The Merchant of Venice.

Two points are awarded for a win. Giudecca. Vignole. Torcello. San Lazzaro degli Armeni.

Sant'Erasmo. San Michele. Murano. Lido.

Burano. Islands: