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MTV

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MTV: Music Television is a young adult cable television network headquartered in New York City. Originally devoted to music videos, especially popular rock music, MTV later became an outlet for a variety of different material aimed at adolescents and young adults.

The network was founded on August 1, 1981 as an operation of Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, a joint venture of Warner Communications and American Express. In 1985, it was acquired by Viacom Inc., and was folded into MTV Networks, becoming a wholly owned subsidiary. MTV's combination of music videos, youthful video jockeys, irreverent commentary, promotion of special rock concerts, and news and documentaries about bands and performers established the network's popularity with youthful viewers, and it became a leading promoter of new rock music and rock musicians. In the 90's, MTV was often considered to be the driving force in American pop culture, but this influence has dramatically declined.

History

MTV's roots can be traced back to 1977, when Warner-Amex Cable (a joint venture between Warner Communications and American Express) launched the first two-way interactive cable TV system, Qube, in Columbus, Ohio. The Qube system offered many specialized channels, including a children's channel called Pinwheel which would later become Nickelodeon. One of these specialized channels was Sight On Sound, a music channel that featured concert footage and music oriented TV programs; with the interactive Qube service, viewers could vote for their favorite songs and artists. The popularity of the channel prompted Warner Amex to market the channel nationally to other cable services.

At midnight on August 1, 1981, the format was changed to music video (using a concept originally devised and sold to Warner Amex by Michael Nesmith, previously a member of the hit pop band The Monkees), and the name was changed to "MTV—Music Television".

The programming was created by the visionary music producer, Bob Pittman, who later became president and chief executive officer, of MTV Networks. [1]

MTV started in New York City but was available in most of the United States by the mid-1980s with the nationwide expansion of cable.

It went to air with the words, "Ladies and gentlemen, rock and roll!" Appropriately, the first music video shown on MTV was "Video Killed the Radio Star" by The Buggles (often wrongly attributed to one of their contemporaries with a similar name, The Bangles). (With similar tongue-in-cheek humor, the first video shown on MTV Europe was "Money for Nothing," by Dire Straits, which starts and finishes with repetition of the line "I want my MTV," voiced by Sting; on MTV Latino, the first video shown was "We Are Southamerican Rockers" by the Chilean band Los Prisioneros.)

The early format of the network was modeled after Top 40 radio. Fresh-faced young men and women were hired to host the show's programming, and to introduce videos that were being played. The term VJ (video jockey) was coined, a play on the term DJ (disc jockey.) Many VJs eventually became celebrities in their own right. The early music videos that made up the bulk of the network's programming in the '80s were often crude promotional or concert clips from whatever sources could be found; as the popularity of the network rose, and record companies recognized the potential of the medium as a tool to gain recognition and publicity, they began to create increasingly elaborate clips specifically for the network. Several noted film directors got their start creating music videos, including Spike Jonze, Michel Gondry, and David Fincher.

A large number of rock stars of the 1980s and 1990s were made into household names by MTV. 1980s bands immediately identifiable with MTV include Eurythmics, RATT, Culture Club, Def Leppard, Duran Duran and Bon Jovi. Michael Jackson launched the second wave of his career as an MTV staple. Madonna rose to fame on MTV in the 1980s, and to this day continues to use the network to promote her music.

In 1984 the network produced its first MTV Video Music Awards show. Seen as a fit of self-indulgence by a fledgling network at the time, the "VMAs" developed into a music-industry showcase marketed as a hip antidote to the Grammy awards. In 1992, the network would add a movie award show with similar success.

After MTV's programming shifted towards heavy metal and rap music, MTV Networks launched a second network, Video Hits 1 (VH-1), in 1985. VH1 featured more popular music than MTV. Today, MTV Networks also owns Nickelodeon, a cable channel airing children's and family programming.

MTV in the mid-'90s, shortly before the transition to non-music programming

MTV started off showing music videos nearly full-time, but as time passed they introduced a variety of other shows, including animated cartoons such as Beavis and Butt-head and Daria; "reality" shows such as The Real World and Road Rules; prank/comedic shows such as The Tom Green Show, Jackass, and Punk'd; and soap operas such as Undressed. By the second half of the 1990s, MTV programming consisted primarily of non-music programming. In 2000, MTV's Fear became the first 'scary' reality show where contestants filmed themselves. The show ran for three seasons and spawned numerous imitations, including the currently running Fear Factor on NBC. In 2002, MTV aired the first episode of another reality show, The Osbournes, based on the everyday life of former, Black Sabbath frontman Ozzy Osbourne, his wife Sharon, and two of their children, Jack and Kelly. The show went on to become one of the network's biggest ever success stories and kick-started a musical career for Kelly Osbourne, while Sharon Osbourne went on to host a talk show on U.S. television. In 2003, Newlyweds, another popular reality TV show that follows the lives of Jessica Simpson and Nick Lachey, a music celebrity couple, began. It has run for three seasons. The success of Newlyweds was followed in June 2004 by The Ashlee Simpson Show, which documented the beginnings of the music career of Ashlee Simpson, Jessica Simpson's younger sister. In the fall of 2004, Ozzy Osbourne's reality show Battle for Ozzfest aired.

In 2004, MTV's parent company Viacom bought Germany's largest provider for music television Viva Media AG, thereby creating the largest company for music on the European mainland. In November 2004, MTV announced it would begin airing in February 2005 MTV Base in Africa, [2] thereby reaching the world's last major populated area previously not served by MTV.

Diversification

The advent of digital satellite and cable has also brought greater diversity including channels such as MTV2, which features the slogan "Where The Music's At." In the U.S., MTV2 initially focused on playing music videos and other music-related programming exclusively; in Europe, MTV2 plays specific genres of music (mainly alternative and rock). Viacom, parent company of the MTV Networks, is also behind VH1, which is aimed at celebrity and popular culture programming; and CMT, which targets the country music market.

MTV recently broadcast a new Indian Pop Culture channel called MTV Desi and University-oriented channel mtvU.

International divisions

MTV Networks and Viacom have launched numerous native-language MTV-branded music channels to countries worldwide.

Criticism

In its early years, MTV was criticized as racist, since the acts it featured were nearly exclusively white. MTV executives countered by claiming that there were few—if any—promotional videos available from black and other minority acts, although artists such as Diana Ross and The Jacksons had been making music videos before MTV existed. Shortly thereafter, the network began heavily featuring videos from Michael Jackson's album Thriller, in particular "Billie Jean" and "Thriller", and Prince's album 1999, in particular the videos for the title track and "Little Red Corvette". Subsequently, MTV delved heavily into black musical acts, developing several hip-hop music-themed programs such as Yo! MTV Raps, and got rid of MTV X to make room for MTV Jams. This is in part because many young African-Americans prefer to watch BET rather than MTV.

Because of its visibility as a promotional tool for the recording industry, MTV has been criticized as overly commercial and accused of denigrating the importance of music in the music industry (replacing it with a purely visual aesthetic); this is an ongoing problem for punk and emo bands. As early as 1985, some musicians were criticizing MTV for these reasons, perhaps most famously Dead Kennedys with "MTV − Get off the Air".

MTV UK has recently been under fire as it no longer airs any daytime music videos, outside of parts of a few shows like Total Request Live and Making the Video, and focuses primarily on MTV produced reality shows such as The Osbournes and Punk'd. Many argue, however, that as MTV runs nine music channels in the UK, it has delegated music videos to its genre channels in a bid to differentiate itself from the competition of the fourteen other music video-oriented channels. Videos are also often played between other shows and at night.

The same criticism has also been made of MTV in the USA, with its dearth of music videos, and its stronger focus on reality shows such as Road Rules, The Real World, Laguna Beach, and others as well. The primary U.S. MTV channel does occasionally play music videos (albeit rarely) instead of exclusively relegating them to their genre channels.

MTV UK has also been attacked for over-use of on-screen graphics, such as logos, programme promotion and countdown timers, and its electronica-themed genre channel MTV Dance is often derided for playing a lack of dance music during the day, preferring a mix of pop-dance, pop, and R&B. Ironically, the channel has also been criticized for lacking programming.

Critics also claim that bands sell well because they get a lot of exposure on MTV, rather than MTV picking the best bands to promote; and that MTV has too much influence in the music industry. Although it could be argued that MTV is simply giving airtime to the most popular acts in a given country, the counter-argument could also be made that these acts get popular simply because of the exposure that MTV gives them.

There have also been some critics who have said that MTV promotes bad behavior (mainly premarital sex, war propaganda, and even recreational drug use) to the youth of America by embracing the behaviors of certain celebrities who are not good role models. It was also said by someone that 'MTV was porn for children!' (later in the evening and during the night, MTV tend to show slightly more adult-themed programming, most of the adult-themed programming was pornographic movies and shows).

There are also critics of MTV and their reality shows such as NEXT, the game dating show that demoralizes individuals by making the daters complete various tasks and games only to be "Nexted" when they were not pleasing enough because of their looks. The show also airs homosexual daters, which can be seen as controversial due to its open sexual nature that is open to viewers of various ages.

MTV and VH1 drew heavy criticism for their coverage of Live 8, the multinational concert of musical artists which raised awareness for African debt relief. The broadcast of music was limited, as the network cut to its on-air personalities, celebrity interviews, and commercials in the middle of live acts. The epitome of this was the widely reported decision to cut to commercial during Pink Floyd's performance in London, which was bassist Roger Waters' first performance with the rest of the band since 1981. MTV VJ's came onscreen to talk during the first guitar solo in "Comfortably Numb," then cut back for a few seconds before playing a commercial. 1 Because of the criticism the channel received over this, both MTV and VH1 decided to show the whole 10-hour Live 8 concert again the following weekend, this time without any commercial breaks or VJ interruptions.

The channel also faced criticism in the wake of the Super Bowl XXXVIII half time show — which it had produced. This infamous halftime show featured the exposure of one of Janet Jackson's breasts, which was shown on live television. Afterwards the NFL indicated that MTV would not produce any further Super Bowl halftime shows, or any public event.

MTV has also come under criticism for being far too politically correct and sensitive when it came to censorship. This was most prevalent in the eventual decline of the hit show Jackass. The creators of Jackass often felt that MTV's producers did not let the show run its free course due to the excessive restraints under which they put the Jackass team. MTV has also heavily edited a number of music videos, frequently to remove references to drugs or weapons. Edits include "45" by Shinedown (it is renamed "Starring Down" and a good portion of the chorus is edited to eliminate gun references), "We Are All On Drugs" by Weezer (It is renamed "We Are All In Love" and lyrics are changed from "On Drugs" to "In Love", and "Hash Pipe" by Weezer (the word "Hash" is obscured, and the vocal has been edited to sound like "Half"). Also, the song "Four Kicks" by Kings of Leon has the words "guns" and "switchblade" censored in the chorus. The song Stinkfist by Tool was renamed "Track #1" since the title was considered "too offensive for public consumption" .

Political influence

After so many shots to the network about the content of programmes, they started showing a plethora of political and economic shows. These shows include: "think MTV," which talks about current political issues such as gay marriage, the U.S. presidential election (two years ago the network spent a large amount of time on the 2004 election), and war in other countries, among other topics. MTV aired a popular band's Sum 41 trip to the Democratic Republic of Congo, documenting the conflict there. The group ended up being caught in the midst of an attack outside of the hotel and were subsequently flown out of the country.

Other politically diverse programmes include True Life, which documents people's lives and problems, and shows an epilogue of after the show was shot; MTV News Specials, which centers on very current events in both the music industry and the world; and a lot of other shows based on the current times. It covered the 2004 U.S. Presidential election, airing programs focused on the issues and opinions of young people, including a program where viewers could ask questions of Senator John Kerry on live TV. However many people believe that MTV is liberal biased.

Cartoons

MTV has a history of cartoons with mature themes, the most notable probably being Beavis and Butt-head, and its spin-off, Daria. Most of its other cartoons have lasted only for a single season, despite usually being original and creative.

Some of the cartoons MTV has produced:

  • Beavis and Butt-head
  • Celebrity Deathmatch
  • Clone High
  • Daria
  • Downtown
  • Quads!
  • Undergrads
  • Cartoon Sushi
  • Æon Flux
  • The Maxx
  • Spy Groove
  • Liquid Television
  • 3 South

Slogans

  • "I want my MTV"
  • "MTV... Proud as a Moon Man" ("Weird Al" Yankovic's spoof of NBC's 1979-1981 slogan Proud as a Peacock)
  • "MTV Lives In Your Music"
  • "Some People Just Don't Get It"
  • "Watch and Learn"
  • "M-m-m-m T-t-t-t V-v-v-v"
  • "MTV News: You Hear it First"
  • "MT-blah: Blah-blah Tele-blah"
  • "I love my MTV"
  • "The Number One Music Channel" (slogan used for MTV UK from 2000 to 2002 as the channel broadcasts on digital cable and digital satellite, the slogan was axed in 2003. The fact that since then MTV has played very little music may also add to why this slogan was dropped.)
  • "I Like..." (MTV Asia)
  • "Don't let Jerry Win. Best watch your MTV's"
  • "Think"
  • "Not on TV, on M-TV"
  • "Best Watch Your MTVs"
  • "Just See MTV"
  • "MTV Enjoy"
  • "Nongkrong di MTV" (Slogan in MTV Asia for MTV Indonesia before MTV Indonesia aired (1997-2001)
  • "MTV Gue Banget"(MTV indonesia,2001-present)
  • "MTV Ayos" (MTV Philippines)
  • "Habla Tu MTV"

References in popular culture

  • George Michael's "Freedom '90" makes reference to the pressures the network placed on visual image: "I went back home, got a brand new face / For the boys at MTV"
  • The declining popularity of MTV was noted as Bart scrawled "I no longer want my MTV" in a Simpsons' season 9 chalkboard gag; a parody of Dire Straits' 1985 song "Money for Nothing."
  • The song "MTV − Get off the Air" by the Dead Kennedys was a protest against the content and style of music that dominated MTV during the '80s.
  • Bowling for Soup's "1985," contains the line, "Bring back Springsteen, Madonna, way before Nirvana there was U2 and Blondie, and music still on MTV."
  • Lyrics to Manowar's "Blow Your Speakers" include "Wrote a letter to the MTV/What’s goin’ on now/Don’t ya care about me."
  • Lyrics to Reel Big Fish's "Don't Start A Band" include "And even if you make itall the way to MTV/I don't think you could take it all the bullshit and the greed."
  • Lyrics to Beck's "MTV Makes Me Wanna Smoke Crack" include "MTV makes me wanna burn flesh!/Having an orgy down in the satellite dish!"
  • Cartoon series Megas XLR frequently features the destruction of billboards and other paraphernilia for a group called "PoP TV", whose symbol is clearly based on the MTV Logo. XLR was directed by Chris Prynoski, a former MTV animator whose own show (Downtown) had been cancelled by MTV years ago.
  • The opening track on Pantera's "The Great Southern Trendkill" song with the same name include the lyrics, "Buy it at a store, From MTV to on the floor, You look just like a star, It's proof you dont know who you are."

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Some of the cartoons MTV has produced:. Two pop stars, Ricky Martin and Britney Spears, make cameo appearances. Most of its other cartoons have lasted only for a single season, despite usually being original and creative. The distributors expressed unhappiness and suggested potential legal action, but according to the Sunday Herald, Moore's own response was, "I don't have a problem with people downloading the movie and sharing it with people as long as they're not trying to make a profit off my labour".[15] Moore had expressed similar sentiments before the film's theatric release. MTV has a history of cartoons with mature themes, the most notable probably being Beavis and Butt-head, and its spin-off, Daria. The anti-Moore site moorewatch.com posted a link to a BitTorrent file containing a version of the movie taped at a cinema. However many people believe that MTV is liberal biased. In the UK, the film was shown on Channel 4 on January 27, 2005.

Presidential election, airing programs focused on the issues and opinions of young people, including a program where viewers could ask questions of Senator John Kerry on live TV. This is especially curious as it has neither been released on DVD officially in Germany yet, nor was it shown on premium channels. It covered the 2004 U.S. The movie was also shown on basic cable television in Germany and Austria on November 1, 2004 and November 2, 2004. Other politically diverse programmes include True Life, which documents people's lives and problems, and shows an epilogue of after the show was shot; MTV News Specials, which centers on very current events in both the music industry and the world; and a lot of other shows based on the current times. Moore later on arranged for simultaneous broadcasts on November 1st at 8:00 PM (EST) on DISH Network, TVN and the Cinema Now website. The group ended up being caught in the midst of an attack outside of the hotel and were subsequently flown out of the country. The two-hour film was planned to be shown as part of the three-hour "The Michael Moore Pre-Election Special" on iN DEMAND, but iN DEMAND backed out in mid-October for "legitimate business and legal concerns." In a statement Michael Moore said he believes iN DEMAND decided not to air the film because of pressure from "top Republican people".

MTV aired a popular band's Sum 41 trip to the Democratic Republic of Congo, documenting the conflict there. All of these depictions of servicemen have been described by some as contradicting Moore's "final thoughts" segment, where he praises the troops as noble for volunteering and serving America so loyally, wondering out loud if they "will ever trust us again?" However, most footage of American troops was taken from other documentries, including the "heavy metal music" scene from Soundtrack to War. presidential election (two years ago the network spent a large amount of time on the 2004 election), and war in other countries, among other topics. By extension, Moore illustrates those who do actually join up as either extremely gullible or as only interested in money and not desirious of serving their country. These shows include: "think MTV," which talks about current political issues such as gay marriage, the U.S. Finally, in the film's segment on the tactics of military recruiters, Moore depicts military personnel as underhanded and deceptive in their efforts to get people to enlist. After so many shots to the network about the content of programmes, they started showing a plethora of political and economic shows. Additionally, in footage depicting the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Moore uses footage of Americans blasting heavy metal music from the PA system of their armored vehicles, implying they are immature and bloodthirsty.

The song Stinkfist by Tool was renamed "Track #1" since the title was considered "too offensive for public consumption" . One notable scene, for instance, showed American soldiers raiding an Iraqi home for suspected insurgents, and dealing with the suspect and his family in a particularly harsh fashion. Also, the song "Four Kicks" by Kings of Leon has the words "guns" and "switchblade" censored in the chorus. One other major criticism of Moore's film include his depiction of American soldiers during the war, and the seeming incompatibility of these depictions with the overtures of support for them he makes in his conclusion. Edits include "45" by Shinedown (it is renamed "Starring Down" and a good portion of the chorus is edited to eliminate gun references), "We Are All On Drugs" by Weezer (It is renamed "We Are All In Love" and lyrics are changed from "On Drugs" to "In Love", and "Hash Pipe" by Weezer (the word "Hash" is obscured, and the vocal has been edited to sound like "Half"). He claims that Moore altered the footage in a deceptive and underhanded fashion. MTV has also heavily edited a number of music videos, frequently to remove references to drugs or weapons. Both of his arms were blown off in the line of duty, and he insists that his description of phantom limb pain used in Moore's film were not meant to imply that he blamed the administration for his wounds or that he disagreed with the mission in Iraq.

The creators of Jackass often felt that MTV's producers did not let the show run its free course due to the excessive restraints under which they put the Jackass team. An American serviceman wounded in Iraq and featured in Fahrenheit 911 has also spoken out against Moore and his message. This was most prevalent in the eventual decline of the hit show Jackass. Glenn Chastain, went further, stating that coastal patrols were not the responsibility of the Oregon State Police, but rather the United States Coast Guard. MTV has also come under criticism for being far too politically correct and sensitive when it came to censorship. The trooper's commander, Lt. Afterwards the NFL indicated that MTV would not produce any further Super Bowl halftime shows, or any public event. Furthermore, Kenyon insists his statements to NBC news, although they were eventually used by Moore, did not mean he supported any of Moore's other views on the Bush Administration.

This infamous halftime show featured the exposure of one of Janet Jackson's breasts, which was shown on live television. The trooper has been quoted, however, as saying that his statements were not meant to imply that the Bush Administration was at fault for Oregon state budget cuts, nor that terrorism was a particular threat to Oregon's coastline. The channel also faced criticism in the wake of the Super Bowl XXXVIII half time show — which it had produced. This segment was picked up and used by Moore to try and prove his assertion that budget cuts enacted by the Bush Administration, thereby exposing Oregon and its vast coast to terrorist infiltration. 1 Because of the criticism the channel received over this, both MTV and VH1 decided to show the whole 10-hour Live 8 concert again the following weekend, this time without any commercial breaks or VJ interruptions. The Oregon State Police segment featured a Trooper Andy Kenyon, who was interviewed by NBC news on the detrimental effects of state budget cuts on the operational capabilities of his department. MTV VJ's came onscreen to talk during the first guitar solo in "Comfortably Numb," then cut back for a few seconds before playing a commercial. The most glaring examples of this manipulation includes footage of interviews with an Oregon State Trooper and an interview with a wounded and an American serviceman wounded and subsequently disabled in Iraq.

The epitome of this was the widely reported decision to cut to commercial during Pink Floyd's performance in London, which was bassist Roger Waters' first performance with the rest of the band since 1981. Another point of criticism often leveled against Moore is his use of stock footage taken from American newscasters. The broadcast of music was limited, as the network cut to its on-air personalities, celebrity interviews, and commercials in the middle of live acts. This contention, it should be noted, has been debunked by a coalition of top American newspapers, including the Washington Post and New York Times, which concluded after a lengthy recount of their own that George Bush would have won, even if the comprehensive recount requested by Gore hadn't been rejected by the US Supreme Court. MTV and VH1 drew heavy criticism for their coverage of Live 8, the multinational concert of musical artists which raised awareness for African debt relief. Bush had "stolen" the election. The show also airs homosexual daters, which can be seen as controversial due to its open sexual nature that is open to viewers of various ages. The letter's new "headline" insisted that Al Gore had won the recount, supporting Moore's premise that George W.

There are also critics of MTV and their reality shows such as NEXT, the game dating show that demoralizes individuals by making the daters complete various tasks and games only to be "Nexted" when they were not pleasing enough because of their looks. The text of the letter was digitally inflated and rearranged, creating the illusion that it was a factual article written by an actual reporter. It was also said by someone that 'MTV was porn for children!' (later in the evening and during the night, MTV tend to show slightly more adult-themed programming, most of the adult-themed programming was pornographic movies and shows). Perhaps the most blantant and oft-cited example of Moore manipulating his audience is the use of a letter to the editor from a Florida newspaper during Moore's segment covering the 2000 Presidential election recount in Florida. There have also been some critics who have said that MTV promotes bad behavior (mainly premarital sex, war propaganda, and even recreational drug use) to the youth of America by embracing the behaviors of certain celebrities who are not good role models. Others even contend that Moore's premises and evidence contradict his conclusions. Although it could be argued that MTV is simply giving airtime to the most popular acts in a given country, the counter-argument could also be made that these acts get popular simply because of the exposure that MTV gives them. Accusations leveled against Moore using deception, propaganda, and even employing outright falsehoods and fabrications to make his point.

Critics also claim that bands sell well because they get a lot of exposure on MTV, rather than MTV picking the best bands to promote; and that MTV has too much influence in the music industry. Moore has been criticized by conservatives and even liberals (such as Christopher Hitchens) for both the content and conclusions of his film. Ironically, the channel has also been criticized for lacking programming. Due to the highly political nature of the film, criticism was inevitable. MTV UK has also been attacked for over-use of on-screen graphics, such as logos, programme promotion and countdown timers, and its electronica-themed genre channel MTV Dance is often derided for playing a lack of dance music during the day, preferring a mix of pop-dance, pop, and R&B. [14]. MTV channel does occasionally play music videos (albeit rarely) instead of exclusively relegating them to their genre channels. Bush won Worst Actor, Bush with either Condoleezza Rice or his pet goat won Worst Screen Couple, Donald Rumsfeld won Worst Supporting Actor, and Rice and Britney Spears were both nominated for Worst Supporting Actress, with Spears winning the award.

The primary U.S. George W. The same criticism has also been made of MTV in the USA, with its dearth of music videos, and its stronger focus on reality shows such as Road Rules, The Real World, Laguna Beach, and others as well. The film also won four Razzies, not for its lack of quality but rather as a 'joke' about the "actors". Videos are also often played between other shows and at night. However, the film won other awards such as the People's Choice Award for Favourite Motion Picture, an unprecedented honor for a documentary. Many argue, however, that as MTV runs nine music channels in the UK, it has delegated music videos to its genre channels in a bid to differentiate itself from the competition of the fourteen other music video-oriented channels. The film received no Oscar nominations when they were announced on January 25, 2005.

MTV UK has recently been under fire as it no longer airs any daytime music videos, outside of parts of a few shows like Total Request Live and Making the Video, and focuses primarily on MTV produced reality shows such as The Osbournes and Punk'd. 2." Moore had previously won a Best Documentary Oscar for Bowling for Columbine and noted that in the current situation, the above priorities take precedence to winning a second Oscar and that he would prefer his fellow documentarians to have a chance to win the Oscar themselves. As early as 1985, some musicians were criticizing MTV for these reasons, perhaps most famously Dead Kennedys with "MTV − Get off the Air". Moore planned instead to submit and promote his film for the Best Picture Oscar, commenting: "For me the real Oscar would be Bush's defeat on Nov. Because of its visibility as a promotional tool for the recording industry, MTV has been criticized as overly commercial and accused of denigrating the importance of music in the music industry (replacing it with a purely visual aesthetic); this is an ongoing problem for punk and emo bands. On September 6, 2004, Moore announced that, because he was seeking a television airing of Fahrenheit 9/11 prior to the November presidential election, the film would not be submitted for consideration for a Best Documentary Oscar (from which a broadcast within nine months of release would disqualify the film under Oscar rules). This is in part because many young African-Americans prefer to watch BET rather than MTV. It contains Moore's sources for his allegations, audience e-mails about the film, film reviews, articles and political cartoons pertaining to the film.

Subsequently, MTV delved heavily into black musical acts, developing several hip-hop music-themed programs such as Yo! MTV Raps, and got rid of MTV X to make room for MTV Jams. A companion book, The Official Fahrenheit 9/11 Reader, was released at the same time. Shortly thereafter, the network began heavily featuring videos from Michael Jackson's album Thriller, in particular "Billie Jean" and "Thriller", and Prince's album 1999, in particular the videos for the title track and "Little Red Corvette". [13]. MTV executives countered by claiming that there were few—if any—promotional videos available from black and other minority acts, although artists such as Diana Ross and The Jacksons had been making music videos before MTV existed. About 2 million copies were sold on the first day. In its early years, MTV was criticized as racist, since the acts it featured were nearly exclusively white. In the first days of the release, the documentary broke records for the best-sold documentary ever.

MTV Networks and Viacom have launched numerous native-language MTV-branded music channels to countries worldwide. presidential election, in order to maximize its political impact. MTV recently broadcast a new Indian Pop Culture channel called MTV Desi and University-oriented channel mtvU. Moore stated that he wanted to release the movie for home viewing prior to the 2004 U.S. Viacom, parent company of the MTV Networks, is also behind VH1, which is aimed at celebrity and popular culture programming; and CMT, which targets the country music market. Fahrenheit 9/11 was released to DVD and VHS on October 5, 2004, an unusually short turnaround time after theatrical release. The advent of digital satellite and cable has also brought greater diversity including channels such as MTV2, which features the slogan "Where The Music's At." In the U.S., MTV2 initially focused on playing music videos and other music-related programming exclusively; in Europe, MTV2 plays specific genres of music (mainly alternative and rock). He also gave permission for the film to be downloaded onto personal computers.

In November 2004, MTV announced it would begin airing in February 2005 MTV Base in Africa, [2] thereby reaching the world's last major populated area previously not served by MTV. That issue is moot, anyway, since Moore decided consciously to forego Oscar eligibility in favor of a DVD release of the film — reportedly because he felt that it was more important to spread his message as widely as possible amongst American voters than to win another award. In 2004, MTV's parent company Viacom bought Germany's largest provider for music television Viva Media AG, thereby creating the largest company for music on the European mainland. However, soon after that story had been published, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences issued a statement denying this, saying, "If it was pirated or stolen or unauthorized we would not blame the producer or distributor for that." [12] In addition, Wild Bunch, the film's overseas distributor for Cuba, issued a statement denying a television deal had been struck with Cuban Television. In the fall of 2004, Ozzy Osbourne's reality show Battle for Ozzfest aired. It had been widely reported that this might affect its Oscar eligibility. The success of Newlyweds was followed in June 2004 by The Ashlee Simpson Show, which documented the beginnings of the music career of Ashlee Simpson, Jessica Simpson's younger sister. In Cuba, bootlegged versions of the film were shown in 120 theaters, followed by a prime-time television broadcast by the leading state-run network.

It has run for three seasons. I think it's quite natural." By refusing to condemn his film's use by Hezbollah, an organization that has been implicated in the killing and kidnapping of American civilians abroad and has been labeled a terrorist organization by the United States and European Union, Moore has been accused of de facto treason by some. In 2003, Newlyweds, another popular reality TV show that follows the lives of Jessica Simpson and Nick Lachey, a music celebrity couple, began. Having the support of such an entity in Lebanon is quite significant for that market and not at all controversial. television. Gianluca Chacra, managing director of Front Row Entertainment, the Middle East distributor for Fahrenheit 9/11, has stated, “We can't go against these organizations, as they could strongly boycott the film in Lebanon and Syria. The show went on to become one of the network's biggest ever success stories and kick-started a musical career for Kelly Osbourne, while Sharon Osbourne went on to host a talk show on U.S. In Lebanon, some student members of the group Hezbollah have asked if there was any way they could support the film.

In 2002, MTV aired the first episode of another reality show, The Osbournes, based on the everyday life of former, Black Sabbath frontman Ozzy Osbourne, his wife Sharon, and two of their children, Jack and Kelly. The film has been banned in Kuwait. The show ran for three seasons and spawned numerous imitations, including the currently running Fear Factor on NBC. In certain countries, the film was received as a confirmation of what informed people already knew, but critics still found the film effective because it had managed to cause controversy in the US. In 2000, MTV's Fear became the first 'scary' reality show where contestants filmed themselves. The film was a major success in most European countries. By the second half of the 1990s, MTV programming consisted primarily of non-music programming. Bush is prohibited by law from running [for presidency] again.".

MTV started off showing music videos nearly full-time, but as time passed they introduced a variety of other shows, including animated cartoons such as Beavis and Butt-head and Daria; "reality" shows such as The Real World and Road Rules; prank/comedic shows such as The Tom Green Show, Jackass, and Punk'd; and soap operas such as Undressed. The official mourning period is over today and there is a silver lining — George W. Today, MTV Networks also owns Nickelodeon, a cable channel airing children's and family programming. We're communicators and it's up to us to start doing it now. VH1 featured more popular music than MTV. They weren't told the truth. After MTV's programming shifted towards heavy metal and rap music, MTV Networks launched a second network, Video Hits 1 (VH-1), in 1985. Fifty-one percent of the American people lacked information [in this election] and we want to educate and enlighten them.

In 1992, the network would add a movie award show with similar success. We want to document it. Seen as a fit of self-indulgence by a fledgling network at the time, the "VMAs" developed into a music-industry showcase marketed as a hip antidote to the Grammy awards. On November 12, 2004, Moore announced his intention to produce a sequel to the film, to be entitled Fahrenheit 9/11 1/2. In an interview with Daily Variety, he stated, "We want to get cameras rolling now and have it ready in two, three years. In 1984 the network produced its first MTV Video Music Awards show. Furthermore, it was hoped that it would give heart to people who disagreed with Bush's policies, but felt their views were being marginalized. Madonna rose to fame on MTV in the 1980s, and to this day continues to use the network to promote her music. Nonetheless, Bush's critics hoped that the success of the film was an indication of wide public support for more open debate on the Bush administration's policies.

Michael Jackson launched the second wave of his career as an MTV staple. Despite Moore's energetic campaign in favor of Democratic challenger John Kerry, Bush was re-elected to a second term on November 2, 2004, albeit with a narrower margin of votes than any sitting US president in American history. 1980s bands immediately identifiable with MTV include Eurythmics, RATT, Culture Club, Def Leppard, Duran Duran and Bon Jovi. Bush's chances of re-election. A large number of rock stars of the 1980s and 1990s were made into household names by MTV. Partly because of the success of the film, it was widely debated what effect it would have on George W. Several noted film directors got their start creating music videos, including Spike Jonze, Michel Gondry, and David Fincher. There were also efforts by liberal groups such as MoveOn.org to encourage attendance in order to defy their political opponents' contrary efforts.

The early music videos that made up the bulk of the network's programming in the '80s were often crude promotional or concert clips from whatever sources could be found; as the popularity of the network rose, and record companies recognized the potential of the medium as a tool to gain recognition and publicity, they began to create increasingly elaborate clips specifically for the network. Moore credited part of this success to the efforts of conservative groups to pressure theaters not to run the film, conjecturing that these efforts backfired by creating publicity. The term VJ (video jockey) was coined, a play on the term DJ (disc jockey.) Many VJs eventually became celebrities in their own right. During the weekend of July 24, 2004, the film passed the $100 million mark in box-office receipts, again an unprecedented amount for a feature-length political documentary. Fresh-faced young men and women were hired to host the show's programming, and to introduce videos that were being played. The film was released in France on July 7, 2004 and in the UK on July 9, 2004. The early format of the network was modeled after Top 40 radio. theatrical run of any other feature-length documentary (including Moore's previous film, Bowling for Columbine).

(With similar tongue-in-cheek humor, the first video shown on MTV Europe was "Money for Nothing," by Dire Straits, which starts and finishes with repetition of the line "I want my MTV," voiced by Sting; on MTV Latino, the first video shown was "We Are Southamerican Rockers" by the Chilean band Los Prisioneros.). Its opening weekend earned more than the entire U.S. It went to air with the words, "Ladies and gentlemen, rock and roll!" Appropriately, the first music video shown on MTV was "Video Killed the Radio Star" by The Buggles (often wrongly attributed to one of their contemporaries with a similar name, The Bangles). and Canada, making it the weekend's top-grossing film, despite having been screened in only 868 theaters (many of the weekend's other top movies played on over 2,500 screens). MTV started in New York City but was available in most of the United States by the mid-1980s with the nationwide expansion of cable. On its opening weekend of June 25–June 27, this film generated box-office revenue of $23.9 million in the U.S. [1]. He also said that, despite the fact that Moore's talent was "not in doubt," he had won the award "for political rather than cinematographic reasons, no matter what the jury said." [11].

The programming was created by the visionary music producer, Bob Pittman, who later became president and chief executive officer, of MTV Networks. In comments to the prize-winning jury in 2005, however, Cannes director Gilles Jacob said they should make their decision based on film-making rather than politics — a clear reference to Fahrenheit 9/11. At midnight on August 1, 1981, the format was changed to music video (using a concept originally devised and sold to Warner Amex by Michael Nesmith, previously a member of the hit pop band The Monkees), and the name was changed to "MTV—Music Television". We awarded the art of cinema, that is what won you this award and we wanted you to know that as a fellow filmmaker.'". The popularity of the channel prompted Warner Amex to market the channel nationally to other cable services. Some of us have no politics. One of these specialized channels was Sight On Sound, a music channel that featured concert footage and music oriented TV programs; with the interactive Qube service, viewers could vote for their favorite songs and artists. We are not here to give a political award.

The Qube system offered many specialized channels, including a children's channel called Pinwheel which would later become Nickelodeon. He also responded to claims that the award was political: "Quentin [Tarantino] whispered in my ear, 'we want you to know that it was not the politics of your film that won you this award. MTV's roots can be traced back to 1977, when Warner-Amex Cable (a joint venture between Warner Communications and American Express) launched the first two-way interactive cable TV system, Qube, in Columbus, Ohio. [...] This is not a French award, it was given by an international jury dominated by Americans.". . Four out of nine were American. In the 90's, MTV was often considered to be the driving force in American pop culture, but this influence has dramatically declined. Some conservatives in the United States, such as Jon Alvarez of Patriotic Americans Boycotting Anti-American Hollywood (PABAAH), commented [10] that such an award could be expected from "the French" (see Anti-Americanism, Anti-French sentiment in the United States); Moore responded: "There was only one French citizen on the jury.

MTV's combination of music videos, youthful video jockeys, irreverent commentary, promotion of special rock concerts, and news and documentaries about bands and performers established the network's popularity with youthful viewers, and it became a leading promoter of new rock music and rock musicians. Just like his much-publicized Oscar acceptance speech, Moore's speech in Cannes included some opinionated statements:. In 1985, it was acquired by Viacom Inc., and was folded into MTV Networks, becoming a wholly owned subsidiary. It was the first documentary to win that award since Jacques Cousteau and Louis Malle's The Silent World in 1956. The network was founded on August 1, 1981 as an operation of Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment, a joint venture of Warner Communications and American Express. On May 22, 2004, the film was awarded the Palme d'Or. Originally devoted to music videos, especially popular rock music, MTV later became an outlet for a variety of different material aimed at adolescents and young adults. After its first showing in Cannes in May of 2004, the film received a 20-minute standing ovation, which Cannes artistic director Thierry Frémaux declared "the longest standing ovation in the history of the festival." (According to French news the standing ovation was over 23 minutes long).

MTV: Music Television is a young adult cable television network headquartered in New York City. In April 2004 the film was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or at the 57th Cannes Film Festival. The opening track on Pantera's "The Great Southern Trendkill" song with the same name include the lyrics, "Buy it at a store, From MTV to on the floor, You look just like a star, It's proof you dont know who you are.". The film is also dedicated to "countless thousands" of civilian victims of war as a result of United States military activities in Iraq and Afghanistan. XLR was directed by Chris Prynoski, a former MTV animator whose own show (Downtown) had been cancelled by MTV years ago. The movie is dedicated to Moore's friend who was killed in the World Trade Center attacks on September 11, 2001, and to those servicemen and women from Flint, Michigan, who have been killed in Iraq. Cartoon series Megas XLR frequently features the destruction of billboards and other paraphernilia for a group called "PoP TV", whose symbol is clearly based on the MTV Logo. President, we agree with you.".

Lyrics to Beck's "MTV Makes Me Wanna Smoke Crack" include "MTV makes me wanna burn flesh!/Having an orgy down in the satellite dish!". Fool me twice, shame on me." What he came up with combined part of that maxim with the title of The Who song "Won't Get Fooled Again." In the context of the film, Moore is tying the clip back to the beginning of the film to imply Moore's hope that the American public would not be "fooled again." After the clip, Moore is heard saying, "For once Mr. Lyrics to Reel Big Fish's "Don't Start A Band" include "And even if you make itall the way to MTV/I don't think you could take it all the bullshit and the greed.". You fool me you can't get fooled again." He was presumably trying to say, "Fool me once, shame on you. Lyrics to Manowar's "Blow Your Speakers" include "Wrote a letter to the MTV/What’s goin’ on now/Don’t ya care about me.". Bush stumbling through the saying: "There's an old saying in Tennessee — I know it's in Texas, it's probably in Tennessee — that says, fool me once, shame on — shame on you. Bowling for Soup's "1985," contains the line, "Bring back Springsteen, Madonna, way before Nirvana there was U2 and Blondie, and music still on MTV.". The film ends with a clip of George W.

The song "MTV − Get off the Air" by the Dead Kennedys was a protest against the content and style of music that dominated MTV during the '80s. In the beginning of the documentary, Moore focuses on the 2000 election with footage of a hypothetical Gore victory and in the process states his opinion that the public was fooled. The declining popularity of MTV was noted as Bart scrawled "I no longer want my MTV" in a Simpsons' season 9 chalkboard gag; a parody of Dire Straits' 1985 song "Money for Nothing.". Will they ever trust us again?" However, earlier in the film, he asserts that the large proportion of working-class people in the military can be mainly attributed to a lack of other career options. George Michael's "Freedom '90" makes reference to the pressures the network placed on visual image: "I went back home, got a brand new face / For the boys at MTV". And all they ask for in return, is that we never send them into harm's way unless it's absolutely necessary. "Habla Tu MTV". It is remarkable — their gift to us.

"MTV Ayos" (MTV Philippines). They offer to give up their lives so that we can be free. "MTV Gue Banget"(MTV indonesia,2001-present). They serve so that we don't have to. "Nongkrong di MTV" (Slogan in MTV Asia for MTV Indonesia before MTV Indonesia aired (1997-2001). Near the end, tying together several themes and points, Moore compliments those serving in the US military, "I've always been amazed that the very people forced to live in the worst parts of town, go to the worst schools, and who have it the hardest, are always the first to step up, to defend that very system. "MTV Enjoy". He accosts Congressmen on the sidewalk to give them United States armed forces pamphlets and to urge them to have their children enlist.

"Just See MTV". He also comments that only a single Congressman has children serving in Iraq. "Best Watch Your MTVs". Upon learning that most members of Congress had not read the USA Patriot Act before passing it, Moore drives around the Capitol in an ice cream truck, reading the statute over a loudspeaker. "Not on TV, on M-TV". As in his other movies, Moore uses humor to enliven his argument. "Think". As she talks with a protester in a tent, they are confronted by a woman who claims that the protester's exhibits are "all staged." Lipscomb asks her if her son's death was staged also.

Best watch your MTV's". Toward the end of the film, Lipscomb was shown walking up to the security barrier surrounding the White House, (she had invited Moore's crew to join her on a job conference to Washington, DC.) She expressed her difficulty in coming to terms with the place and in realizing how the decisions made there would ultimately bring about the death of her son. "Don't let Jerry Win. Anguished and tearful, she expressed questions about the war's purpose and how that came to take the life of her son. "I Like..." (MTV Asia). Later in the film, Lipscomb reappears, this time in tears with her family, after hearing of the death of her son, Michael Pederson, who was killed on April 2, 2003, in Karbala. The fact that since then MTV has played very little music may also add to why this slogan was dropped.). She praised the Army's active recruitment in the low-income town, saying enlistment was a good option for young people to get a start on life.

"The Number One Music Channel" (slogan used for MTV UK from 2000 to 2002 as the channel broadcasts on digital cable and digital satellite, the slogan was axed in 2003. The Flint segment also focused on a strong war supporter named Lila Lipscomb, who had a daughter in the 1991 Persian Gulf War and now had a son serving in Iraq. "I love my MTV". The segment showed the techniques and minor flatteries by which they made personal contact with people, asking questions and making suggestions that interests such as music and basketball would be avenues available to pursue through the military. "MT-blah: Blah-blah Tele-blah". In the economically hard-hit town, Moore explained that Flint's low-income neighborhoods were a prime target of military recruiters, and followed two Marine recruiters in uniform, during the course of actively recruiting young men for enlistment. "MTV News: You Hear it First". Like all other Moore films, Fahrenheit 9/11 featured extensive focus on the impact of the Iraq War on Flint.

"M-m-m-m T-t-t-t V-v-v-v". Moore obtained footage of the preparation for the televised announcement of the Iraq war, where Bush "mugs" for the camera, seconds before uttering "My fellow Americans...". "Watch and Learn". It also shows a business convention where numerous corporate representatives attend and hear a pitch about how much money companies can make through the conflict in Iraq. "Some People Just Don't Get It". The documentary touches on other themes as well, discussing reduction in the number of people enlisting in the military because of the war, and US military recruiters using some questionable pledges to get new sign-ups; particularly targeting poorer neighborhoods. "MTV Lives In Your Music". Moore's uncensored copy was from 2000, and the restrictions did not take effect until 2003.) Moore contends that Bush's dry-hole oil well attempts were partially funded by the Saudis and, in fact, by bin Laden family money.

Proud as a Moon Man" ("Weird Al" Yankovic's spoof of NBC's 1979-1981 slogan Proud as a Peacock). (This may have been due to HIPAA restrictions on the release of medical records, in this case the record showing Bath's suspension for not taking an exam. "MTV.. Bath, a Guard friend of Bush's who went on to work as a financial agent for the Saudis and helped channel Saudi money to one of Bush's businesses. "I want my MTV". The difference between the versions is that the White House blacked out the name of James R. 3 South. Bush's Air National Guard service record — first the censored copy produced by the White House, then an uncensored copy that Moore had obtained a few years earlier.

Liquid Television. Moore shows a Vietnam war-era document of George W. Spy Groove. The next scene is of Bush sitting in a Florida classroom, holding a book called Reading Mastery 2, for seven minutes after being told there was a second airplane crash into the World Trade Center. The Maxx. Many of the scenes also depict Bush playing golf with family, fishing, and feeding his dog, and other scenes show him being heckled by reporters over his poor productivity during the time before September 11th. Æon Flux. [9].

Cartoon Sushi. The figure comes from a Washington Post article that concludes Bush spent "a whopping 54 days at his Texas ranch, 38 days at the presidential retreat at Camp David and four more at his parents' place in Kennebunkport, Maine." Critics dispute this figure as misleading, remarking that it includes visits by foreign dignitaries as vacation time. Undergrads. Bush's ascension to power and alleges a 42-percent vacation rate before September 11, 2001. Quads!. The film begins with George W. Downtown. In it, he stated that he was obtaining footage directly from Iraq:.

Daria. In April 2004, Moore posted a note on his web site regarding the progress of the film. Clone High. By contrast, Moore refrained from using the familiar footage of the September 11 attacks, but instead presented a blank screen with only the sounds of the incident, then cut to reactions of onlookers of the attacks. Celebrity Deathmatch. One brief clip shows a public beheading filmed in Jidda, Saudi Arabia. Beavis and Butt-head. The film also shows US soldiers with amputations and nerve damage.

The film contains numerous graphic clips of military and civilian casualties in the Iraq war, including dead and mutilated bodies, as well as footage of American soldiers deployed to Iraq who use music as a "Soundtrack to War". One of his primary sources for these claims is the book House of Bush, House of Saud by Craig Unger. In this vein, he also examines the government-sponsored evacuation of relatives of Osama bin Laden after the attacks. Although the business connections between the Bush family and various high-ranking Saudis are not disputed, they are not widely known, and Moore has previously alleged that the Bush administration turned a blind eye to Saudi links to terrorist groups, (most of the September 11 hijackers were Saudis).

[7] (See Bush family conspiracy theory.). The links form a relationship spanning three decades, supposedly worth $1.4 billion to the Bush family and their friends and associates. In the film, Moore also describes the links between the Bush family and associated persons, such as prominent Saudi Arabian families, including the Saudi royal family and the family of Osama bin Laden. The film discusses the causes and aftermath of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, including the 2003 invasion of Iraq and the U.S.-led occupation of Iraq.

. [5] The film has grossed a further $99 million overseas.[6]. box office, and over US$220 million worldwide, an unprecedented amount for a political documentary; Sony reported first-day DVD sales of two million copies, again a new record for the genre. As of January, 2005, the film has grossed nearly US$120 million in U.S.

The film debuted at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival in the documentary film category and was awarded the Palme d'Or (Golden Palm), the festival's highest award, by an international jury (four Americans, four Europeans, and one Asian). [2][3][4]. Moore himself has called it an "op-ed piece" while vehemently defending its factual accuracy. The film has been denounced by some as misleading propaganda, and praised by others as a valuable perspective on the Bush administration's response to 9/11 that the American media have not broadcast.

One of Moore's stated aims in making the documentary was to prevent Bush from being reelected in 2004. political scene." [1] The documentary has another theme of criticizing the American corporate media for being "cheerleaders" for the war in Iraq, and not providing an accurate and objective analysis of what led to the Iraq invasion and the resulting civilian casualties there. The Los Angeles Times described the film as "an alternate history of the last four years on the U.S. Bush and the War on Terrorism.

It presents a critical look at the administration of George W. The film generated a great deal of controversy. It was named after Ray Bradbury's dystopian Science Fiction novel Fahrenheit 451. The film has since been released in 42 more countries and holds the record for highest box office receipts by a general release documentary.

Fahrenheit 9/11 is a high-grossing, award-winning documentary film by American filmmaker and liberal activist Michael Moore, which had a general release in the United States and Canada on June 25, 2004 in the run up to the presidential election.