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Hotel

A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging, usually on a short-term basis and especially for tourists. Hotels often provide a number of additional guest services such as a restaurant, a swimming pool or childcare. Some hotels have conference services and encourage groups to hold conventions and meetings at their location.

Hotels differ from motels in that most motels have drive-up, exterior entrances to the rooms, while hotels tend to have interior entrances to the rooms, making them safer and more relaxing to people.

Origins of the term

The word hotel derives from the French hôtel, which originally referred to a French version of a townhouse, not a place offering accommodation (in contemporary usage, hôtel has the meaning of "hotel", and hôtel particulier is used for the old meaning). The French spelling (with the circumflex) was once also used in English, but is now rare. The circumflex replaces the 's' once preceding the 't' in the earlier hostel spelling, which over time received a new, but closely related meaning.

Services and facilities

Basic accommodation of a room with a bed, a cupboard, a small table and a washstand only has largely been replaced by rooms with en-suite bathrooms and climate control. Other features found may be a telephone, an alarm clock, a TV, and broadband Internet connectivity. Food and drink may be supplied by a mini-bar (which often includes a small refrigerator) containing snacks and drinks (to be paid for on departure), and tea and coffee making facilities (cups, spoons, an electric kettle and sachets containing instant coffee, tea bags, sugar, and creamer or milk).

In the United Kingdom a hotel is required by law to serve food and drinks to all-comers within certain stated hours; to avoid this requirement it is not uncommon to come across "private hotels" which are not subject to this requirement.

However, in Japan the capsule hotel supplies minimal facilities and room space.

Classification

The cost and quality of hotels are usually indicative of the range and type of services available. Due to the enormous increase in tourism worldwide during the last decades of the 20th century, standards, especially those of smaller establishments, have improved considerably. For the sake of greater comparability, rating systems have been introduced, with the one to five stars classification being most common.

Boutique hotels

"Boutique Hotel" is a term originating in North America to describe intimate, usually luxurious or quirky hotel environments. Boutique hotels differentiate themselves from larger chain or branded hotels by providing an exceptional and personalized level accommodation, services and facilities.

Typically boutique hotels are furnished in a themed, stylish and/or aspirational manner. Although usually considerably smaller than a mainstream hotel (ranging from 3 to 100 guest rooms) boutique hotels are generally fitted with telephony and wi-fi Internet connections, honesty bars and often cable/pay TV. Guest services are attended to by 24 hour hotel staff. Many boutique hotels have on site dining facilities, and the majority offer bars and lounges which may also be open to the general public.

Of the total travel market a small percentage are discerning travelers, who place a high importance on privacy, luxury and service delivery. As this market is typically corporate travelers, the market segment is referral-rich, non-seasonal, high-yielding and repeat, and therefore one which boutique hotel operators target as their primary source of income.


Famous Hotels

Most world famous hotels have gained their renown through tradition, by hosting significant events or persons, such as Schloss Cecilienhof in Potsdam, Germany, which derives its fame from the so-called Potsdam Conference of the World War II allies Winston Churchill, Harry Truman and Joseph Stalin in 1945. Other establisments have given name to a particular meal or beverage, as is the case with the Waldorf Astoria in New York City, USA, known for its Waldorf Salad or the Raffles Hotel in Singapore, where the drink Singapore Sling was invented. Another example is the Hotel Sacher in Vienna Austria, home of the Sachertorte.

A number of hotels have entered the public concsiousness through popular culture, such as the Ritz Hotel in London, UK ('Putting on The Ritz') and Hotel Chelsea in New York City, subject of a number of songs and also the scene of the alleged stabbing of Nancy Spungen by her boyfriend Sid Vicious. Hotels that enter popular folklore like these two are also often frequented by celebrities, as is the case both with the Ritz and the Chelsea. Other such establishments include the Beverly Hills Hotel and the Chateau Marmont, both in in California, USA.

The Burj Al Arab in Dubai, held to be the most luxurious in the world, also merits a mention.

Unusual hotels

The first of the Ariau towers

Treehouse hotels

Some hotels, such as the Costa Rica Tree House in the Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge, Costa Rica, or Treetops Hotel in Aberdares National Park, Kenya, are built with living trees as structural elements, making them treehouses.

The Ariau Towers near Manaus, Brazil is a well-known hotel, in the middle of the Amazon, on the Rio Negro. Bill Gates even invested and had a suite built there with satellite internet/phone.

Cave hotels

Desert Cave Hotel in Coober Pedy, South Australia and the Cuevas Pedro Antonio de Alarcón (named after the author) in Guadix, Spain, as well as several hotels in Cappadocia, Turkey, are notable for being built into natural cave formations, some with rooms underground.

Ice hotels

Main article: Ice hotel

Ice hotels, such as the canonical Ice Hotel in Jukkasjärvi, Sweden, melt every spring and are rebuilt out of ice and snow every winter.

Underwater hotels

As of 2005, the only hotel with an underwater room that can be reached without Scuba diving is Utter Inn in Lake Mälaren, Sweden. It only has one room, however, and Jules' Undersea Lodge in Key Largo, Florida, which requires scuba diving, is not much bigger.

Hydropolis is an ambitious project to build a luxury hotel in Dubai, UAE, with 220 suites, all on the bottom of the Persian Gulf, 20 meters (66 feet) below the surface. Its architecture will feature two domes that break the surface and an underwater train tunnel, all made of transparent materials such as glass and acrylic.

Other unusual hotels

The Library Hotel in New York City is unique in that its ten floors are arranged according to the Dewey Decimal System.


Typical high-rise urban chain hotel: Westin in Cincinnati, Ohio.

World-record setting hotels

Tallest

The tallest hotel in the world is the Burj al-Arab in Dubai, at 321 meters (1,053 feet). However, this title may be taken by the less illustrious Ryugyong Hotel in Pyongyang at 330 meters (1,083 feet), pending its (perhaps unlikely) completion; it has been under construction since 1987 and was abandoned in 1992.

Largest

The largest hotel in the world is the Ambassador City Jomtien resort, in Jomtien, near Pattaya, Thailand, at 5,100 rooms. It is a resort complex with a number of buildings, but the exact room count has not been independently verified. In 2000, the First World Hotel, in Genting Highlands, Malaysia, claimed that it was in the process of developing a 6,300-room hotel complex; however, it appears that only about 3,000 rooms have been built and opened to the public.

The largest single-building hotel is the MGM Grand Las Vegas in Las Vegas, Nevada, with 5,005 rooms. Third place belongs to the Luxor Hotel, also in Las Vegas, with 4,408 rooms. According to About.com, 8 of the top 10 largest hotels are in Las Vegas.

Oldest

According to the Guinness Book of World Records, the oldest hotel still in operation is the Hoshi Ryokan, in Awazu, Japan. It opened in 717 CE, and features hot springs.

Hotels in fiction

Hotels have often been chosen by authors as the setting of their literary works. They are perfect for mysterious, anonymous settings where multiple characters may gather in equal positions. It is especially true of crime fiction, farces, and mysteries. Hotels also feature in films , television series, songs and even theme park rides.

Examples:

  • Grand Hotel
  • Room Service
  • Plaza Suite
  • Tipton Hotel on Disney Channel's "The Suite Life of Zack and Cody"
  • The Hotel New Hampshire
  • Fawlty Towers
  • White Horse Inn
  • Hotelier
  • "Hotel California"
  • Agatha Christie's Evil Under the Sun
  • A Caribbean Mystery
  • At Bertram's Hotel
  • Cyril Hare's Suicide Excepted
  • Hotel Rwanda
  • "Hollywood Tower Hotel" (ride at Disney-MGM Studios, Orlando, Florida)
  • The Overlook Hotel from The Shining
  • Hotel

Other usage

In Australia, the word "hotel" often refers to a public house, a drinking establishment which does not necessarily provide accommodations. In India, the word may also refer to a restaurant, since earlier the best restaurants were always situated next to a good hotel.


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In India, the word may also refer to a restaurant, since earlier the best restaurants were always situated next to a good hotel. Proof of this good health, in 2005, for the first time in its history, Citroën is planned to reach a total worldwide production of 1,000,000 cars. In Australia, the word "hotel" often refers to a public house, a drinking establishment which does not necessarily provide accommodations. The introduction of even newer models, such as the long-awaited XM replacement, the C6, indicates Citroën's continued commitment to innovation in the 21st century. Examples:. It has even expanded into new markets, for example in China where the C3 and Xsara are alongside the ZX Fukang and Elysée local models. Hotels also feature in films , television series, songs and even theme park rides. In spite of the problems between Peugeot and Citroën, Citroën has continued its tradition for innovation, exemplified by new vehicles such as the C2 and the Xsara Picasso.

It is especially true of crime fiction, farces, and mysteries. The ubiquitous 2CV was finally killed off in 1990, production having moved from France to Portugal. They are perfect for mysterious, anonymous settings where multiple characters may gather in equal positions. Citroën's ambitious attitude to engineering and styling was squeezed out in favor of Peugeot conservatism. Hotels have often been chosen by authors as the setting of their literary works. Citroën developed a small car for production in Romania known as the Oltcit, which it also sold as the Citroën Axel. It opened in 717 CE, and features hot springs. The XM, for example, used the same engines and floorpan as the Peugeot 605, and the Xantia of 1993 was identical under the skin to the Peugeot 406.

According to the Guinness Book of World Records, the oldest hotel still in operation is the Hoshi Ryokan, in Awazu, Japan. By the late 1980s, PSA used extensive platform sharing. According to About.com, 8 of the top 10 largest hotels are in Las Vegas. The BX of 1982 still used the hydropneumatic suspension system, but was powered by Peugeot-derived engines. Third place belongs to the Luxor Hotel, also in Las Vegas, with 4,408 rooms. In the 1980s, Citroën models were increasingly Peugeot-based. The largest single-building hotel is the MGM Grand Las Vegas in Las Vegas, Nevada, with 5,005 rooms. The combined company was known as PSA Peugeot Citroën, PSA sold off Maserati to DeTomaso soon after.

In 2000, the First World Hotel, in Genting Highlands, Malaysia, claimed that it was in the process of developing a 6,300-room hotel complex; however, it appears that only about 3,000 rooms have been built and opened to the public. Huge losses caused by failure of the Maserati tie-up coupled with crippling warranty costs by the unreliable GS and high development cost of CX led to Peugeot taking over Citroën in 1976. It is a resort complex with a number of buildings, but the exact room count has not been independently verified. This maneuver was unfortunately-timed, with the impending 1973 energy crisis soon to make GT manufacture unprofitable. The largest hotel in the world is the Ambassador City Jomtien resort, in Jomtien, near Pattaya, Thailand, at 5,100 rooms. In 1967 Citroën took control of Maserati, the Italian sports car maker and launched the sports car/Grand Tourer SM, which contained a V6 Maserati engine. However, this title may be taken by the less illustrious Ryugyong Hotel in Pyongyang at 330 meters (1,083 feet), pending its (perhaps unlikely) completion; it has been under construction since 1987 and was abandoned in 1992. DS/ID).

The tallest hotel in the world is the Burj al-Arab in Dubai, at 321 meters (1,053 feet). 2CV/Ami) and large, expensive cars (e.g.
. In 1965 Citroën took over the French carmaker Panhard in the hope of using Panhard's expertise in midsize cars to complement its own range of very small, cheap cars (e.g. The Library Hotel in New York City is unique in that its ten floors are arranged according to the Dewey Decimal System. During Citroën's venture with Maserati the Citroën high pressure hydraulic system was used on several Maserati models for power clutch operation (Bora), power pedals adjustment (Bora), pop-up headlights (Bora, Merak) and brakes (Bora, Merak), and the entire Quattroporte II prototype, which was a four-door Citroën SM under the skin. Its architecture will feature two domes that break the surface and an underwater train tunnel, all made of transparent materials such as glass and acrylic. This high-pressure hydraulic system would form the basis of many Citroën cars, including the SM, GS, CX, BX, XM, Xantia and C5.

Hydropolis is an ambitious project to build a luxury hotel in Dubai, UAE, with 220 suites, all on the bottom of the Persian Gulf, 20 meters (66 feet) below the surface. The same high-pressure system was used to activate pistons located in the gearbox cover to shift the gears in the transmission (gearbox in British - in French transmission means driveshaft) and operate the clutch on their "Citromatic", Citroën's version of a semi-automatic transmission. It only has one room, however, and Jules' Undersea Lodge in Key Largo, Florida, which requires scuba diving, is not much bigger. The DS featured power steering, power brakes and suspension and, from 1968, directional headlights . As of 2005, the only hotel with an underwater room that can be reached without Scuba diving is Utter Inn in Lake Mälaren, Sweden. 1955 saw the introduction of the DS, which was the first full usage of Citroën's now legendary hydropneumatic suspension system that was first tested on the rear suspension of the last of the Tractions. Ice hotels, such as the canonical Ice Hotel in Jukkasjärvi, Sweden, melt every spring and are rebuilt out of ice and snow every winter. This car become a bestseller and even a 4wd version with 2 engines (Sahara)were sold in limited numbers.

Main article: Ice hotel. Citroën unveiled the 2CV at the Paris Salon in 1948. Desert Cave Hotel in Coober Pedy, South Australia and the Cuevas Pedro Antonio de Alarcón (named after the author) in Guadix, Spain, as well as several hotels in Cappadocia, Turkey, are notable for being built into natural cave formations, some with rooms underground. In 1934, debt forced the company into foreclosure; it was then taken over by its biggest creditor, the tire company Michelin. Bill Gates even invested and had a suite built there with satellite internet/phone. The expeditions conveyed scientists and journalists and were a publicity success. The Ariau Towers near Manaus, Brazil is a well-known hotel, in the middle of the Amazon, on the Rio Negro. Citroën also sponsored some expeditions in Asia (Croisière Jaune) and Africa (Croisière Noire), intended to demonstrate the potential for motor vehicles to cross inhospitable regions.

Some hotels, such as the Costa Rica Tree House in the Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge, Costa Rica, or Treetops Hotel in Aberdares National Park, Kenya, are built with living trees as structural elements, making them treehouses. Achieving quick development of the Traction Avant was, of course, expensive and contributed to the financial ruin of the company. The Burj Al Arab in Dubai, held to be the most luxurious in the world, also merits a mention. That encouraged André Citroën to develop the Traction Avant, a car so innovative that to it the competition would have no response. Other such establishments include the Beverly Hills Hotel and the Chateau Marmont, both in in California, USA. The Citroëns sold in large quantities despite the stylistic drawback, but the car's low price was the main selling point and Citroën experienced heavy losses. Hotels that enter popular folklore like these two are also often frequented by celebrities, as is the case both with the Ritz and the Chelsea. Citroën had no way to redesign the body of his cars and the cars began to be perceived as old-fashioned.

A number of hotels have entered the public concsiousness through popular culture, such as the Ritz Hotel in London, UK ('Putting on The Ritz') and Hotel Chelsea in New York City, subject of a number of songs and also the scene of the alleged stabbing of Nancy Spungen by her boyfriend Sid Vicious. But soon competitors, who still used a wood structure for their bodies, introduced aerodynamic body designs on their cars. Another example is the Hotel Sacher in Vienna Austria, home of the Sachertorte. In the beginning, the cars were successful. Other establisments have given name to a particular meal or beverage, as is the case with the Waldorf Astoria in New York City, USA, known for its Waldorf Salad or the Raffles Hotel in Singapore, where the drink Singapore Sling was invented. These cars would set the pattern to be followed thirty years later by the Mini, Volkswagen and nearly every other manufacturer. Most world famous hotels have gained their renown through tradition, by hosting significant events or persons, such as Schloss Cecilienhof in Potsdam, Germany, which derives its fame from the so-called Potsdam Conference of the World War II allies Winston Churchill, Harry Truman and Joseph Stalin in 1945. It was this prototype that evolved into the Onze Légère and 7 CV (5 kW) Traction Avant of 1934.


. By 1930, Budd had created a prototype for Citroën with a unibody and front wheel drive. As this market is typically corporate travelers, the market segment is referral-rich, non-seasonal, high-yielding and repeat, and therefore one which boutique hotel operators target as their primary source of income. In 1928, Citroën introduced the first all-steel body in Europe. Of the total travel market a small percentage are discerning travelers, who place a high importance on privacy, luxury and service delivery. Budd went on to manufacture steel bodies for many automakers, Dodge being his first big auto client. Many boutique hotels have on site dining facilities, and the majority offer bars and lounges which may also be open to the general public. From 1899, Budd had worked to develop pressed-steel bodies for railroad cars, Pullman in particular.

Guest services are attended to by 24 hour hotel staff. Budd. Although usually considerably smaller than a mainstream hotel (ranging from 3 to 100 guest rooms) boutique hotels are generally fitted with telephony and wi-fi Internet connections, honesty bars and often cable/pay TV. In 1924, Citroën began a relationship with American engineer Edward G. Typically boutique hotels are furnished in a themed, stylish and/or aspirational manner. In 1919, however, the business started to produce automobiles, beginning with the conventional Type A. Boutique hotels differentiate themselves from larger chain or branded hotels by providing an exceptional and personalized level accommodation, services and facilities. After serving in the French army, he set up a gear-making business, which became identified with the "herringbone" or double helical gear, which is the origin of the Citroën "double chevron" trademark.

"Boutique Hotel" is a term originating in North America to describe intimate, usually luxurious or quirky hotel environments. The story of Citroën begins with the founder of the company himself, André Citroën. For the sake of greater comparability, rating systems have been introduced, with the one to five stars classification being most common. . Due to the enormous increase in tourism worldwide during the last decades of the 20th century, standards, especially those of smaller establishments, have improved considerably. Later significant models include the H Van (1947-1981, "HY"), 2CV (1948-1990, The "Ugly Duckling"), DS (1955-1975, "Goddess") and CX (1974-1989). The cost and quality of hotels are usually indicative of the range and type of services available. Until the late 1980s the company had a reputation for approaching auto design in a unique way.

However, in Japan the capsule hotel supplies minimal facilities and room space. Originally a mass-market car maker with relatively straightforward designs, Citroën shocked the world in 1934 with the innovative Traction Avant (front wheel drive) (1934-1956). In the United Kingdom a hotel is required by law to serve food and drinks to all-comers within certain stated hours; to avoid this requirement it is not uncommon to come across "private hotels" which are not subject to this requirement. Its headquarters are located in Paris, rue Fructidor. Food and drink may be supplied by a mini-bar (which often includes a small refrigerator) containing snacks and drinks (to be paid for on departure), and tea and coffee making facilities (cups, spoons, an electric kettle and sachets containing instant coffee, tea bags, sugar, and creamer or milk). Citroën is a French automobile manufacturer, started in 1919 by André Citroën, today part of PSA Peugeot Citroën. Other features found may be a telephone, an alarm clock, a TV, and broadband Internet connectivity. 2005: Citroën C4.

Basic accommodation of a room with a bed, a cupboard, a small table and a washstand only has largely been replaced by rooms with en-suite bathrooms and climate control. 2003: Citroën C3. The circumflex replaces the 's' once preceding the 't' in the earlier hostel spelling, which over time received a new, but closely related meaning. 1994: Citroën Xantia. The French spelling (with the circumflex) was once also used in English, but is now rare. 1988: Citroën AX. The word hotel derives from the French hôtel, which originally referred to a French version of a townhouse, not a place offering accommodation (in contemporary usage, hôtel has the meaning of "hotel", and hôtel particulier is used for the old meaning). 1979: Citroën Visa.

. 1990: Citroën XM. Hotels differ from motels in that most motels have drive-up, exterior entrances to the rooms, while hotels tend to have interior entrances to the rooms, making them safer and more relaxing to people. 1975: Citroën CX. Some hotels have conference services and encourage groups to hold conventions and meetings at their location. 1971: Citroën GS. Hotels often provide a number of additional guest services such as a restaurant, a swimming pool or childcare. Some models, like the Citroën RE2, have been flight tested and still exist.

A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging, usually on a short-term basis and especially for tourists. Citroën also investigated in the early seventies the possibility to produce helicopters using the Wankel engines manufactured by its subsidiary Comotor. Hotel. In 2004 and 2005, French driver Sébastien Loeb won the Driver's Championship driving the Citroën Xsara WRC. The Overlook Hotel from The Shining. Citroën is a major competitor in the World Rally Championship, winning the constructor title in 2003, 2004 and 2005. "Hollywood Tower Hotel" (ride at Disney-MGM Studios, Orlando, Florida). The company's famous "double chevron" logo derives from André Citroën's early business in gear-cutting the company pioneered mass production of double helically-cut gear teeth, which mesh together in a chevron.

Hotel Rwanda. An old-fashioned nickname for Citroën cars is Citron (lemon, in French). Cyril Hare's Suicide Excepted. André Citroën's originally Dutch language family name was Citroen, meaning "lemon", as one of his grandfathers was a citrus seller ("limoenman") on Amsterdam's street markets. At Bertram's Hotel. C-Airplay Concept car (2005). A Caribbean Mystery. C-SportLounge Concept car (2005).

Agatha Christie's Evil Under the Sun. C-Airlounge Concept car (2003). "Hotel California". C-Airdream Concept car (2002). Hotelier. C-Crosser Concept car (2001). White Horse Inn. Pluriel Concept car (1999).

Fawlty Towers. Osée Pininfarina Concept car. The Hotel New Hampshire. C6 Lignage Concept car (1999). Tipton Hotel on Disney Channel's "The Suite Life of Zack and Cody". C3 Lumière Concept car (1998). Plaza Suite. Tulip (1995).

Room Service. Osmose Concept car. Grand Hotel. Xanae Concept car 1994. Citella (1992). Activa II (1990).

Activa (1988). Zabrus Bertone Concept car (1986). Eole Concept car (1986). Eco 2000 (1984).

Xenia (1981). Karin (1980). C44 (1980). Prototype Y.

2CV Pop (1973). GS Camargue (1972). Mini-Zup (1972). Project F.

C-60. Prototype C or Coccinelle. G Van. Citroën Traction Avant 22CV.

350 to 850 aka Belphegor. U23. P46. P45 (1934-1953).

ZX (1991-1997). Xsara (1997- ). Xantia (1993-2001). XM (1989-2000).

Visa (1978-1988). Type C C4-C6 (1928-1934). Type C C2-C3 (1922-1926). Type B (1921-1928).

Type A (1919-1921). TUB (1939-1941). Traction Avant (1934-1957). SM (1970-1975).

Saxo (1995-2003 ). Méhari (1968-1987). M35 (1970-1971). LNA (1978-1986).

LN (1976-1979). Jumper (1994- ). Jumpy (1995- ). H Van (1947-1981).

GS and GSA (1970-1984). FAF. Evasion (1994-2002). Elysée ZX derivative for the Chinese market.

DS/ID (1955-1975). Dyane (1967-1984). C35 (1974-1992). C25 (1981-1993).

C15 (1984-2005). C8 (2002- ). C7 (2007- ). C6 (2005- ).

C5 (2001- ). C4 (2004- ). C3 (2003- ). C2 (2004- ).

C1 (2005- ). CX (1974-1989). BX (1982-1994). Berlingo (1996- ).

AX (1986-1998). Axel (1984-1988). Ami Super (1973-1976). Ami 8 (1969-1979).

Ami 6 (1961-1971). Acadiane (1978-1987). 10CV. 8CV Rosalie (1932-1935).

2CV (1948-1990).