Helios

It seems to be a modern meta-myth that literary references to Phoebus and his car or to Phoebus and his chariot refer to Phoebus Apollo in the role of sun god, rather than to Helios. When the new calendar, starting on January 1st, replaced it, people who continued to celebrate the traditional New Year were, apparently, mocked and teased, the subject of various humorous harassment. Roman poets often referred to the sun god as Titan. April Fool's Day probably has its origin with a pre-Gregorian new year celebration which went from the spring equinox to April 1st. The sun-god, the son of Hyperion, with his sun chariot, though often called Phoebus is not called Apollo except in purposeful non-traditional identifications. The French First Republic was proclaimed and the French monarchy was abolished on September 21, 1792, making the following day, Autumnal Equinox Day that year, primidi Vendemière, the first day of the "Republican Era" in France. But in mythological texts Apollo and Helios are almost universally kept distinct. Autumnal Equinox Day is "New Year's Day" in the French Republican Calendar, which was in use from 1793 to 1805.

Dionysus and Asclepius are sometimes also identified with this Apollo Helios. Andrew's Day (30 November). Pseudo-Eratosthenes writes about Orpheus in Catast 24:. Since the 17th century, the Roman Catholic ecclesiastic year has started on the first day of Advent, the Sunday nearest to St. The identification became a commonplace in philosophic texts and appears in the writing of Parmenides, Empedocles, Plutarch and Crates of Thebes among other as well as appearing in some Orphic texts. In the Middle Ages in Europe a number of significant feast days in the Ecclesiastical calendar of the Roman Catholic Church came to be used as the beginning of the year:. The play as a whole seems to have kept Helios separate from Apollo but in a speech near the end (fr 781 N²), Clymene, Phaethon's mother, laments that Helios has destroyed her child, that Helios whom men rightly call Apollo (the name Apollo here understood to mean Apollyon 'Destroyer'). In 45 BC Julius Caesar introduced the Julian calendar, dropping Mercedonius and decreeing that the New Year should start on 1 January.

The earliest certain reference to Apollo being sometimes identified with the sun god appears in the surviving fragments of Euripides' play Phaethon. Because consuls were chosen in January, and because years were named after the consuls who served in that year, January became the de facto beginning of the year. His epithet Phoebus 'shining' was later applied by Latin poets to the sun-god Sol also, perhaps from such connections as well as from its obvious appropriateness. Around 715 BC the months of January, February and Mercedonius were added to the end of the year (Mercedonius in leap years only). But by Hellenistic times Apollo had become closely connected with the sun religiously. The ancient Roman calendar had only ten months and started the year on 1 March, which is still reflected in the names of some months which derive from Roman numerals: September (Seventh), October (Eighth), November (Ninth), December (Tenth). Apollo as he appears in Homer, a plague-dealing god with a silver (not golden) bow has no solar features. The most common modern celebrations are:.

Heracles used this golden cup to reach Erytheia. . Helios begged him to stop and Heracles demanded the golden cup which Helios used to sail across the sea every night, from the west to the east. Cultures that measure yearly calendars all have New Year celebrations. While Heracles traveled to Erytheia to retrieve the cattle of Geryon, he crossed the Libyan desert and was so frustrated at the heat that he shot an arrow at Helios, the sun. The New Year is an event that happens when a culture celebrates the end of one year and the beginning of the next. Helios destroyed the ship and all the men save Odysseus. 1 September was used in Russia from the 14th century until the adoption of the Christian era in 1700 (previously, Russia had counted years since the creation of the world).

The guardians of the island, Helios' daughters, told their father. The ancient Roman new year of 1 March was used in the Republic of Venice until its destruction in 1797, and in Russia until the 14th century. Though Odysseus warned his men not to, they impiously killed and ate some of the cattle. In Circumcision Style dating, the new year started on 1 January, the Feast of the Circumcision (of Jesus). There were kept the sacred red Cattle of the Sun. A disadvantage of this system was that because Easter was a movable feast the same date could occur twice in a year; the two occurrences were distinguished as "before Easter" and "after Easter". In the Odyssey (book XII), Odysseus and his surviving crew landed on an island, Thrinacia, sacred to the sun god, whom Circe names Hyperion rather than Helios:. This was used in France from the 11th to the 16th century.

Roosters and eagles were associated with him. In Easter Style dating, the new year started on Easter Saturday (or sometimes on Good Friday). Helios was often depicted as a haloed youth in a chariot, wearing a cloak and with a globe and a whip. The UK tax year still starts on 6 April which is the 25 March + 11 days for the conversion from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar. The Colossus of Rhodes was dedicated to him. The rest of Great Britain changed to Circumcision Style on the 1 January preceding the conversion in Great Britain from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar on 3/14 September 1752. Helios was worshipped throughout the Peloponnesus, and especially on Rhodes (an island he pulled out of the sea), where annual gymnastic tournaments were held in his honor. Annunciation Style continued to be used in Kingdom of Great Britain until January 1, 1752, except Scotland which changed to Circumcision Style dating on 1 January 1600.

The names of the horses were Pyrois, Eos, Aethon and Phlegon. This was used in many parts of Europe in the Middle Ages. Helios was sometimes referred to with the epithet Helios Panoptes ("the all-seeing"). In Annunciation Style dating the new year started on 25 March, the feast of the Annunciation. The best known story involving Helios is that of his son Phaeton, who drove the sun chariot to his own disaster. This was used in Germany and England until the 13th century, and in Spain from the 14th to the 16th century. == Greek mythology ==... In Christmas Style dating the new year started on 25 December.

Heracles used this golden cup to reach Erytheia. The Iranian New Year, called Norouz, is celebrated at the exact moment of the vernal equinox, commencing the start of the spring season. Helios begged him to stop and Heracles demanded the golden cup which Helios used to sail across the sea every night, from the west to the east. 2008 will see two Muslim New Years. While Heracles traveled to Erytheia to retrieve the cattle of Geryon, he crossed the Libyan desert and was so frustrated at the heat that he shot an arrow at Helios, the sun. Since the Muslim calendar is based on 12 lunar months amounting to about 354 days, the Gregorian date of this is earlier each year. Helios destroyed the ship and all the men save Odysseus. The Islamic New Year is celebrated on 1 Muharram.

The guardians of the island, Helios' daughters, told their father. The Gujarati New Year is celebrated usually two days after the festival of Diwali (held in mid-November). Though Odysseus warned his men not to, they impiously killed and ate some of the cattle. Some neo-pagans celebrate Samhain (a festival of the ancient Celts, held around November 1) as a new year's day representing the new cycle of the Wheel of the Year, although they do not use a different calendar that starts on this day. There were kept the sacred red Cattle of the Sun. It is currently 1998 on the Ethiopian calendar. In the Odyssey (book XII), Odysseus and his surviving crew landed on an island, Thrinacia, sacred to the sun god, whom Circe names Hyperion rather than Helios:. The Ethiopian New Year, Enkutatash, is celebrated on 11 September.

Roosters and eagles were associated with him. The Bengali New Year Poila Baisakh is celebrated on 14 April or 15 April in a festive manner in both Bangladesh and West Bengal. Helios was often depicted as a haloed youth in a chariot, wearing a cloak and with a globe and a whip. The Lao New Year is celebrated from 13 April to 15 April. The Colossus of Rhodes was dedicated to him. The Cambodian New Year is celebrated from 13 April to 15 April. Helios was worshipped throughout the Peloponnesus, and especially on Rhodes (an island he pulled out of the sea), where annual gymnastic tournaments were held in his honor. The Thai New Year is celebrated from 13 April to 15 April by throwing water.

The names of the horses were Pyrois, Eos, Aethon and Phlegon. The people of Andhra Pradesh, India celebrate the advent of Lunar year this day. Helios was sometimes referred to with the epithet Helios Panoptes ("the all-seeing"). The Telugu New Year generally falls in the months of March or April. The best known story involving Helios is that of his son Phaeton, who drove the sun chariot to his own disaster. In the Bahá'í calendar, the new year occurs on the vernal equinox on 21 March, and is called Naw-Rúz. . The Tibetan New Year is Losar and falls from January through March.

The equivalent of Helios in Roman mythology is Sol. The Vietnamese New Year is the Têt Nguyen Dan which is the same as Lunar New Year. Many believe that Apollo becomes the Olympian "sun god", but this idea is mostly based on speculation and assumption. The Chinese New Year is generally celebrated with firecrackers, and in some places with a parade. He has two sisters, the moon goddess Selene and the dawn goddess Eos. It is perhaps the most important Chinese holiday. Helios was seen driving a fiery chariot across the sky. Each year is symbolized by one of 12 animals and one of five elements, with the combinations of animals and elements (or stems) cycling every 60 years.

Other sources say Helios is Hyperion's son by his sister Theia. Because the Chinese calendar is astronomically defined, unlike the Gregorian Calendar, the drift of the seasons will change the range. In earlier Greek mythology, the sun was personified as a deity called Hêlios (Greek for "the sun"), whom Homer equates with the sun titan Hyperion. The exact date can fall anytime between 21 January and 21 February inclusive, on the Gregorian Calendar. For other uses of Helios, see Helios (disambiguation).. The Chinese New Year, also known as the Lunar New Year, occurs every year at a new moon during the winter. This article is about Helios in Greek and Roman mythology. Many in the countries where Eastern Orthodoxy predominates celebrate both the Gregorian and Julian New Year holiday with the Gregorian day celebrated as a civic holiday and the Julian date as a religious holiday.