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Galatasaray Spor Kulübü (Galatasaray Sports Club, or Galatasaray SK) is a Turkish sports club based in İstanbul which is most famous for its football section. Founded in 1905 by Ali Sami Yen and his fellows from the prestigious Galatasaray High School, Galatasaray currently has 15 Turkish league championships, and also won the UEFA Cup and UEFA Super Cup in 2000.
Galatasaray is one of only two teams to have won the UEFA Cup without being beaten in a single match, (the other being Ajax), and is also notable for being the first team to win the competition after having been knocked out of the Champions League. In winning the UEFA Cup during the 1999/2000 season, beating Arsenal of England on penalties, Galatasaray became the first Turkish club ever to win a European trophy.
Galatasaray is the most internationally recognised Turkish club as a result of its European successes. The team is famous for its outstandingly enthusiastic home support, especially for its supporters' habit of displaying enormous banners throughout its ground, welcoming visiting teams "to Hell!" On the eve of Galatasaray’s Uefa Cup semi-final first leg match against Leeds United, two Leeds fans, Chris Loftus and Kevin Speight, were murdered by Galatasaray fans. During the match, while a message of condolence was read out for the victims, the home fans jeered. This lead to Galatasaray fans being banned from travelling to Leeds for the away leg, despite opposition from Turkish officials. The club's ground, Ali Sami Yen Stadyumu, reopened for the 2004-05 season, and a massive renovation project of one of its stands was completed in the 5th week of 2005-2006 season.
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As of 1 September 2005:. NRFB - Stands for "Never Removed From Box." Indicates that a doll is undisturbed in its original, un-opened packaging. . Modern - Dolls produced after 1972. The club's ground, Ali Sami Yen Stadyumu, reopened for the 2004-05 season, and a massive renovation project of one of its stands was completed in the 5th week of 2005-2006 season. Vintage - Dolls produced through 1972 are generally considered to be "vintage.". This lead to Galatasaray fans being banned from travelling to Leeds for the away leg, despite opposition from Turkish officials. Many variations of this original design have been used. During the match, while a message of condolence was read out for the victims, the home fans jeered. A waist with a rotational joint, originally introduced in 1967, copyrighted in 1966. The team is famous for its outstandingly enthusiastic home support, especially for its supporters' habit of displaying enormous banners throughout its ground, welcoming visiting teams "to Hell!" On the eve of Galatasaray’s Uefa Cup semi-final first leg match against Leeds United, two Leeds fans, Chris Loftus and Kevin Speight, were murdered by Galatasaray fans. TNT - "Twist 'N Turn" Waist. Galatasaray is the most internationally recognised Turkish club as a result of its European successes. Timeless Treasures™ - A Collector Edition line featuring celebrity and character dolls. In winning the UEFA Cup during the 1999/2000 season, beating Arsenal of England on penalties, Galatasaray became the first Turkish club ever to win a European trophy. The major categories are denoted by numbers:. Galatasaray is one of only two teams to have won the UEFA Cup without being beaten in a single match, (the other being Ajax), and is also notable for being the first team to win the competition after having been knocked out of the Champions League. Early Barbie dolls are organized into five major groups based on various physical characterstics that can be used to determine when a particular doll was manufactured. Founded in 1905 by Ali Sami Yen and his fellows from the prestigious Galatasaray High School, Galatasaray currently has 15 Turkish league championships, and also won the UEFA Cup and UEFA Super Cup in 2000. Dolls with this hairstyle are referred to by collectors as the "ponytail" dolls. Galatasaray Spor Kulübü (Galatasaray Sports Club, or Galatasaray SK) is a Turkish sports club based in İstanbul which is most famous for its football section. Ponytail - Barbie's first hairstyle consisted of a top-knot ponytail with tightly-curled bangs. Özhan Canaydın (2002-...). OSS - Stands for "original swimsuit". Mehmet Cansun (2001-2002). These dolls generally feature higher-quality materials and construction than non-limited dolls. H. Limited Edition - Collector Edition dolls produced in limited quantities worldwide, which are often available only from specific retailers. Faruk Süren (1996-2001). Customized - Dolls designed exclusively for specific retail stores are referred to as "customized". Alp Yalman (1990-1992) (1992-1996). Collector Edition dolls usually come in showcase packaging, with a stand and a certificate of authenticity. Ali Tanrıyar (1986-1988) (1988-1990). Collector Edition - Dolls designed specifically for collectors aged 14 and over. Dr. Though not feature length, they are fairly abundant in plot. Ali Uras (1979-1984) (1984-1986). In recent years, she has taken the computer animated movie industry by storm, guest appearing in Toy Story 2, and later her own direct-to-video movies, Barbie in the Nutcracker, Barbie as Rapunzel, Barbie of Swan Lake, Barbie as the Princess and the Pauper, Barbie:Fairytopia, and Barbie and the Magic of Pegasus, all of which were accompanied by small product lines, including dolls. Dr. By the late-1990s, Mattel had moved to featuring her in interactive 3D video games for both gaming consoles and personal computers. Prof. In the late 1980s, Barbie had two videos, Barbie and the Rockers and Barbie and the Sensations. Mustafa Pekin (1973-1975). This new series showcased Barbie's adventurous exploits. Dr. In the mid-1990s, a new line of novels about Barbie appeared. Prof. Books about Barbie first emerged in the 1960s. Selahattin Beyazıt (1969-1973) (1975-1979). [9]. Sadik Giz (1957-1959). While the original Barbie sold for $3.00 in 1959, a mint boxed Barbie from 1959 sold for $3552.50 on eBay in October 2004. Refik Selimoğlu (1954-1956) (1960-1962). Forty-five-percent of them spend upwards of $1000 a year. Ulvi Yenal (1953) (1962-1964). Ninety-percent are women, at an average age of 40, purchasing more than 20 Barbie dolls each year. Suphi Batur (1946-1950) (1965-1968). Mattel estimates that there are well over 100,000 avid Barbie collectors. Muslihittin Peykoğlu (1944-1946). See also Superstar: The Karen Carpenter Story. Osman Dardağan(1942-1943). A commercial by automobile company Nissan featured dolls similar to Barbie and Ken driving in a toy car was the subject of another lawsuit on September 18, 1997 [8]. Tevfik Ali Çınar (1940-1942). However, it was dismissed by the court as parody on May 15, 1998. Adnan Akıska (1939). Mattel used this as grounds for a trademark infringement and defamation lawsuit filed on September 11, 1997. Nizan Nuri (1939). It contained lyrics such as "You can brush my hair/Undress me everywhere" and used graphics similar to the pink Barbie logo. Sedat Ziya Kantoğlu (1937-1939) (1944). The European pop-dance group Aqua released a song called "Barbie Girl" in 1997. Saim Gögen (1936-1937). Many artists have referred to Barbie and her accompanying products, either as homage or as parody. Fethi Isfendiyaroğlu (1933). [7]. Ali Haydar Barsal (1932-1933) (1933-1934). She also ran for President after breaking up with Ken. Tahir Kevkep (1931-1932). These include astronaut, gymnast, rapper and soldier models. Ahmet Kara (1930-1931) (1933). To counter accusations of gender stereotyping, career Barbies have been released. Abidin Daver (1929-1930). As of 2005 there are also a "Kelly: Dolls of the World" where Barbies "little sister" and two friends represent different European countries. Necmettin Sadak (1928-1929). In 2001 The Princess Collection" was issued for instance with dolls named Princess of India, Princess of the Navajo, Princess of the Vikings. Adnan Ibrahim Pirioğlu (1927). The European countries are highly over-represented but there are also Peruvian, Kenyan, Chinese, Arctic, Japanese and Australian Barbies. Ahmet Robenson (1926). The dolls are dressed in more or less traditional clothes, each representing a nation. Ali Haydar Şekip (1925). Mattel also released an international collection, the Dolls Of The World, in 1980, with Barbies from different parts of the world. Yusuf Ziya Öniş (1922-1924) (1950-1952). Most commonly the Hispanic Teresa and African-American Christie appear as Barbie's "ethno-friend" alongside Skipper and occasionally red-head Midge, who has been around since the sixties. Refik Cevdet Kalpakçıoğlu (1919-1922) (1934). Still, these Barbies are exact replicas of the original Barbie, with no individualism other than skin, hair, and eye color. Ali Sami Yen (1905-1918) (1925). Barbies of different nationalities have also been created, including African, Hispanic, Asian and Native American Barbies. Eric Gerets (2005-...). One of the most publicized responses happened around the turn of the century, as Barbie's waist widened to more natural proportions. Gheorghe Hagi (2004-2005). [6]. Mircea Lucescu (2000-2002). Dr Agnes Nairn said: "When we asked groups of junior school children about Barbie, the doll provoked rejection, hatred and violence." Dr Nairn went on to suggest that older girls rejected Barbie dolls because they were seen as an unwelcome reminder of their childhood. Fatih Terim (1996-2000) (2002-2004). In December 2005 research published by psychologists at Bath University in England suggested that girls often mutilate their Barbie dolls in a variety of ways, including decapitation and placing the doll in a microwave oven. Graeme Souness (1995-1996). [5]. Saftig (1994-1995). These dolls are not produced or endorsed by Mattel but are similar in appearance and are dressed in traditional Islamic costumes such as a full length dress and headscarf. Rainer Hollmann-Karl Heinz Feldkamp (1993-1994). Opposition to Barbie dolls in the Middle East has led to the sale of a Barbie-like doll called Fulla. Karl Heinz Feldkamp (1992-1993). This resulted in the new modified Barbie saying, "Eat lead, Cobra!" and "Dead men tell no lies." [4]. Sigfried Held (1990-1991). A group of parents, feminists and other activists known as the Barbie Liberation Organization bought hundreds of Barbies and GI Joe dolls, and switched their voice circuitry. Mustafa Denizli (1988-1990) (1991-1992). One of these 270 phrases was "Math is tough!" Although only about 1.5% of all the dolls sold said the phrase, it caused public outcry over Barbie's representation of women, and the infamous phrase quickly became a common pop culture reference. Jupp Derwall (1984-1988). It spoke a number of phrases such as, "Will we ever have enough clothes?" "I love shopping!" and, "Wanna have a pizza party?" Each doll was programmed to say four out of 270 possible phrases, so chances were good that no two dolls owned by a girl or her friends would be exactly the same. Tomislav Ivic (1983-1984). This culminated in 1992 when Mattel released "Teen Talk Barbie", a talking version of the doll. Özkan Sümer (1982-1983). Her accessories reflect a lifestyle that is unobtainable for most of the girls who play with her. Sergio Almaguer. The enormous range of available accessories relating to clothes, hair, make-up, parties and looking pretty give rise to the accusation that Barbie encourages young girls to focus on shallow trivia. Rigobert Song. Barbie's defenders say that her exaggerated proportions are necessary for her to look natural when wearing clothing. Mondragon. She would wear size 3 children's shoes, far too small to support her top-heavy frame with size-39 breasts. Umit Karan. Barbie would be unable to stand on her feet. Elvir Baljic. These rings crush the collar bone over time to give the appearance of an elongated neck. Frank De Boer. Long necks are valued in many societies; for example, the Burmese sometimes practice neck enlongation body modification by using neck rings. Haim Revivo. 1995 Nov;18(3):295-8) to match Barbie's proportions. Mario Jardel. (Int J Eat Disord. Flavio Conceição. According to research the by Yale Center for Eating and Weight Disorders, a healthy woman would have to have her neck elongated by 3.2 in. Necati Ateş. [3]. Hasan Şaş. According to research by the University Central Hospital in Helsinki, Finland, she would lack the requisite 17 to 22 percent of body fat required to menstruate. Brad Friedel. If scaled into real life proportions, she would be 5 feet, 9 inches, (1.75 m) measuring 36-18-33. Reinhard Stumpf. Barbie's height and exaggerated hourglass figure drew criticism from parents and anorexia nervosa groups. Falco Götz. The first African-American Barbie, "Black Barbie," appeared thirteen years later. Oliveira Capone. The first of Barbie's black friends, "Colored Francie," debuted in 1967, but racial tensions quickly caused this doll to be discontinued. Kubilay Türkyilmaz. See bimbo. Adrian Ilie. "Barbie" is sometimes used as a derogatory slang term for a person, particularly a girl or woman, who is stupid. Hamza Hamzaoğlu. In addition, Saudi authorities determined Barbie to be a Jewish doll, as her creator was of Jewish descent. Ümit Davala. The Middle Eastern country of Saudi Arabia outlawed the sale of Barbie dolls on September 10, 2003 for not conforming to the ideals of Islam. Hakan Ünsal. The criticisms leveled at her are often based around the idea of children considering Barbie a role model and attempting to emulate her. Suat Kaya. Her popularity ensures that her effect on the play of Western children attracts a high degree of scrutiny. Arif Erdem. Barbie is often looked upon as an icon of Western childhood. Okan Buruk. Among them are Calvin Klein, Donna Karan, Bob Mackie, Nicole Miller, Christian Dior, Escada, Anne Klein, Ralph Lauren, Donatella Versace, Bill Blass and Paul Frank. Emre Belözoğlu. Gheorghe Popescu. Here are some of them:. Gheorghe Hagi. She has taken up many occupations over the years. Hakan Şükür. Barbie has often been used to promote gender equality as an example that women can "be anything". Bülent Korkmaz. According to a Mattel press release:. Didier Six. On August 12, 2004, Barbie announced she was running for the presidency of the United States, as a member of the Party of Girls. Metin Yildiz. Mattel admits that much of the Ken narrative has been shaped by feedback from fans submitted to the Barbie website.[2]. Zoran Simoviċ. His new look includes a more rugged jaw-line, softer mouth, and a more defined nose, with a wardrobe by celebrity stylist Phillip Broch which includes cargo pants, motorcycle jackets, and fitted suits with peak lapels. Xhevad Prekazi. Since the break-up, he has traveled the world with stops in Europe and the Middle East, dabbled in Buddhism and learned to cook. Mustafa Denizli. On February 8, 2006, almost two years after the break-up and co-inciding with the opening of the American International Toy Fair, Mattel announced Ken has resurfaced and has caught Barbie's interest again. Fatih Terim. [1]. Uğur Tütüneker. He is available in the "Cali Guy" range that accompanies the "Cali Girl" range of Barbie dolls that show Barbie with suntanned skin. Tanju Çolak. For a time, Barbie's new beau was Blaine, a surfer from Sydney, Australia who has just moved to California. Turgay Şeren. A Mattel press release ended saying "Although their future is yet to be set in "cement," one thing is for certain - Barbie and Ken will always remain the best of friends.". Metin Oktay. And now they feel it's time to spend some quality time – apart.". Quarter-final in 2000-2001 (eliminated by Real Madrid 3-2 in Istanbul and 0-3 in Spain). "In fact, they just finished wrapping their fourth movie together, 'Barbie™ as The Princess and the Pauper,' which debuts this fall. Semi-final in 1988-1989 (eliminated by FC Steaua Bucuresti 0-4 in Romania, 1-1 in Istanbul ). "Barbie and Ken have always been an extraordinary couple with so much on- and off-screen chemistry" said the pair's business manager, Russell Arons, Vice President Marketing, Mattel. UEFA Champions League:
. European Super Cup (1): 2000, 2-1 vs. She also has a pilot's license, and operates commercial airliners, when not serving as a stewardess. Arsenal. Barbie has used her driver's license to the fullest, with pink convertibles, trailers and more. UEFA Cup (1): 2000, 4-1 on penalties after a 0-0 draw vs. Barbie has thirty-eight recorded pets, including cats and dogs, horses, a panda, a lion cub, and a zebra. Turkish Cup (14): 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1973, 1976, 1982, 1985, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1999, 2000, 2005. Barbie has been said to attend Willows High School in Willows, Wisconsin and Manhattan International High School in New York City (based on the real-life Stuyvesant High School). Turkish league championships (15): 1962, 1963, 1969, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1987, 1988, 1993, 1994, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002. Other longstanding friends in Barbie's ethnically diverse social circle include Hispanic Teresa, African-American Christie and Steven (Christie's boyfriend), and the ethnically-ambiguous Kayla. Barbie has dated Ken since 1961, and after a long estrangement was reunited with her best friend Midge in the early nineties. Additions to the family tree include Skipper (debut 1964), twins Tutti and Todd (1966), Stacie (1992), Kelly (1995), and baby Krissy (1999). She has been given the fuller name Barbara Millicent Roberts, and a family and friends have been manufactured for her, starting with her beau Ken. Barbie's fictional biography has developed as her sales continued. Mattel has claimed that approximately three Barbie dolls are sold every second. The Barbie doll is a $1.9 billion dollar a year industry. Mattel has adjusted Barbie's proportions in recent years as an answer to current fashion trends, but the present Barbie doll body is still uncharacteristic of most women. Mattel asserts that Barbie's exaggerated proportions are necessary to allow clothes to fit properly on such a small scale, but many have suggested that Barbie's unrealistic proportions may contribute to self-esteem and body image problems in young girls. However, Barbie's exaggerated proportions have always been a point of contention for her detractors. Ruth Handler stated that she felt it was "important to a little girl's self-esteem to play with a doll that [had] breasts", believing it would allow them role-play and imagine their future lives as adult women. Barbie's wardrobe was designed by esteemed Mattel fashion designer Charlotte Johnson, whose inspiration came from the fashion runways of Paris. The doll was marketed as a "Teen-age Fashion Model", so many fashions were available for her as well. In succeeding years, Barbie dolls were made available with other hair styles and colors. The dolls were available either as blonds or brunettes. The first Barbie doll wore a black-and-white "zebra-striped" swimsuit and signature topknot ponytail with tightly-curled bangs. (This date is also used as Barbie's official "birthday".). The doll made its debut at the New York International American Toy Fair on March 9, 1959. A new sculpt was designed (with help from engineer Jack Ryan), the concept was revamped, and the doll was given a new name: Barbie, after Handler's daughter, Barbara. At some point, Mattel acquired the rights to the Lilli doll. The doll was so popular, she was even exported to other countries, including the United States. Although the doll was initially marketed to adult men in bars and tobacco shops, it eventually became popular with children, who enjoyed dressing her up in outfits that were available separately. The Lilli doll was first sold in Germany in 1955. Lilli was a fashionable "society girl" who knew what she wanted and wasn't above using men to get it. The Lilli doll was based on a popular character appearing in a newspaper comic strip drawn by Reinhard Beuthin for die Bild-Zeitung. She gave one to her daughter and took the others back to Mattel. The adult-figured Lilli doll was exactly what Handler had had in mind, so she purchased three of them. However, during a trip to Germany with her daughter, Handler discovered a German doll named Lilli in a shop window. Mattel's directors told her that it would be impossible to create such a doll. Realizing that there was a hole in the marketplace, Handler suggested the idea of a three-dimensional adult-bodied doll to her husband, Elliot Handler, a co-founder of the Mattel toy company, but the idea was scoffed at. At that time, most three-dimensional dolls were made to look like babies or small children; however, Barbara preferred playing with paper dolls that looked like adults. In the 1950s Ruth Handler, "creator" of the Barbie doll, noticed that her daughter, Barbara, preferred to play with dolls that resembled adults rather than babies. . Barbie and her accessories are manufactured to approximately 1/6th scale. Totally Hair Barbie featured extra-long hair, which reached from her head down to her toes. The highest-selling Barbie doll in Mattel's history, Totally Hair Barbie (known as "Ultra Hair Barbie" outside the US), was released in 1992. The doll is produced by Mattel, inc. Barbie, the world's most famous and best-selling doll, debuted at the American International Toy Fair on March 9, 1959. The most popular Barbie joke is as follows: A man goes into a shop to buy a Barbie doll for his daughter, looks at the various models on display and asks the shop assistant in a puzzled way: "Why is Divorced Barbie so much more expensive than the other dolls?" "That's easy, sir" replies the shop assistant, "Divorced Barbie comes with Ken's car, Ken's house, Ken's furniture...". Barbie appears briefly in the 1999 movie Toy Story 2 as Tour Guide Barbie and Barbie on Backpack. [15]. In December 1999 a 46-year old man from Taiwan named Chang Hsi-hsum "married" a Barbie doll in a ceremony at his local Buddhist temple, in the belief that it housed the spirit of his former wife Tsai who had killed herself twenty years previously. Barbie's measurements, if she were life size, are 39-23-33. Several years ago, it was estimated that if every Barbie ever sold were laid end to end, the dolls would circle the world seven times. Barbie doll has lots of famous friends; Mattel has produced many celebrity dolls throughout the years. In The Simpsons, there is a parody of Barbie called Malibu Stacy. When this gene is absent, the flies form without external genitalia. There is a gene in the Drosophila fruit-fly called the "ken and barbie" gene (abbreviated ken). In Sweden, more Barbie dolls have been sold than the country's current population. See full list of Barbie's careers. Tourist at Walt Disney World and Disneyland
Politician - Barbie ran for President of the United States in 1992, 2000 and again in 2004. Model - Barbie was originally marketed as a "teen-age fashion model". Fashion designer. Astronaut - An astronaut suit was sold for Barbie around the same time the first woman, Valentina Tereshkova, entered space. Doctor, dentist, nurse, and veterinarian. Paleontologist. Olympic athlete (several dolls, including a gymnast and a figure skater). List of Barbie's friends and family. |