Catwoman

The Black Cat is also a feline-themed thief, although she eventually reformed (but still commits the occasional theft) and became Spider-Man's partner and lover for a time. Nevertheless, the form "daylight savings time" appears without remark as to its nonstandardness in some dictionaries, including The American Heritage Dictionary. Marvel Comics' Black Cat, as initially seen in The Amazing Spider-Man, was originally intended to be a homage to Catwoman, although she eventually developed in a much different direction. Most compound adjectives are joined with a hyphen, but "daylight-saving time," too, is nonstandard. One of the recurring villains in the cartoon Xiaolin Showdown was called "Kat-nappe," and was similar to Catwoman in appearance. In the standard form of the name, "daylight saving" is a compound adjective (part of which is a participle) that modifies "time." A common variant is daylight savings time. Although this alternate form is frequently heard in speech, it is nonstandard and appears rarely in edited writing. Another blond Catwoman, her costume and history appeared to be based on the Batman Returns version of the character. This is especially important in autumn, just before the heating season causes an increase in home fires.

Catwoman was portrayed by Maggie Baird. For example, the Country Fire Authority of Victoria in Australia has been running a program called "Change Your Clock, Change Your Smoke Alarm Battery" for several years. Selina Kyle appeared briefly (and was killed off) in the first episode of the short-lived 2002 television series Birds of Prey, which featured Catwoman's daughter by Batman, the Huntress. Fire safety officials in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States encourage citizens to use the two annual time changes as a reminder to check the batteries in home and office fire alarms and smoke detectors. In the TV movie Return to the Batcave: The Misadventures of Adam and Burt, Julia Rose appeared as Catwoman and the young Julie Newmar. Another common mnemonic of equal meaning is "spring ahead, fall behind.". Halle Berry won the 2005 Razzie award for worst actress in a film for her role as Catwoman, and collected it in person; only the second Razzie 'winner' to have done so. This uses the word "fall" to mean "autumn"; while this usage has died out in British English, it is still very common in North American English.

The movie became a box-office failure, and was panned by critics & fans alike. The mnemonic "spring forward, fall back" tells us how to reset clocks when the time changes, regardless of hemisphere (although it has to be remembered that spring and autumn occur during different months in the northern and southern hemispheres). In addition, the original "Catwoman" outfit that Patience wears when she robs a jewelry store is patterned after the "Catwoman" outfit worn by Eartha Kitt in the 1960s "Batman" tv series. Different people start their day at different times (office workers start their day later than factory workers, who start their day later than farm workers), regardless of daylight saving time. Ophelia Powers then throws photos of previous catwomen down to her, and one can clearly see a picture of Michelle Pfeiffer's "Batman Returns" version of the character, which hints that either there is some link between Patience Phillips and Selina Kyle, or that it was done as a means of paying homage to the original character. Other critics suggest that DST is, at its heart, government paternalism and that people rise in the morning as a matter of choice because many people enjoy nighttime hours and their jobs do not require them to make the most of daylight. In the scene where Patience is told of the history of the Catwomen, she is pushed off the balcony and lands in the living room floor. DST is particularly unpopular among people working in agriculture because the animals do not observe it, and thus the people are placed out of synchronization with the rest of the community, including school times, broadcast schedules, and the like.

The film was heavily criticized by both film critics and fans of the comic book character and was a failure in the box office, losing the producers far more money than it earned. Opponents point to the longer hours of darkness on winter mornings, especially in Scotland, the north of England and Northern Ireland which might well cause an increase in road accidents. Though Phillips has the same skills as the villain version of Catwoman, the film's story has nothing to do with Batman (who isn't mentioned during the film). This would make winter evenings longer, thereby reducing traffic accidents and cases of seasonal affective disorder. The movie alludes to other women in the past who have been granted such cat- like abilities. Alternatively, some would like Britain to adopt Central European Time and jump forward another hour during the summer (adopting a Single/Double Summer Time from Britain's perspective). Patience had gained the powers from the goddess Bastet, through a gathering of cats lead by an Egyptian Mau. Some campaigners in Britain would like the country to stay on British Summer Time (BST) all year round, or in other words, adopt Central European Time and abolish BST.

This film's Catwoman bore nearly no resemblance to the comic version, besides sharing the name "Catwoman." In the film, Berry played Patience Phillips, a woman who eventually became Catwoman, a hero with supernatural cat-like powers, after a near death experience. Some studies do show that changing the clock increases the traffic accident rate.^[1] Following the spring shift to daylight saving time (when one hour of sleep is lost) there is a measurable increase in the number of traffic accidents that result in fatalities. In 2004, Catwoman, a movie, starring Halle Berry as Catwoman. For example, during a North American time change, an autumn night where clocks are reset from 3 AM summer to 2 AM winter time, times between 2AM and 3AM will occur twice, causing confusion in transport schedules, payment systems, etc. While many viewers and critics enjoyed the richness and complexity of the character, not to mention the way Pfeiffer looked and acted in the heavy makeup and the shiny black costume, fans of the original comic books disliked the notorious alterations and considered not only the character but the entire film to be more Tim Burton than Batman. No formal studies have been performed, but an enormous amount of time has been spent by software developers to deal with the fact that 2400 hours past 2pm is not necessarily 2pm 100 days later. you've kind of a dark side, don't you?", to which she answers, "Not darker than yours, Bruce"), and this relationship seems to be Selina's only grip on sanity as her mental state seems to deteriorate (along with her costume, which is actually a metaphor of her) throughout the movie - now unrepressed thanks to her nightly alter-ego, the rage and resentment of her dark side are actually starting to destroy her. It is also speculated that one of the benefits—more afternoon sun—would also actually increase energy consumption as people get into their cars to enjoy more time for shopping and the like.

behind the Cat"), just as Bruce Wayne finds a reflection of himself in Selina ("You.. It was for this reason that Arizona rejected DST and opted to stay on standard time all year. the woman.. Air conditioning often uses more energy than artificial lighting. Accordingly with the film's interest in the schizophrenic aspects of its characters, Catwoman finds a reflection of herself in Batman ("Who are you?", she asks him, "Who's the man behind the Bat? Maybe you can help me find.. When air conditioning was not widely available, the change did save energy; however, air conditioning is much more widespread now than it was several decades ago. She is at the same time a feminist version of Batman, defending meek damsels in distress - exactly what she was at the beginning of the film, and probably during most of her life - but insulting them for being so, and a terrorist of sorts, blowing up an entire floor of Shreck's department store and ultimately seeking to kill him. While many people use more sunlight under DST, most people also experience more heat, which prompts many people to turn on the air conditioner during the warmer afternoon hours.

Mysteriously given new life by alley cats (in a memorable Burton-esque scene) after her corrupt boss apparently kills her, her repressed rage and sexuality - and, as one could argue, some sort of mystic feline influence as well - create Catwoman, an extreme version of everything she was never allowed - by both society and herself - to be: a loveable rogue, a sexual predator and a powerful woman. There is also a question whether the decrease in lighting costs justifies the increase in summertime air conditioning costs. Behind this cartoonish and rather stereotypical character, however, lies a shattered soul filled with frustration and self-loathing who only needs - and quite literally gets - a little push to break into insanity. It is also noted that much effort is spent reminding everyone twice a year of the change, and thousands are inconvenienced by showing up at the wrong time when they forget. As recreated by Daniel Waters and Tim Burton, Selina Kyle is a beautiful but shy and clumsy young woman who always says the wrong thing, thinks aloud, frequently insults herself and works as the harassed secretary of evil tycoon Max Shreck. The disruption in sleep patterns associated with setting clocks either forward or backward correlates with a spike in the number of severe auto accidents, as well as lost productivity as sleep-disrupted workers adjust to the schedule change. Catwoman was played by Michelle Pfeiffer in the 1992 movie Batman Returns. Opponents claim that there is not enough benefit to justify the need to adjust clocks twice every year.

Catwoman was voiced by a different actress, Gina Gershon, in the 2000s series The Batman. DST is not universally accepted; many localities do not observe it. Whether her hair was dyed or her natural color was never made clear. (Stats from this article). In the second series, however, she appears to have shorter black hair. $28 million in traffic costs. In the first animated series Selina/Catwoman had blonde hair, coinciding with the release of Batman Returns, in which she was played by blonde actress Michelle Pfeiffer. went on extended DST in 1974 and 1975 in response to the 1973 energy crisis, Department of Transportation studies found that observing DST in March and April saved 10,000 barrels of oil a day, and prevented about 2,000 traffic injuries and 50 fatalities saving about U.S.

Barbeau also voiced Catwoman in the 2000s online animated series Gotham Girls. When the U.S. She was voiced by Adrienne Barbeau in 1992's Batman: The Animated Series, and its revamp in The New Batman Adventures. Other benefits cited include prevention of traffic injuries (by allowing more people to return home from work or school in daylight), and crime reduction (by reducing people's risk of being targets of crimes that are more common in dark areas). She appeared on the Batman cartoon of the 1970s ("The New Adventures of Batman") wearing an all-new outfit that has never been seen outside that series. Most people plan outdoor activities during the increased hours of sunlight. She appeared in the Batman cartoon of the 1960s (on the "Superman/Aquaman Hour") wearing the green costume she wore during that time. Another perceived benefit of DST is increased opportunities for outdoor activities.

Catwoman has been a major character in almost all of Batman's animated series. During the summer most people would wake up after the sun rises, regardless of whether daylight saving time is in effect or not, so there is no increased need for morning lighting to offset the afternoon drop in energy usage. Cassandra," the next to last episode of the series. Part of the reason that it is normally observed in the late spring, summer, and early autumn is because during the winter months the amount of energy saved by moving sunset one hour later is negated by the increased need for morning lighting by moving sunrise by the same amount. An uncredited fourth woman played Catwoman as part of a villain team-up in "The Entrancing Dr. United States Department of Transportation studies showed that DST reduces the country's electricity usage by one percent while DST is in effect. Lee Meriwether portrayed her in the 1966 "Batman" motion picture, based on the television series, when Newmar was unavailable. Because people tend to observe the same bedtime year-round, by artificially moving sunset one hour later, the amount of energy used is theoretically reduced.

Catwoman was at various times played by Julie Newmar and Eartha Kitt in the live-action Batman television series of the 1960s, her first other-media portrayal. Theoretically, the amount of residential electricity needed in the evening hours is dependent both on when the sun sets and when people go to bed. She does not make an appearence in Batman: The Dark Knight Strikes Again. One of the major reasons given for observing DST is energy conservation. Note that The Dark Knight Returns does not hold continuty with most of the newer Batman or Justice League comics as it was written in the 80's and that Catwoman's profesion in it was most likely based on her profession in Frank Miller's earlier work Batman: Year One. Starting and ending dates are variable: normally, Brazilian DST starts at 00:00 on an October (rarely November) Sunday and ends at 00:00 on a February Sunday. She finally appears at Batman's funeral where she yells at Clark Kent that she knows who killed Batman. Brazil adopted DST for the first time in 1931, but uninterruptedly since 1985 in southern states (south, southeast regions and states of Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul).

She warns him that the Joker is worse than ever, he kisses her and then leaves to follow the clue the Joker left. In specific years the starting and ending dates have been modified for political or climatic reasons. He then apparently beats her, dresses her up in a Wonder Woman-esque outfit, ties her up, gags her and leaves her where Batman finds her later. The current law which affects the entire country was enacted in 1970, but it had observed the practice as early as 1927 when the country had been divided into two distinct time zones. I'm lonely," second later on as an apparent prostitute whom the Joker uses to (after subjecting her to a mind control drug) gain acess to the governor through one of her girls. Chile switches to DST at 24:00 on the second Saturday in October and reverts to Local Standard Time (LST) at 24:00 on the second Sunday the following March. Catwoman appeared briefly in Frank Miller's Batman: The Dark Knight Returns, first early on as a phone message "Bruce, Selina. Standard Time Zone Boundary in the State of Indiana (a 139 KB pdf file) has some history, public comments from each county, the final DOT determination, and the resulting time zone boundary.

[3]. Currently, Pulaski and Martin counties are reconsidering their bid to join the Central time zone. The writer then revealed that the reason for Selina's retirement is that she's pregnant. These counties are: Starke and Pulaski Counties in the Northwest, and Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, and Pike in the Southwest. Selina is so smooth and polished; it's fun to write about someone who's a little rougher, a little sloppier." [2]. As a result of the review, the United States Department of Transportation moved eight more counties to the Central time zone, effective when DST begins on April 2, 2006. She's also going to handle her duties of protecting the East End in a completely different way than Selina, which so far has been very interesting to write. The bill to observe DST also required the governor to request federal review of the time zone divisions in the state.

She's had training, and she's been on the mean streets, but she's going to make some mistakes. On April 29, 2005, the Indiana legislature voted to begin observing daylight saving time statewide in 2006. Writer Will Pfeifer has stated on the new Catwoman, "Without revealing any identities, the new Catwoman is someone with less experience than Selina Kyle -- though she's not completely inexperienced, and she's been part of that shadowy world Catwoman inhabits for years. From 1991 until April 1, 2006 the state had three kinds of time zones and DST observances:. In the new year, Selina Kyle has been forced to leave the East End and is no longer Catwoman, and someone new has replaced her. Opponents claimed that daylight saving time created costs and inconvenience associated with changing clocks twice a year and had little or no real value. After Infinite Crisis #7, the DC Universe will jump forward one year in time. Some supporters claimed that some businesses had located out-of-state due to the time-related confusion.

Afterwards, she was seen covering her bed with past versions of her Catwoman costume. Being out of sync with neighboring states and the national changing of clocks, supporters argued, had a negative economic impact on the state. Catwoman's response to this revelation was unequivocal: she pitched Zatanna out a window. In the past, neighboring communities sometimes ended up one or even two hours apart. Light and Batman. DST has been a long-standing controversy in Indiana, not only as an agricultural state, but also because the border separating the Eastern and Central time zones divides the state. Zatanna gave no reason for her actions, but in flashback it was shown that she had acted with the consent and aid of five of the seven JLA members who had helped her mindwipe Dr. Hawaii does not observe DST.

Zatanna proceeded to explain to Catwoman that she had magically tampered with Catwoman's mind, forcibly turning her from villain to hero. However, the large Navajo Indian Reservation within it does. After she was done, Zatanna appeared at her side, informing her that she had some "bad news", hinting at an important revelation about her past. Most of Arizona does not observe DST. Capitalizing upon the advantage which her "resurrection" provided her (the villains believing she had somehow managed to cheat death), Catwoman dismantled the new East End cadre of criminals, one villain at time. Certain types of information systems (those that schedule future events with reference to UTC, for example) are almost guaranteed to encounter serious desynchronization problems unless both computers and databases are carefully updated—in some cases by hand. The man impersonated her, and allowed several villains to shoot and dismember him, giving the impression to the underworld that Catwoman was really dead (like Clayface, the man was able to survive what would otherwise be fatal wounds). More difficult to quantify is the amount of labor and money that may be spent correcting errors that arise due to a failure to update computers.

Selina made a deal with a former criminal who had powers similar to Clayface's, who had promised to help her in exchange for his freedom. A two-minute procedure for updating a computer, multiplied by a hundred million computers, represents nearly 1700 years of full-time labor. While her initial intentions were unclear, Selina shared her plans to infiltrate and destroy the cadre of East End villains with Batman. In order to change the dates and times at which the automatic jump to or from DST occurs, these tables must be modified, which requires some sort of manual intervention by a human being in the great majority of cases. At the start of the recent storyline ("The One You Love"), an influx of supervillains seized control of the East End, leaving Selina with no choice but to join the new incarnation of the Secret Society. Most computers are programmed to adjust automatically for DST, but they do so based on static tables stored directly on the computer itself. Selina had no inkling that any villains had been mindwiped until Batman informed her of the events of Identity Crisis, and he now worries that her reformation may be due to mental manipulation. An additional issue raised by this extension is that it requires reconfiguration of virtually every computer in the United States.

However, it is now unclear if her reformation was the result of a mindwipe by Zatanna, a procedure known to deeply affect and, in at least one case, physically incapacitate its victims. The extension was greeted by criticism from the airline industry and those concerned for the safety of children traveling to school in the dark before the late sunrise. Catwoman appears to be completely reformed, and her love for Batman true (although brash and unpredictable). (See this article, for example.). In response to Batman's inquiry about her wounds, Selina departed the Batcave after curtly informing Batman that he had already "done enough.". There is very little recent research on what the actual positive effects, if any, might be. However, this was something of a hollow victory, since all recognized that Despero was able to pit the JLA members against one another by drawing upon pre-existing animosities and distrust. Department of Energy information from the 1970s, the accuracy and relevance of which the DoE no longer stands by.

After a fierce struggle, Despero was subdued. Proponents claimed that the extension would save "the equivalent of" 10,000 barrels of oil per day, but this figure was based on U.S. When Despero and a faction of brainwashed League members infiltrated the cave and succeeded in brainwashing Batman, Catwoman was able to send a distress call out to the unaffected League members. The change was introduced by the Energy Policy Act of 2005; the House had originally approved a motion that would have extended DST even further. Wounded, she was taken to the Batcave to recover. Starting March 11, 2007, daylight saving time will be extended another four to five weeks, from the second Sunday of March to the first Sunday of November. Recently in the JLA story arc Crisis of Conscience, Catwoman further proved herself an ally when she fought alongside Batman and the League against the old Secret Society, of which she had once briefly been a member. In response to the 1973 energy crisis, daylight saving in the United States was begun earlier in both 1974 and 1975, commencing on the first Sunday in January (January 6) in the former year and the last Sunday in February (February 23) in the latter.

At the end, Catwoman broke off their relationship when Batman believed that it had been influenced by the villain Hush. The law was amended again in 1986 to begin daylight saving time on the first Sunday in April, to take effect the following year. During the Hush storyline in Batman #608-#619, Batman and Catwoman briefly worked together and had a short affair, during the course of which Batman revealed his true identity to her. The law was amended in 1972 to permit states that straddle a time zone boundary to exempt the entire area of the state lying in one time zone. This series met with critical and fan acclaim, especially for its first 25 issues. Any state that wanted to be exempt from daylight saving time could do so by passing a state law, provided that it exempt the entire state. In this series, Selina Kyle, joined by new supporting cast members Holly and Slam Bradley (a character from the early Golden Age DC Comics), became protector of the residents of Gotham’s East End, while still carrying out an ambitious career as a cat burglar. federal Uniform Time Act of 1966 mandated that daylight saving time begin nationwide on the last Sunday of April and end on the last Sunday of October.

This storyline led in to the newest Catwoman series in late 2001 (written by Brubaker initially with Cooke, later joined by artist Cameron Stewart). The U.S. In a backup storyline Trail of the Catwoman, by writer Ed Brubaker and artist Darwyn Cooke, the reader followed private detective Slam Bradley's attempts to find out what really happened to Selina Kyle. This resulted in a patchwork where some areas observed DST while adjacent areas did not, and it was not unheard of to have to reset one's clock several times during a relatively short trip (e.g., bus drivers operating between Moundsville, West Virginia, and Steubenville, Ohio had to reset their watches seven times over 35 miles). Catwoman then appeared in a series of backup stories in Detective Comics #759 to #762. States and localities were free to observe daylight saving time or not. Soon afterwards she disappeared and was thought killed by the assassin Deathstroke the Terminator, ending her series at #94. federal law did not address daylight saving time.

Although later cleared, she displayed increasingly erratic behavior throughout the story. From 1945 to 1966, U.S. When later that year during the Officer Down storyline in the Batman titles, Catwoman was initially the chief suspect. This remained in effect until World War II began winding down and the requirement was removed on September 30, 1945. Harleen Quinzel (the supervillain Harley Quinn), became mentally unbalanced. Daylight saving time was reinstated in the United States on February 9, 1942, again as a wartime measure to conserve resources. While in prison, she escaped, and under the influence of Dr. Beginning in 2007, it will start DST on the second Sunday in March, and change back to standard time on the first Sunday in November.

However immediately following that, she was arrested by Commissioner Gordon and put on trial, followed by being sentenced to imprisonment. Through the end of 2006, the United States starts its DST on the first Sunday in April, and changes back to standard time on the last Sunday in October. As Catwoman, Kyle assisted Batman against Lex Luthor in the reconstruction of the city. state of Arizona, which also does not observe DST. Selina then returned to Gotham, which at this time was in the midst of the No Man's Land storyline. The Mexican state of Sonora does not observe DST because it borders on the U.S. However, her plans were ruined when the supervillain the Trickster inadvertently connected Kyle to her Catwoman alter ego. Mexico has adopted DST nationwide, even in its tropical regions, because of its increasing economic ties to the United States.

She intended to use this position to run for mayor. Since April 2004, Cuba has remained on DST. As the series neared its end, Selina moved to New York and through blackmail, became first corporate vice president, then CEO of Randolf Industries, a mafia-influenced company. Cuba always starts its DST on April 1 but the end date varies. The series also fleshed out more of her origin, revealing her beginnings as an underage thief, her difficult period in juvenile incarceration, and the training she received from superhero Ted (Wildcat) Grant. Saskatchewan Government Relations gives further details on Saskatchewan's time policies. Storylines included her adoption of a teenage runaway named Arizona, whom she briefly took on as a sidekick; aiding the criminal Bane, followed by helping Azrael to defeat him; and Selina Kyle as a reluctant government operative. Lloydminster and its immediately surrounding region in Saskatchewan use the same timekeeping routine used by Alberta, DST with Mountain Standard Time.

This series, written by an assortment of writers but primarily penciled by Jim Balent, generally depicted the character as an international thief with an ambiguous moral code. The charter of the city of Lloydminster, which is bisected by the Saskatchewan–Alberta border, gives it a special exception (among areas in Saskatchewan) to use DST. In 1993, following the success of Batman Returns and Selina Kyle’s prominent role in that film, Catwoman was given her first ongoing series. Observationally, this is equivalent to the province being on Mountain Daylight Time year-round, though officially the province is considered to be part of the Central time zone. However, characters introduced in these stories (such as Selina’s young friend Holly from Batman: Year One and her sister Maggie from the 1989 miniseries) continue to appear regularly in the Catwoman series, and aspects of those plots are occasionally referenced, including recent issues that show Hollie remembering her days as a prostitute with Catwoman. (This policy was implemented when the Saskatchewan Time Act was passed in 1966, to solve the problems that arose when time zones varied from town to town.) Thus, in the summer months Saskatchewan is in sync with Mountain Daylight Time and in the winter months it is in sync with Central Standard Time. It is currently unclear how much of these stories remain canonical to Catwoman’s current origin, as various stories and editors' statements over the years since then have stated that Selina was never a prostitute and that other events depicted in those stories never happened. Saskatchewan is bisected by 105° west meridian, the central meridian of the Mountain Standard Time Zone (UTC−7), yet clocks are kept at UTC−6 all year long.

Though more circumstantial evidence was added to the theory of Selina's Falcone heritage, no definitive proof was provided. The province of Saskatchewan is the largest part of that country that does not use DST, that is, it does not adjust clocks in spring and fall. Selina's connection to the Falcone family was further explored in the recent miniseries Catwoman: When in Rome (2004-5). The remaining provinces and territories will continue change time on the first Sunday of April and last Sunday of October unless they change their legislation. Further, Batman: Dark Victory, the sequel to The Long Halloween, implied that Catwoman suspected she was the long-lost illegitimate daughter of Carmine Falcone, although she found no definitive proof of this. In 2007, their DST will start on the second Sunday of March, and return to standard time on the first Sunday in November. This led Selina to kill Stan, leaving Selina in an unbalanced mental state. rules (The Calgary Sun).

This series showed how Catwoman’s early career was tinged with tragedy as her former pimp Stan abducted Selina's sister Maggie and violently abused her. The governments of Ontario, Manitoba, Quebec, and Alberta have pledged to change their daylight saving rules to match the new U.S. Birch. In Canada, time is under provincial and territorial jurisdiction, not federal. This origin was expanded on in the 1989 Catwoman limited series (collected in trade paperback form as Catwoman: Her Sister's Keeper) by writer Mindy Newell and artist J.J. Also, in 1988, they experimented with Double Daylight Time, when the clocks went ahead by two hours, instead of the usual one hour. In the course of the story, the origin of Catwoman was also re-envisioned, as a 5'7" Selina Kyle was reintroduced as a cat-loving prostitute/dominatrix who was inspired to become a costumed cat burglar when she saw Batman in action. The Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador is an exception in that the time changes take place at 00:01 local standard time and 00:01 local daylight time respectively.

A revision in Catwoman's origin, and the introduction of the modern version of her, came in 1986 when writer Frank Miller and artist David Mazzucchelli produced Batman: Year One, a revision of Batman’s origin. In 2007, the starting and ending dates for DST will change in the United States and parts of Canada (see below). Several stories in the 1970s featured Catwoman committing murder, something that neither the Earth-One or Earth-Two versions of her would ever do; this version of Catwoman was assigned to the alternate world of Earth-B, an alternate Earth that included stories that couldn't be considered canonical on Earth-One or Earth-Two. North America generally follows the same procedure, going by local time in each zone, each time zone switching at 02:00 LST (local standard time) to 03:00 LDT (local daylight time) on the first Sunday in April, and again from 02:00 LDT to 01:00 LST on the last Sunday in October. Catwoman's first Silver Age appearance was in Superman's Girl Friend Lois Lane #70 (November 1966); afterwards, she continued to make appearances across the various Batman comics. Polar or near-polar locations such as Iceland often opt out, as summer in these locations usually brings nearly uninterrupted daylight. The Earth-Two/Golden Age Selena Kyle eventually died in the late 1970s after being blackmailed by a criminal into going into action again as Catwoman (as shown in DC Super-Stars #17). With Iceland observing UTC all year round, despite being at a longitude which would indicate UTC-1, the country may be said to be on continuous DST.

Selina enjoyed this experience so much she decided to become a professional costumed cat burglar, and thus began a career that would repeatedly lead to her encountering the Batman. Thus in Moscow (local time = UTC+3 in winter, UTC+4 in summer), daylight-saving time commences at 23:00 UTC on the day before the last Sunday in March, and ends at 23:00 UTC on the day before the last Sunday in October. However, her husband had kept her jewelry in his private vault, and she had to break into it to retrieve the jewelry. In Russia, however, although the changeover dates are the same, clocks are moved forward or back at 02:00 winter time in all zones. It was revealed that Selina Kyle had been the wife of an abusive man, and eventually decided to leave her husband. (See also: European Summer Time). In Brave and the Bold #197, the Golden Age origin of Catwoman given in Batman #62 was elaborated on, after Selina revealed that she never actually had amnesia. from local times of 01:00/02:00/03:00 to 02:00/03:00/04:00 in March, and vice versa in October.

In the 1970s comics, a series of stories taking place on Earth-Two (the parallel Earth that was retroactively declared as the home of DC's Golden Age characters) revealed that on that world, Selina reformed in the 1950s (presumably after the events of Batman #69) and had married Bruce Wayne; soon afterwards, the couple gave birth to their only child, Helena Wayne (the Huntress). In the West European (UTC), Central European (UTC+1), and East European (UTC+2) time zones the change is simultaneous: on both dates the clocks are changed everywhere at 01:00 UTC, i.e. Selina appeared again as a criminal in Batman #84 and Detective Comics #211, her final appearance for many years (until 1966). All countries in Europe, except Iceland as noted below, observe daylight-saving time and change on the same date: moving clocks forward one hour on the last Sunday in March and back one hour on the last Sunday in October. She wound up reforming and stayed on the straight and narrow for several years, helping out Batman in Batman #65 and #69, until Selina decided to return to a life of crime in Detective Comics #203. The Department of Internal Affairs gives further historical information on their website. In Batman #62, it was revealed that Catwoman (after a blow to the head jogged her memory) was an amnesiac flight attendant who had turned to crime after suffering a prior blow to the head during a plane crash she survived (although in the final issue of The Brave and the Bold, she later admitted that she made up the amnesia story because she wanted a way out of the past life of crime). In New Zealand, daylight saving time begins at 2am (standard time) on the first Sunday in October each year, and ends at 2am (standard time) on the third Sunday of March.

There have been many versions of Catwoman's origins and backstory seen in the comic books over the decades. See the Australian time zones article or this site for maps and further information on standard and daylight saving time in Australia. . Queensland experimented with it for a year or two in the early 1970s, but it was not popular and was abandoned. It has a more high tech look, with domino-shaped infrared goggles on her cowl. Western Australia, Northern Territory and Queensland do not have daylight saving. Ed Brubaker, the master-mind behind the 2001 revamp of the character, has stated that Selina's current costume was inspired by Emma Peel's iconic catsuit [1]. Tasmania starts DST earlier than the others, usually near the beginning of October.

In recent years, she has usually alternated between these two costumes. New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, Australian Capital Territory and South Australia apply daylight saving time. In the 1990s, she usually wore a skintight purple bodysuit, before switching to a black leather outfit that recalls Michelle Pfeiffer's Catwoman costume in Batman Returns. Some states/territories implement it and some do not. In the 1960s, Catwoman's bodysuit was green in color, which was typical of villains of that era. In Australia, daylight saving time is a state/territory-based initiative. Later, she wore a dress with a hood that came with ears, and still later, a bodysuit with attached boots and either a domino or glasses-mask. It has not used DST since then.

Catwoman, in her first appearance, wore no costume or disguise at all, and it was not until her next appearance that she donned a mask, which was a theatrically face-covering cat-mask that had the appearance of a real cat, rather than a more stylized face mask seen in her later incarnations. Pakistan experimented with DST in 2002 going from +5:00 to +6:00. She represents a gray area in Batman's otherwise black and white life where the line between good and evil blurs, and his attraction to her stems from this perception that, in her way, she's kind of a female version of himself: another dark, beautiful creature that prowls the night. For more on this subject, see Israeli Daylight Saving Law. Although originally introduced as an opponent for Batman, Catwoman's status as hero or villain is ambiguous; she has her own moral code (she abhors killing, though has resorted to it at times) and has occasionally teamed up with Batman and other heroes against greater threats, even saving the lives of the entire Justice League on one occasion. Israel's Daylight Saving Time rules have changed repeatedly in recent years; there has been trouble reaching a consensus regarding Gregorian calendar end dates for DST as they are dependant on Jewish Holidays, which follow the lunar Hebrew calendar. Her real name "Selina" derives from the ancient lunar deity Selene. Israel adopts Daylight Saving Time on the last Friday before April 2 at 02:00, and returns to standard time at 02:00 of the Sunday of the month of Tishrei between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur.

Created by Bill Finger and Bob Kane, she first appeared in Batman #1 (Spring, 1940), where she was initially known as "The Cat". Thus, DST in Iran starts on the first day of Farvardin (around 21-22 March) and ends on the first day of Mehr (around 22 September). Catwoman (real name Selina Kyle) is a DC Comics character, associated with the Batman franchise. Iran uses the Persian calendar. India used DST briefly during its wars with Pakistan and China. The PRC now uses one universal time zone for all of the nation from Urumqi in the northwest to Fujian in the southeast; the size of the nation was a major factor why DST was not considered practical in China.

The People's Republic of China experimented with DST from 1986, but abandoned it in the 1990s. Egypt operates Daylight-Saving Time between the last Friday in April and the last Thursday in September when the clocks are 3 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT+3). In the Southern Hemisphere, the beginning and ending dates are switched (thus the time difference between, e.g., the United Kingdom and Chile may be three, four, or five hours). DST commonly begins in the Northern Hemisphere on either the first Sunday in April or the last Sunday in March, and ends on the last Sunday in October.

With a few exceptions, switchovers between standard time and daylight saving time generally occur in the early morning hours of a Sunday morning, presumably because doing so then causes less disruption than a change on a weekday would. The dates of the beginning and ending of DST also vary by country. The amount of the time shift varies, but one hour is the most common. state in the tropics, does not observe DST.

Hawaii, the only U.S. Daylight saving time is generally a temperate zone practice; day lengths in the tropics do not vary enough to justify DST. The law, however, proved so unpopular (mostly because people rose and went to bed earlier than in current times) that the law was later repealed. It was observed for seven months in 1918 and 1919.

Congress established several time zones (which were already in use by railroads and most cities since 1883) and made daylight saving time official (which went into effect on March 31) for the remainder of World War I. Then on March 19, 1918, the U.S. Shortly afterward, the United Kingdom followed suit, first adopting DST between May 21 and October 1, 1916. The idea of daylight saving time was first put into practice by the German government during the First World War between April 30 and October 1, 1916.

It was first seriously proposed by William Willett in the "Waste of Daylight", published in 1907, but he was unable to get the British government to adopt it despite considerable lobbying. (Read the full text.) However, the article was humorous; Franklin was not proposing DST, but rather that people should get up and go to bed earlier. It is sometimes asserted that DST was first proposed by Benjamin Franklin in a letter to the editors of the Journal of Paris. .

Note that the term commonly used in the United States, daylight savings time, is incorrect, for both historic (the correct name as provided by the act which inaugurated it in the United States is daylight saving time) and grammatical reasons. DST is most commonly used in temperate regions, due to the considerable variation in the amount of daylight versus darkness through the seasons in those regions. This is intended to provide a better match between the hours of daylight and the active hours of work and school. The official time is adjusted forward, (usually) one hour from its official standard time, remaining that way for the duration of the spring and summer months.

Daylight saving time (also called DST) is a term used for a system intended to "save" daylight (It is also known as summer time in both Britain and Europe). American Journal of Public Health 85, 92–95. (1995) Daylight saving time and motor vehicle crashes: the reduction in pedestrian and vehicle occupant fatalities. et al.

^  Ferguson, S.A. Their observance of DST was unofficial in this case, as a strict reading of the Uniform Time Act would not allow for this situation, but by observing DST, they remained synchronized with the greater Louisville and Cincinnati metropolitan areas. 2 counties near Cincinnati, Ohio and 3 counties near Louisville, Kentucky were on Eastern Standard time but did observe DST. 5 northwestern counties near Chicago, Illinois and 5 southwestern counties near Evansville, Indiana were on Central Standard Time and did use DST.

77 counties — most of the state — were on Eastern Standard Time but did not use DST.