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Zachary Taylor

This article is about the military leader and politician. For the Power Rangers character, see Zachary Taylor (Power Rangers character).

Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850), also known as "Old Rough and Ready," was the twelfth President of the United States, serving from 1849 to 1850. Taylor was noted for his extensive military career, becoming the first president not previously elected to any other public office. He was the second president to die in office.

Biography

Taylor was born in a log cabin to Richard Taylor and Sarah Strother, near Barboursville, Virginia, though his family was aristocratic. As an infant he and his family moved to Kentucky, where Taylor grew up on a plantation and was known as "Little Zack." Taylor and Margaret Mackall Smith met in early 1810 and were married on June 21, 1812. They had one son and five daughters, two of whom died in infancy.

In 1808, Taylor joined the U.S. Army and was commissioned as a first lieutenant. Soon afterward he was ordered west into Indiana Territory, taking command of Fort Harrison. In the War of 1812 (1812–1815), he became known as an excellent military commander. Taylor was also noted for standing 5'8" or 5'9" tall and weighing between 170 and 200 pounds, with long arms, short, stubby legs and a thick torso. It is believed that Taylor sometimes needed to be boosted into his saddle.

Taylor also served in the Black Hawk War (1832) and the Second Seminole War (1835–1842). During the Seminole War he gained the nickname "Old Rough and Ready" after the Battle of Lake Okeechobee.

President James K. Polk sent an army under his command to the Rio Grande in 1846. When the Mexicans attacked Taylor's troops, Taylor defeated them despite being outnumbered 4-to-1. Polk later declared war; in the Mexican-American War that followed, Taylor won additional important victories at Monterrey and Buena Vista and became a national hero.

Polk kept Taylor in northern Mexico, disturbed by his informal habits of command and his affiliation with the Whig Party. He sent an expedition under General Winfield Scott to capture Mexico City. Taylor, incensed, thought that "the battle of Buena Vista opened the road to the city of Mexico and the halls of Montezuma, that others might revel in them."

Presidency

He received the Whig nomination for President in 1848, although he had never even bothered to vote before. In fact, he had never even bothered to register, and didn't vote in his own election. His homespun ways were political assets, his long military record would appeal to northerners, and his ownership of slaves would attract southern votes. He also had not previously committed himself on troublesome issues. He ran against the Democratic candidate, Lewis Cass, who favored letting the residents of territories decide for themselves whether they wanted slavery. In protest against Taylor, a slaveholder, and Cass, an advocate of "squatter sovereignty," northerners who opposed extension of slavery into territories, formed the Free Soil Party and nominated Martin Van Buren. In a close election, the Free Soilers pulled enough votes away from Cass to elect Taylor.

Taylor earned a footnote in Presidential history before he even took office. His term of service was scheduled to begin at noon on March 4, 1849, but it being a Sunday, Taylor refused to be sworn in until the following day. Vice President Millard Fillmore was also not sworn in on that day. As a result, it is claimed that the nation technically had no President or Vice President for one day. Some people postulate that David Rice Atchison, the previous President Pro Tempore of the Senate, was technically Acting President, but this statement is rejected by virtually every constitutional scholar. Constitutionally, Taylor's term began at noon on March 4, regardless of whether he had taken the oath or not.

Portrait of Taylor during Mexican War.

Although Taylor had subscribed to Whig principles of legislative leadership, he was not inclined to be a puppet of Whig leaders in Congress. He acted at times as though he were above parties and politics. As disheveled as always, Taylor tried to run his administration in the same rule-of-thumb fashion with which he had fought Indians.

Under Taylor´s administration the United States Department of the Interior was organized, although the Department had been activated under President Polk´s last day in office.

Traditionally, people could decide whether they wanted slavery when they drew up new state constitutions. Therefore, to end the dispute over slavery in new areas, Taylor urged settlers in New Mexico and California to draft constitutions and apply for statehood, bypassing the territorial stage.

Southerners were furious, since neither state constitution was likely to permit slavery; members of Congress were dismayed, since they felt the President was usurping their policy-making prerogatives. In addition, Taylor's solution ignored several acute side issues: the northern dislike of the slave market operating in the District of Columbia and the southern demands for a more stringent fugitive slave law.

In February 1850 President Taylor had held a stormy conference with southern leaders who threatened secession. He told them that if necessary to enforce the laws, he personally would lead the Army. Persons "taken in rebellion against the Union, he would hang ... with less reluctance than he had hanged deserters and spies in Mexico." He never wavered.

Taylor postage stamp

After participating in ceremonies at the Washington Monument on a blistering July 4, 1850, Taylor fell ill with acute indigestion and was diagnosed by his physicians with cholera morbus. He died five days later, after just 16 months in office. He is buried in Louisville, Kentucky in the Zachary Taylor National Cemetery. Taylor was succeeded by his vice president, Millard Fillmore.

It is widely held that the cause of Taylor's death was put to rest in the early 1990s when Taylor's remains were exhumed and examined [1] for arsenic poisoning. However critics point out the cause of death remains unknown, despite frequent reporting in the media otherwise. Scientists determined the levels of arsenic from hair and nail samples. A medical examiner then concluded that the amount of arsenic found in the samples was not sufficient to be fatal but "the symptoms which he exhibited and the rapidity of his death are clearly consistent with acute arsenic poisoning." [2] Taylor had eaten a large quantity of iced milk and cherries on the hot day prior to falling ill, one of which may have been contaminated, and which likely led to a still-extant old wives' tale stating that milk and cherries become toxic when consumed together.

Taylor's son Richard became a Confederate Lieutenant-General, while his daughter Sarah Knox Taylor married Jefferson Davis. Taylor's brother, Joseph Pannill Taylor, was a Brigadier General in the Grand Army of the Republic during the Civil War.

Cabinet



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. Additionally, conservatives charged Gore with illegal fundraising at a Buddhist temple and illegal use of his government office and telephone for political fundraising in violation of the Hatch Act although he was never indicted on such a charge. Taylor's brother, Joseph Pannill Taylor, was a Brigadier General in the Grand Army of the Republic during the Civil War. His statement that he "took the initiative in creating the Internet" to describe his sponsorship of legislation to fund the commercialization of the internet has been ridiculed significantly by media, although the statement was defended by Internet pioneers such as Robert Kahn and Vinton Cerf [16]. Taylor's son Richard became a Confederate Lieutenant-General, while his daughter Sarah Knox Taylor married Jefferson Davis. His views on environmental policy have been cast in the media as politically radical and Canada hating. A medical examiner then concluded that the amount of arsenic found in the samples was not sufficient to be fatal but "the symptoms which he exhibited and the rapidity of his death are clearly consistent with acute arsenic poisoning." [2] Taylor had eaten a large quantity of iced milk and cherries on the hot day prior to falling ill, one of which may have been contaminated, and which likely led to a still-extant old wives' tale stating that milk and cherries become toxic when consumed together. Gore has also been involved in a number of controversies.

Scientists determined the levels of arsenic from hair and nail samples. Conservatives have criticized his change as stemming from political expedience rather than conviction. However critics point out the cause of death remains unknown, despite frequent reporting in the media otherwise. He had adopted a pro-choice position by 1988, when he sought the Democratic presidential nomination. It is widely held that the cause of Taylor's death was put to rest in the early 1990s when Taylor's remains were exhumed and examined [1] for arsenic poisoning. Through the late 1980s, Gore maintained that abortion destroyed innocent human life. Taylor was succeeded by his vice president, Millard Fillmore. Early in his career, he was pro-life; his Congressional voting record was rated by one source as 84% anti-abortion.

He is buried in Louisville, Kentucky in the Zachary Taylor National Cemetery. Though Gore has gradually moved politically further left; he was once a moderate-to-conservative lawmaker. He died five days later, after just 16 months in office. He was a vocal opponent of the 2003 invasion of Iraq and Republican attempts to pass a Balanced Budget Amendment to the US Constitution. After participating in ceremonies at the Washington Monument on a blistering July 4, 1850, Taylor fell ill with acute indigestion and was diagnosed by his physicians with cholera morbus. Gore is now a strong supporter of safe, legal abortion, free trade, and tax cuts to affect personal behavior and tax increases to expand Government's influence and revenue base. with less reluctance than he had hanged deserters and spies in Mexico." He never wavered. Al Gore's views are categorized as being those of a liberal.

Persons "taken in rebellion against the Union, he would hang .. He went on to say, "They even claim that those of us who disagree with their point of view are waging war against ‘people of faith.’ How dare they!" This was Gore's first major policy speech of 2005 and also the first one since the defeat of Democratic hopeful John Kerry in late 2004. He told them that if necessary to enforce the laws, he personally would lead the Army. Gore also took aim at what he called "religious zealots" who claim special knowledge of God’s will in American politics. In February 1850 President Taylor had held a stormy conference with southern leaders who threatened secession. What is involved here is a power grab," Gore said. In addition, Taylor's solution ignored several acute side issues: the northern dislike of the slave market operating in the District of Columbia and the southern demands for a more stringent fugitive slave law. Compare that with the 60 Clinton nominees who were blocked by Republican obstruction between 1995 and 2000.

Southerners were furious, since neither state constitution was likely to permit slavery; members of Congress were dismayed, since they felt the President was usurping their policy-making prerogatives. Democrats have held up only 10 nominees, less than 5 percent. Therefore, to end the dispute over slavery in new areas, Taylor urged settlers in New Mexico and California to draft constitutions and apply for statehood, bypassing the territorial stage. The Senate has confirmed 205 or over 95 percent of President Bush's nominees. Traditionally, people could decide whether they wanted slavery when they drew up new state constitutions. In response to Senate Majority Leader Bill Frist, who for weeks has repeated threats to impose the "nuclear option" if Senate Democrats did not stop blocking judicial nominees via the filibuster, Gore said, "Their grand design is an all-powerful executive using a weakened legislature to fashion a compliant judiciary in its own image. Under Taylor´s administration the United States Department of the Interior was organized, although the Department had been activated under President Polk´s last day in office. On April 27, 2005, Gore gave an hour long speech lambasting the GOP's effort to do away with the legislative filibuster.

As disheveled as always, Taylor tried to run his administration in the same rule-of-thumb fashion with which he had fought Indians. As of April 5, 2005, Gore has not yet made any comments on any of the group's efforts. He acted at times as though he were above parties and politics. In January of 2005, several sources reported that Gore was considering running in 2008. Although Taylor had subscribed to Whig principles of legislative leadership, he was not inclined to be a puppet of Whig leaders in Congress. Therefore, on November 3, 2004, several groups launched an effort to try to influence the former vice president to seek the presidency in 2008. Constitutionally, Taylor's term began at noon on March 4, regardless of whether he had taken the oath or not. Although the Vice President maintains that he has no intention to run for political office again, he has also said that he cannot rule it out completely.

Some people postulate that David Rice Atchison, the previous President Pro Tempore of the Senate, was technically Acting President, but this statement is rejected by virtually every constitutional scholar. In an hour long presentation, Gore concluded that, "I'm convinced that most of the president's frequent departures from fact-based analysis have much more to do with right-wing political and economic ideology than with the Bible.". As a result, it is claimed that the nation technically had no President or Vice President for one day. On October 18, 2004, Al Gore delivered his final major policy speech of the 2004 political season. Vice President Millard Fillmore was also not sworn in on that day. Gore directed remarks to supporters of third-party presidential candidate Ralph Nader, who abandoned the Democratic Party four years ago, asking them, "Do you still believe that there was no difference between the candidates?". His term of service was scheduled to begin at noon on March 4, 1849, but it being a Sunday, Taylor refused to be sworn in until the following day. "Let's make sure not only that the Supreme Court does not pick the next president, but also that this president is not the one who picks the next Supreme Court," said Gore.

Taylor earned a footnote in Presidential history before he even took office. As the first major speaker at the 2004 Democratic National Convention, Gore held himself out as a living reminder that every vote counts. In a close election, the Free Soilers pulled enough votes away from Cass to elect Taylor. It was the natural consequence of the Bush Administration policy.". In protest against Taylor, a slaveholder, and Cass, an advocate of "squatter sovereignty," northerners who opposed extension of slavery into territories, formed the Free Soil Party and nominated Martin Van Buren. Gore also decried the abuse of prisoners in Abu Ghraib Prison in Iraq, saying, "what happened at that prison, it is now clear, is not the result of random acts of a few bad apples. He ran against the Democratic candidate, Lewis Cass, who favored letting the residents of territories decide for themselves whether they wanted slavery. Bush the most dishonest president since Richard Nixon, who resigned the office of the presidency in 1974 following the Watergate scandal.

He also had not previously committed himself on troublesome issues. During the fiery speech, which lasted more than an hour, Gore called the Bush administration's Iraq war plan "incompetent" and called George W. His homespun ways were political assets, his long military record would appeal to northerners, and his ownership of slaves would attract southern votes. In the speech, Gore demanded Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice, Director of Central Intelligence George Tenet, Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz, Undersecretary of Defense for Policy Douglas Feith, and Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence Stephen Cambone all resign for encouraging policies that led to the abuse of Iraqi prisoners and fanned hatred of Americans abroad. In fact, he had never even bothered to register, and didn't vote in his own election. On May 26, 2004, Gore gave a highly critical speech on the Iraq crisis and the Bush Administration. He received the Whig nomination for President in 1848, although he had never even bothered to vote before. election voting controversies.

Taylor, incensed, thought that "the battle of Buena Vista opened the road to the city of Mexico and the halls of Montezuma, that others might revel in them.". In his speech, Gore stressed the importance of voting and having every vote counted, a point that foreshadowed the 2004 U.S. He sent an expedition under General Winfield Scott to capture Mexico City. In addition, Gore announced that all of the surplus funds in his "Recount Fund" from the 2000 election controversy that resulted in the Supreme Court halting the counting of the ballots, a total of $240,000, will be donated to the Florida Democratic Party. Polk kept Taylor in northern Mexico, disturbed by his informal habits of command and his affiliation with the Whig Party. The party's Senate and House committees would each get $1 million, and the party from Gore's home state of Tennessee would receive $250,000. Polk later declared war; in the Mexican-American War that followed, Taylor won additional important victories at Monterrey and Buena Vista and became a national hero. Drawing from his funds left over from his 2000 presidential campaign, Gore pledged to donate $4 million to the Democratic National Committee.

When the Mexicans attacked Taylor's troops, Taylor defeated them despite being outnumbered 4-to-1. On April 28, 2004, Gore announced that he would be donating $6 million to various Democratic Party groups. Polk sent an army under his command to the Rio Grande in 1846. Bush." In March 2004 Gore, along with former Presidents Bill Clinton and Jimmy Carter, united behind Kerry as the presumptive Democratic nominee. President James K. He took America on an ill-conceived foreign adventure dangerous to our troops, an adventure preordained and planned before 9/11 ever took place." Gore also urged all Democrats to unite behind their eventual nominee proclaiming, "any one of these candidates is far better than George W. During the Seminole War he gained the nickname "Old Rough and Ready" after the Battle of Lake Okeechobee. "He played on our fears.

Taylor also served in the Black Hawk War (1832) and the Second Seminole War (1835–1842). Gore shouted into the microphone. It is believed that Taylor sometimes needed to be boosted into his saddle. "He betrayed this country!" Mr. Taylor was also noted for standing 5'8" or 5'9" tall and weighing between 170 and 200 pounds, with long arms, short, stubby legs and a thick torso. Bush of betraying the country by using the 9/11 attacks as a justification for the invasion of Iraq. In the War of 1812 (1812–1815), he became known as an excellent military commander. On February 9, 2004, on the eve of the Tennessee primary, Gore gave what many consider his harshest criticism of the president yet when he accused George W.

Soon afterward he was ordered west into Indiana Territory, taking command of Fort Harrison. The cold weather in New York helped make this speech especially controversial.). Army and was commissioned as a first lieutenant. And it's no wonder: because they are the targets of a massive and well-organized campaign of disinformation lavishly funded by polluters who are determined to prevent any action to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions that cause global warming, out of a fear that their profits might be affected if they had to stop dumping so much pollution into the atmosphere." (However, that day happened to be the coldest day in New York City history. In 1808, Taylor joined the U.S. Accompanied by slides and projector, Gore slammed the Bush administration's attitude towards global warming saying, "There are many who still do not believe that global warming is a problem at all. They had one son and five daughters, two of whom died in infancy.
On January 15, 2004, Al Gore gave a major policy address in New York City on climate change and the Bush administration's approach to the environment.

As an infant he and his family moved to Kentucky, where Taylor grew up on a plantation and was known as "Little Zack." Taylor and Margaret Mackall Smith met in early 1810 and were married on June 21, 1812. Gore's endorsement of Dean was helpful to the latter in legitimizing him in the eyes of the establishment faction of the Democratic Party, but it also led the media to dub Dean as the clear front-runner, with the result that his opponents devoted more of their emphasis to opposing him. Taylor was born in a log cabin to Richard Taylor and Sarah Strother, near Barboursville, Virginia, though his family was aristocratic. Although Gore did receive a small number of votes in New Hampshire and New Mexico, that effort was halted when John Kerry pulled into the lead for the nomination. . There was still some effort to encourage write-in votes for Gore in the primaries by a different group of Gore supporters who were separate from the draft movement. He was the second president to die in office. However, that effort largely came to an end when Gore publicly endorsed Vermont Governor Howard Dean (over his former running mate Joe Lieberman) weeks before the first primary of the election cycle.

Taylor was noted for his extensive military career, becoming the first president not previously elected to any other public office. Despite Gore taking himself out of the race, a handful of his supporters formed a national campaign to "draft" him into running. Zachary Taylor (November 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850), also known as "Old Rough and Ready," was the twelfth President of the United States, serving from 1849 to 1850. Gore's former running mate, Joe Lieberman quickly announced his own candidacy for the presidency, which he had vowed he would not do if Gore ran. When he appeared on a 60 Minutes interview, Gore said that he felt if he had run, the focus of the election would be the rematch rather than the issues. On December 16, 2002 however, Gore announced that he would not run in 2004, saying that it was time for "fresh faces" and "new ideas" to emerge from the Democrats.

"Re-elect Gore!" was a common slogan among many Democrats who felt the former Vice President had been unfairly cheated out of the presidency, on the grounds that he had won the popular vote and (in the opinion of many) should have won the Electoral College vote. Bush in the 2004 United States Presidential Election. Initially, Al Gore was touted as a logical opponent of George W. Gore's group, Generation Investment Management, was created to assist the growing demand for an investment style which can bring returns by blending traditional equity research with a focus on more intangible non-financial factors such as social and environmental responsibility and corporate governance.

In late 2004, it was announced that Al Gore had launched and will chair an investment firm to seek out companies taking a responsible view on big global issues like climate change. The new network will not have political leanings, Gore said, but will serve as an "independent voice" for a target audience of people between 18 and 34 "who want to learn about the world in a voice they recognize and a view they recognize as their own." The network was relaunched under the name Current on August 1, 2005. On May 4, 2004, INdTV Holdings, a company co-founded by Gore and Joel Hyatt, purchased cable news channel NewsWorld International from Vivendi Universal. Tiffany Shlain, the awards' founder and chairwoman said, "It's just one of those instances someone did amazing work for three decades as congressman, senator and vice president and it got spun around into this political mess," Shlain said.

The Webby Awards, which are widely hailed as the Oscars of the web, "wanted to set the record straight" about Al Gore and the Internet once and for all. In May 2005, Gore was awarded a lifetime achievement award for three decades of contributions to the Internet. Although Gore said the movie was a far-fetched example of global warming, he said the movie would escalate public debate on the issue. In the summer of 2004, Gore teamed up with MoveOn.org, to promote the new scientific fiction film, The Day After Tomorrow.

In a statement after the three-hour session, the commission said he was candid and forthcoming, and it thanked him for his "continued cooperation." [15]. On April 10, 2004, Gore met with the 9-11 Commission in private to give his testimony on what his administration did to prevent terror attacks. Gore also continued to visit campuses across the nation lecturing on issues such as race, media, and democracy. On the political front, Gore kept his promise of staying involved in public debate when he offered his criticism and advice to the Bush Administration on key topics such as the Occupation of Iraq, USA Patriot Act, and environmental issues, most notably global warming.

In 2003 Gore joined the board of directors of Apple Computer. Also, during this time period Gore guest starred on several programs such as The Late Show with David Letterman and Saturday Night Live, appearing much more relaxed and funnier as a private citizen than he did while holding public office. Less than two weeks later, on October 2, he made a speech on Bush's handling of the economy to the Brookings Institution. On September 23, Gore delivered a speech on the impending War with Iraq and the War on Terrorism that generated a fair amount of commentary.

Following the November 5, 2002 midterm elections Gore re-emerged into the public eye with a 14-city book tour and a well-orchestrated "full Gore" media blitz which included a pair of policy speeches. In late 2001, Al Gore became a Senior Advisor to Google and Vice Chairman of Los Angeles-based financial firm Metropolitan West Financial LLC. Following his election loss, a bearded Gore accepted visiting professorships at Columbia University's Graduate School of Journalism, Middle Tennessee State University, University of California Los Angeles, and Fisk University. For other information, see: Al Gore controversies.

presidential election, 2000. For more information on the 2000 election, see: U.S. For more information on Al Gore's 2000 campaign, see: Al Gore presidential campaign, 2000. He played himself again in another episode after the campaign was over.

While running for president in 2000, Al Gore was used as a voice actor for the television show Futurama. Gore lost his home state of Tennessee, making him the first presidential candidate since South Dakota Democratic Senator George McGovern in 1972 to lose his home state in a presidential election. history (until the 2004 election), he lost the election by five electoral votes (with one DC Elector, pledged to Gore, casting a blank ballot to protest the District's lack of representation in Congress). Although Gore won the nationwide popular vote by more than 500,000 votes, receiving the most votes of any candidate in U.S.

However, this has led to new controversies, because of the security weaknesses of the computer systems, the lack of paper-based methods of secure verification, and the necessity to rely on the trustworthiness of the manufacturers whose employees also count those votes. Concern about the possible disenfranchisement of voters in the Florida vote led to widespread calls for electoral reform in the United States, and ultimately to the passage of the Help America Vote Act, which authorized the United States federal government to provide funds to the states to replace their mechanical voting equipment with electronic voting equipment. Congress accepted Florida's electoral delegation, only after a challenge to the Florida electors was presented in the congressional chambers on January 6, 2001 by members of the Congressional Black Caucus who could not secure the signature of one Senator to bring the challenge to a debate. Some commentators still see such irregularities, and the legal maneuvering around the recounts as casting doubt on the legitimacy of the vote; as a matter of law, however, the issue was settled when the U.S.

Reports later surfaced that many overseas voters attempted to vote only after learning of the closeness of the Florida vote. Both sides contended that the votes were cast after election day, and since many of the envelopes did not have cancelled stamps, it was not clear when the votes were cast. And while the Gore camp, fought (with some success) to keep overseas absentee votes out in counties thought to be pro-Bush, Bush operatives similarly (albeit wihile drawing less attention to their efforts) prevented the counting of overseas absentee votes in strong Democratic counties. [14] It is unclear what effect, if any, this may have had.

[13] During the numerous recounts (which made the phrase "hanging chads" infamous in the American vocabulary), there were also allegations of both pro-Bush and pro-Gore tampering by low-level operatives in the controversial counties. Some have thought that this depressed the pro-Bush vote in that area -- although none have shown any proof that voters who were at home and saw the networks call the election failed to go vote in the last 8 minutes. This happened before the polls closed in 10 small Florida counties in the heavily Republican western panhandle which are in the Central Time Zone, and thus closed at 7 PM Central Time (8 PM Eastern). Many Bush supporters, however, believed that an unfair advantage was given to Gore when all major news networks, early on, prematurely projected Gore as the winner of Florida's 25 electoral votes at 7:52 PM Eastern Time.

Irregularities on the Bush side included the notorious Palm Beach "butterfly ballots", which produced an unexpectedly large number of votes for third-party candidate Patrick Buchanan, and a purge of some 50,000 alleged felons from the Florida voting rolls that included many voters who were eligible to vote under Florida law. Several irregularities are thought to have favored Bush; others may have given Gore an edge. The Florida election has been closely scrutinized since the election. [11][12].

Gore would have won given a full recount of the state. Gore, but that Mr. Bush would have won using the partial recount method of 4 strongly Democratic areas advocated by Mr. news media organizations indicated that Mr.

Following the election, a subsequent recount conducted by various U.S. Gore strongly disagreed with the Court's decision, but decided that "for the sake of our unity of the people and the strength of our democracy, I offer my concession." He had previously made a concession phone call to Bush the night of the election, but quickly retracted it after learning just how close the election was. Gore voted 7 to 2 to declare the ongoing recount procedure unconstitutional, on the grounds that it was not being carried out statewide, and 5 to 4 to ban further recounts using other procedures. Al Gore publicly conceded the election after the Supreme Court in Bush v.

Bush only after numerous court challenges. Florida's 25 electoral votes were awarded to George W. The race was ultimately decided by a razor thin margin of only 537 popular votes in Florida -- an astonishingly close margin out of some 105 million votes cast nationwide. On election day, the results were so close that the outcome of the race took over a month to resolve, highlighted by the premature declaration of a winner on election night, and an extremely close result in the state of Florida.

Bush. presidential election, 2000, Gore was neck and neck in the polls with Republican Governor of Texas George W. During the entire U.S. Lieberman was also the first Jewish nominee on a major party's national ticket.

Many pundits saw Gore's choice of Lieberman as another way of trying to distance himself from the scandal-prone Clinton White House. Lieberman, who is claimed to be a more conservative Democrat than Gore, had publicly blasted President Clinton for the Monica Lewinsky affair. In August 2000, Gore surprised many when he selected United States Senator Joe Lieberman to be his vice-presidential running mate. Bradley withdrew from the race in early March 2000 after Gore won every primary election.

In the Democratic primaries, Gore faced an early challenge from Bill Bradley. After two terms as Vice President, Gore ran for President. Upon the end of his tenure as Vice President, Gore was widely considered one of the most active, powerful, and popular Vice Presidents in US history. Gore attributes the following economic achievements to his administration's economic plan: [10]:.

It is likely that the properity which occured in the Clinton/Gore years is due to Alan Greenspan-endorsed Clinton and Gore's economic plan which limped through Congress without one Republican vote, and Vice President Gore casting the tie breaking vote in the Senate. During the Clinton/Gore administration, Americans enjoyed eight years of relative peace along with the longest economic expansion in history. [9]. Gore also supported Operation Desert Fox, the bombing campaign against Iraq in response to Saddam Hussein's unwillingness to cooperate with UN inspectors.

Gore was one of the first to call for action to remove Yugoslav President Slobodan Milošević from power in 1998. Because of President Clinton's inexperience and Gore's service in Vietnam and in the Senate, Clinton would often look to Gore for advice in the area of foreign policy. [7], [8]. In the late nineties, Gore strongly pushed for the passage of the Kyoto Treaty, which called for reduction in green house emissions.

The insight he gained on issues such as global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer, and the destruction of rain forests is said to have played a major role in policy making for the Clinton administration. On Earth Day 1994, Gore launched the worldwide GLOBE program, an innovative hands-on, school-based education and science activity that made extensive use of the Internet to increases student awareness of their environment and contribute research data for scientists. While a senator working on his book Earth in the Balance, Gore had traveled around the world on numerous fact finding missions. During Gore's tenure as Vice President, he was a strong proponent for environmental protection.

[6] This later served as the tenuous basis for mocking from his opponents that he'd claimed to have "invented the Internet". While serving in the Senate, Gore had introduced legislation which called for the creation of a new federal research center for educational computing to support an "information systems highway". This was a culmination of work that he had started several years before. As Vice President, Gore instituted a federal program calling for all schools and libraries to be wired to the Internet.

[5]. Some claim that this performance may have been responsible for the passing of NAFTA in the House of Representatives, where it passed 234-200. He is widely believed to have won the debate hands down, and public opinion polls taken after the debate showed that a majority of Americans agreed with his point of view and supported NAFTA. In 1993 Gore debated Ross Perot on CNN's Larry King Live on the issue of free trade.

[4]. His book later helped guide President Clinton when he down sized the federal government. One of Gore's major accomplishments as Vice President was the National Performance Review, which pointed out waste, fraud, and other abuse in the federal government and stressed the need for cutting the size of the bureaucracy and the number of regulations. history.

However, many experts consider him to be one of the most active and influential Vice Presidents in U.S. During his time as Vice President, Al Gore was mostly a behind the scenes player. presidential election, 1996. Clinton and Gore were re-elected to a second term in the U.S.

presidential election, 1992, Al Gore was inaugurated as the 45th Vice President of the United States on January 20, 1993. After winning the U.S. Senator Al Gore to be his running mate on July 9, 1992. Bill Clinton chose then-U.S.

While in Congress, Gore was a member of the following committees: Armed Services (Defense Industry and Technology Projection Forces and Regional Defense; Strategic Forces and Nuclear Deterrence); Commerce, Science and Transportation (Communications; Consumer; Science, Technology and Space- chairman 1992; Surface Transportation; National Ocean Policy Study); Joint Committee on Printing; Joint Economic Committee; Rules and Administration. Kennedy's Profiles in Courage. Earth in the Balance became the first book written by a sitting senator to make The New York Times best-seller list since John F. Gore started writing Earth in the Balance, his book on environmental conservation, during his son's recovery.

Because of this and the resulting lengthy healing process, his father chose to stay near him during the recovery instead of laying the foundation for a presidential primary campaign against eventual nominee Bill Clinton. On April 3, 1989, Gore's six-year-old son Albert was nearly killed in an automobile accident while leaving the Baltimore Orioles opening game. In 1988, Gore ran for President but failed to obtain the Democratic nomination, which went instead to Michael Dukakis. Gore served as a Senator from Tennessee until 1992, when he was elected Vice President.

In 1984 Gore did not run for the House; instead he successfully ran for a seat in the Senate, which had been vacated by Republican Majority Leader Howard Baker. He was re-elected three times, in 1978, 1980, and 1982. Gore defeated Stanley Rogers in the Democratic primary, then ran unopposed and was elected to his first Congressional post. House, in Tennessee's Fourth District.

In the spring of 1976, Gore quit law school to run for the U.S. The question of whether Leo frequently traveled with Gore or not still has not been conclusively answered. On the other hand, Leo's testimony is that Cooper gave the orders before Gore arrived, so Gore would not know about them. For his part, Gore has stated that he knew Leo but rarely traveled with him in Vietnam, and that he never felt that he was being given special protection.

Leo stated that Gore's trips into the field were safe, and that Gore "could have worn a tuxedo." These remarks seem to contradict Gore's public statements that he "walked through the elephant grass" and "was fired upon.". Cooper, the 20th Engineer Brigades Commander. Alan Leo, Gore was protected from dangerous situations at the request of Brigadier General Kenneth B. According to combat photographer H.

lost the 1970 election, and was no longer a Senator by the time Gore arrived in Vietnam). Once in Vietnam, some also allege that Gore received special treatment as a former Senator's son (Gore Sr. However, others argue that any man who enlisted with a Harvard degree had a good chance of being assigned a support specialty rather than an infantry position. Because Gore was a journalist, he was never exposed to front-line combat, and some allege that his famous father's influence helped him to obtain this position.

Gore was not shipped immediately to Vietnam after completing basic training, spending most of his term in Fort Rucker. During the 2000 presidential election, some conservatives accused Al Gore of insufficient military service, because he was "only" a journalist and spent only five months in Vietnam, which some sources have characterized as "less than half the standard 12 month Vietnam tour." Although it is true that he was a journalist, Gore served in the Army only 75 fewer days than the standard two-year term. Some have suggested that Gore already foresaw that military service might be advantageous in his future career in politics. Gore considered all these options, but said that his sense of civic duty compelled him to serve.

Some observers have noted that Gore could have avoided Vietnam in a number of ways. Gore stated many times that he opposed the Vietnam War, but chose to enlist anyway. The chronology of his military service is as follows:. Gore served in the Army from August 1969 to May 1971.

Gore's mother was a member of Vanderbilt Law School's first class to accept women. During this time, Gore also attended Vanderbilt Divinity School and Law School, although he did not complete a degree at either. After returning from Vietnam, Gore spent five years as a reporter for the Tennessean, a newspaper headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. He served as an Army war correspondent until May 24 of that year, slightly less than two years after he enlisted.

After completing training as a military journalist, Gore shipped to Vietnam in early 1971. Although opposed to the Vietnam war, on August 7, 1969, Gore enrolled in the army to participate in the Vietnam War effort. The family attends New Salem Missionary Baptist Church in Carthage. The Gores now reside just outside of Nashville, Tennessee, USA, and own a small farm near Carthage, Tennessee.

The Gores also have two grandchildren: Wyatt (born July 4, 1999) and Anna Schiff. They have four children: Karenna (born August 6, 1973), married to Drew Schiff; Kristin (born June 5, 1977); Sarah (born January 7, 1979); and Al III (born October 19, 1982). Albans School in Washington, DC). In 1970, Gore married Mary Elizabeth Aitcheson (Tipper Gore), whom he had first met many years before at his high school senior prom (St.

Gore graduated from Harvard in June of 1969 with a Bachelor of Arts degree. His roommate (in Dunster House) was actor Tommy Lee Jones. In 1965, Gore enrolled at Harvard College, where he majored in government. Albans School; during summer vacations, he lived in Carthage, where he worked on the Gore family farm.

During the school year, the younger Gore lived in a hotel in Washington, where he attended the Sheridan School, and later the elite St. divided his childhood between Washington, DC and Carthage, Tennessee. Since his father was a veteran Democratic senator from Tennessee, Al Gore Jr. and Pauline LaFon Gore.

Gore Sr. Gore was born in Washington, DC to Albert A. . Although speculation about a possible presidential run in 2008 still continues, he has publicly claimed that he does not plan to return to politics.

Gore currently serves as President of the American televison channel Current and Chairman of Generation Investment Management, sits on the board of directors of Apple Computer, and serves as an unofficial advisor to Google's senior management. The election remains one of the most divisive and controversial topics in recent American Politics. Electoral College and Bush was elected President. While Gore received the most popular votes, the states Bush won gave him a majority in the U.S.

Bush in a bitterly contested election that included multiple recounts and a Supreme Court decision that effectively decided the election in favor of Bush. He ran for President in 2000 following Bill Clinton's two four-year terms, but was defeated by the Republican candidate George W. Albert Arnold Gore Jr. (born March 31, 1948) is an American politician who served as the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. More families own stock than ever before.

Lowest federal income tax burden in 35 years. Lowest government spending in three decades. Converted the largest budget deficit, up to that time, in American history to the largest surplus. Higher incomes at all levels.

Lowest poverty rate in 20 years. Paid off $360 billion of the national debt. Lowest unemployment in 30 years. Highest homeownership in American history.

More than 22 million new jobs. May 24, 1971: Discharged, after granting of early discharge request, as part of general troop reductions. January 1971 to May 1971: field reporter in Vietnam, part of the 20th Engineer Brigade, stationed primarily at Bien Hoa Air Base near Saigon. Late October 1969 to December 1970: Fort Rucker, Alabama, on-the-job occupational training at the Army Flier newspaper.

August to October 1969: 8 weeks of basic training at Fort Dix, New Jersey. August 1969: Enlisted at the Newark, New Jersey recruiting office.