Xscape

They also recorded "Understanding" and rerecorded "Who Can I Run To?", which was originally recorded by The Jones Girls, and then rerecorded "Am I Dreaming" with Keith Sweat, which was originally recorded by Atlantic Starr. See also: Chinese Valentine's Day, Saint Valentine's Day Massacre. They are probably most remembered for 1993's "Just Kickin' It". This day is choosen probably because it is one day before the Saint Anthony´s day, there known as the marriage saint, when many single women make popular rituals in order to find a good husband (or, more modernly at least a boyfriend). Xscape was a four-member R&B girl group that had a string of hit songs the early and mid 1990s. On this day, boyfriends and girlfriends, husbands and wives, exchange gifts (lingerie, chocolates, and more), cards and usually a flower bouquet. Instead, on June 12, "Dia dos Namorados" (or "Boyfriend's/Girlfriend's Day") is celebrated.

In Brazil, there is no such day as Valentine's Day. It is called "The Night of Sevens", on the 7th day of the 7th month of the lunar calendar; the next one being August 11, 2005 [2] (http://www.chinesefortunecalendar.com/77.htm). In Chinese Culture, there is a similar counterpart of the Valentine's Day. The return gift should be white (hence the name), and is often lingerie.

Many men, however, give only to their girlfriends. By a further marketing effort, a reciprocal day, called White Day has emerged. On this day (March 14), men are supposed to return the favour by giving something to those who gave them chocolates on Valentine's Day. This chocolate is known as giri-choco (義理チョコ), from the words giri (obligation) and choco, a common short version of chokoreeto (チョコレート), meaning chocolate. Rather than being voluntary however, this has become for many women – especially those who work in offices – an obligation, and they give chocolates to all their male co-workers, sometimes at significant personal expense.

In Japan, and Korea Valentine's Day has emerged, thanks to a concentrated marketing effort, as a day on which women give chocolates to men they like. Those without a significant other often speak with sarcasm by referring to Valentine's Day as Single's Awareness Day. The day has come to be associated with a generic platonic greeting of "Happy Valentine's Day.". Starting in the 1980s, the diamond industry began to promote Valentine's Day as occasion for the giving of fine jewelry.

Such gifts typically include roses and chocolate. In the United States in the second half of the 20th century, the practice of exchanging cards was extended to include the giving of all manner of gifts, usually from the man to the woman. Her father operated a large book and stationery store, and she took her inspiration from an English valentine she had received. (Since 2001, the Greeting Card Association has been giving an annual "Esther Howland Award for a Greeting Card Visionary".). Howland (1828 - 1904) of Worcester, Massachusetts.

In the United States, the first mass-produced valentines of embossed paper lace were produced and sold shortly after 1847 by Esther A. Valentine's Day was probably imported into North America in the 19th century with settlers from Britain. In most versions of these legends, February 14 is the date associated with his martyrdom. Among the legends are ones that assert that:.

It is probable that many of the legends about St. Valentine were invented during this period. A 14th century valentine is said to be in the collection of the British Library. It was common during that era for lovers to exchange notes on this day and to call each other their "Valentines". By the 17th century a valentine was extended to the gift given, some pretty token.

In the following century, one of John Lydgate's minor poems is "A balade made..in wyse of chesing loues at Saint Valentynes day" which indicates that the manner of choosing was drawing lots. This belief is mentioned in Geoffrey Chaucer's Parlement of Foules(1381) that. Valentine's Day with romantic love was in the 14th century in England and France, where February 14 was traditionally the day on which birds paired off to mate. The first recorded association of St.

Hoeller assesses Valentinius on the subject : "In addition to baptism, anointing, eucharist, the initiation of priests and the rites of the dying, the Valentinian Gnosis mentions prominently two great and mysterious sacraments called "redemption" (apolytrosis) and "bridal chamber" respectively" [1] (http://www.gnosis.org/valentinus.htm). Stephan A. In his teachings, the marriage bed assumed a central place in his version of Christian love, an emphasis sharply in contrast with the asceticism of mainstream Christianity. The influential Gnostic teacher Valentinius was a candidate for Bishop of Rome in 143.

Valentine's Day as an official holiday from its calendar. In 1969, as part of a larger effort to pare down the number of saint days of purely legendary origin, the Church removed St. Valentine were donated by Pope Gregory XVI to the Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church in Dublin, Ireland, which has become a popular place of pilgrimage on February 14. In the 19th century, relics of St.

There is a widespread legend that he created the day to counter the practice held on Lupercalia of young men and women pairing off as lovers by drawing their names out of an urn, but this practice is not attested in any sources from that era. Valentine was first declared to be on February 14 by Pope Gelasius I in 496. The feast of St. Valentine and romantic love is not mentioned in any early histories and is regarded by historians as purely a matter of legend (see below).

The connection between St. According to the Catholic Encyclopedia (1908), at least three different Saints Valentine, all of them martyrs and all quite obscure, are mentioned in the early martyrologies under the date of February 14:. Young women especially would come forth voluntarily for the occasion, in the belief that being so touched would render them fruitful and bring easy childbirth. As part of the purification ritual, the priests of Lupercus would sacrifice goats to the god, and after drinking wine, they would run through the streets of Rome holding pieces of the goat skin above their heads, touching anyone they met.

In Ancient Rome, the day of February 15 was Lupercalia, the festival of Lupercus, the god of fertility, who was represented as half-naked and dressed in goat skins. In the calendar of Ancient Athens, the period between mid January and mid February was the month of Gamelion, which was dedicated to the sacred marriage of Zeus and Hera. The association of the middle of February with love and fertility dates to ancient times.
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The association also estimates that women purchase approximately 85 percent of all valentines. The Greeting Card Association estimates that, world-wide, approximately one billion valentine cards are sent each year, making the day the second largest card-sending holiday of the year behind Christmas. Starting in the 19th century, the practice of hand writing notes has largely given way to the exchange of mass-produced greeting cards. The day is now most closely associated with the mutual exchange of love notes in the form of "valentines." Modern Valentine symbols include the heart-shaped outline and the figure of the winged Cupid.

The day's associations with romantic love arrived after the High Middle Ages, during which the concept of romantic love was formulated. The history of Valentine's day can be traced back to an obscure Catholic Church feast day, said to be in honor of Saint Valentine, are discussed below. Valentine's Day falls on February 14, and is the traditional day on which lovers in certain cultures let each other know about their love, commonly by sending Valentine's cards, which are often anonymous. Valentine secretly helped arrange marriages.

During a ban on marriages of Roman soldiers by the Emperor Claudius II, St. Valentine was to be martyred for being a Christian, he passed a love note to his jailer's daughter which read, "From Your Valentine.". On the evening before St. a martyr in North Africa, about whom little else is known.

a bishop of Interamna (modern Terni) also suffered martyrdom in the second half of the 3rd century and was also buried on the Via Flaminia, but in a different location than the priest. a priest in Rome who suffered martyrdom in the second half of the 3rd century and was buried on the Via Flaminia.