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William McKinley

The name "Mckinley" redirects here. For other uses, see McKinley, including Mount McKinley.

William McKinley (January 29, 1843 – September 14, 1901) was the 25th President of the United States, from 1897 until his assassination in 1901. His term is remembered for expanding the territories and colonies of the United States through a period of great expansion and conquest, including the annexation of Cuba and the Philippines following the Spanish-American War, and the acquisition of Hawaii by the U.S.

Biography

Born in Niles, Ohio on Sunday January 29, 1843, William McKinley was the seventh of nine children. His parents, William and Nancy (Allison) McKinley were of Scottish ancestry. He attended the public schools, Poland Academy, and Allegheny College, but McKinley fell ill and had to return home. While at Allegheny, McKinley joined the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity; at his later inauguration as president the only jewelry that McKinley wore was his fraternity pin. On June 23, 1861, at the start of the American Civil War, he enlisted in the Union Army, as a private in the Twenty-third Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. McKinley saw combat in several battles; at Antietam he was promoted from commissary sergeant by his commander (and fellow future US President) Rutherford B. Hayes for delivering rations under enemy fire. He was promoted several times during the war, and was eventually mustered out as Captain and brevet Major of the same regiment in September 1865.

Following the war, McKinley attended Albany Law School in Albany, New York, being admitted to the bar in 1867. He commenced practice in Canton, Ohio. He was prosecuting attorney of Stark County, Ohio, from 1869 to 1871, and was elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh U.S. Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883). He was chairman of the Committee on Revision of the Laws (Forty-seventh Congress). He presented his credentials as a Member-elect to the Forty-eighth Congress and served from March 4, 1883 until May 27, 1884, when he was succeeded by Jonathan H. Wallace, who successfully contested his election. McKinley was again elected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891). He was chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means (Fifty-first Congress). In 1890, he authored the unpopular McKinley Tariff.

McKinley was an unsuccessful candidate for re-election in 1890 to the Fifty-second Congress. He was a delegate to the Republican National Conventions in 1884, 1888, and 1892. Standing for election with his running mate Andrew L. Harris, McKinley was elected Governor of Ohio in 1891, and re-elected in 1893, serving until January 13, 1896.

Presidency

William McKinley was elected President of the United States in 1896, defeating William Jennings Bryan.

In 1898, McKinley launched the trust-busting era when he appointed several Senators (and his former Lt. Governor Andrew L. Harris) to the U.S. Industrial Commission. Later, the Industrial Commission's report to Theodore Roosevelt would lay the groundwork for Roosevelt's attacks on trusts and 'malefactors of great wealth'.

McKinley led the country into the Spanish-American War, bringing the former colonies of Spain in the Philippines and Caribbean Sea under American control. Despite some vocal domestic opposition, his administration ushered the U.S. into the "New Imperialism" of the era.

He was re-elected in 1900, again beating Bryan.

Leon Czolgosz shoots President McKinley with a concealed revolver.

Assassination

McKinley was shot by Leon F. Czolgosz, a fervent Anarchist, on September 6, 1901, while attending the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. He died of blood poisoning from his infected wounds at the house of John Milburn (currently, Canisius High School is located on the site), at 2:15 a.m. on Saturday September 14, 1901. He was the third U.S. president to be assassinated. His body was interred in the McKinley Monument adjacent to West Lawn Cemetery in Canton, Ohio. President Theodore Roosevelt, Ohio Governor Andrew L. Harris and other speakers saluted the fallen President at the McKinley Memorial.

Trivia

McKinley's portrait appeared on the U.S. $500 bill from 1928 to 1946.

McKinley had a pet parrot named 'Washington Post'.

Cabinet


Supreme Court appointments

McKinley appointed the following Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States:

  • Joseph McKenna: 1898

Significant events during presidency

  • Dingley Tariff (1897)
  • Maximum Freight Case (1897)
  • Spanish-American War (1898)
  • Gold Standard Act (1900)

Monuments and memorials

  • McKinley Monument, Buffalo, New York
  • McKinley County, New Mexico is named in his honor.
  • Mount McKinley, Alaska is named after him.

Media




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. Question marks indicate products no longer sold as of 2005, but the year of withdrawal is unknown. McKinley appointed the following Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States:. See also: List of Sony Trademarks.
. Examples include:.

McKinley had a pet parrot named 'Washington Post'. Since then, Sony has continued to introduce its own versions of storage technologies, with varying success. $500 bill from 1928 to 1946. In the end, VHS gained critical mass in the marketplace and became the worldwide standard for consumer VCRs and Sony had no choice but to capitulate. McKinley's portrait appeared on the U.S. The most infamous of these was the videotape format war of the early 1980s, when Sony marketed its Betamax system for video cassette recorders against the VHS format developed by JVC. Harris and other speakers saluted the fallen President at the McKinley Memorial. Sony has historically been notable for creating its own in-house standards for new recording and storage technologies instead of adopting those of other manufacturers and standards bodies.

President Theodore Roosevelt, Ohio Governor Andrew L. Washington Post: Pay Judgment Or Game Over, Sony Warned. His body was interred in the McKinley Monument adjacent to West Lawn Cemetery in Canton, Ohio. district court judge ruled on the matter in March, 2005 and not only agreed with the federal jury's ruling but also added another US$8.7 million in damages. president to be assassinated. A U.S. He was the third U.S. In 2004 a federal jury agreed with Immersion, awarding the company US$82 million in damages.

on Saturday September 14, 1901. of San Jose, California which claimed that Sony's PlayStation "Dual Shock" controllers infringed on Immersion's patents. He died of blood poisoning from his infected wounds at the house of John Milburn (currently, Canisius High School is located on the site), at 2:15 a.m. In 2002, Sony Computer Entertainment America, marketer of the popular PlayStation game consoles, was sued by Immersion Corp. Czolgosz, a fervent Anarchist, on September 6, 1901, while attending the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. On September 13th 2004 a Sony-led consortium finalised the deal to purchase famous film studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer for about $5 Billion, including $2Bn in debts. McKinley was shot by Leon F. The new company will be called Sony BMG and will, together with RIAA partner Universal, control 60% of the world wide music market.

He was re-elected in 1900, again beating Bryan. On July 20th, 2004, the EU approved a 50-50 merger between Sony Music Entertainment and BMG. into the "New Imperialism" of the era. Sony also owns television channels in India and channels aimed at Indian communities in Europe. Despite some vocal domestic opposition, his administration ushered the U.S. Sony acquired Aiwa Corporation in 2002. McKinley led the country into the Spanish-American War, bringing the former colonies of Spain in the Philippines and Caribbean Sea under American control. In 2000, Sony had sales of US $63 billion and 189,700 employees.

Later, the Industrial Commission's report to Theodore Roosevelt would lay the groundwork for Roosevelt's attacks on trusts and 'malefactors of great wealth'. It was subsequently renamed "Sony Pictures Entertainment" in 1991. Industrial Commission. In 1989, Sony acquired Columbia Pictures Entertainment from Coca Cola for US $3.4 billion. Harris) to the U.S. It was renamed "Sony Music Entertainment". Governor Andrew L. In 1988, Sony acquired CBS (Columbia) Records Group from CBS.

In 1898, McKinley launched the trust-busting era when he appointed several Senators (and his former Lt. [2]. William McKinley was elected President of the United States in 1896, defeating William Jennings Bryan. also announced on the same date that current president, Kunitake Ando, will step down and be replaced by Ryoji Chubachi. Harris, McKinley was elected Governor of Ohio in 1891, and re-elected in 1893, serving until January 13, 1896. Sony Corp. Standing for election with his running mate Andrew L. Sony's decision to replace Idei with Wales native Howard Stringer will mark the first time that a foreigner will run a major Japanese electronics firm.

He was a delegate to the Republican National Conventions in 1884, 1888, and 1892. announced that Nobuyuki Idei will step down as Chairman and Group CEO and will be replaced by Briton Sir Howard Stringer, current Chairman and CEO of Sony Corporation of America, Corporate Executive Officer, Vice Chairman and COO Sony Entertainment Business Group. McKinley was an unsuccessful candidate for re-election in 1890 to the Fifty-second Congress. On March 7th, 2005, Sony Corp. In 1890, he authored the unpopular McKinley Tariff. However, this huge growth in portable transistor radio sales, that saw Sony rise to be the dominant player in the consumer electronics field, [1] was not because of the consumers who had bought the earlier generation of tube radio consoles, but was driven by a distinctly new American phenomenon at the time called Rock and Roll. He was chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means (Fifty-first Congress). market and launched the new industry of consumer microelectronics." By the mid 1950s, American teens had began buying portable transistor radios in huge numbers, helping to propel the fledgling industry from an estimated 100,000 units in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by the end of 1958.

McKinley was again elected to the Forty-ninth, Fiftieth, and Fifty-first Congresses (March 4, 1885-March 3, 1891). The TR-63 of 1957 cracked open the U.S. Wallace, who successfully contested his election. On page 209 of the book The Portable Radio in American Life by University of Arizona professor Michael Brian Schiffer, Ph.D., he wrote: "Sony was not first, but its transistor radio was the most successful. He presented his credentials as a Member-elect to the Forty-eighth Congress and served from March 4, 1883 until May 27, 1884, when he was succeeded by Jonathan H. The TR-63 was a shirt pocket transistor radio that was exported all over the world. He was chairman of the Committee on Revision of the Laws (Forty-seventh Congress). and a great sales success worldwide.

Congress (March 4, 1877-March 3, 1883). The following year, 1957, Sony came out with the TR-63 model, the then smallest (112 x 71 x 32 mm) set in commercial production. He was prosecuting attorney of Stark County, Ohio, from 1869 to 1871, and was elected as a Republican to the Forty-fifth, Forty-sixth, and Forty-seventh U.S. That same year they made the TR-6, a coat pocket radio which was used by the company to create its "SONY boy" advertising character. He commenced practice in Canton, Ohio. In 1956, Sony reportedly manufactured about 40,000 of its Model TR-72 box-like portable transistor radios and exported some of this model to North America, Holland and Germany. Following the war, McKinley attended Albany Law School in Albany, New York, being admitted to the bar in 1867. In August 1955, Sony produced its first coat-pocket sized transistor radio they registered as the TR-55 model.

He was promoted several times during the war, and was eventually mustered out as Captain and brevet Major of the same regiment in September 1865. Eventually, both Ibuka and Mitsui Bank's chairman gave their approval. Hayes for delivering rations under enemy fire. Akio Morita was firm, however, as he did not want the company name tied to any particular industry. McKinley saw combat in several battles; at Antietam he was promoted from commissary sergeant by his commander (and fellow future US President) Rutherford B. They pushed for a name such as Sony Electronic Industries, or Sony Teletech. On June 23, 1861, at the start of the American Civil War, he enlisted in the Union Army, as a private in the Twenty-third Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry. The move was not without opposition: TTK's principal bank at the time, Mitsui, had strong feelings about the name.

While at Allegheny, McKinley joined the Sigma Alpha Epsilon fraternity; at his later inauguration as president the only jewelry that McKinley wore was his fraternity pin. At the time of the change, it was extremely unusual for a Japanese company to use Roman letters instead of Chinese characters to spell its name. He attended the public schools, Poland Academy, and Allegheny College, but McKinley fell ill and had to return home. However "Sonny" seemed not to be appropriate since it sounds too much like the Japanese soh-nee which means something like "business goes bad", Akio Morita pushed for a word that does not exist in any language so that they could claim the word "Sony" as their own (which paid off when they sued a candy producer who also used the name who claimed that "Sony" was just an existing word in some language). His parents, William and Nancy (Allison) McKinley were of Scottish ancestry. The name "Sony" was chosen for the brand as a mix of the Latin word sonus, which is the root of sonic and sound, the English word "sunny", and from the word Sonny-boys which is Japanese slang for "whizz kids". Born in Niles, Ohio on Sunday January 29, 1843, William McKinley was the seventh of nine children. The primary reason they did not, is that the railway company Tokyo Kyuko was known as TKK.

. When Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo was looking for a romanized name to use to market themselves, they strongly considered using their initials, TTK. His term is remembered for expanding the territories and colonies of the United States through a period of great expansion and conquest, including the annexation of Cuba and the Philippines following the Spanish-American War, and the acquisition of Hawaii by the U.S. Today Norio Ohga is Honorary Chairman, Howard Stringer is Chairman and CEO, and Ryoji Chubachi is President and Electronics CEO. William McKinley (January 29, 1843 – September 14, 1901) was the 25th President of the United States, from 1897 until his assassination in 1901. As it grew into a major international corporation, Sony acquired other companies with longer histories, including Columbia Records (the oldest continuously produced brand name in recorded sound, dating back to 1888). Mount McKinley, Alaska is named after him. Their first consumer product, in the late 1940s, was a rice boiler.

McKinley County, New Mexico is named in his honor. Sony was founded by Masaru Ibuka and Akio Morita on May 7, 1946 as the Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering with about 20 employees. McKinley Monument, Buffalo, New York. . Gold Standard Act (1900). See also Sony Corporation shareholders and subsidiaries. Spanish-American War (1898). Sony Corporation is traded on the Tokyo Stock Exchange under number 6758 and on the NYSE as SNE through ADR.

Maximum Freight Case (1897). It is currently one of the world's largest producers of consumer electronics and is one of the biggest corporations in Japan. Dingley Tariff (1897). Sony Corporation (Japanese katakana: ソニー) (TYO: 6758), NYSE: SNE is a global consumer electronics corporation based in Tokyo, Japan. Joseph McKenna: 1898. (The University of Arizona Press, 1991). The Portable Radio in American Life by University of Arizona Professor Michael Brian Schiffer, Ph.D.

SONY Radio, Sony Transistor Radio 35th Anniversary 1955-1990 - information booklet (1990). Made in Japan by Akio Morita and SONY, Harper Collins (1994). The story of Sony's foray into the American commercial market is documented in Terry Sanders' film The Japan Project: Made in Japan. PlayStation 3 (Spring 2006).

Librie (2004-). Universal Media Disc (UMD) (2004-). PlayStation Portable (2004-). Qrio (2003-).

PSX (2003-). Blu-Ray Disc (2003-). Qualia (2003-). HDV (2003-).

SonicStage (2003 - ). MicroMV (2002-). CLIÉ (2000-2005). Aibo (1999-).

PlayStation 2 (1999-). Super Audio CD (1998-). HiFD (1998-2001). Memory Stick (1998-).

Ruvi (1998-1999). Digital Mavica (1997-). VAIO (1997-). FD Trinitron (1996-).

Digital8 (1999-). Cyber-shot (1996-). MiniDV (1995-). DV (1995-).

Magic Link (1994-1997). PlayStation (later PS one) (1994-2004). MiniDisc (1992-). NT (1991-??).

Video Walkman (1989-). Hi8 (1989-). CD-R (with Phillips) (1988-). D2 (1988-).

NEWS (1987-??). DAT (1987-). D1 (1987-). Video8 (1985-??).

Handycam (1985-). CD-ROM (1985-). Discman (1984-). 3½" diskette (1983-).

Compact Disc (1982-). Betacam (1982-). Mavica (1981-??). DASH (1980).

Walkman (1979-). Elcaset (1976-1980). Betamax (1975-1998). U-matic (1971-1983).

Trinitron (1968-). Transistor radios (1955-). Reel-to-reel tape recorders (1950-??). The Sony PlayStation Portable uses the proprietary Universal Media Disc format to store games and movies.

However, both formats have significant industry backing and it is unclear whether this will prove to be a mistake for Sony, or whether their format will win out. Sony has been accused of repeating mistakes with its Blu-Ray disc format, which looks likely to compete with Toshiba's HD-DVD format. Until late 2004, Sony's Network Walkman line of digital portable music players did not support the MP3 de facto standard natively, although the software provided with them would convert MP3 files into the ATRAC or ATRAC3 formats. Since the introduction of the MiniDisc format, Sony has attempted to promote its own audio compression technologies under the ATRAC brand, against more widely-used formats like MP3 or even Windows Media Audio.

Ultimately SDDS has been vastly overshadowed by the preferred DTS (Digital Theatre System) and Dolby Digital standards in both the motion picture industry and home audio formats. Unlike Dolby Digital, SDDS utilized a method of backup by having mirrored arrays of bits on both sides of the film which acted as a measure of reliability in case the film was partially damaged. In 1993 Sony challenged the industry standard Dolby Digital 5.1 surround sound format with its newer and more advanced proprietary motion picture digital audio format called SDDS (Sony Dynamic Digital Sound) This format employed eight channels (7.1) of audio opposed to just six used in Dolby Digital 5.1 at the time. It also attempted to compete with the Iomega Zip drive and Imation SuperDisk with their HiFD, but this proved a severe failure.

Sony also makes heavy use of its Memory Stick flash memory cards for digital cameras and other portable devices, which few other manufacturers use. which left it in an awkward position when rivals later adopted CD-R and MP3. MiniDisc was created by Sony to replace cassette tapes.