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| State nickname: The Evergreen State | |
| Other U.S. States | |
| Capital | Olympia |
| Largest city | Seattle |
| Governor | Christine Gregoire |
| Official languages | None |
| Area | 184,824 km² (18th) |
| - Land | 172,587 km² |
| - Water | 12,237 km² (6.6%) |
| Population (2000) | |
| - Population | 5,894,121 (15th) |
| - Density | 34.20 /km² (25th) |
| Admission into Union | |
| - Date | November 11, 1889 |
| - Order | 42nd |
| Time zone | Pacific: UTC-8/-7 |
| Latitude | 45°32' N to 49° N |
| Longitude | 116°57' W to 124°48' W |
| Width | 385 km |
| Length | 580 km |
| Elevation | |
| - Highest | 4,392 m |
| - Mean | 520 m |
| - Lowest | 0 m |
| Abbreviations | |
| - USPS | WA |
| - ISO 3166-2 | US-WA |
| Web site | access.wa.gov |
Washington is a state in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. The state capital is Olympia and the largest city in Washington is Seattle. As of the 2000 census, the state population was approximately 5.9 million and the state work force numbered about 3.1 million. Residents are called "Washingtonians" (emphasis on the third syllable, which rhymes with bone).
It should not be confused with Washington, D.C., the nation's capital. To avoid confusion, the capital is often called simply D.C., and the state often called Washington State.
Washington is the only state named after a president, which was George Washington.
The battleship USS Washington was named originally for President Washington, but was later renamed in honor of the state.
Prior to the arrival of explorers from Europe, this region of the Pacific Coast had many established tribes of Native Americans, each with its own unique culture. Today, they are most notable for their totem poles and their ornately carved canoes and masks. Prominent among their industries were salmon fishing and whale hunting. In the east, nomadic tribes travelled the land and missionaries such as the Whitmans settled there.
The first European record of a landing on the Washington coast was by Spanish Captain Don Bruno de Heceta in 1775 on board the Santiago, part of a two-ship flotilla with the Sonora. They claimed all the coastal lands up to the Russian possessions in the north for Spain.
In 1778, British explorer Captain James Cook sighted Cape Flattery, at the entrance to the Strait of Juan de Fuca, but the straits would not be explored until 1789 by Captain Charles W. Barkley. Further explorations of the straits were performed by Spanish explorers Manuel Quimper in 1790 and Francisco Eliza in 1791, then by British Captain George Vancouver in 1792.
The Spanish Nootka Concession of 1790 opened the northwest territory to explorers and trappers from other nations, most notably Britain and then the United States. Captain Robert Gray (for whom Grays Harbor county is named) then discovered the mouth of the Columbia river and, beginning in 1792, he established trade in Sea Otter pelts. In 1805 the Lewis and Clark expedition entered the state on October 10.
In 1819 Spain ceded their original claims to this territory to the United States. This began a period of disputed joint-occupancy by Britain and the U.S. that lasted until June 15, 1846 when Britain ceded their claims to this land with the Treaty of Oregon.
Due to the migration along the Oregon Trail, many settlers wandered north to what is now Washington State and settled the Puget Sound area. The first settlement was New Market (now known as Tumwater) in 1846. In 1853 the Northern Pacific railroad line reached Puget Sound, linking the region to the other states. During that same year Washington Territory was formed from part of Oregon Territory.
Washington became the 42nd state in the United States on November 11, 1889.
Early prominent industries in the state included agriculture and lumber. In eastern Washington the Yakima Valley became known for its apple orchards while the growth of wheat using dry-farming techniques became particularly productive. The heavy rainfall to the west of the Cascade Range produced dense forests and the ports along Puget Sound prospered from the manufacturing and shipping of lumber products, particularly the Douglas fir. Other industries that developed in the state include fishing, salmon canning and mining.
By the turn of the 20th century the state of Washington was one of dangerous repute in the minds of many Americans. Undisputably as "wild" as the rest of the wild west, the public image of Washington merely replaced cowboys with lumberjacks, and desert with forestland. One city in particular, Aberdeen, had the distinction of being "the roughest town west of the Mississippi" due to excessive gambling, violence, extreme drug use and prostitution (the city itself changed very little over the years and remained off-limits to military personnel well into the early 1980's).
For a long period Tacoma was noted for its large smelters where gold, silver, copper and lead ores were treated. Seattle was the primary port for trade with Alaska and the rest of the country and for a time possessed a large ship-building industry. The region around eastern Puget Sound developed heavy industry during the period including World War I and World War II and the Boeing company became an established icon in the area.
During the depression era a series of hydroelectric dams were constructed along the Columbia river as part of a project to increase the production of electricity. This culminated in 1941 with the completion of the Grand Coulee Dam, the largest in the United States.
During World War II the Puget Sound area became a focus for war industries with the Boeing Company producing many of the nation's heavy bombers and ports in Seattle, Bremerton and Tacoma available for the manufacturing of ships for the war effort. In eastern Washington the Hanford Works atomic energy plant was opened in 1943 and played a major role in the construction of the nation's atomic bombs.
In 1980, following a period of heavy tremors and eruptions, the northeast face of Mount St. Helens exploded outward, destroying a large part of the top of the volcano. This eruption flattened the forests for many kilometers, killed 57 people, flooded the Columbia River and its tributaries with ash and mud and blanketed large parts of Washington in ash, making day look like night.
In 2004 Washington's gubernatorial race was so close that the Secretary of State certified Republican candidate Dino Rossi as governor-elect almost a month after the polls had closed, beating out the Democratic candidate Christine Gregoire by just over two hundred votes. Due to the small margin of victory, a machine recount (required by law) took place and, by a margin of only 42 votes out of more than 2.8 million cast, Rossi won again. However, the Democrats requested a final hand count of the votes. Gregoire ended up winning this count by 129 votes and was inauguarated on January 12, 2005. The election was contested by the Washington State Republican Party. (http://www.wsrp.org), however on June 5th, 2005, Chelan County Judge John Bridges ruled against the Republicans. Rossi stated he wouldn't contest, and the controversy ended.
Washington is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west, Oregon to the south (the Columbia River forming most of this border), Idaho to the east and British Columbia, Canada to the north. It is famous for scenery of breathtaking beauty and sharp contrasts. High mountains rise above evergreen forests and sparkling coastal waters. Its coastal location and Puget Sound harbors give it a leading role in trade with Alaska, Canada, and the Pacific Rim. Puget Sound's many islands are served by one of the largest state ferry fleet in the world. Washington is a land of contrasts. The deep forests of the Olympic Peninsula are among the rainiest places in the world and the only rainforests in the continental United States, but the flat semi-desert that lies east of the Cascade Range stretches for long distances without a single tree. Snow-covered peaks tower above the foothills and lowlands around them. Mount Rainier, the highest mountain in the state, appears to "float" on the horizon southeast of Seattle and Tacoma on clear days. The eastern side of the state can be divided into two regions: the Okanogan Highlands and the Columbia River Basin.
Washington is also notable for being home to four of the five longest floating bridges in the world: the Evergreen Point Floating Bridge, Lacey V. Murrow Memorial Bridge and Homer M. Hadley Bridge over Lake Washington, and the Hood Canal Bridge connecting the Olympic and Kitsap Peninsulas.
See also Central Washington, Columbia River Plateau, Eastern Washington, Inland Empire, Kitsap Peninsula, Palouse, Western Washington.
A fuller list of Washington state's islands appears here.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2003, Washington's population was estimated at 6,131,445 people.
The racial makeup of the state is:
The five largest ancestry groups in Washington are German (18.7%), English (12%), Irish (11.4%), Norwegian (6.2%) and Mexican (5.6%).
6.7% of Washington's population were reported as under 5, 25.7% under 18, and 11.2% were 65 or older. Females made up approximately 50.2% of the population.
The religious affiliations of the citizens of Washington are:
The three largest Protestant denominations in Washington: Lutheran (8% of the total state population), Baptist (7%), Methodist (6%).
See also List of cities in Washington State, List of towns in Washington State and Washington city government
The 2003 total gross state product for Washington was $244 billion, placing it 11th in the nation. The per capita income was $33,332. Significant business within the state include the design and manufacture of jet aircraft (Boeing), computer software development (Microsoft), electronics, biotechnology, aluminum production, lumber and wood products, mining, and tourism. The state has significant amounts of hydroelectric power generation. Significant amounts of trade with Asia pass through the ports of the Puget Sound.
Washington is a leading agricultural state. (The following figures are from the Washington State Office of Financial Management (http://www.ofm.wa.gov/databook/pdf/nt14.pdf) and the Washington Agricultural Statistics Service (http://www.nass.usda.gov/wa/ssoinfo.htm).)
For 2001, the total value of Washington's agricultural products was $5.4 billion, the 12th highest in the country. The total value of its crops was $3.2 billion, the 8th highest.
In 2002 Washington ranked first in the nation in production of raspberries (87.8% of total U.S. production), hops (74.4%), spearmint oil (also 74.4%), wrinkled seed peas (65.6%), apples (60.2%), Concord grapes (51.8%), sweet cherries (48%), pears (44.9%), lentils (41.9%), peppermint oil (35.2%), carrots for processing (34.5%), tart cherries (32.8%), Niagara grapes (32.4%) and sweet corn for processing (29.2%). Washington also ranked second in the nation in grapes (all varieties taken together), apricots, asparagus (over a third of the country's production) and green peas for processing; third in the nation for wheat, prunes and plums, summer dry onions, trout and butter; fourth in barley and peaches; and fifth in cranberries and strawberries.
For Washington State symbols (like its state bird and state flower), see Washington State symbols.
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For Washington State symbols (like its state bird and state flower), see Washington State symbols. 1974-03 1321 -1107. Washington also ranked second in the nation in grapes (all varieties taken together), apricots, asparagus (over a third of the country's production) and green peas for processing; third in the nation for wheat, prunes and plums, summer dry onions, trout and butter; fourth in barley and peaches; and fifth in cranberries and strawberries. 1988- Jerry Sloan 823 - 440. production), hops (74.4%), spearmint oil (also 74.4%), wrinkled seed peas (65.6%), apples (60.2%), Concord grapes (51.8%), sweet cherries (48%), pears (44.9%), lentils (41.9%), peppermint oil (35.2%), carrots for processing (34.5%), tart cherries (32.8%), Niagara grapes (32.4%) and sweet corn for processing (29.2%). 1981-88 Frank Layden 277 - 294. In 2002 Washington ranked first in the nation in production of raspberries (87.8% of total U.S. 1979-81 Tom Nissalke 60 - 124. The total value of its crops was $3.2 billion, the 8th highest. 1977-79 Elgin Baylor 86 - 134. For 2001, the total value of Washington's agricultural products was $5.4 billion, the 12th highest in the country. 1974-77 Bill Van Breda Koff 74 - 100. (The following figures are from the Washington State Office of Financial Management (http://www.ofm.wa.gov/databook/pdf/nt14.pdf) and the Washington Agricultural Statistics Service (http://www.nass.usda.gov/wa/ssoinfo.htm).). 1974-75 Elgin Baylor 0 - 1. Washington is a leading agricultural state. 1974-75 Scotty Robertson 1 - 14. Significant amounts of trade with Asia pass through the ports of the Puget Sound. Years Coach Record. The state has
significant amounts of hydroelectric power generation. Injured Reserve (as of April 21, 2005) The 2003 total gross state product for Washington was $244 billion, placing it 11th in the nation. While the season proved disappointing on the whole, the team has seen promising performances in some of its young players, especially Bell, Giricek, Keith McLeod, and Okur. See also List of cities in Washington State, List of towns in Washington State and Washington city government. However, a series of injuries caused the team's performance to sharply decline. The three largest Protestant denominations in Washington: Lutheran (8% of the total state population), Baptist (7%), Methodist (6%). The 2004-05 season began well for the Jazz, as it won six of its first seven games behind strong performances from Boozer and Kirilenko. The religious affiliations of the citizens of Washington are:. Under a realignment plan that went into effect in 2004, the Jazz were transferred to the new Northwest Division with the Portland Trail Blazers, Denver Nuggets, Minnesota Timberwolves, and Seattle SuperSonics. Females made up approximately 50.2% of the population. In the 2004 offseason, with the free agent signings of Carlos Boozer and Mehmet Okur, the franchise was expected to again contend in the West. 6.7% of Washington's population were reported as under 5, 25.7% under 18, and 11.2% were 65 or older. Jerry Sloan finished second in the voting for the NBA Coach of the Year Award, losing to Hubie Brown of the Memphis Grizzlies. The five largest ancestry groups in Washington are German (18.7%), English (12%), Irish (11.4%), Norwegian (6.2%) and Mexican (5.6%). Led by Kirilenko, the team remained in the playoff race to the end of the season, missing out by just one game to the Denver Nuggets. The racial makeup of the state is:. In particular, Andrei Kirilenko demonstrated tremendous versatility on both offense and defense, and earned a spot in the all-star game. Census Bureau, as of 2003, Washington's population was estimated at 6,131,445 people. The team featured several unheralded players who emerged into key contributors, including Andrei Kirilenko, Raja Bell, Matt Harpring, Gordan Giricek, Carlos Arroyo and Raúl López. According to the U.S. Instead they greatly exceeded most analysts' expectations. A fuller list of Washington state's islands appears here. In the 2003–04 season, the Jazz were expected to be one of the weakest teams in the league. See also Central Washington, Columbia River Plateau, Eastern Washington, Inland Empire, Kitsap Peninsula, Palouse, Western Washington.. After that, the team declined in the standings, although they continued to make the playoffs until 2003, after which Stockton retired and Malone moved to the Los Angeles Lakers. Hadley Bridge over Lake Washington, and the Hood Canal Bridge connecting the Olympic and Kitsap Peninsulas. The Jazz won Western Conference titles in 1997 and 1998, but were defeated by the Chicago Bulls both times, each in six games. Murrow Memorial Bridge and Homer M. Though the Jazz were consistently strong in the league's regular season, earning 19 consecutive playoff appearances (1984–2003), the franchise failed to win a league championship over that time while. Washington is also notable for being home to four of the five longest floating bridges in the world: the Evergreen Point Floating Bridge, Lacey V. He retired in 2000. Mount Rainier, the highest mountain in the state, appears to "float" on the horizon southeast of Seattle and Tacoma on clear days. The eastern side of the state can be divided into two regions: the Okanogan Highlands and the Columbia River Basin. Hornacek was one of the best three-point and free throw shooters in the league. Snow-covered peaks tower above the foothills and lowlands around them. Malone went on to score the second most points in NBA history (behind only Kareem Abdul-Jabbar), and received MVP awards in 1997 and 1999. The deep forests of the Olympic Peninsula are among the rainiest places in the world and the only rainforests in the continental United States, but the flat semi-desert that lies east of the Cascade Range stretches for long distances without a single tree. Stockton and Malone developed a remarkable rapport with each other, running pick-and-roll plays with great success. "Stockton to Malone" was a common refrain, as Stockton regularly found ways to pass the ball to Malone in good scoring position. Other good players of the era included Mark Eaton, Adrian Dantley, Jeff Malone, and later Jeff Hornacek and Bryon Russell. Washington is a land of contrasts. Malone finished his career second in the record books for career points scored and would be recognized as one of the top power forwards in league history. Puget Sound's many islands are served by one of the largest state ferry fleet in the world. The Jazz became one of the most successful teams throughout the late 1980's and throughout the 1990's. Stockton eventually set NBA records for the most career steals and assists, and would be recognized as one of the top point guards in league history. Its coastal location and Puget Sound harbors give it a leading role in trade with Alaska, Canada, and the Pacific Rim. However, the pair flourished under the guidance of Frank Layden and later Jerry Sloan. High mountains rise above evergreen forests and sparkling coastal waters. In 1985 the team drafted Karl Malone from Louisiana Tech. It is famous for scenery of breathtaking beauty and sharp contrasts. That spring, the Jazz drafted John Stockton from Gonzaga. Washington is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west, Oregon to the south (the Columbia River forming most of this border), Idaho to the east and British Columbia, Canada to the north. In Utah, the team continued to languish toward the bottom of the standings until the 1983-1984 season, when it won the Midwest Division title and advanced to the second round of the playoffs. Rossi stated he wouldn't contest, and the controversy ended. Although the team nickname was not fitting for Salt Lake City – known more as a center for Mormon culture than as a mecca for jazz music; the franchise decided to keep it. The election was contested by the Washington State Republican Party. (http://www.wsrp.org), however on June 5th, 2005, Chelan County Judge John Bridges ruled against the Republicans. After five losing seasons in New Orleans, they moved to Salt Lake City, Utah in 1979. Gregoire ended up winning this count by 129 votes and was inauguarated on January 12, 2005. Though Maravich was viewed as one of the NBA's most entertaining and talented players, the Jazz were continually a losing team. However, the Democrats requested a final hand count of the votes. The franchise proved unsuccessful, both on the court and financially, even after the addition of "Pistol" Pete Maravich as the star player. Due to the small
margin of victory, a machine recount (required by law) took place and, by a margin of only 42 votes out of more than 2.8 million
cast, Rossi won again. In 1974 the Jazz franchise began in New
Orleans. In 2004 Washington's gubernatorial race was so close that the Secretary of State certified Republican candidate Dino Rossi as governor-elect almost a month after the polls had closed, beating out the
Democratic candidate Christine Gregoire by just over two hundred votes. In 1980, following a period of heavy tremors and eruptions, the northeast face of Mount St. F - #47 Andrei Kirilenko (Андрей Кириленко) (Russia). In eastern Washington the Hanford Works atomic energy plant was opened in 1943 and played a major role in the construction of the nation's atomic bombs. PF - #5 Carlos Boozer (Duke). During World War II the Puget Sound area became a focus for war industries with the Boeing Company producing many of the nation's heavy bombers and ports in Seattle, Bremerton and Tacoma available for the manufacturing of ships for the war effort. SG - #3 Kirk Snyder (Nevada). This culminated in 1941 with the completion of the Grand Coulee Dam, the largest in the United States. PG - #2 Randy Livingston (LSU). During the depression era a series of hydroelectric dams were constructed along the Columbia river as part of a project to increase the production of electricity. PF - #44 Ben Handgloten (Western Michigan). The region around eastern Puget Sound developed heavy industry during the period including World War I and World War II and the Boeing company became an established icon in the area. PG - #6 Howard Eisley (Boston College). Seattle was the primary port for trade with Alaska and the rest of the country and for a time possessed a large ship-building industry. C - #22 Curtis Borchard (Stanford). For a long period Tacoma was noted for its large smelters where gold, silver, copper and lead ores were treated. SG - #19 Raja Bell (FIU). One city in particular, Aberdeen, had the distinction of being "the roughest town west of the Mississippi" due to excessive gambling, violence, extreme drug use and prostitution (the city itself changed very little over the years and remained off-limits to military personnel well into the early 1980's). PF - #43 Kris Humphries (Minnesota). By the turn of the 20th century the state of Washington was one of dangerous repute in the minds of many Americans. Undisputably as "wild" as the rest of the wild west, the public image of Washington merely replaced cowboys with lumberjacks, and desert with forestland. C - #13 Mehmet Okur (Turkey). Other industries that developed in the state include fishing, salmon canning and mining. SG - #10 Gordan Girićek (Croatia). The heavy rainfall to the west of the Cascade Range produced dense forests and the ports along Puget Sound prospered from the manufacturing and shipping of lumber products, particularly the Douglas fir. PG - #25 Keith McLeod (Bowling Green). In eastern Washington the Yakima Valley became known for its apple orchards while the growth of wheat using dry-farming techniques became particularly productive. C - #31 Jarron Collins (Stanford). Early prominent industries in the state included agriculture and lumber. SF - #15 Matt Harpring (Georgia Tech). Washington became the 42nd state in the United States on November 11, 1889. 53 Mark Eaton. During that same year Washington Territory was formed from part of Oregon Territory. 35 Darrell Griffith. In 1853 the Northern Pacific railroad line reached Puget Sound, linking the region to the other states. 14 Jeff Hornacek. The first settlement was New Market (now known as Tumwater) in 1846. 12 John Stockton. Due to the migration along the Oregon Trail, many settlers wandered north to what is now Washington State and settled the Puget Sound area. 7 Pete Maravich. that lasted until June 15, 1846 when Britain ceded their claims to this land with the Treaty of Oregon. 1 Frank Layden. This began a period of disputed joint-occupancy by Britain and the U.S. Thurl Bailey. In 1819 Spain ceded their original claims to this territory to the United States. Darrell Griffith. In 1805 the Lewis and Clark expedition entered the state on October 10. John Stockton. Captain Robert Gray (for whom Grays Harbor county is named) then discovered the mouth of the Columbia river and, beginning in 1792, he established trade in Sea Otter pelts. Mark Eaton. The Spanish Nootka Concession of 1790 opened the northwest territory to explorers and trappers from other nations, most notably Britain and then the United States. Jeff Hornacek. Further explorations of the straits were performed by Spanish explorers Manuel Quimper in 1790 and Francisco Eliza in 1791, then by British Captain George Vancouver in 1792. Karl Malone. Barkley. Jeff Malone. In 1778, British explorer Captain James Cook sighted Cape Flattery, at the entrance to the Strait of Juan de Fuca, but the straits would not be explored until 1789 by Captain Charles W. Adrian Dantley. They claimed all the coastal lands up to the Russian possessions in the north for Spain. Walt Bellamy - only played one game with the Jazz. The first European record of a landing on the Washington coast was by Spanish Captain Don Bruno de Heceta in 1775 on board the Santiago, part of a two-ship flotilla with the Sonora. Pete Maravich. In the east, nomadic tribes travelled the land and missionaries such as the Whitmans settled there. Prominent among their industries were salmon fishing and whale hunting. Today, they are most notable for their totem poles and their ornately carved canoes and masks. Prior to the arrival of explorers from Europe, this region of the Pacific Coast had many established tribes of Native Americans, each with its own unique culture. The battleship USS Washington was named originally for President Washington, but was later renamed in honor of the state. Washington is the only state named after a president, which was George Washington. To avoid confusion, the capital is often called simply D.C., and the state often called Washington State. It should not be confused with Washington, D.C., the nation's capital. As of the 2000 census, the state population was approximately 5.9 million and the state work force numbered about 3.1 million. Residents are called "Washingtonians" (emphasis on the third syllable, which rhymes with bone). The state capital is Olympia and the largest city in Washington is Seattle. Washington is a state in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. List of Music Artists from Washington State. Washington State Park System. Music of Washington. Bellingham. Port Townsend. Bremerton. Yakima. Wenatchee. Walla Walla. Tri-Cities. Everett. Vancouver. Aberdeen. Redmond. Bellevue. Tacoma. Spokane. Olympia. Seattle. Non-Religious – 15%. Other Religions – 2%. Other Christian – 4%. Roman Catholic – 19%. Protestant – 55%. 3.6% mixed race. 1.6% American Indian. 5.5% Asian. 7.5% Hispanic. 3.2% Black. 78.9% White. Mount Olympus. Olympic Mountains
Mount Rainier. Glacier Peak. Mount Baker. Mount Adams. Cascade Range
Vashon Island. Whidbey Island. San Juan Islands. Camano Island. Bainbridge Island. Puget Sound
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