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Virginia

For other uses, see Virginia (disambiguation).
State nickname: Old Dominion
Other U.S. States
Capital Richmond
Largest city Virginia Beach
Governor Mark R. Warner
Official languages English
Area 110,862 kmē (35th)
 - Land 102,642 kmē
 - Water 8,220 kmē (7.4%)
Population (2000)
 - Population 7,196,750 (12th)
 - Density 69.03 /kmē (14th)
Admission into Union
 - Date June 25, 1788
 - Order 10th
Time zone Eastern: UTC-5/-4
Latitude 36°31'N to 39°37'N
Longitude 75°13'W to 83°37'W
Width 320 km
Length 690 km
Elevation
 - Highest 1,746 m
 - Mean 290 m
 - Lowest 0 m
Abbreviations
 - USPS VA
 - ISO 3166-2 US-VA
Web site www.virginia.gov

Virginia is one of the original 13 states of the United States that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution and is generally classified as part of the South. Its official name is the Commonwealth of Virginia; it is one of four states which use the name commonwealth.

Kentucky and West Virginia were part of Virginia at the time of the founding of the United States, but the former was admitted to the Union as a separate state in 1792 while the latter broke away from Virginia during the American Civil War.

Virginia is known as the "Mother of Presidents", as more U.S. Presidents (8) were born in this state than in any other. Five of them were re-elected to a second term: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, and Woodrow Wilson. William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, and Zachary Taylor round out the list of American Presidents from the Commonwealth of Virginia. (Historical footnote: both Harrison and Taylor died while in office.)

History

Among Native American people living in what now is Virginia were the Powhatan, Nottaway, Meherrin, Pohick, Monacan, Saponi, and Cherokee.

At the end of the 16th century when England began to colonize North America, "Virginia" was the name Queen Elizabeth I of England (who was known as the "Virgin Queen" because she never married) gave to the whole area explored by the 1584 expedition of Sir Walter Raleigh along the coast of North America, eventually applying to the whole coast from South Carolina to Maine. The London Virginia Company became incorporated as a joint stock company by a royal charter drawn up on April 10, 1606. It swiftly financed the first permanent English settlement in the New World which was at Jamestown in the Virginia Colony in 1607. Its Second Charter was officially ratified on May 23, 1609.

Virginia was given its nickname "The Old Dominion" by King Charles II of England at the time of the Restoration for remaining loyal to the crown during the English Civil War. Patrick Henry served as the first Governor of Virginia, from 1776 to 1779, and again from 1784 to 1786. On June 12, 1776, the Virginia Convention adopted the Virginia Declaration of Rights, a document that influenced the Bill of Rights added later to the United States Constitution. On June 29, 1776, the convention adopted a constitution that established Virginia as a commonwealth independent of the British Empire. In 1790 both Virginia and Maryland ceded territory to form the new District of Columbia, but in an Act of the U.S. Congress dated July 9, 1846, the area south of the Potomac that had been ceded by Virginia was retroceded to Virginia effective 1847, and is now Arlington County and part of the City of Alexandria.

Virginia is one of the states that seceded from the Union to become the Confederacy during the Civil War. When it did, some counties were separated as Kanawha (later renamed West Virginia), an act which was upheld by the United States Supreme Court in 1870.

Virginia formally rejoined the Union on January 26, 1870, after a period of post-war military rule.

On January 13, 1990, Douglas Wilder became the first African American to serve as Governor of a US state since Reconstruction when he was elected Governor of Virginia.

Law and government

The capital is Richmond: the current Governor is Mark Warner, a Democrat. Previous capitals included Jamestown (1609-1699) and Williamsburg (1699-1780). The Virginia State Capitol building in Richmond was designed by Thomas Jefferson and the cornerstone was laid by Governor Patrick Henry in 1785.

In colonial Virginia, the lower house of the legislature was called the House of Burgesses. Together with the Governor's Council, the House of Burgesses made up the General Assembly. The Governor's Council was composed of 12 men appointed by the British Monarch to advise the Governor. The Council also served as the General Court of the colony, a colonial equivalent of a Supreme Court. Members of the House of Burgesses were chosen by all those who could vote in the colony. Each county chose two people or burgesses to represent it, while the College of William and Mary and the cities of Norfolk, Williamsburg, and Jamestown each chose one burgess. The Burgesses met to make laws for the colony and set the direction for its future growth; the Council would then review the laws and either approve or disapprove them. The approval of the Burgesses, the Council, and the Governor was needed to pass a law. The idea of electing burgesses was important and new. It gave Virginians a chance to control their own government for the first time. At first the burgesses were elected by all free men in the colony. Women, indentured servants, and Native Americans could not vote. Later the rules for voting changed, making it necessary for men to own at least fifty acres (200,000 mē) of land in order to vote. Founded in 1619, the Virginia General Assembly is still in existence as the oldest legislature in the Western Hemisphere. Today, the General Assembly is made up of the Senate and the House of Delegates.

Like many other states, by the 1850s Virginia featured a state legislature, several executive officers, and an independent judiciary. By the time of the Constitution of 1901, which lasted longer than any other state constitution, the General Assembly continued as the legislature, the Supreme Court of Appeals acted as the judiciary, and the eight elected executive officers were the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of the Commonwealth, State Treasurer, Auditor of Public Accounts, Superintendent of Public Instruction, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Immigration. The Constitution of 1901 was amended many times, notably in the 1930s and 1950s, before it was abandoned in favour of more modern government, with fewer elected officials, reformed local governments, and a more streamlined judiciary.

Virginia currently functions under the 1971 Constitution of Virginia. It is the state's ninth constitution. Under the Constitution, the State Government is composed of three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial.

The legislative branch or state legislature is the Virginia General Assembly, a bicameral body whose 140 members make all state laws. Members of the Virginia House of Delegates serve two-year terms, while members of the Virginia Senate serve four-year terms. The General Assembly also selects the state's Auditor of Public Accounts.

The executive branch comprises the Governor of Virginia, the Lieutenant Governor of Virginia, and the state Attorney General. All three officers are separately elected to four-year terms in years following Presidential elections (1997, 2001, 2005, etc).

The Governor serves as chief executive officer of the Commonwealth and as Commander-in-Chief of the State Militia. State law forbids any Governor from serving consecutive terms. The Lieutenant Governor serves as President of the Senate of Virginia and is first in the line of succession to the Governor. The Attorney General is chief legal advisor to the Governor and the General Assembly, chief prosecutor of the state, and the head of the Department of Law. The Attorney General is second in the line of succession to the Governor.

The Office of the Governor's Secretaries helps manage the Governor's Cabinet, comprised of the following individuals, all appointed by the Governor:

The judicial branch comprehends the Supreme Court of Virginia, the Virginia Court of Appeals, the General District Courts and the Circuit Courts. The Virginia Supreme Court, composed of the chief justice and six other judges is the highest court in the Commonwealth (although, as with all the states, the U.S. Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction over decisions by the Virginia Supreme Court involving substantial questions of U.S. Constitution law or constitutional rights). The Chief Justice and the Virginia Supreme Court also serve as the administrative body for the entire Virginia court system.

The 95 counties and the 39 independent cities all have their own governments, usually a county board of supervisors or city council which choose a city manager or county administrator to serve as a professional, non-political chief administrator under the council-manager form of government. There are exceptions, notably Richmond, Virginia, which has a popularly-elected Mayor who serves as chief executive separate from the city council.

Geography

Map of Virginia

See also: List of Virginia counties, List of Virginia rivers, Lost Counties, Cities and Towns of Virginia

Virginia is bordered by West Virginia, Maryland, and the District of Columbia (across the Potomac River) to the north, by Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, by North Carolina and Tennessee to the south, and by Kentucky and West Virginia to the west.

Chesapeake Bay divides the state, with the eastern portion (called 'the Eastern Shore of Virginia'), a part of the Delmarva Peninsula, completely separate (an exclave) from the rest of the state.

Virginia is divided into the following 5 regions:

Virginia - topographic map

Demographics

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2003, Virginia's population was estimated at 7,386,330 people.

The racial makeup of the state is:

The 5 largest ancestry groups in Virginia are African American (19.6%), German (11.7%), American (11.2%), English (11.1%), Irish (9.8%).

6.5% of Virginia's population were reported as under 5, 24.6% under 18, and 11.2% were 65 or older. Females made up approximately 51% of the population.

Economy

Virginia's economy has long been regarded as one of the better-balanced in the United States with diverse sources of income, including military installations concentrated in the Hampton Roads area, tobacco and peanut farming all through Southside Virginia, manufacturing and transportation, and the location of Northern Virginia as a bedroom community for the federal government and its vendors. Much of Virginia is located within 11 Metropolitan Statistical Areas.

See also List of U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) in Virginia

Transportation

Virginia is served by a network of Interstate Highways, arterial highways, several limited access tollways, bridges, tunnels, and three bridge-tunnel complexes.

Major airports are located in Arlington, Dulles, Richmond, Norfolk, and Roanoke.

Virginia has extensive waterways. In addition to the lower portion of the Chesapeake Bay, navigable rivers include the Elizabeth River at Hampton Roads, the James River, the York River, The Rappahanock River, and the Potomac River. Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway passes through eastern Virginia.

Virginia has Amtrak passenger rail service along several corridors and Virginia Railway Express (VRE) maintains two commuter lines into Washington, DC.

Religion

The religious affiliations of the citizens of Virginia are:

The three largest Protestant denominations in Virginia: Baptist (31% of the total state population), Methodist (13%), Presbyterian (4%).

Important cities and towns

Under the laws in effect in Virginia, all municipalities incorporated as cities are independent of any county. Of the 43 independent cities in the United States, 39 are in Virginia. The complete list of Virginia independent cities follows:

Some other municipalities incorporated as towns, which are not independent of a county, include:

Finally, Arlington County, which lies across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C., is a completely urbanized community, but has no incorporated area within its borders.

Colleges and universities

Professional sports teams

The Minor League Baseball Teams are:

The minor league soccer teams are:

Miscellaneous information

USS Virginia was named in honor of this state.


This page about Virginia includes information from a Wikipedia article.
Additional articles about Virginia
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USS Virginia was named in honor of this state. Bench. The minor league soccer teams are:. Starters. The Minor League Baseball Teams are:. At the 2005 trading deadline, he further added to the team by bringing in the first superstar the Warriors have had since Mullin himself, Baron Davis. Finally, Arlington County, which lies across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C., is a completely urbanized community, but has no incorporated area within its borders. He is building the team around Richardson, Dunleavy, and Murphy, complementing them with experience in Derek Fisher, a free agent signed by Golden State after 3 championships with the Los Angeles Lakers, and Calbert Cheaney, a playoff-tested sharpshooter.

Some other municipalities incorporated as towns, which are not independent of a county, include:. Chris Mullin took over as VP of Basketball Operations, hiring Mitch Richmond as his assistant and former teammates Mario Elie as an assistant coach and Rod Higgins as the general manager. The complete list of Virginia independent cities follows:. With rising star Antawn Jamison leading the team, the Warriors seemed on the rise, however, a string of injuries kept them from making it on top in the competitive Western conference. Of the 43 independent cities in the United States, 39 are in Virginia. from Duke University, and Troy Murphy from University of Notre Dame. Under the laws in effect in Virginia, all municipalities incorporated as cities are independent of any county. He did, however, draft several players who are the core of the most recent Warriors, including 2-time NBA slam dunk champion Jason Richardson from Michigan State, NCAA champion Mike Dunleavy, Jr.

The three largest Protestant denominations in Virginia: Baptist (31% of the total state population), Methodist (13%), Presbyterian (4%). He also drafted several busts such as Todd Fuller, Chris Porter, and Vonteego Cummings. The religious affiliations of the citizens of Virginia are:. Jean's team philosophy centered around "experienced veterans" and a college star when in reality, he brought in several has-been players and former standouts who were in the twilights of their career, such as Mark Price, Terry Cummings, John Starks, and Mookie Blaylock. Virginia has Amtrak passenger rail service along several corridors and Virginia Railway Express (VRE) maintains two commuter lines into Washington, DC. GM Garry St. In addition to the lower portion of the Chesapeake Bay, navigable rivers include the Elizabeth River at Hampton Roads, the James River, the York River, The Rappahanock River, and the Potomac River. Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway passes through eastern Virginia. For eleven years, to this day, the Warriors have not made the playoffs.

Virginia has extensive waterways. The team had another successful string of wins in the late 80s/early 90s with the high scoring trio of point guard Tim Hardaway, guard Mitch Richmond, and forward Chris Mullin (collectively known as Run T-M-C). However, with then coach Don Nelson wishing to go with a bigger lineup, he made a trade that not only broke up the RUN T-M-C, core by sending Richmond to the Sacramento Kings for draft day bust Billy Owens, but also sent the Warriors into a tailspin as an organization. Major airports are located in Arlington, Dulles, Richmond, Norfolk, and Roanoke. As a result, the home games of the Warriors' only West Coast championship were played not in Oakland but at the Cow Palace in Daly City. Virginia is served by a network of Interstate Highways, arterial highways, several limited access tollways, bridges, tunnels, and three bridge-tunnel complexes. So little was felt of the team's chances in the playoffs, even by their home fans, that the Coliseum Arena scheduled other events during the dates of the NBA playoffs. Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) in Virginia. That team was coached by former Warrior Al Attles, and led on the court by Rick Barry, Jamaal Wilkes, and Phil Smith.

See also List of U.S. In what many consider the biggest upset in the history of the NBA, the Warriors defeated the heavily-favored Washington Bullets in a four-game sweep. Much of Virginia is located within 11 Metropolitan Statistical Areas. As the Golden State Warriors, the franchise has only won one NBA championship, in 1974-1975. Virginia's economy has long been regarded as one of the better-balanced in the United States with diverse sources of income, including military installations concentrated in the Hampton Roads area, tobacco and peanut farming all through Southside Virginia, manufacturing and transportation, and the location of Northern Virginia as a bedroom community for the federal government and its vendors. Six "home" games were played in San Diego during that season but more significantly, none were played in San Francisco or Daly City. Females made up approximately 51% of the population. They changed their name to the Golden State Warriors for the 1971-1972 season, playing almost all home games in Oakland.

6.5% of Virginia's population were reported as under 5, 24.6% under 18, and 11.2% were 65 or older. The 1970-1971 season would be the team's last as the San Francisco Warriors. The 5 largest ancestry groups in Virginia are African American (19.6%), German (11.7%), American (11.2%), English (11.1%), Irish (9.8%). With the opening of the Oakland Coliseum Arena in 1966, the Warriors began scheduling increasing numbers of home games at that venue. The racial makeup of the state is:. After several seasons in the ABA, Barry rejoined the Warriors in 1972. Census Bureau, as of 2003, Virginia's population was estimated at 7,386,330 people. Angered by management's failure to pay him certain incentive awards he felt he was due, Barry sat out the 1967-1968 season, joining the Oakland Oaks of the rival American Basketball Association the following year.

According to the U.S. Barry was named NBA Rookie of the Year in his first season, then led the Warriors to the NBA finals in the 1966-1967 season, where the team lost (four games to two) to the team that replaced the Warriors in the City of Brotherly Love, the Philadelphia 76ers. Virginia is divided into the following 5 regions:. In 1965, the Warriors drafted Rick Barry in the first round. Chesapeake Bay divides the state, with the eastern portion (called 'the Eastern Shore of Virginia'), a part of the Delmarva Peninsula, completely separate (an exclave) from the rest of the state. The Warriors won the 1963-1964 Western Division crown, losing the NBA championship series to the Boston Celtics, four games to one. Virginia is bordered by West Virginia, Maryland, and the District of Columbia (across the Potomac River) to the north, by Chesapeake Bay and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, by North Carolina and Tennessee to the south, and by Kentucky and West Virginia to the west. In 1962, the team moved to the San Francisco Bay Area and became the San Francisco Warriors, playing most of their home games in San Francisco and at the Cow Palace in neighboring Daly City, though occasionally playing home games in nearby cities such as Oakland and San Jose.

See also: List of Virginia counties, List of Virginia rivers, Lost Counties, Cities and Towns of Virginia. On March 2, 1962, in a Warrior "home" game played in Hershey, Pennsylvania, Chamberlain scored 100 points against the Knickerbockers, a single-game record that may never be broken. There are exceptions, notably Richmond, Virginia, which has a popularly-elected Mayor who serves as chief executive separate from the city council. Known as "Wilt the Stilt," Chamberlain quickly began shattering NBA scoring records and changed the style of play forever. The 95 counties and the 39 independent cities all have their own governments, usually a county board of supervisors or city council which choose a city manager or county administrator to serve as a professional, non-political chief administrator under the council-manager form of government. In 1959, the team signed their 216-cm tall (7'1") draft pick Wilt Chamberlain. The Chief Justice and the Virginia Supreme Court also serve as the administrative body for the entire Virginia court system. The Warriors won their only other championship as a Philadelphia team in the 1955-1956 season, defeating the Fort Wayne Pistons four games to one.

Constitution law or constitutional rights). The Warriors are one of only three original BAA/NBA teams still in existence, the others being the Boston Celtics and New York Knickerbockers. Supreme Court has appellate jurisdiction over decisions by the Virginia Supreme Court involving substantial questions of U.S. Gottlieb retained the ABL Sphas until that league disbanded in 1955. The Virginia Supreme Court, composed of the chief justice and six other judges is the highest court in the Commonwealth (although, as with all the states, the U.S. (The BAA became the National Basketball Association in 1949.) The team was founded by Eddie Gottlieb, the long-time promoter of the Philadelphia Sphas, one of the mainstays of the original American Basketball League. The judicial branch comprehends the Supreme Court of Virginia, the Virginia Court of Appeals, the General District Courts and the Circuit Courts. The Philadelphia Warriors were a charter member of the Basketball Association of America, winning the championship in the league's inaugural 1946-1947 season by defeating the Chicago Stags, four games to one.

The Office of the Governor's Secretaries helps manage the Governor's Cabinet, comprised of the following individuals, all appointed by the Governor:. "Golden State" is the nickname of the state of California, derived from the 1849 Gold Rush. The Attorney General is second in the line of succession to the Governor. The Golden State Warriors are a National Basketball Association team based in Oakland, California. The Attorney General is chief legal advisor to the Governor and the General Assembly, chief prosecutor of the state, and the head of the Department of Law. He is now a silent partner and talent scout for the Warriors organization. The Lieutenant Governor serves as President of the Senate of Virginia and is first in the line of succession to the Governor. Bowens went to Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparatory High School and graduated from SFSU mastering in Criminology/Sociology.

State law forbids any Governor from serving consecutive terms. Hailing from San Francisco, he was compared to the likes of Michael Jordan when he dunked on Jason Kidd at Kezar Pavillion in a charity game. The Governor serves as chief executive officer of the Commonwealth and as Commander-in-Chief of the State Militia. 28 - Nathan Bowens although he never played in the NBA due to multiple knee surgery, his number was retired by the organization for he was suppose to be the next big thing. All three officers are separately elected to four-year terms in years following Presidential elections (1997, 2001, 2005, etc). 42 Nate Thurmond. The executive branch comprises the Governor of Virginia, the Lieutenant Governor of Virginia, and the state Attorney General. 24 Rick Barry.

The General Assembly also selects the state's Auditor of Public Accounts. 16 Al Attles. Members of the Virginia House of Delegates serve two-year terms, while members of the Virginia Senate serve four-year terms. 14 Tom Meschery. The legislative branch or state legislature is the Virginia General Assembly, a bicameral body whose 140 members make all state laws. 13 Wilt Chamberlain. Under the Constitution, the State Government is composed of three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. Free.

It is the state's ninth constitution. World B. Virginia currently functions under the 1971 Constitution of Virginia. Bernard King. By the time of the Constitution of 1901, which lasted longer than any other state constitution, the General Assembly continued as the legislature, the Supreme Court of Appeals acted as the judiciary, and the eight elected executive officers were the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Attorney General, Secretary of the Commonwealth, State Treasurer, Auditor of Public Accounts, Superintendent of Public Instruction, and Commissioner of Agriculture and Immigration. The Constitution of 1901 was amended many times, notably in the 1930s and 1950s, before it was abandoned in favour of more modern government, with fewer elected officials, reformed local governments, and a more streamlined judiciary. Manute Bol. Like many other states, by the 1850s Virginia featured a state legislature, several executive officers, and an independent judiciary. Larry Smith.

Today, the General Assembly is made up of the Senate and the House of Delegates. Jamaal Wilkes. Founded in 1619, the Virginia General Assembly is still in existence as the oldest legislature in the Western Hemisphere. Chris Webber. Later the rules for voting changed, making it necessary for men to own at least fifty acres (200,000 mē) of land in order to vote. Latrell Sprewell. Women, indentured servants, and Native Americans could not vote. Mitch Richmond.

It gave Virginians a chance to control their own government for the first time. At first the burgesses were elected by all free men in the colony. Chris Mullin. The idea of electing burgesses was important and new. Sarunas Marciulionis. The approval of the Burgesses, the Council, and the Governor was needed to pass a law. Antawn Jamison. The Burgesses met to make laws for the colony and set the direction for its future growth; the Council would then review the laws and either approve or disapprove them. Tim Hardaway.

Each county chose two people or burgesses to represent it, while the College of William and Mary and the cities of Norfolk, Williamsburg, and Jamestown each chose one burgess. Nate Thurmond. Members of the House of Burgesses were chosen by all those who could vote in the colony. Andy Phillip. The Council also served as the General Court of the colony, a colonial equivalent of a Supreme Court. Robert Parish. The Governor's Council was composed of 12 men appointed by the British Monarch to advise the Governor. Jerry Lucas.

Together with the Governor's Council, the House of Burgesses made up the General Assembly. Neil Johnston. In colonial Virginia, the lower house of the legislature was called the House of Burgesses. Tom Gola. The Virginia State Capitol building in Richmond was designed by Thomas Jefferson and the cornerstone was laid by Governor Patrick Henry in 1785. Joe Fulks. Previous capitals included Jamestown (1609-1699) and Williamsburg (1699-1780). Wilt Chamberlain.

The capital is Richmond: the current Governor is Mark Warner, a Democrat. Rick Barry. On January 13, 1990, Douglas Wilder became the first African American to serve as Governor of a US state since Reconstruction when he was elected Governor of Virginia. Paul Arizin. Virginia formally rejoined the Union on January 26, 1870, after a period of post-war military rule. SF - #3 Rodney White (Charlotte). When it did, some counties were separated as Kanawha (later renamed West Virginia), an act which was upheld by the United States Supreme Court in 1870. PF - #20 Nikoloz Tskitishvili (ნიკოლოზ ცქიტიშვილი) (Republic of Georgia).

Virginia is one of the states that seceded from the Union to become the Confederacy during the Civil War. G/F - #2 Mickael Pietrus (Guadeloupe). Congress dated July 9, 1846, the area south of the Potomac that had been ceded by Virginia was retroceded to Virginia effective 1847, and is now Arlington County and part of the City of Alexandria. PG - #4 Derek Fisher (Arkansas-Little Rock). In 1790 both Virginia and Maryland ceded territory to form the new District of Columbia, but in an Act of the U.S. G/F - #40 Calbert Cheaney (Indiana). On June 29, 1776, the convention adopted a constitution that established Virginia as a commonwealth independent of the British Empire. F - #11 Zarko Cabarkapa (Clemson).

On June 12, 1776, the Virginia Convention adopted the Virginia Declaration of Rights, a document that influenced the Bill of Rights added later to the United States Constitution. F/C - #15 Andris Biedrins (Latvia). Patrick Henry served as the first Governor of Virginia, from 1776 to 1779, and again from 1784 to 1786. SF - #34 Mike Dunleavy, Jr. (Duke). Virginia was given its nickname "The Old Dominion" by King Charles II of England at the time of the Restoration for remaining loyal to the crown during the English Civil War. PF - #1 Troy Murphy (Notre Dame). Its Second Charter was officially ratified on May 23, 1609. C - #36 Adonal Foyle (Colgate).

It swiftly financed the first permanent English settlement in the New World which was at Jamestown in the Virginia Colony in 1607. SG - #23 Jason Richardson (Michigan State). At the end of the 16th century when England began to colonize North America, "Virginia" was the name Queen Elizabeth I of England (who was known as the "Virgin Queen" because she never married) gave to the whole area explored by the 1584 expedition of Sir Walter Raleigh along the coast of North America, eventually applying to the whole coast from South Carolina to Maine. The London Virginia Company became incorporated as a joint stock company by a royal charter drawn up on April 10, 1606. PG - #5 Baron Davis (UCLA). Among Native American people living in what now is Virginia were the Powhatan, Nottaway, Meherrin, Pohick, Monacan, Saponi, and Cherokee. (Historical footnote: both Harrison and Taylor died while in office.).

William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, and Zachary Taylor round out the list of American Presidents from the Commonwealth of Virginia. Five of them were re-elected to a second term: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe, and Woodrow Wilson. Presidents (8) were born in this state than in any other. Virginia is known as the "Mother of Presidents", as more U.S.

Kentucky and West Virginia were part of Virginia at the time of the founding of the United States, but the former was admitted to the Union as a separate state in 1792 while the latter broke away from Virginia during the American Civil War. Its official name is the Commonwealth of Virginia; it is one of four states which use the name commonwealth. Virginia is one of the original 13 states of the United States that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution and is generally classified as part of the South. State song: none; the former state song, "Carry Me Back to Old Virginny," was retired in 1997 because some found its lyrics to be racially offensive.

State insect: Tiger swallowtail. State tree: Dogwood. State flower: Dogwood. State dog: American Foxhound.

State bird: Cardinal. State motto: "Sic semper tyrannis." (Thus always to tyrants.). Hampton Roads Piranhas. Northern Virginia Majestics.

W-League

    . Northern Virginia Royals. USL Second Division
      . Virginia Beach Mariners.

      Richmond Kickers. USL First Division

        . Non-Religious – 7%. Other Religions – 2%.

        Other Christian – 2%. Roman Catholic – 12%. Protestant – 74%. 2% mixed race.

        0.3% American Indian. 3.7% Asian. 4.7% Hispanic. 19.6% Black.

        70.2% White non-Hispanic. Appalachian Plateau - West of the Appalachian Mountains. Valley and Ridge - Appalachian Mountains and Shenandoah Valley Region. Blue Ridge Mountains - East of the Appalachian Mountains to the Blue Ridge Mountain Region.

        Piedmont - East of the Blue Ridge Mountains to the Tidewater Region. Tidewater - Stretching from the Atlantic coast to the fall line. Assistant to the Governor for Commonwealth Preparedness. Secretary of Transportation.

        Secretary of Technology. Secretary of Public Safety. Secretary of Natural Resources. Secretary of Health and Human Resources.

        Secretary of Finance. Secretary of Education. Secretary of the Commonwealth. Secretary of Commerce and Trade.

        Secretary of Agriculture and Forestry. Secretary of Administration. Governor's Chief of Staff.