Toy Story 2

This issue became a particularly sore spot for Pixar, leading to a fallout between Pixar CEO Steve Jobs and Disney CEO Michael Eisner, concluding in Pixar's 2004 announcement that it would not extend its deal with Disney and would instead seek other distribution partners. Canadian singer-songwriter Neil Young's "Cortez the Killer" from Zuma (1975) refers specifically to Cortés, Montezuma and the Spanish conquest of South America. However, Disney argued that as a sequel Toy Story 2 should not count as one of the five films in the deal. In Mexico today he is condemned as a modern-day damnatio memoriae, with only one statue – but half a million descendants, and one of the most remarkable stories in history. Pixar and Disney had a five-film co-production deal and with Pixar's string of successes, the company looked to renegotiate a new deal that would give it a bigger cut of the box-office take. It is extremely difficult to characterize this particular conquistador – his unspeakable atrocities, the brilliant military strategies, his desperate maneuvers to keep the ruinous plantation economy out of Mexico, the rewards for his Tlaxcalteca allies along with the rehabilitation of the nobility (including a castle for Moctezuma's heirs in Spain that still stands), his respect for Indians as worthy adversaries and family members. When Disney executives saw how impressive the in-work imagery for the sequel was, they decided to release it theatrically. He left his many mestizo and white children well cared for in his will, along with every one of their mothers.

Disney asked Pixar to make a direct-to-video sequel for the original Toy Story (like most Disney sequels). Like Columbus, he died a wealthy but embittered man; he had not become the great Caesar of Charles V's Western Empire. Toy Story 2 almost didn't make it to the theaters, however. Cortés died in Castilleja de la Cuesta, Seville province, in 1547. Toy Story 2 made over $245,000,000 in its initial US theatrical run, far surpassing the original, and in fact, every other animated movie to that date except for The Lion King, though both were later eclipsed by another Pixar movie, Finding Nemo. But the Castilian bureaucrats began to arrive, undoing all his work, and he left with his eldest and favorite son, La Malinche's child Martín Cortés, to find China, eventually returning to Europe to fight in Italy with the same son. When Buzz says goodbye to the second Buzz he gives him the Vulcan salute, a Star Trek reference. He served a term as Governor-General of "New Spain of the Ocean Sea" (as Juan de Grijalva had named Mexico before Cortés ever saw it), bringing stability and surprising civil rights to the country.

The floating platforms Buzz Lightyear hops on play "Thus Spake Zarasthustra", the theme to the 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey. When Cortés returned to New Spain from Honduras, barely alive, he was greeted with joy by a desperate, lawless population. The scene where Zurg identifies himself as Buzz's father is, of course, a reference to The Empire Strikes Back. John Ratzenberger, who plays Hamm, had a small part in The Empire Strikes Back, as Major Derlin. (Perhaps he could no longer bear to see him limp from his disfigured feet.). In the opening sequence, when Buzz is on an alien planet, and ultimately battles the evil Emperor Zurg, many of the sound effects are directly from the original Star Wars trilogy, including lightsaber sound effects, the torture droid's hum, and the scraping metal noise the AT-AT's make as they lumber across the plains of Hoth in The Empire Strikes Back. He became paranoid as well, having Cuauhtémoc hanged over the strong objections of his men. The dust in the scene where Woody meets Wheezy set a record for number of particles animated for a movie by computer. He took off on a senseless, death-defying expedition through Guatemala to Honduras to punish a fellow Spaniard who had betrayed him, and with his departure all shadow of personal authority left Mexico.

Its price is 25 cents and the headlines on the cover read:. He never forgave himself and seems to have gone somewhat mad. It is dated January 12, 1957 (which is John Lasseter's birth date). Cortés famously put Cuauhtémoc's feet to the fire to find the gold lost on La Noche Triste, but notarized testimony at his many subsequent trials (for murdering his legal wife, etc.) has abundant testimony from friends and enemies alike that this crime ruined Cortés. A Life magazine in Al's apartment features Woody riding Bullseye on its cover. The last Aztec emperor, Cuauhtémoc, surrendered to Cortés on August 13, 1521. This may be a reference to a phrase in another Tom Hanks film, Forrest Gump, "I may not be a smart man, Jenny, but I know what love is". In the end, almost the entire city of Tenochtitlán was destroyed and some 120,000 to 240,000 Aztecs killed.

Before the toys are due to cross the road to Al's Toy Barn, Slinky Dog says "I may not be a smart dog, but I know what roadkill is". Cortés genuinely wanted to spare the beautiful city, but with so many Mexica attacking them from the roofs, they were forced to pull houses down street by street. His fee for Toy Story 2 was $5,000,000. Still, they fought on long after a European city would have surrendered. Hanks' salary for portraying Woody in the original Toy Story was USD$50,000. Cortés's Indian allies suffered as well, with an estimated 40% mortality, but the effect on morale in Tenochtitlán, as they began to starve as well, must have been horrendous. Many even claim the film is superior to the original, a rare feat for a sequel. The siege of Tenochtitlán began at a time when smallpox struck with a vengeance.

The Rotten Tomatoes site lists 130 reviews for the film, all of them positive. They hid the pretty ones in the bushes, sleeping with them during the night, and setting them free in the morning (or marrying them, now that their husbands had been devoured). Critical response to Toy Story 2 was overwhelmingly positive. Spanish foot soldiers helped kill Indians for their allies to "dress out", but also rescued many of the women Cortés planned to brand on the face as slaves. The second is a Vegas-style finale production number sung by Wheezy (singing voice provided by Robert Goulet). The Tlaxcaltecas subsisted on the flesh of their massacred enemies while the "Christians" looked the other way, living on dogs and corn. The first is sung by the puppet Woody on the television as part of the "Woody's Roundup" show. Still, this phase of the campaign was arduous and brutal.

The film also includes two new versions of "You've Got A Friend In Me", the theme from the first film. The Mexica-Aztecs had been dominating other Aztec city-states for over a century, demanding ever more sacrificial victims and other tribute. Randy Newman wrote two new songs for Toy Story 2. Indian porters brought all the supplies stripped from the original fleet over the mountains from the coast, while Cortés and his allies secured all the towns around the Tenochtitlán lake system. After Hamm fails at the Buzz Lightyear video game, he flips through the channels and sees Al in an Al's Toy Barn commercial, crying since he lost his precious luggage. Cortés ordered his master shipwright, Martín López, a Basque who was arguably his most critical survivor, to build 12 brigantines for a siege of the city. The events of the airplane's cargo hold have a terrible (and hilarious) price for Al. (A third died, apparently leaving behind her infant by Cortés, the mysterious second "María" named in his will.) This major Aztec victory is still remembered as "La Noche Triste", the Night of Sorrow.

for infinity and beyond.". The women survivors included La Malinche, ten conquistadors, Alvarado's lover and two of Moctezuma's daughters in Cortés's harem. And when it's all over, I'll have Buzz Lightyear to keep me company.. Over 400 Spaniards and some 2,000 Indian allies were killed, but Cortés, Alvarado and the most skilled of the men managed to fight their way out of Tenochtitlán and escape. Woody replies "it'll be fun while it lasts. The gap in the causeway, removed to prevent their escape, was so filled with bodies the fugitives just ran across. Buzz asks Woody if he's still worried about his eventual fate. Surely the offering of the heart of such a warrior would win back their god of war, Huitzilopochtli.

At home, the toys are greeted by a fixed Wheezy, who regales them with a concert. Cortés only survived because the Mexica-Aztecs wanted him alive to sacrifice to their god of war. Jessie remains trapped in the suitcase, and Buzz and Woody ride Bullseye to rescue her from the plane's cargo hold. The fighting was ferocious, and many of the Spaniards were hindered by having loaded themselves down with as much gold as they could carry. Al takes the toys to the airport, where Buzz and his group manage to free Woody and Bullseye from the suitcase, and stick the Prospector in a little girl's backpack so he can "learn the true meaning of play-time". On the night of July 1, 1520, Cortés decided to try to break out by muffling the horses' hooves and carrying boards to fill in one of the causeways (which had been opened to prevent escape), but a woman saw them and alerted the city. The first two agree, but the Prospector locks them in the room, saying that the museum trip is his first chance (since he was never sold) and won't have Woody messing it up for him. Moctezuma was jeered and stones were thrown at him injuring him badly, and Moctezuma died a few days later.

But Woody then has a change of heart and invites Jessie, Bullseye, and the Prospector to come home to Andy with him. Cortés ordered Moctezuma to speak to his people from a palace balcony and persuade them to let the Spanish return to the coast in peace. you are a toy!" (ironically, Woody says exactly the same thing to Buzz in the first film) Woody is unconvinced and Buzz's group leaves without him. Cuitláhuac ordered his soldiers to besiege the palace housing the Spaniards and Moctezuma. Buzz reminds him "you are a child's plaything.. When Cortés returned to the palace, however, he found that Alvarado and his men had massacred the Aztec nobility and the survivors had elected a new emperor, Cuitláhuac. When they get there, Woody tells them he doesn't want to be rescued and intends to go with his new friends to Japan, since he's now a "collector's item". Years later, when asked what the new land was like, Cortés crumpled up a piece of parchment, then spread it out: "Like this," he said.

The original Buzz frees himself and follows them to the apartment. The arduous trek back over the Sierra Madre Oriental began. Buzz and his friends search for Al at Al's Toy Barn, where Buzz gets into a scuffle with another Buzz Lightyear doll (who, like Buzz in the first movie, doesn't realize he's a toy), and the new Buzz sets off with the other toys for Al's apartment, believing it to be a genuine rescue mission. (Narváez lost an eye, but worse awaited this great loser of the conquest in Florida.). Woody agrees to go with the "Roundup Gang" to the museum. When Cortés told the defeated soldiers about the city of gold, Tenochtitlán, they agreed to join him. Woody initially insists that he has to get back to Andy, but Jessie reveals how she was forgotten and eventually abandoned by her owner as she grew up, and the prospector warns Woody that he faces the same fate as Andy ages. He left Tenochtitlán in the care of his trusted lieutenant Pedro de Alvarado, marched to the coast, and defeated the Cuban expedition led by Pánfilo de Narváez.

Now that Al has a Woody doll, he has a complete collection and intends to sell the toys to a museum in Japan. At the worst possible moment, news from the coast reached Cortés that a much larger party of Spaniards had been sent by Velázquez to arrest Cortés for insubordination. They reveal to him that they are toys based on a forgotten children's TV show, Woody's Roundup. After some weeks in Tenochtitlán, knowing their leader was in chains and having to feed not just a band of Spaniards but thousands of their Tlaxcalteca allies, the strain began to weigh on the city. Woody is taken to Al's apartment, where he is greeted by Jessie, Bullseye, and the Prospector (an unsold toy still in its original box). Cortés then seized Moctezuma in his own palace and made him his prisoner as insurance against Aztec revolt, and demanded an enormous ransom of gold, which was duly delivered. Buzz and several other toys set out to rescue Woody. All his demands were met.

When Wheezy is set out for a yard sale, Woody tries to rescue him, but ends up in the yard sale himself, where he is stolen by Al, an obsessive toy collector and proprietor of "Al's Toy Barn". Christopher be set up in their place. Woody is placed on the shelf, where he finds another broken toy, the penguin Wheezy, and begins to fear he'll soon be thrown away. He also demanded that the two large idols be removed from the main temple pyramid in the city, the human blood scrubbed off, and shrines to the Virgin Mary and St. Some time after the events of Toy Story, presumably the following summer, Andy rips his Woody doll while playing with him and Buzz. Cortés asked for more gifts of gold as a vassal of Charles V. Like the first film, Toy Story 2 was produced by Pixar Animation Studios, directed by John Lasseter, and released to theatres on November 18, 1999 by Walt Disney Pictures and Buena Vista Distribution. Moctezuma had the palace of his father Axayacatl prepared to house the Spanish and their Indian allies.

Toy Story 2 is a computer-generated imagery (CGI) animation film and the sequel to Toy Story, which featured the adventures of a group of toys that come to life when no one is around to see them. The two halves of the planet had found one another. "Doctors say 'Americans don't eat enough fat'". Moctezuma welcomed Cortés to Tenochtitlán on the Great Causeway into the "Venice of the West," probably the largest city on earth, and many people mark this moment – when two high civilizations met after 40,000 years of isolation – as the true discovery of the New World. "Sputnik - First photos revealed" (note that the surprise Sputnik 1 launch occurred on October 4, 1957). How could God allow heathens such splendor? The expedition arrived in the Mexica-Aztec capital on November 8, 1519. Saturday's favorite cowboy 'Woody'". Surely it was the most magnificent city in the world.

"Children television. When the Spaniards saw the island city of Tenochtitlán for the first time, from the ring of volcanoes around the Valley of Mexico, they asked each other if they were dreaming. Also end-credit music. Terror was one of his many powerful tools, though much of his military genius can be ascribed to La Malinche, who had her own motives for revenge. "Woody's Roundup" - performed by Riders in the Sky - theme song for the "Woody's Roundup" TV show. Cortés then sent a message ahead to Moctezuma that the lords of Cholula had treated him with disrespect and had to be punished, but if Moctezuma treated him with respect and gifts of gold, the Aztecs need not fear his wrath. "When She Loved Me" - performed by Sarah McLachlan - used for the flashback montage in which Jessie experiences being loved, forgotten, and ultimately abandoned by her owner, Emily. Although he did not know if this was true or not, Cortés ordered a preventive strike to serve as a lesson: the Spaniards seized and killed the local nobles, set fire to the city and killed an estimated 15,000 to 30,000 of the inhabitants.

Geri the Cleaner - Jonathan Harris. After Cortés arrived in Cholula, the second largest city of the Empire, La Malinche relayed a rumor that the locals planned to murder the Spaniards in their sleep. Evil Emperor Zurg - Andrew Stanton. He also purchased cotton armour, seeing how much more effective than chainmail it was against Indian arrows. Wheezy the Penguin - Joe Ranft. The Tlaxcaltecas agreed; Cortés then continued his march with some 2,000 Tlaxcalteca warriors and perhaps as many more porters. Bo Peep - Annie Potts. Otherwise, Cortés threatened, he would kill everyone in their entire nation.

Tour Guide Barbie - Jodi Benson. Cortés's "lord" was Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, to whom he made his case by letters, over the head of Velázquez, who, in turn, was trying to make a case over the head of Diego Colón, son of Christopher Columbus and thus Admiral of the Ocean Sea. Slinky Dog - Jim Varney. Cortés said that if the men of Tlaxcala would accept Christianity, become his allies and vassals to his lord, he would forgive their disrespect and overthrow their nemesis, Emperor Moctezuma. Potato Head - Don Rickles. The Tlaxcaltecas attacked his troops, but Spanish crossbows, broadswords, battle axes, horses, war dogs and firearms quickly won the battle. Mr. Cortés arrived at Tlaxcala, a small independent state within the empire's sphere of influence.

Hamm - John Ratzenberger. Cortés then led his band inland towards the fabled Tenochtitlán. Rex - Wallace Shawn. He ordered all his fleet scuttled (not burned as legend has it), except for one small ship with which to communicate with Spain, effectively stranding the expedition in Mexico and ending all thoughts of loyalty to the Governor of Cuba. Al - Wayne Knight. While some of the expedition wanted to get such gold as they could quickly by trade or theft and then return to Cuba, Cortés had seen the results of this sort of plunder and had plans to build a working empire of his own. The Prospector (Stinky Pete) - Kelsey Grammer. (One-Reed was, in this particular 52-year "century", 1519, adding to the extraordinary luck of this conquistador.) Aided by the advice of his native translator, La Malinche, he took full advantage of the Quetzalcoatl myth, inflicting Moctezuma with what writer Octavio Paz described as "sacred vertigo".

Jessie ("the yodlin' cowgirl") - Joan Cusack. Cortés learned that he was suspected of being Quetzalcoatl or an emissary of Quetzalcoatl, a legendary man-god who was predicted to one day return to reclaim his city in a One-Reed year on the cyclical calendar. Buzz Lightyear - Tim Allen. It had the opposite effect, of course. Sheriff Woody - Tom Hanks. Soon ambassadors from the Mexica/Aztec Emperor Moctezuma II arrived with additional gifts, apparently hoping to keep him at a distance by satisfying him with gold. He learned that the land was ruled by the great lord in the city of Tenochtitlán.

The local Totonac from Cempoala greeted him with gifts of food, feathers, gold – and women, who always had to be baptized before the eager Spanish soldiers were allowed to let them "fix supper for them" ("grind their corn"). By establishing a municipality, he could "reluctantly" proceed to claim land for king Charles V of Spain by popular mandate of the city magistrates he had appointed, his friends. After short stops in Yucatán where there was little gold but the priceless gift of two translators, one "La Malinche" later made legendary even if not quite an Aztec princess sold into Mayan slavery, another a shipwrecked Spaniard who had also learned a Mayan dialect during seven years of slavery, Cortés landed his party in a location he named Veracruz ("True Cross") on March 4. In 1519 Cortés fled Cuba with 11 ships, 500 men, and 15 horses.

He was forbidden to colonize, but calling upon what law he had studied and his famous powers of persuasion, he tricked Governor Velázquez into inserting a clause about emergency measures that might have to be taken without prior authorization, "in the true interests of the realm." At the last minute, the Governor sensing that Cortés was too ambitious for his own good, changed his mind. Cortés eagerly sold or mortgaged all his lands to buy ships and supplies and arranged with the Governor of Cuba, Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar, another distant relative and his father-in-law, to lead an expedition, officially to explore and trade with the rumored new lands to the west. Expeditions to Yucatán by Francisco Hernández de Córdoba in 1517 and Juan de Grijalva in 1518 had returned to Cuba with small amounts of gold, and tales of a more distant land where gold was said to be abundant. The brutality of the Cuba campaign and the subsequent extinction of the Indian population from disease, overwork and despair would later influence Cortés's more careful treatment of the Mexicans as Captain-General of New Spain, making possible, ironically, the survival of so many "genotypically" full-blooded Indians, Indian tribes, and Indian languages in Mexico today.

This was the encomienda that had worked so well in the conquest of the Canaries (eliminating the indigenous Guanches) but would prove devastating in the New World. He took part in the conquest of Hispaniola and Cuba and was granted a large estate of land and Indian slaves for his efforts. Due to several setbacks, Cortés did not arrive in the New World until 1506. He had a choice between seeking fame and glory in a war in Italy, or trying his luck in the Spanish colonies of the New World.

Cortés took classes at Salamanca but bitterly disappointed his parents by returning home in 1501 at age 17, rather than studying law like his grandfather. Through his mother, he was second cousin to Francisco Pizarro, who later conquered the Inca empire of modern-day Peru (not to be confused with another Francisco Pizarro who joined Cortés in conquering the Aztecs). Cortés was born in Medellín, (Extremadura), in the Kingdom of Castile in Spain, the only child of Martín Cortés and Catalina Pizarro Altamirano. .

Hernán Cortés, marqués del Valle de Oaxaca (1485–December 2, 1547) (who was known as Hernando or Fernando Cortés during his lifetime and signed all his letters Fernán Cortés) was the conquistador who conquered Mexico for Spain. The Rain God cries over Mexico by László Passuth. Prescott ISBN 0375758038. History of the Conquest of Mexico. by William H.

Cortés and the Downfall of the Aztec Empire by Jon Manchip White (1971) ISBN 0786702710. Conquest: Cortés, Montezuma, and the Fall of Old Mexico by Hugh Thomas (1993) ISBN 0671511041. The Broken Spears: The Aztec Account of the Conquest of Mexico by Miguel Leon-Portilla ISBN 0807055018. Bernal Díaz del Castillo, The Conquest of New Spain – available as The Discovery and Conquest of Mexico: 1517-1521 ISBN 030681319X.

Hernan Cortés, Letters – available as Letters from Mexico translated by Anthony Pagden (1986) ISBN 0300090943.