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Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs

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This article is about Walt Disney's 1937 film. For the Brothers Grimm fairy tale it is based upon, see Snow-White.

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is the first animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. It was produced by Walt Disney Productions, premiered on December 21, 1937, and was originally released to theatres by RKO Radio Pictures on February 8, 1938. Based upon the fairy tale Snow White by the Brothers Grimm, the film's plot has a jealous queen attempt to have her stepdaughter murdered, but the girl escapes and is given shelter by seven dwarves who live deep in a forest. Snow White was the first major animated feature made in the United States, the most successful motion picture released in 1938, and, adjusted for inflation, is the tenth highest-grossing film of all time.

Crew

The movie was adapted by Dorothy Ann Blank, Richard Creedon, Merrill De Maris, Otto Englander, Earl Hurd, Dick Rickard, Ted Sears and Webb Smith from the fairy tale Snow White by the Brothers Grimm. The film was supervised by David Hand, and directed by William Cottrell, Wilfred Jackson, Larry Morey, Perce Pearce, and Ben Sharpsteen.

History

"Disney's Folly"

Walt Disney had to fight to get the film produced. Both his brother Roy Disney and his wife Lillian attempted to talk him out of it, and the Hollywood movie industry mockingly referred to the film as "Disney's Folly" while it was in production. He even had to mortgage his house to help finance the film's production, which eventually ran up a total negative cost of just over $1.5 million, a whopping sum for a feature film in 1937.

Snow White, which spent three years in production, was the end result of Walt Disney's plan to improve the production quality of his studio's output, and also to find a source of income other than short subjects. Many animation techniques which later became standards were developed or improved for the film, including the animation of realistic humans (with and without the help of the rotoscope), effective character animation (taking characters that look similar--the dwarfs, in this case--and making them distinct characters through their body acting and movement), elaborate effects animation to depict rain, lightning, water, reflections, sparkles, magic, and other objects and phenomena, and the use of the multiplane camera. Snow White is also looked upon as a triumph of storytelling skill in animation.

Critical and commercial success

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs premiered at the Carthay Circle Theater on December 21, 1937 to a widely receptive audience (many of whom were the same naysayers who dubbed the film "Disney's Folly"), who gave the film a standing ovation at its completion. RKO Radio Pictures put the film into general release on February 4, 1938, and it went on to become a major box-office success, making more money than any other motion picture in 1938. In fact, for a short time, Snow White was the highest grossing film in American cinema history; it was removed from that spot by Gone With the Wind in 1940.

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was the first full-length animated feature made in English and Technicolor, and won an honorary Academy Award for Walt Disney "as a significant screen innovation which has charmed millions and pioneered a great new entertainment field." Disney received a full-size Oscar statuette and seven miniature ones, presented to him by Shirley Temple.

The movie was also nominated for Best Music, Score. Well-known songs from the film include: "Heigh-Ho", "Some Day My Prince Will Come", and "Whistle While You Work".

Trivia

  • The names of the dwarves (Bashful, Doc, Dopey, Grumpy, Happy, Sleepy and Sneezy) were created for this production, chosen from a pool of about fifty potentials.
  • The movie's title uses the word "dwarfs" which was the traditional plural of "dwarf". The Lord of the Rings by John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, published in three volumes from 29 July 1954 to 20 October 1955, instead popularised the spelling "dwarves". Both plural forms have been used interchangeably since then.
  • There is an easy way to remember the names of the dwarves. There are three emotions (Happy, Grumpy, Bashful), two D's (Dopey, Doc), and two S's (Sleepy, Sneezy).
  • A version with live actors based on the film, titled Snow White: The Fairest of Them All and starring Kristin Kreuk, was made in 2002.
  • Upon seeing the film, Russian director Sergei Eisenstein called it the greatest ever made.
  • The song, "Someday My Prince Will Come" has become a jazz standard that has been performed by numerous artists, including Buddy Rich, Oscar Peterson, and Miles Davis.
  • There are numerous popular ideas as to the presence of occult significance or symbolism within the movie, mostly centered around the Dwarves themselves. For example, one theory holds that the seven dwarves correspond to the seven chakras (or cakras), and that Snow White represents consciousness moving through them. Other ideas are less philosophically complex, such as correspondences to the altered states of consciousness inherent in the use of certain drugs. In one theory, Snow White is cocaine, which causes exhaustion (Sleepy, Dopey), mood swings (Happy/Grumpy), allergies (Sneezy) and alteration of personality (Bashful). More on this (http://www.snopes.com/disney/films/drugs.htm)

Voice cast

  • Adriana Caselotti (Snow White)
  • Harry Stockwell (Prince)
  • Lucille La Verne, (The Queen/Witch)
  • Moroni Olsen, (Magic Mirror)
  • Billy Gilbert (Sneezy)
  • Pinto Colvig (Sleepy/Grumpy)
  • Otis Harlan (Happy)
  • Scotty Mattraw (Bashful)
  • Roy Atwell (Doc)
  • Stuart Buchanan (Humbert, The Queen's Huntsman)

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Well-known songs from the film include: "Heigh-Ho", "Some Day My Prince Will Come", and "Whistle While You Work". In 2000, the American Film Institute listed Airplane! as #10 on its list of the 100 funniest American films. The movie was also nominated for Best Music, Score. Nielsen saw a major boost to his career, and since Airplane! has specialized in playing clueless, deadpan bumblers. Bridges and Stack saw similar shifts in their public image, though to lesser degrees. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was the first full-length animated feature made in English and Technicolor, and won an honorary Academy Award for Walt Disney "as a significant screen innovation which has charmed millions and pioneered a great new entertainment field." Disney received a full-size Oscar statuette and seven miniature ones, presented to him by Shirley Temple. Ethel Merman has a memorable cameo as a shell-shocked fighter pilot who thinks he's Ethel Merman. In fact, for a short time, Snow White was the highest grossing film in American cinema history; it was removed from that spot by Gone With the Wind in 1940. Several actors were cast in order to spoof their established images: Stack and Bridges had played many adventurous, no-nonsense tough-guys, while Nielsen had played "more cops, doctors, and attorneys than you could shake a nightstick/stethoscope/law book at." [1] (http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000558/bio) Barbara Billingsley, the archetypal suburban mother on Leave It To Beaver, has an especially funny appearance when she offers to translate for a pair of hip African American passengers whose jive talking is incomprehensible to stewardesses.

RKO Radio Pictures put the film into general release on February 4, 1938, and it went on to become a major box-office success, making more money than any other motion picture in 1938. Airplane! was a major hit: The budget was about US$3.5 Million, and the film earned over US$80 Million at the box office, and another US$40 Million in rentals. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs premiered at the Carthay Circle Theater on December 21, 1937 to a widely receptive audience (many of whom were the same naysayers who dubbed the film "Disney's Folly"), who gave the film a standing ovation at its completion. List of gags in Airplane!. Snow White is also looked upon as a triumph of storytelling skill in animation. (A number of other films in this genre were less successful, including Loaded Weapon, The Big Bus, Kung Pow: Enter the Fist, and Spy Hard.). Many animation techniques which later became standards were developed or improved for the film, including the animation of realistic humans (with and without the help of the rotoscope), effective character animation (taking characters that look similar--the dwarfs, in this case--and making them distinct characters through their body acting and movement), elaborate effects animation to depict rain, lightning, water, reflections, sparkles, magic, and other objects and phenomena, and the use of the multiplane camera. More recent movies of this sort include Hot Shots!, The Naked Gun trilogy, the Austin Powers series, and the Scary Movie series.

Snow White, which spent three years in production, was the end result of Walt Disney's plan to improve the production quality of his studio's output, and also to find a source of income other than short subjects. Other successful movies of this type include Mel Brooks' Blazing Saddles and the "Road movies" of Bing Crosby and Bob Hope. He even had to mortgage his house to help finance the film's production, which eventually ran up a total negative cost of just over $1.5 million, a whopping sum for a feature film in 1937. When this type of comedy works, it is exceptional (the animated cartoons of Tex Avery were a great influence), though it can be difficult for filmmakers to achieve success when working on a movie that often denies characterization and even plot development. Both his brother Roy Disney and his wife Lillian attempted to talk him out of it, and the Hollywood movie industry mockingly referred to the film as "Disney's Folly" while it was in production. Airplane! is one of the most famous and acclaimed examples of a genre of similar gag-based comedies that defy logic, reason, and the "fourth wall" to produce laughter in any way possible, with comic references to other famous 'straight' disaster films such as Airport. Walt Disney had to fight to get the film produced. Some critics have claimed that the movie's most important achievement was in bringing to an end the Airport series of movies, which could no longer be taken seriously.

The film was supervised by David Hand, and directed by William Cottrell, Wilfred Jackson, Larry Morey, Perce Pearce, and Ben Sharpsteen. Howard Jarvis, the author of California's property tax initiative Proposition 13, plays a man who patiently waits in the back of Striker's cab throughout the movie. The movie was adapted by Dorothy Ann Blank, Richard Creedon, Merrill De Maris, Otto Englander, Earl Hurd, Dick Rickard, Ted Sears and Webb Smith from the fairy tale Snow White by the Brothers Grimm. Lloyd Bridges portrays the chief air traffic controller, and Robert Stack plays Hays' former commander, who is brought in to aid him in landing the airplane. Snow White was the first major animated feature made in the United States, the most successful motion picture released in 1938, and, adjusted for inflation, is the tenth highest-grossing film of all time. ...and don't call me Shirley has entered the language as an all-purpose, nonplussed response. It was produced by Walt Disney Productions, premiered on December 21, 1937, and was originally released to theatres by RKO Radio Pictures on February 8, 1938. Based upon the fairy tale Snow White by the Brothers Grimm, the film's plot has a jealous queen attempt to have her stepdaughter murdered, but the girl escapes and is given shelter by seven dwarves who live deep in a forest. In response to the question from a passenger "Surely you can't be serious?" Nielsen's character would respond: "I am serious, and don't call me Shirley".

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is the first animated feature in the Disney animated features canon. His catchphrase in the film became famous worldwide. Stuart Buchanan (Humbert, The Queen's Huntsman). Nielsen portrays a doctor on board. Roy Atwell (Doc). Striker's ex-girlfriend (Julie Hagerty) is a flight attendant. Scotty Mattraw (Bashful). When the pilots of a commercial airliner get sick, an ex-fighter pilot, Ted Striker (Robert Hays) must conquer his fear of flying and fly the plane to its destination.

Otis Harlan (Happy). Airplane! also has elements based on films in the Airport series, specifically Airport '75, which was also based on novels written by Arthur Hailey. The elements that the film lifted from Airport '75 included the guitar playing nun (played by Maureen McGovern in Airplane! and Helen Reddy in Airport '75) and the sick little girl that the nun's guitar is played for (played by Linda Blair in Airport '75 and Jill Whelan in Airplane!). Pinto Colvig (Sleepy/Grumpy). In Airplane!, it is basketball star Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. Billy Gilbert (Sneezy). In Zero Hour!, the cameo is by Elroy "Crazy Legs" Hirsch. Moroni Olsen, (Magic Mirror). As the plot escalates, so does the potency of the drug ("I guess I picked the wrong week to quit sniffing glue.") Even the odd sports cameo remains intact.

Lucille La Verne, (The Queen/Witch). Indeed, many of the best known lines are repeated verbatim, for example, "Can you face some unpleasant facts?" and "I guess I picked the wrong week to quit smoking," which becomes a running gag. Harry Stockwell (Prince). Airplane! is very close to Zero Hour!, following it virtually scene for scene, and lifting its major characters and most of its story line. Adriana Caselotti (Snow White). Thus Airplane! is the fourth remake of the Arthur Hailey novel Runway Zero-Eight. More on this (http://www.snopes.com/disney/films/drugs.htm). The story of an in-flight medical emergency, caused by food poisoning, started as the CBC TV movie Flight Into Danger, then became the 1957 Paramount Pictures movie Zero Hour!.

In one theory, Snow White is cocaine, which causes exhaustion (Sleepy, Dopey), mood swings (Happy/Grumpy), allergies (Sneezy) and alteration of personality (Bashful). The plot of Airplane! is a well-travelled one. Other ideas are less philosophically complex, such as correspondences to the altered states of consciousness inherent in the use of certain drugs. Although most of the cast reunited for the sequel, the two films have no writers in common. For example, one theory holds that the seven dwarves correspond to the seven chakras (or cakras), and that Snow White represents consciousness moving through them. Airplane II: The Sequel, first released on December 10, 1982, attempted to tackle the science fiction film genre. There are numerous popular ideas as to the presence of occult significance or symbolism within the movie, mostly centered around the Dwarves themselves. The film is regularly shown on television, with many devotees repeatedly rewatching the film, in the process catching other gags that they didn't notice earlier due to the sheer number of often overlapping sight, sound, and dialogue gags.

The song, "Someday My Prince Will Come" has become a jazz standard that has been performed by numerous artists, including Buddy Rich, Oscar Peterson, and Miles Davis. In some foreign releases (including Australia), Airplane! was entitled Flying High. Upon seeing the film, Russian director Sergei Eisenstein called it the greatest ever made. It is the second of a number of movies produced and directed by the trio (the first being The Kentucky Fried Movie). A version with live actors based on the film, titled Snow White: The Fairest of Them All and starring Kristin Kreuk, was made in 2002. Airplane! is an American comedy film, first released on July 2, 1980, produced by Jim Abrahams, David Zucker and Jerry Zucker, and starring Robert Hays, Julie Hagerty, Leslie Nielsen, Robert Stack, Lloyd Bridges, and Kareem Abdul Jabbar. There are three emotions (Happy, Grumpy, Bashful), two D's (Dopey, Doc), and two S's (Sleepy, Sneezy).

There is an easy way to remember the names of the dwarves. Both plural forms have been used interchangeably since then. The movie's title uses the word "dwarfs" which was the traditional plural of "dwarf". The Lord of the Rings by John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, published in three volumes from 29 July 1954 to 20 October 1955, instead popularised the spelling "dwarves". The names of the dwarves (Bashful, Doc, Dopey, Grumpy, Happy, Sleepy and Sneezy) were created for this production, chosen from a pool of about fifty potentials.