Sewing

Finishing and embellishment:. In the English language, the word "soup" has developed several phrasal uses. Closures:. The former dish is dominated by the carbohydrate while the latter dish is dominated by the soup liquid. Furthermore, some techniques are not possible with other methods: making an embroidery stitch called a french knot is easy by hand, but impossible by sewing machine or serger. Compare to the western noodle soup, which is more of a soup with small noodle pieces. As an extreme, you could technically duplicate serging with hand sewing, but it would take at least several hundred times as long to do the same work. The Asian soup noodle is a large portion of long noodles served in a bowl of broth.

Some methods are not appropriate for some applications, even though it may be possible to replicate another method. Many East Asian soups are actually broths or clear soups. Almost all of these methods can be done by either hand, sewing machine, or a serger; however, the specific techniques used can be quite different. A feature of East Asian soups not normally found in Western cuisine is the use of tofu in soups. Sergers prices typically start at two to three times the cost of a traditional sewing machine. They are also not seen in Japan, Southeast Asia or Oceania. Because of this, people usually purchase a traditional sewing machine first, and purchase a serger at a later date. Fruit soups are uncommon or absent in the cuisines of the Americas, Africa and Western Europe.

Sergers are becoming more popular for home use, but are not capable of all the functions of a traditional sewing machine. Cold fruit soups are most common in Scandinavian, Baltic and Eastern European cuisines while hot fruit soups with meat appear in Middle Eastern, Central Asian and Chinese cuisines. Hand sewing is still done to some extent for finishing and repairing garments. Fruit soups may include milk, sweet or savoury dumplings, spices, or alcoholic beverages like brandy or champagne. Machine sewing is the most popular method. Some like Norwegian 'fruktsuppe' may be served hot and rely on dried fruit such as raisins and prunes and so could be made in any season. . Many recipes are for cold soups served when fruit was in season during hot weather.

Sewing is the foundation for many needle arts and crafts, such as applique, canvas work, and patchwork. Fruit soups are served hot or cold depending on the recipe. "Fancy" sewing is primarily decorative, including techniques such as shirring, embroidery, or quilting. Commercial soup became popular with the invention of canning in the 19th century. "Plain" sewing is done for functional reasons: making or mending clothing or household linens. It is considered by many an effective remedy for the common cold, and is sometimes referred to as "Jewish penicillin" (a reference to the stereotypical fondness of American Jews for chicken soup). A person who sews for a living is known as a seamstress, dressmaker, tailor, or garment worker. Today, according to the Campbell Soup Company, chicken noodle soup is one of the most popular soups in America.

More often home sewers sew to repair clothes, such as mending a torn seam or replacing a loose button. The Japanese miso is an example of a concentrated soup paste. Some people sew clothes for themselves and their families. Portable soup was devised in the 18th century by boiling seasoned meat until a thick, resinous syrup was left that could be dried and stored for months at a time. The machine has a complex set of gears and arms which pierces thread through the layers of the cloth and semi-securely interlocks the thread. The first American cooking pamphlet dedicated to soup recipes was written in 1882 by Emma Ewing: Soups and Soup Making. Pieces of a garment are often firstly tacked together. In 1794, Jean Baptiste Gilbert Payplat dis Julien, a refugee from the French Revolution, opened an eating establishment in Boston called Restorator, and became known as "The Prince of Soups".

Most sewing in the industrial world is done by machines. In particular, German immigrants living in Pennsylvania were famous for their potato soups. It is also used for sails, bellows, skin boats, and other items shaped out of flexible materials such as canvas and leather. English cooking dominated early colonial cooking; but as new immigrants arrived from other countries, other national soups gained popularity. Sewing is used primarily to produce clothing and household furnishings as curtains, bedclothes, upholstery, and table linens. A 1772 cookbook, The Frugal Housewife, contained an entire chapter on the topic. Sewing predates the weaving of cloth. In America, the first colonial cookbook was published by William Parks in Williamsburg, Virginia in 1742, based on Eliza Smith's Compleat Housewife; or Accomplished Gentlewoman's Companion and it included several recipes for soups and bisques.

Its use is nearly universal among human populations and dates back to Paleolithic times (30,000 BC). This prompted the use of the modern word restaurant to describe the shops. Sewing is an ancient craft involving the stitching of cloth, leather, animal skins, furs, or other materials, using needle and thread. In 1765, a Parisian entrepreneur opened a shop specializing in restaurers. Singer: The New Sewing Essentials by The Editors of Creative Publishing International ISBN 0865733082. The word restaurant was first used in France in the 16th century, to describe a highly concentrated, inexpensive soup, sold by street vendors called restaurer, that was advertised as an antidote to physical exhaustion. zig-zag stitch. The spoon was designed to accommodate the new fashion of wearing large, stiff ruffles around the neck.

whipstitch (or oversewing stitch) - for protecting edges. Thin soups became popular in Europe during the 17th century, when the spoon was invented. topstitch. Often described as potages, French onion soup is an example of a modern soup that retains this bread sop. straight stitch. The word soup originates from the Teutonic word suppa, which refers to a Medieval dish consisting of a thick stew poured on slices of bread, called sop, used to soak up the liquid. stretch stitch. In late Medieval and Early Modern Europe, the peasant diet consisted almost solely of potage.

slip stitch - for fastening a folded edge to a flat piece of fabric, or to another folded edge. "Potage" (connoting the contents of the cooking pot) denotes a soup where meat and vegetables are boiled together with water until it forms a thick soup (generally fairly easy on the meat). sailmakers stitch. . running stitch - for seams and gathering. Other ingredients commonly used to thicken soups and broths include rice, flour, and grain. padding stitch. Thick soups are classified depending upon the type of thickening agent used: purées are vegetable soups thickened with starch; bisques are made from puréed shellfish thickened with cream; cream soups are thickened with béchamel sauce; and veloutés are thickened with eggs, butter and cream.

overlock. The established French classifications of clear soups are bouillon and consommé. lockstitch. Traditionally, soups are classified into two broad groups: clear soups and thick soups. hemming stitch. Stews are cooked in covered containers for longer periods of time, at a gentle boil with less water and at a lower heat. feather stitch. The language may have shifted over time, but the modern definitions of soup and stew were established in the 18th century: soups usually are more liquid; stews are thicker, containing more solid ingredients.

darning stitch. Over the centuries, the terms gruel and potage have become separated from broth and stock (and their refinement, consommé). cross-stitch. Boiling was not a common cooking technique until the invention of waterproof containers about 5,000 years ago, so soups presumably were little-known before that time. chain stitch. Soup is a savoury liquid food that is made by boiling ingredients, such as meat, vegetables and beans in stock or hot water, until the flavor is extracted, forming a broth. buttonhole stitch. Hebrew - Marak, מרק.

blind stitch (or hem stitch). Hungarian - Leves, example Bableves. blanket stitch. Swedish - Soppa, example Nässelsoppa. basting stitch (or tacking) - for temporary fixing. Portuguese - Sopa or caldo, example Caldo verde. backstitch. Dutch - Soep, example Bonensoep.

back tack. Polish - Zupa, example Zupa ogorkowa. trims (fringe, beaded fringe, ribbons, lace, sequin tape). The Soup Dragon was a character in the UK children's television series The Clangers, after whom the rock group The Soup Dragons was named. rivet. The Soup Nazi was a memorable character and episode in the popular comedy television series Seinfeld. interfacing. Andy Warhol is well known for his signature cans of Campbell Soup.

heading. "Stone soup" is a popular children's fable. grommet. Pea soup describes a thick or dense fog. eyelet. A soup kitchen is a place that serves prepared food of any kind to the homeless. elastic. Primordial soup is a term used to describe the organic mixture leading to the development of life.

bias tape. Alphabet soup is a term often used to describe a large amount of acronyms used by an administration, and has its roots in a common tomato-based soup containing pasta shaped in the letters of the alphabet. zipper. Vichyssoise - A French cold purée soup with potatoes, leeks, and cream. snap. Caldo verde - A Portuguese minced cabbage soup. hook-and-loop tape (often known by brand name Velcro). Waterzooi - A Belgian fish soup.

hook. Tarator - A Bulgarian cold soup made from yogurt and cucumbers. eye. Solyanka - A cabbage soup from Russia. chinese frog. Snert - A thick pea soup, eaten in the Netherlands as a winter dish. toggle. Goulash- A hungarian soup of beef, paprika and onion.

button (buttons can be sew-through or have shanks.)