This page will contain additional articles about Rick James, as they become available.Rick JamesRick James (James Ambrose Johnson, Jr.) (February 1, 1948 – August 6, 2004) was an African-American funk and soul musician, who worked as a singer, keyboardist, bassist, record producer, arranger, and composer during his long career. One of the most popular artists on Motown during the late 1970s and early 1980s, James was famous for his wild brand of funk music and his trademark locks, sporting them well before the style was popularized by actress Bo Derek. BiographyEarly LifeBorn in Buffalo, New York, James was the third of eight children; his father was an autoworker and his mother a former dancer. His uncle was Melvin Franklin, the bass vocalist of The Temptations. At age 15, James joined the U.S. Naval Reserve. He began missing weekend training because it interfered with his musical career and was reported AWOL. Fleeing north to Toronto, Canada in the summer of 1964, James continued his musical career. His first band was called The Sailor Boys, which also featured future Steppenwolf member Nick St. Nicholas. By the end of 1964, the group had evolved into The Mynah Birds and recorded a single for the Canadian arm of Columbia Records. In early 1965, St. Nicholas left the band and was replaced by Bruce Palmer. Shortly afterwards, James and Palmer formed a new Mynah Birds lineup with guitarists Tom Morgan and John Taylor, and drummer Rickman Mason. In early 1966, the Mynah Birds auditioned for the Motown label in Detroit, Michigan. Morgan was unhappy with the label's attitude towards the musicians and left, with Neil Young taking his place. With Young on board, the Mynah Birds returned to Motown to record an album, but their manager pocketed the advance money the label had given the band. The band fired their manager, who in turn told the label that James was AWOL. Motown told him to give himself up to the FBI, and the Mynah Birds' album was shelved. James' career continuesJames spent a year in the Brooklyn Brig, after which he returned to briefly returned to Toronto. He soon returned to Motown and became a songwriter and producer at Motown, working with Bobby Taylor and the Vancouvers and The Spinners. In the summer of 1969, he moved to Los Angeles, California and formed a band called Salt 'N' Pepper with Canadians Ed Roth (keyboards), Dave Burt (guitar), and Coffi Hall (drums). Former Buffalo Springfield roadie Chris Sarns played bass for a while, before Ron Johnson from Kaleidoscope stepped in the following year. The group recorded a demo for Atlantic Records, and played at the Fillmore West with Jethro Tull. In 1971, James and Roth recorded two singles in Toronto for RCA Records with Heaven and Earth, a band that also featured guitarist Stan Endersby, bass player Denny Gerrard, and drummer Pat Little. James left Heaven and Earth later that year; he, Roth, and Gerrard formed a new group called Great White Cane with horn players Bob Doughty and Ian Kojima, drummer Norman Wellbanks, guitarist Nick Balkou, and keyboard player John Cleveland Hughes. The group recorded an album for Lion Records in Los Angeles in March 1972, but by that summer they had disbanded. At the end of 1972, James and Roth formed the first version of the Stone City Band with Peter Hodgson (bass), Danny Marks (guitar) and Malcolm Tomlinson (drums/vocals). An album's worth of material was recorded in mid-1973 but was never released. James signed to A&M Records the following year and issued a single entitled "My Mama". Return to Motown and stardomIn 1977, he returned to Motown as a songwriter/producer. He soon began recording for Motown's Gordy label, first with the Hot Lips and then with a new version of the Stone City Band. James' breakthrough single was "You And I", an eight-minute magnum opus from his 1978 debut album Come Get It. The album also featured his ode to marijuana, "Mary Jane". 1979 saw James release two albums: Bustin' Out Of L Seven, in January, and Fire It Up that fall. The latter included hits such as the title track and "Spacey Love" a ballad dedicated to singer Patti Labelle. After 1980's lackluster Garden Of Love album, he then recorded a concept album entitled Street Songs. The 1981 release included "Super Freak", James biggest hit. "Super Freak", which features guest vocals from The Temptations, was sampled for MC Hammer's 1990 Grammy award-winning song "U Can't Touch This". Other hits from Street Songs included "Give it to Me Baby", "Fire & Desire" with protege Teena Marie and "Ghetto Life". The stream of hits continued into the mid-1980s with "Teardrops", "Cold Blooded", "17", "You Turn Me On" and "Glow", which was his last R&B hit in 1985. During this period, he also helped launch the careers of Caucasian R&B singer Teena Marie and the Mary Jane Girls as well as producing actor Eddie Murphy's one-hit wonder "Party All The Time." Personal problems and declineAs the 1980s segued into the 1990s, the dark side of James' life began to overpower his music. He was a recreational drug user, addicted mainly to cocaine. In 1993, James was convicted of assaulting two women, with the first assault during one of his cocaine binges. Serving two years in Folsom Prison did not stop him from writing new songs, even if he did it behind bars. He was released in 1995, and during interviews for a segment of the VH1 series Behind The Music, he spoke openly about his life and his battle with drugs for the first time. Rick James attempted a comeback with a new album and tour in 1997, but suffered a mild stroke during a concert in Denver, Colorado, effectively ending his musical career. "Charlie Murphy's True Hollywood Stories"On February 11, 2004, Dave Chappelle aired a Rick James-parodying skit called "Charlie Murphy's True Hollywood Stories" on his sketch comedy television program, Chappelle's Show. The three-part skit was a fictional E! True Hollywood Story-style retrospective of the supposed love-and-hate friendship between James and Eddie Murphy's older brother Charlie Murphy during James' early-1980s peak. The young James, played by Chappelle, was depicted as an egotistical, misogynistic cocaine addict who picked upon Murphy and constantly reminded people "I'm Rick James, bitch!" Charlie Murphy played himself in both the flashback sequences (complete with Jheri curl) and mock interview segments, which are contrasted with mock interview footage of the real James, who refutes some of Murphy's recollections while acknowledging his own problems at the same time. Footage where James uses the expression "Cocaine's a hell of a drug" is edited into the skit a number of times to sum up his alleged behavior. The sketch was one of the most famous to come from the show, returning James to the public spotlight and making "I'm Rick James, bitch!" a popular catch phrase. Rick James' last public performance was at the 2004 BET Music Awards on June 29, 2004. Part of the on-stage routine involved a crowd-pleasing recital of the Chappelle's Show catch phrase by the real James himself. PassingOn August 6, 2004, Rick James was found dead in his Los Angeles home by his caretaker. James had died from pulmonary and cardiac failure with his various health conditions of diabetes, stroke, and a pacemaker being listed as attributing factors. A coroner's report released September 16, 2004 officially ruled his death as accidental, reporting nine drugs found in James' bloodstream:
Rick James was interred in Forest Lawn - Hollywood Hills Cemetery in Los Angeles. At the time of his death, he was working on an autobiography, Confessions Of A Superfreak, as well as a new album. Although he was married previously (and later divorced), he leaves behind three children, Tazman, Ty, and Rick James, Jr.; and granddaughters Jasmine and Charisma. Scheduled for release in 2005 is the DVD Rick James: Rockpalast Live, which features a 1982 concert performance from Essen, Germany. Discography
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Scheduled for release in 2005 is the DVD Rick James: Rockpalast Live, which features a 1982 concert performance from Essen, Germany. For details of recordings by the King Crimson sub-groups known as the ProjeKcts, see the following:. Although he was married previously (and later divorced), he leaves behind three children, Tazman, Ty, and Rick James, Jr.; and granddaughters Jasmine and Charisma. (Mostly studio recordings, some incorporating live recordings). At the time of his death, he was working on an autobiography, Confessions Of A Superfreak, as well as a new album. (Limited release live recordings of concert performances, studio sessions and radio sessions). Rick James was interred in Forest Lawn - Hollywood Hills Cemetery in Los Angeles. (Including compilations and box sets of live material). A coroner's report released September 16, 2004 officially ruled his death as accidental, reporting nine drugs found in James' bloodstream:. (Mostly studio recordings, some incorporating live recordings). James had died from pulmonary and cardiac failure with his various health conditions of diabetes, stroke, and a pacemaker being listed as attributing factors. (Mostly studio recordings, some incorporating live recordings). On August 6, 2004, Rick James was found dead in his Los Angeles home by his caretaker. They vary so much in sound that King Crimson has been able to release several albums consisting entirely of improvised music. Rick James' last public performance was at the 2004 BET Music Awards on June 29, 2004. Part of the on-stage routine involved a crowd-pleasing recital of the Chappelle's Show catch phrase by the real James himself. Unlike most jazz and rock improvisation or jamming, these sessions are rarely in any sense blues-based. The sketch was one of the most famous to come from the show, returning James to the public spotlight and making "I'm Rick James, bitch!" a popular catch phrase. These can be imbedded in composed pieces, like "21st Century Schizoid Man" or "Thrak," but most Crimson performances over the years have included at least one stand-alone improvisation, where the band simply started playing and took the music wherever it went, sometimes including passages of improvised silence (as Bill Bruford's contribution to the improvised "Trio"). The young James, played by Chappelle, was depicted as an egotistical, misogynistic cocaine addict who picked upon Murphy and constantly reminded people "I'm Rick James, bitch!" Charlie Murphy played himself in both the flashback sequences (complete with Jheri curl) and mock interview segments, which are contrasted with mock interview footage of the real James, who refutes some of Murphy's recollections while acknowledging his own problems at the same time. Footage where James uses the expression "Cocaine's a hell of a drug" is edited into the skit a number of times to sum up his alleged behavior. From the very first, King Crimson performances featured unplanned improvisations, in which the music can, and frequently does, go anywhere. The three-part skit was a fictional E! True Hollywood Story-style retrospective of the supposed love-and-hate friendship between James and Eddie Murphy's older brother Charlie Murphy during James' early-1980s peak. The final continuing factor that requires mention, not really a theme, is the "Crimson Improv.". On February 11, 2004, Dave Chappelle aired a Rick James-parodying skit called "Charlie Murphy's True Hollywood Stories" on his sketch comedy television program, Chappelle's Show. Other themes harder to document clearly include the composition of insanely difficult passages for individual instruments (especially Fripp's guitar); pieces with a loud, aggressive sound not unlike heavy metal music; and the jarring juxtaposition of pretty tunes and ballads with weird, often dissonant, noises. Rick James attempted a comeback with a new album and tour in 1997, but suffered a mild stroke during a concert in Denver, Colorado, effectively ending his musical career. (Occasionally these pieces fail onstage; Fripp refers to these failures as "train wrecks."). He was released in 1995, and during interviews for a segment of the VH1 series Behind The Music, he spoke openly about his life and his battle with drugs for the first time. Their series of pieces collectively titled "Larks' Tongues in Aspic" (including the misleadingly titled "Thrak" and "Level Five") go deeper into rhythmic complexity, delving into rhythms that wander into and out of synchronization with each other, to the point where the listener is frequently unable to even count beats, yet somehow all finishing together. Serving two years in Folsom Prison did not stop him from writing new songs, even if he did it behind bars. King Crimson's single best-known song, "21st Century Schizoid Man," is an early example of this. In 1993, James was convicted of assaulting two women, with the first assault during one of his cocaine binges. A second theme that has remained constant throughout the career of King Crimson is an instrumental piece, often embedded as a break in a song, in which the band plays a passage of a rhythmic complexity that would challenge a group of classically-trained musicians working with a conductor. He was a recreational drug user, addicted mainly to cocaine. This piece transformed into "The Devil's Triangle" on the In the Wake of Poseidon album, and was followed by many other forms, from "The Talking Drum" in 1973 all the way to "Dangerous Curves" in 2003. As the 1980s segued into the 1990s, the dark side of James' life began to overpower his music. The Holst "Mars" that the first King Crimson played is a clear example of this, a complex pulse in 5/8 time with strings and winds — or, as played by King Crimson, mellotron — playing a skirling melody above. During this period, he also helped launch the careers of Caucasian R&B singer Teena Marie and the Mary Jane Girls as well as producing actor Eddie Murphy's one-hit wonder "Party All The Time.". The most obvious of these themes is composition by the use of a gradually building rhythmic motif. The stream of hits continued into the mid-1980s with "Teardrops", "Cold Blooded", "17", "You Turn Me On" and "Glow", which was his last R&B hit in 1985. The apparent contradiction can be resolved by understanding that, while King Crimson constantly creates new sounds and new pieces, several themes remain constant from the earliest versions of the band to the present. Other hits from Street Songs included "Give it to Me Baby", "Fire & Desire" with protege Teena Marie and "Ghetto Life". Fans have two equal and opposite complaints about each new album or incarnation of the band: either they say that it's nothing like the King Crimson they know and love, or they say that it's exactly like what has gone before, and nothing new has been added. "Super Freak", which features guest vocals from The Temptations, was sampled for MC Hammer's 1990 Grammy award-winning song "U Can't Touch This". As a result of this influence, their first album is frequently viewed as the nominal starting point of the symphonic rock or progressive rock movements. The 1981 release included "Super Freak", James biggest hit. The influence of Béla Bartók is subtler, but has been referred to many times by Fripp and other band members, and seems more pervasively present in the band's overall musical repertoire. After 1980's lackluster Garden Of Love album, he then recorded a concept album entitled Street Songs. The first incarnation of King Crimson played the "Mars" section of Holst's suite The Planets as a regular part of their live set. The latter included hits such as the title track and "Spacey Love" a ballad dedicated to singer Patti Labelle. Gustav Holst is the more obvoius of the two on the surface. 1979 saw James release two albums: Bustin' Out Of L Seven, in January, and Fire It Up that fall. Though they cast a wide net, two names in particular seem to have had a powerful influence on Crimson's music. The album also featured his ode to marijuana, "Mary Jane". To a great extent, they stripped away the blues-based foundation of rock music and replaced it with a foundation based in the modern European symphonic tradition. James' breakthrough single was "You And I", an eight-minute magnum opus from his 1978 debut album Come Get It. However, where bands like the Beatles and Rolling Stones played more sophisticated forms of American rock, Crimson attempted to "Europeanize" what had previously been an essentially American form of music. He soon began recording for Motown's Gordy label, first with the Hot Lips and then with a new version of the Stone City Band. The first King Crimson frequently played Donovan Leitch's "Get Thy Bearings," and were known to play The Beatles's "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds.". In 1977, he returned to Motown as a songwriter/producer. The music of King Crimson was obviously grounded to some extent in the rock of the 1960s, and especially the acid rock and psychedelic music movements. James signed to A&M Records the following year and issued a single entitled "My Mama". Fripp, as noted, has described King Crimson as "a way of doing things," and also as "an experiment in organizing anarchy." Over a period of thirty-five years, and many changes in membership, configuration, and instrumentation, King Crimson has maintained a kind of constancy in its musical vision rare among long-lived bands. An album's worth of material was recorded in mid-1973 but was never released. The current line-up thus is Adrian Belew, Robert Fripp, Tony Levin and Pat Mastelotto. At the end of 1972, James and Roth formed the first version of the Stone City Band with Peter Hodgson (bass), Danny Marks (guitar) and Malcolm Tomlinson (drums/vocals). Both Robert Fripp and Tony Levin reported that Levin will become active bassist of King Crimson again, starting studio work in April 2004. The group recorded an album for Lion Records in Los Angeles in March 1972, but by that summer they had disbanded. In late November 2003, Trey Gunn announced his departure from the band. In 1971, James and Roth recorded two singles in Toronto for RCA Records with Heaven and Earth, a band that also featured guitarist Stan Endersby, bass player Denny Gerrard, and drummer Pat Little. James left Heaven and Earth later that year; he, Roth, and Gerrard formed a new group called Great White Cane with horn players Bob Doughty and Ian Kojima, drummer Norman Wellbanks, guitarist Nick Balkou, and keyboard player John Cleveland Hughes. A lengthy The ConstruKction of Light tour was followed by another tour opening for the band Tool and the Level Five tour that served to write, rehearse, and evolve new pieces for the next album. In 2003, the album The Power to Believe was released and toured. The group recorded a demo for Atlantic Records, and played at the Fillmore West with Jethro Tull. After the economic reversals of 2000 and 2001, DGM ceased acting as a general label and artist's blog site and refocused its energy on King Crimson. Former Buffalo Springfield roadie Chris Sarns played bass for a while, before Ron Johnson from Kaleidoscope stepped in the following year. Heaven and Earth was edited together by Mastelotto from material recorded during the rehearsal and recording period of the studio album. In the summer of 1969, he moved to Los Angeles, California and formed a band called Salt 'N' Pepper with Canadians Ed Roth (keyboards), Dave Burt (guitar), and Coffi Hall (drums). Their first studio effort was The ConstruKction of Light (2000), accompanied by another album, Heaven and Earth, which was released under the name ProjeKct X. He soon returned to Motown and became a songwriter and producer at Motown, working with Bobby Taylor and the Vancouvers and The Spinners. After the ProjeKcts' task was completed, Bruford quit the band, and Levin let his active involvement in King Crimson rest until further notice; this left Belew, Fripp, Gunn, and Mastelotto as the next line-up. James spent a year in the Brooklyn Brig, after which he returned to briefly returned to Toronto. In 1998, DGM created the King Crimson Collector's Club (KCCC), a subscription-based service that released a live recording (originating from soundboard or bootleg recordings) every two months. Motown told him to give himself up to the FBI, and the Mynah Birds' album was shelved. These artists were encouraged to engage in online diaries, now commonly known as blogs. The band fired their manager, who in turn told the label that James was AWOL. DGM also released music by the Rosenbergs and other artists artistically related to King Crimson members. With Young on board, the Mynah Birds returned to Motown to record an album, but their manager pocketed the advance money the label had given the band. ProjeKcts One, Two, Three, and Four, each a splinter group (a fraKctalisation, according to Fripp) of King Crimson, released various recordings, demonstrating the improvisational musical high wire act that the constituent musicians are able to produce. Morgan was unhappy with the label's attitude towards the musicians and left, with Neil Young taking his place. In the late 1990s, Discipline Global Mobile operated as a distinctly artist-friendly label, and featured not only the works of King Crimson, but also of many Crimson side projects. In early 1966, the Mynah Birds auditioned for the Motown label in Detroit, Michigan. Staging and rehearsing the sextet was an expensive proposition, however; this, combined with the level of experimentation within the band soon contributed to its collapse. Shortly afterwards, James and Palmer formed a new Mynah Birds lineup with guitarists Tom Morgan and John Taylor, and drummer Rickman Mason. The new King Crimson sound was something of a mixture of Discipline-era complementary guitars with the heavy rock feel of 1974's Red. Nicholas left the band and was replaced by Bruce Palmer. This "double trio" formation released a few CDs in the mid 1990s: VROOOM (1994), THRAK (1995), and THRaKaTTaK (1996). In early 1965, St. In 1994, King Crimson re-formed as a sextet, adding two new members to its 1981 lineup. Fripp and Belew continued on guitar, and Levin played bass and Chapman stick; Trey Gunn joined, and played an instrument known as the Warr guitar (similar to the Chapman stick), and drummer Bruford was joined by another percussionist, Pat Mastelotto. By the end of 1964, the group had evolved into The Mynah Birds and recorded a single for the Canadian arm of Columbia Records. Fripp entered into a series of legal wranglings with his management, and this occupied much of his time, but resulted in the development of "Discipline Global Mobile", through which King Crimson and various side projects and archives have emerged. Nicholas. After Three of a Perfect Pair, King Crimson disbanded for several years. His first band was called The Sailor Boys, which also featured future Steppenwolf member Nick St. Fripp intended to create the sound of a "rock gamelan," with an interlocking rhythmic quality to the paired guitars that he found similar to Indonesian gamelan ensembles.[3] (http://www.progressiveears.com/frippbook/). Fleeing north to Toronto, Canada in the summer of 1964, James continued his musical career. This version of King Crimson bore some resemblance to new wave music, possibly as a result of Belew's tenure with Talking Heads, often considered progenitors of the genre. He began missing weekend training because it interfered with his musical career and was reported AWOL. Also, with Belew, King Crimson for the first time had a lyricist who was also a performing member of the band. Naval Reserve. The group released a trilogy of albums: Discipline, Beat, and Three of a Perfect Pair. Belew was responsible for the vocals, as well as almost all of the lyrics on the three albums, which broke the overall trend for King Crimson in that the songs with lyrics outnumbered instrumental pieces by two to one. At age 15, James joined the U.S. The other members concurred, and so King Crimson was re-born. His uncle was Melvin Franklin, the bass vocalist of The Temptations. During rehearsals and initial recorded sessions in 1981, Fripp began suspecting that this new band really was King Crimson, despite his decision to call it Discipline. Born in Buffalo, New York, James was the third of eight children; his father was an autoworker and his mother a former dancer. He would join immediately following his tour with the Talking Heads. One of the most popular artists on Motown during the late 1970s and early 1980s, James was famous for his wild brand of funk music and his trademark locks, sporting them well before the style was popularized by actress Bo Derek. Belew, for his part, was flattered. Rick James (James Ambrose Johnson, Jr.) (February 1, 1948 – August 6, 2004) was an African-American funk and soul musician, who worked as a singer, keyboardist, bassist, record producer, arranger, and composer during his long career. Fripp had never worked with another guitarist in the same band, so the decision to seek a second guitarist was highly indicative of Fripp's desire to create a sound completely unlike King Crimson. Anthology (2002). During this time, Fripp called up guitarist Adrian Belew, who was on tour with Talking Heads. Urban Rapsody (1997). Levin was well-known for his session work with John Lennon and Yoko Ono, Peter Gabriel and others, and would have been one of Fripp's first choices had he known Levin was available. King Crimson had its bassist. Bustin' Out: The Very Best of Rick James (1994). The two spent some time searching for a bassist, but had little success in recruiting one until Tony Levin stopped by. Wonderful (1988). Early in 1981, Robert Fripp and Bill Bruford began considering the formation of a new group, to be called Discipline. The Flag (1986). Instead, it was the end of an era. Glow (1985). Red seemed to be the end of King Crimson. Reflections (1984). "King Crimson is completely over for ever and ever," he said. Cold Blooded (1983). The Red line-up never toured, however; two months prior to the album's release, Robert Fripp announced that King Crimson had ceased to exist. Throwin' Down (1982). Fripp, increasingly distracted from Crimson by the writings of the mystic George Gurdjieff, even spoke of being replaced by McDonald. Street Songs (1981; deluxe edition released 2001). Ian McDonald also returned as a session musician on alto saxophone, with plans to rejoin as a full-time member. Garden of Love (1980). Cross appeared on "Providence," recorded in its namesake in Rhode Island. Fire It Up (1979). Red included former member Mel Collins on soprano saxophone, Robin Miller on oboe and Marc Charig on cornet. Bustin' Out of L Seven (1979). His role as a violin-player had been more important in the earlier days of this version of Crimson, but as the music progressed — and got louder — he increasingly felt his contribution was unheard and sidelined: reduced, as he once said, to being just the electric piano player. He went, leaving the remaining trio to record Red. Come Get It (1978). David Cross’s place in the group, meanwhile, was coming under pressure. Another recording of live gigs, USA, was recorded soon afterwards but not released for another year. Fripp never felt that recordings of any sort were adequate to capture the atmosphere and energy of a live performance. Most of the album was actually recorded from gigs the band played in 1973, with only two full tracks ("The Great Deceiver" and "Lament") and part of another track ("The Night Watch") being studio productions, a fact that emphasises King Crimson's essentially live nature. Muir departed the group early in 1973, and during the lengthy tour that followed, the remaining members began assembling material for their next album, Starless and Bible Black. By early 1974, the album was finished. Fripp's guitar playing was loud and aggressive, and Bruford's propulsive drumming meshed with Wetton's often powerful bass guitar. This era of King Crimson demonstrated a kinship with the nascent heavy metal music then developing mainly in the United States and the United Kingdom. Rehearsals began in late 1972, and Larks' Tongues in Aspic was released early the next year, and the group spent the remainder of 1973 touring Britain, Europe, and America. Finally, violin, viola and keyboard player David Cross was selected to flesh out the sound of the new band. Bruford himself was more interested in artistic pursuits, and the framework of King Crimson appealed to that sensibility in him. Bruford was choosing to leave Yes, a band with immense commercial potential, for King Crimson, a band with a history of instability and unpredictability. Yes drummer Bill Bruford was next to sign up, a move that was deemed a poor career move by some. Now that King Crimson was starting over from scratch again, the opportunity was ripe. Wetton had been under consideration for the previous lineup of the band, but that proposition had fallen through. Next came vocalist and bassist John Wetton, one of Fripp's college acquaintances. The first to join was improvising percussionist Jamie Muir, whom Fripp had been considering as a possible member for some time. Shortly after the Earthbound tour, Fripp once again began looking for new members. Recordings from this tour were later edited by Fripp to become the Earthbound album. The remaining members undertook a tour the following year, with the intention of disbanding afterwards. At the end of that year, King Crimson parted ways with long-time member and lyricist Peter Sinfield. In the midst of the lengthy tour that followed, the band released Islands in 1971. Drummer Ian Wallace and vocalist Boz Burrell were selected, but after more than two dozen potential bassists had come and gone, Fripp decided simply to teach Boz to play bass. Fripp began auditioning. Haskell and McCulloch left just before the release of Lizard, leaving King Crimson as a rock band without a singer, bassist, or drummer. Andy McCulloch played drums for the album, with Jon Anderson of Yes appearing on one song. Greg Lake departed in April to form Emerson, Lake & Palmer, leaving King Crimson without a vocalist until Gordon Haskell took over singing, in addition to playing bass, for the band's third album, Lizard. During this time, material was being developed for King Crimson's second album, In the Wake of Poseidon. Woodwind player Mel Collins came on board, and bassist Peter Giles appeared on several tracks. The remaining trio of Fripp, Sinfield, and Lake persevered for a short while, releasing the single Cat Food/Groon in March of 1970. King Crimson's lineup fluctuated tremendously during the next few years. McDonald went on to be a founding member of Foreigner in 1976. Tensions and musical differences within the band eventually reached a limit, however; Ian McDonald and Michael Giles left the band in December 1969 to pursue solo work. King Crimson went on tour through England, and later the United States, performing alongside many contemporary popular musicians and musical groups, including Iron Butterfly, Janis Joplin, The Rolling Stones, and Fleetwood Mac. Over the course of the year, the first King Crimson album, In the Court of the Crimson King, emerged from the chaos. Early in January 1969, the group rehearsed for the first time. Lyricist Peter Sinfield and composer Ian McDonald were soon recruited, and thus the first incarnation of King Crimson was born. Robert Fripp and Michael Giles began discussing the formation of King Crimson in November of 1968, soon before the breakup of the short-lived and unsuccessful band Giles, Giles, and Fripp. The first musician to be added to the lineup was singer-guitarist Greg Lake, who was to play bass and sing. To him King Crimson "is a way of doing things" [2] (http://www.progressiveears.com/frippbook/contents.htm), and the musical consistency that has persisted throughout the band's history, despite continuous rotation of its members, reflects this point of view. A considerable amount of King Crimson's history consists of the various personnel changes that have occurred within the group. Throughout its history, Robert Fripp has been the only consistent member, though he has stated that he does not consider himself the band's leader, necessarily. The name King Crimson was coined by Peter Sinfield as a synonym for Beelzebub, prince of demons; according to Fripp, Beelzebub is an anglicized form of the Arabic phrase "B'il Sabab," meaning "the man with an aim".[1] (http://www.songsouponsea.com/Promenade/Metaphysical.html). Their musical style has typically been categorized as rock and roll or progressive rock. Though its membership has fluctuated considerably during its lifetime, the band continues to perform and record music today. King Crimson is a musical group founded by guitarist Robert Fripp and drummer Michael Giles in 1968. In the Court of King Crimson, Sid Smith, Helter Skelter Publishing, 2001 (official website (http://www.inthecourtofkingcrimson.com)). Robert Fripp: From King Crimson to Guitar Craft, Eric Tamm, Faber and Faber, 1990 (online version of book (http://www.progressiveears.com/frippbook/contents.htm)). ProjeKct X. ProjeKct Four. ProjeKct Three. ProjeKct Two. ProjeKct One. Neal and Jack and Me (DVD) (2004, recorded 1982 & 1984). Eyes Wide Open (DVD) (2003, recorded 2000 & 2003). déjà VROOOM (DVD) (1999, recorded 1995). Live in Japan (VHS) (1996, recorded 1995). Three of a Perfect Pair: Live in Japan (VHS) (1984, recorded 1984). The Noise: Frejus (VHS) (1984, recorded 1982). The 21st Century Guide To King Crimson - Volume One - 1969-1974 (2004). Sleepless: The Concise King Crimson (1993). Frame by Frame: The Essential King Crimson (4CD set) (1991). Heartbeat: The Abbreviated King Crimson (1991). The Compact King Crimson (1986). A Young Person's Guide to King Crimson (2LP set) (1976). Live in Philadelphia, PA (2004, recorded 1982). Live at Fillmore East (2004, recorded 1969). Live in Guildford (2003, recorded 1972). Live in Orlando, FL (2CD set) (2003, recorded 1972). The Champaign-Urbana Sessions (2003, recorded 1983). Live in Hyde Park, London (2002, recorded 1969 & 1997). Live at the Zoom Club (2CD set) (2002, recorded 1972). Live in Nashville, TN (2002, recorded 2001). Live in Detroit, MI (2CD set) (2001, recorded 1971). Live in Berkeley, CA (2001, recorded 1982). Live in Mainz, Germany (2001, recorded 1974). Live at Plymouth Guildhall (2CD set) (2001, recorded 1971). Nashville Rehearsals (2000, recorded 1997). Live at Moles Club, Bath (2000, recorded 1981). Live in Central Park, NYC (2000, recorded 1974). Live at Summit Studios (2000, recorded 1972). The VROOOM Sessions (1999, recorded 1994). On Broadway (2CD set) (1999, recorded 1995). Live at Cap D'Agde (1999, recorded 1982). The Beat Club, Bremen (1999, recorded 1972). Live at Jacksonville (1998, recorded 1972). Live at The Marquee (1998, recorded 1969). EleKtrik: Live in Japan (2003). Ladies of the Road (2CD set) (2002, recorded 1971-1972). Level Five (2001). VROOOM VROOOM (2CD set) (2001, recorded 1995-1996). Heavy ConstruKction (3CD set) (2000). The Beginners' Guide To The King Crimson Collectors' Club (2000, recorded 1969-1998). The Deception of the Thrush: A Beginners' Guide to ProjeKcts (1999, recorded 1997-1999). The ProjeKcts (4CD set) (1999, recorded 1997-1999). Live in Mexico City (released only as a Windows Media Audio download) (1999, recorded 1996). Cirkus: The Young Persons' Guide to King Crimson Live (2CD set) (1999, recorded 1969-1998). Absent Lovers: Live in Montreal (2CD set) (1998, recorded 1984). The Night Watch (2CD set) (1998, recorded 1973). Epitaph (4CD set) (1997, recorded 1969). THRaKaTTaK (1996, recorded 1995). B'Boom: Live In Argentina (1995, recorded 1994). The Great Deceiver (4CD set) (1992, recorded 1973-1974). USA (1975, recorded 1974). Earthbound (1972). Sex Sleep Eat Drink Dream (1995). People (1995). Dinosaur (1995). Sleepless (1984). Three of a Perfect Pair/Man With an Open Heart (1984). Heartbeat (1982). Thela Hun Ginjeet (1981). Elephant Talk (1981). Matte Kudasai (1981). Epitaph/21st Century Schizoid Man (1976). The Night Watch/The Great Deceiver (1974). Atlantic Sampler (1973). Cat Food/Groon (1970). The Power to Believe (2003). Happy With What You Have to Be Happy With (2002). The ConstruKction of Light (2000). THRAK (1995). VROOOM (1994). Three of a Perfect Pair (1984). Beat (1982). Discipline (1981). Red (1974). Starless and Bible Black (1974). Larks' Tongues in Aspic (1973). Islands (1971). Lizard (1970). In the Wake of Poseidon (1970). In the Court of the Crimson King (1969). |