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Porsche 944

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The Porsche 944 was a high performance sports car produced by German auto manufacturer Porsche. It was introduced in 1982 to replace the Porsche 924 as their entry level model, although the two cars were sold in parallel for a number of years. Production ended in 1991 when it was replaced by the Porsche 968. The 944 was a huge success for Porsche throughout the 1980s, and was available in several forms throughout its evolution: 944, 944S, 944 Turbo, and the 944S2.

History

The 944 was introduced in 1982 with a 2.5 L straight-4 engine whose design was based on one half of the Porsche 928's V8 engine. Compared to the 924, the 944 had updated bodywork and many improved parts such as its engine, brakes etc.

The 944's engine used the patented balance shaft technology developed by Mitsubishi (as used in the 2.6 L Astron engine) to minimise vibration. Porsche had to pay Mitsubishi a fee of $8 for every engine using this system.

In mid-1985 the 944's underwent its first significant changes. The interior's ergonomics and air conditioning system was improved and the radio antenna also moved from a standard vertical position to being embedded in the windshield. The alternator was upgraded from a 90 amp alternator to a 115 amp alternator. Other changes included a change in oil sump capacity, new front and rear cast aluminum control arms and semi-trailing arms, a larger fuel tank, optional heated and powered seats, revised starter, and revisions in the mounting of the transaxle to reduce noise and vibration. The "cookie cutter" style wheels used in the early 944s were upgraded to the new "phone dial" style wheels.

In 1985 Porsche introduced the 944 Turbo, a higher-performance variant, known internally as the 951. This had a turbocharged and intercooled version of the standard car's engine that produced 220 bhp (164 kW) at 6000 rpm. The Turbo also featured several other revisions, such as improved aerodynamics, a strengthened gearbox, wider wheels and uprated suspension. Major engine component revisions, more than 30 in all, were made to the 951 to compensate for increased internal loads and heat.

In 1987 a "Super" version, the 944S (naturally-aspirated), was introduced while dual air-bags and an anti-lock braking system were introduced as options on the base model. The 944S had a little more power thanks in part to the series' first sixteen valve engine, as well as other slight improvements. 1988 saw the introduction of the 944 Turbo S, with 250 bhp (186 kW) and a standard limited slip differential. For the 87 model year, ABS anti-lock brakes became an available option. Starting with the 88 model year, dual air bags became standard equipment on all 944 series.

In 1989 the 'S' was dropped from the 944 Turbo S, and all 944 Turbos featured the 'S' package as standard. The regular 944 displacement was increased to a 2.7 L engine. This was the only year for the 2.7 L, as this year saw the introduction of the 944S2 with a 3.0 L engine displacement which saw sales through 1991. The 944S2 had the same rounded nose and valence body of the Turbo model. The S2 was also available as a cabriolet, a first for the 944 line.

In early 1990, Porsche engineers began working on what they had intended to be the third evolution of the 944, the S3. Once invested into the development process, they realized that so many parts were being changed that their "evolution" had really amassed to an almost entirely new vehicle. Porsche quickly rethought their plans, and shifted development from a 944 S3 to a car that would replace the 944 entirely, dubbed 968. The 968 debuted in 1992 and was sold alongside the 928 through 1995, when both models were discontinued.

Production

944

A total of 113,070 944s were made between 1982 and 1989, with 56,921 being exported to the United States.

944 Turbo (951)

A total of 25,107 944 Turbos were made, with 14,235 being exported to the United States.

* - Includes 1000 Turbo S
† - Includes 625 Turbo Cabriolet. A different source, Jerry Sloniger's article in the October 1991 issue of Excellence indicates that the factory built 525, of which 255 were exported to markets outside Germany.

"SP" designates a sport package option.

944S

A total of 12,936 944S were made between 1987-1988, with 8,688 being exported to the United States. Torque was a problem at low RPM, power curve started at 5,000 RPM to 6,800 RPM.

944S2

A total of at least 6,439 944S2 were made between 1989-1991, with 1,929 being exported to the United States. An additional 5640 944S2 cabriolets were produced in these years, with 2,402 being exported to the United States. Today it is actually necessary to equip the S2 with the 951 (944 Turbo) gearbox because this one is the only one with an oil cooler that is necessary through the immense torque. During its time, the 944 S2 had the largest 4-cylinder petrol engine in the world (3.0L). The 944 S2 is the best choice among the 944's because its gas mileage is better than the Turbo's and has considerable horsepower for a normally-aspirated engine (208hp for the US model).

944S2 Cabriolet

944 Special Edition

Awards

The 944 was on Car and Driver's Ten Best list from 1983 through 1985, and the Turbo made the list for 1986.

Reference

  • Wood, J (1997). Porsche: The Legend. Parragon. ISBN 0-75252-072-5.
  • The 924/944/968 FAQ

Version 1.8.2
17 January 2006
The current FAQ maintainer is Kevin Gross, who can be reached at kgross@connact.com . Dennis Mitsch, Jim Pasha, Michael Bremer, Clint Cummings, H. Shrikumar, Michael Kehr, Bob Joyce, George Beuselinck, Albert Broadfoot, Leonard Zech, Walter Spector, Pete Dillon, Marc Belanger, Ryoji Sumida, and many others have contributed to the care and feeding of the FAQ and to the authorship of the information contained within it.


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Shrikumar, Michael Kehr, Bob Joyce, George Beuselinck, Albert Broadfoot, Leonard Zech, Walter Spector, Pete Dillon, Marc Belanger, Ryoji Sumida, and many others have contributed to the care and feeding of the FAQ and to the authorship of the information contained within it. It appears that many books were released and credited to Johnny Gruelle after his death, regardless of who actually wrote and illustrated them. Dennis Mitsch, Jim Pasha, Michael Bremer, Clint Cummings, H.
. Version 1.8.2
17 January 2006
The current FAQ maintainer is Kevin Gross, who can be reached at kgross@connact.com . The current copyright on the characters is owned by Simon & Schuster and Hasbro, Inc. The 944 was on Car and Driver's Ten Best list from 1983 through 1985, and the Turbo made the list for 1986. Many subsequent books were published and the characters made their way into other media, including:.

The 944 S2 is the best choice among the 944's because its gas mileage is better than the Turbo's and has considerable horsepower for a normally-aspirated engine (208hp for the US model). A sequel, Raggedy Andy Stories (1920) introduced the character of her brother, Raggedy Andy, dressed in sailor suit and hat. During its time, the 944 S2 had the largest 4-cylinder petrol engine in the world (3.0L). The character was created in 1915 as a doll, and was introduced to the public in the 1918 book Raggedy Ann Stories. A doll was also marketed along with the book to great success. Today it is actually necessary to equip the S2 with the 951 (944 Turbo) gearbox because this one is the only one with an oil cooler that is necessary through the immense torque. Raggedy Ann is a blue and white clad rag doll with red yarn for hair. An additional 5640 944S2 cabriolets were produced in these years, with 2,402 being exported to the United States. Raggedy Ann is a fictional character created by writer Johnny Gruelle (1880-1938) in a series of books he wrote and illustrated for young children.

A total of at least 6,439 944S2 were made between 1989-1991, with 1,929 being exported to the United States. Raggedy Granny Stories (1977) by Doris Thorner Salzberg. Torque was a problem at low RPM, power curve started at 5,000 RPM to 6,800 RPM. Raggedy Ann's Cooking School (1974). A total of 12,936 944S were made between 1987-1988, with 8,688 being exported to the United States. Raggedy Andy's Treasure Hunt (1973). "SP" designates a sport package option.. Raggedy Ann and the Tagalong Present (1971).

A different source, Jerry Sloniger's article in the October 1991 issue of Excellence indicates that the factory built 525, of which 255 were exported to markets outside Germany. Raggedy Ann and the Wonderful Witch (1961). * - Includes 1000 Turbo S
† - Includes 625 Turbo Cabriolet. Raggedy Ann and the Happy Meadow (1962). A total of 25,107 944 Turbos were made, with 14,235 being exported to the United States. Raggedy Ann and the Hobby Horse (1961) by Johnny Gruelle. A total of 113,070 944s were made between 1982 and 1989, with 56,921 being exported to the United States. Raggedy Ann and the Golden Ring (1961).

The 968 debuted in 1992 and was sold alongside the 928 through 1995, when both models were discontinued. Raggedy Ann's Secret (1959). Porsche quickly rethought their plans, and shifted development from a 944 S3 to a car that would replace the 944 entirely, dubbed 968. Raggedy Ann's Tea Party (1954). Once invested into the development process, they realized that so many parts were being changed that their "evolution" had really amassed to an almost entirely new vehicle. Raggedy Andy's Surprise (1953). In early 1990, Porsche engineers began working on what they had intended to be the third evolution of the 944, the S3. Raggedy Ann's Merriest Christmas (1952) by Johnny Gruelle.

The S2 was also available as a cabriolet, a first for the 944 line. Raggedy Ann and Marcella's First Day At School (1952). The 944S2 had the same rounded nose and valence body of the Turbo model. Ragged Ann's Mystery (1947). This was the only year for the 2.7 L, as this year saw the introduction of the 944S2 with a 3.0 L engine displacement which saw sales through 1991. Raggedy Ann and the Slippery Slide (1947). The regular 944 displacement was increased to a 2.7 L engine. Raggedy Ann's Adventures (1947).

In 1989 the 'S' was dropped from the 944 Turbo S, and all 944 Turbos featured the 'S' package as standard. Raggedy Ann in the Snow White Castle (1946). Starting with the 88 model year, dual air bags became standard equipment on all 944 series. Raggedy Ann and Andy (1944). For the 87 model year, ABS anti-lock brakes became an available option. Raggedy Ann and Betsy Bonnet String (1943) by Johnny Gruelle. 1988 saw the introduction of the 944 Turbo S, with 250 bhp (186 kW) and a standard limited slip differential. Raggedy Ann and Andy and the Nice Fat Policeman (1942) by Johnny Gruelle.

The 944S had a little more power thanks in part to the series' first sixteen valve engine, as well as other slight improvements. Raggedy Ann Goes Sailing (1941). In 1987 a "Super" version, the 944S (naturally-aspirated), was introduced while dual air-bags and an anti-lock braking system were introduced as options on the base model. Raggedy Ann Helps Grandpa Hoppergrass (1940) by Johnny Gruelle. Major engine component revisions, more than 30 in all, were made to the 951 to compensate for increased internal loads and heat. Raggedy Ann and the Hoppy Toad (1940). The Turbo also featured several other revisions, such as improved aerodynamics, a strengthened gearbox, wider wheels and uprated suspension. Raggedy Ann and the Golden Butterfly (1940) by Johnny Gruelle.

This had a turbocharged and intercooled version of the standard car's engine that produced 220 bhp (164 kW) at 6000 rpm. Raggedy Ann and the Laughing Brook (1940) by Johnny Gruelle. In 1985 Porsche introduced the 944 Turbo, a higher-performance variant, known internally as the 951. Raggedy Ann in the Magic Book (1939) written by Johnny Gruelle, illustrated by Worth Gruelle. The "cookie cutter" style wheels used in the early 944s were upgraded to the new "phone dial" style wheels. Miller. Other changes included a change in oil sump capacity, new front and rear cast aluminum control arms and semi-trailing arms, a larger fuel tank, optional heated and powered seats, revised starter, and revisions in the mounting of the transaxle to reduce noise and vibration. Raggedy Ann's Joyful Songs (1937) words and illustrations by Johnny Gruelle, music by Chas.

The alternator was upgraded from a 90 amp alternator to a 115 amp alternator. Raggedy Ann and the Left-Handed Safety Pin (1935). The interior's ergonomics and air conditioning system was improved and the radio antenna also moved from a standard vertical position to being embedded in the windshield. Raggedy Ann in the Golden Meadow (1935) by Johnny Gruelle. In mid-1985 the 944's underwent its first significant changes. Raggedy Ann's Lucky Pennies (1932) by Johnny Gruelle. Porsche had to pay Mitsubishi a fee of $8 for every engine using this system. Raggedy Ann in Cookie Land (1931) by Johnny Gruelle.

The 944's engine used the patented balance shaft technology developed by Mitsubishi (as used in the 2.6 L Astron engine) to minimise vibration. Raggedy Ann's Sunny Songs (1930) words and illustrations by Johnny Gruelle, music by Will Woodin. Compared to the 924, the 944 had updated bodywork and many improved parts such as its engine, brakes etc. Raggedy Ann in the Deep Deep Woods (1930) written and illustrated by Johnny Gruelle. The 944 was introduced in 1982 with a 2.5 L straight-4 engine whose design was based on one half of the Porsche 928's V8 engine. Marcella: A Raggedy Ann Story (1929) by Johnny Gruelle. . Raggedy Ann's Magical Wishes (1928) written and illustrated by Johnny Gruelle.

The 944 was a huge success for Porsche throughout the 1980s, and was available in several forms throughout its evolution: 944, 944S, 944 Turbo, and the 944S2. Raggedy Ann's Fairy Stories (1928) written and illustrated by Johnny Gruelle. Production ended in 1991 when it was replaced by the Porsche 968. Wooden Willie (1927) written and illustrated by Johnny Gruelle. It was introduced in 1982 to replace the Porsche 924 as their entry level model, although the two cars were sold in parallel for a number of years. The Paper Dragon: A Raggedy Ann Adventure (1926) by Johnny Gruelle. The Porsche 944 was a high performance sports car produced by German auto manufacturer Porsche. Beloved Belindy (1926) written and illustrated by Johnny Gruelle.

The 924/944/968 FAQ
. Raggedy Ann's Alphabet Book (1925) by Johnny Gruelle. ISBN 0-75252-072-5. Raggedy Ann's Wishing Pebble (1925) by Johnny Gruelle. Parragon. Raggedy Andy's Number Book (1924) written and illustrated by Johnny Gruelle. Porsche: The Legend. Raggedy Ann and Andy and the Camel with the Wrinkled Knees (1924) by Johnny Gruelle.

Wood, J (1997). Raggedy Andy Stories (1920) written and illustrated by Johnny Gruelle. Raggedy Ann Stories (1918) written and illustrated by Johnny Gruelle. A 1988-1990 animated television series, The Adventures of Raggedy Ann and Andy. Raggedy Ann and Andy in: The Pumpkin Who Couldn’t Smile (1979) a Halloween television special directed by Chuck Jones.

Raggedy Ann and Andy in: the Great Santa Claus Caper (1978) a Christmas television special directed by Chuck Jones. A 1977 animated feature, Raggedy Ann & Andy: A Musical Adventure, directed by Richard Williams. The Enchanted Square (1947). Suddenly It's Spring (1944).

Raggedy Ann and Raggedy Andy (1941). A series of animated Fleischer Studios/Famous Studios shorts:

    .