This page will contain additional articles about Pontiac, as they become available.PontiacTo meet Wikipedia's quality standards and conform with our NPOV policy, this article or section may require cleanup.The current version of the article or section reads like an advertisement. Please discuss this issue on the talk page. Editing help is available. For other uses, see Pontiac (disambiguation). Pontiac is a marque of automobile produced by General Motors and sold in the United States, Canada and Mexico from 1926 to the present. In the GM brand lineup, Pontiac is a mid-level brand featuring a more sporting, performance-driving experience for a reasonable price, and a youthful feel to its advertising. The Pontiac brand was introduced by General Motors in 1926 as the subsidiary to GM's Oakland Motor Car line. The Pontiac name had been used on by another manufacturer in 1906, but that company did not survive. The first General Motors Pontiac was conceived as an affordable six cylinder that was intended to compete with more inexpensive four cylinder models. Within months of its introduction Pontiac outsold Oakland. As Pontiac' sales rose and Oakland's sales continued to decline, Pontiac became the only sudsidiary to survive its parent brand. A Native American Headdress was used as a logo until 1956. The current Pontiac logo was originally meant to represent a Native American arrow-head. An alternate slang term for the marque among performance enthusiasts includes Poncho. Another slang term used in the early stages of brand was "Indian" due the subject matter of its logo. 1948 Pontiac Streamliner Sedan CoupePerformance heritageSince the 1957 introduction of the Bonneville, Pontiac marketing has emphasized performance; the division's slogan for many years was "We Build Excitment". For many years each GM division had its own market niche - Chevrolet was equated with value, Oldsmobile with technology, Buick was marketed affordable luxury, Cadillac as ultimate luxury and Pontiac embraced performance. After the introduction of the Bonneville in 1957, Pontiac's next success was the introduction of its Wide-Track suspension layout in 1959. Wide-track gave the car a broader stance, by increasing the width between the wheels, and claimed greater stability and increased traction. The Pontiac GTO was introduced in 1964 by Pontiac's John DeLorean as an option package on the LeMans/Tempest (GM A-body) car. It was the first Mid Size GM vehicle to be powered by GM's 389 cubic inch V-8. By being the first brand to feature a large engine in a mid size car Pontiac is often credited with launching the muscle car era. Throughout the 1960s, GTOs were well known for their combination of stunning looks and incredible performance. The Pontiac Firebird, introduced in 1967, was an F-body car that closely mirrored the styling and motor offerings of the LeMans/Tempest cars but was placed on a smaller, sportier platform. This body style and its underlying Chevrolet Nova chassis were shared with the Camaro, but the Firebird's engines and trim were totally different. As upscale competition for sporty cars like the Ford Mustang or the Dodge Challenger, the Firebird was perfectly positioned. Over time, Americans began to slowly switch to smaller FWD sport compacts like the Celica and Datsun Z, and Firebird sales slowly began to fall. The Firebird began to be seen as little more than an expensive Camaro - and when sales of the F-body twins began to falter, it didn't take long for GM to pull the plug. They did so in 2002, after 35 years of continuous production. Even more famous was the limited-edition Firebird Trans Am, which was first offered in 1969 and continued through the end of the Firebird in 2002. Early on, the Trans Am was most notable for having the very same 400 in³ V8 engine as its big GTO counterpart, but in a smaller body. This pattern continued through the late 1970s, after which the Trans Am became more of a luxury model than a real performance machine. Just about the time that these muscle cars were getting big attention, emissions regulations and oil shortages quickly ground them to a halt. While production first started in the late 1950s, it did not hit its stride until the late 1960s. By 1972, few were left on the market. Most telling was the fate of the GTO - originally conceived as a powerful mid-size coupe, by 1974 the GTO option was offered only on the compact Ventura, a rebadged Chevrolet Nova. And then, it too was gone. From the late-1970's on to the late-1980's, while downsizing its North American operations, General Motors had little funds to spend on independent brand-specific performance platforms. That was until the Pontiac Fiero was introduced in 1983 as a 1984 model. Drawing heavily from GM's parts bin, the Fiero was initially billed as a commuter car. While it was not performance oriented in its initial release, its final versions with improved suspension geometry and available 2.8L V6 made the Fiero a potent mid-engined sports car. With the demise of the Fiero in 1988, Pontiac only offered badge engineered products from other GM divisions. In 2001, Bob Lutz, the former Vice-Chairman of Chrysler Corporation was hired to help turn GM around. One of his first ideas was to bring back the GTO in order to revive Pontiac's performance heritage in light of the Firebird's demise. Finding limitted numbers of smaller RWD coupe platforms, Pontiac looked to Holden, a GM division of Australia, for the platform of their GTO. Beginning late 2004, GM's Holden division produced a version of their Monaro coupe with Pontiac trim and all the attitude of the original 1960s editions. Producing 400 hp from a thoroughly modern V8 engine, and with a world-class chassis, the new GTO is at least as good as its predecessors. But its lackluster styling turned off many buyers and forced GM to add hood scoops and other styling touches in order to make the GTO look like the originals. In the summer of 2005, the Pontiac Solstice sports roadster arrived, and with it the renewed promise of style and driving fun. It was launched on an episode of The Apprentice; the following day the first thousand Solstices were sold in just 41 minutes. Solstice became one of hottest car America's throughout 2005 as Pontiac reported orders far beyond their ability to produce the car, and dealer mark-ups of thousands of dollars over sticker price, a rarity for GM in this time of deep incentives. Also, in 2005, Pontiac put a V8 under the hood of the Grand Prix. Called the Grand Prix GXP, it would give the Grand Prix its first V8 since 1987. A majority of Pontiac dealerships also sell GMC trucks - the trade name used by GM executives is the Pontiac/GMC division. EnginesPontiac's Second Generation V8 engines were nearly identical, allowing many parts to interchange from its advent in 1958 to its demise in 1981. Sizes ranged from 265 in³ to 455 in³. This similarity (except the 301 & 265) makes rebuilding these engines particularly easy, as almost any Pontiac engine you can find will contain useful parts. This dimensional similarity between engines of various capacity also made it possible for Pontiac to invent the modern muscle car, by the relatively simple process of placing its largest engines into its midsize cars, creating the Pontiac GTO. The non-traditional Pontiac V8 was the 301 and the smaller displacement 265 in³. Produced from 1977 through 1981, this motor has the distinction of being the last Pontiac V8 produced by PMD. The 301 has a 4 inch bore and 3 inch stroke, identical to the vaunted Chevrolet and Ford 302 motors. Pontiac engines were not available in Canada, however, but were replaced with Chevrolet engines of similar size and power, resulting in such interesting and unusual (at least to American car fans) models as the 396 GTO. See Pontiac V8 engine All Pontiac Motor Division (PMD) engines (pre-1980 unified GM) were designed around a low-RPM/high-torque model, as opposed to the ubiquitous Chevrolet Small-Block engine known for its smaller displacement and high RPM/high power design. PMD engines were unique for their rear distributor, integrated water pump and timing chain cover, and separate valley pan and intake. CarburetorsPMD originally used Rochester 1-barrel carburetors for many years, but by the time of the second generation engines had switched mostly to the 2-barrel offerings. These were the basis for the Tri-Power setups on the engines. The Tri-Power setup included one center carburetor with idle control and two end carburetors that did not until the throttle was partly opened. This was accomplished two ways, mechanically for the manual transmission models, and via a vacuum-switch on the automatics. This went through various permutations before being banned by GM. PMD also had a square-bore 4-barrel at the time, but this was rated at a lower power than the Tri-Power. This carburetor was later replaced by the Quadrajet, a spread bore. Spread-bore refers to either the distance between the primaries or to the difference in sizes between the primaries and secondaries. By the end of the muscle car era, the Quadrajet setup had become the nearly-ubiquitous choice on PMD engines, due to its excellent economy and power characteristics. While it has been derided by many as a poor performer, many have shown that with proper understanding, it can compete at most levels with other designs. Similar carburetors include the Thermoquad and the Q-jet. This design proved good enough to last well into the 1980s with emissions modifications while most others carburetors were dropped for the easier to build fuel injection when economy mattered. This page about Pontiac includes information from a Wikipedia article. Additional articles about Pontiac News stories about Pontiac External links for Pontiac Videos for Pontiac Wikis about Pontiac Discussion Groups about Pontiac Blogs about Pontiac Images of Pontiac |
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By the end of the muscle car era, the Quadrajet setup had become the nearly-ubiquitous choice on PMD engines, due to its excellent economy and power characteristics. A quilt's name implies there is some meaning to a quilt beyond its creation, to whatever degree. Spread-bore refers to either the distance between the primaries or to the difference in sizes between the primaries and secondaries. This was an important step in taking the craft of quilting into the art realm. This carburetor was later replaced by the Quadrajet, a spread bore. During the late 1900's, the quilt community started to encourage quilters to label their quilts, starting with a name for the quilt, in addition to their own name, and completion date for the work. PMD also had a square-bore 4-barrel at the time, but this was rated at a lower power than the Tri-Power. Meaningfulness, in whatever way the viewer perceives it, is involved in the experience of an art quilt, as opposed to a quilt built as an exercise in craft or technical capabilities, or for practical bedroom purposes. This went through various permutations before being banned by GM. These are techniques, though, and art involves more than mere technique. This was accomplished two ways, mechanically for the manual transmission models, and via a vacuum-switch on the automatics. Art quilts can be created using any of the techniques of a quilt - piecing, applique, whole cloth, or even machine embroidery. The Tri-Power setup included one center carburetor with idle control and two end carburetors that did not until the throttle was partly opened. Distinguishing art quilts from the main category of quilts can be difficult. These were the basis for the Tri-Power setups on the engines. Stern Architects to house the Center and its collections was scheduled for groundbreaking in early 2006. PMD originally used Rochester 1-barrel carburetors for many years, but by the time of the second generation engines had switched mostly to the 2-barrel offerings. M. PMD engines were unique for their rear distributor, integrated water pump and timing chain cover, and separate valley pan and intake. A construction project to complete a building designed by Robert A. All Pontiac Motor Division (PMD) engines (pre-1980 unified GM) were designed around a low-RPM/high-torque model, as opposed to the ubiquitous Chevrolet Small-Block engine known for its smaller displacement and high RPM/high power design. It includes important collections of Amish quilts, French 18th and 19th century masterworks, the Robert Cargo Collection of African-American quilts, the Jonathan Holstein Collection (which includes all of the quilts shown in the landmark exhibition at the Whitney Museum of American Art in 1971, "Abstract Design in American Quilts") and an important collection of contemporary art quilts. See Pontiac V8 engine. Established in 1997 with the donation of nearly 950 quilts from the Ardis & Robert James Collection, the collection now numbers nearly 2,000 objects and spans the last three centuries. Pontiac engines were not available in Canada, however, but were replaced with Chevrolet engines of similar size and power, resulting in such interesting and unusual (at least to American car fans) models as the 396 GTO. The largest known public collection of quilts is housed at the International Quilt Study Center, part of the Department of Textiles, Clothing & Design in the College of Education and Human Sciences at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska. The 301 has a 4 inch bore and 3 inch stroke, identical to the vaunted Chevrolet and Ford 302 motors. Many historic quilts can be seen at the American Museum in Bath. Produced from 1977 through 1981, this motor has the distinction of being the last Pontiac V8 produced by PMD. The Museum also houses other exhibits of quilt collections, both historic and modern. The non-traditional Pontiac V8 was the 301 and the smaller displacement 265 in³. The museum houses a large collection of quilts, most of which are winning entries from the American Quilter's Society festival and quilt competition held yearly in April. This dimensional similarity between engines of various capacity also made it possible for Pontiac to invent the modern muscle car, by the relatively simple process of placing its largest engines into its midsize cars, creating the Pontiac GTO. The Museum of the American Quilter's Society (also known as the National Quilt Museum) is located in Paducah, Kentucky. This similarity (except the 301 & 265) makes rebuilding these engines particularly easy, as almost any Pontiac engine you can find will contain useful parts. Amongst famous quilts in history is the AIDS Memorial Quilt, which was begun in San Francisco in 1987, is cared for by The NAMES Project Foundation and is displayed in various arranged locations. Sizes ranged from 265 in³ to 455 in³. As an example, the "science" quilt image above has 35 blocks arranged in a 5x7 pattern, set with a sashing of green strips combined with red squares at the corners of the blocks, and a white binding, but no border strips. Pontiac's Second Generation V8 engines were nearly identical, allowing many parts to interchange from its advent in 1958 to its demise in 1981. Borders are then often added to help set off the piece, and then a binding is added to edge the quilt after the quilting is done. A majority of Pontiac dealerships also sell GMC trucks - the trade name used by GM executives is the Pontiac/GMC division. The blocks are then sewn together, either edge to edge, or with separator strips of cloth called sashing. Called the Grand Prix GXP, it would give the Grand Prix its first V8 since 1987. In the more common case of blocks, a number of techniques are used to create the blocks. Also, in 2005, Pontiac put a V8 under the hood of the Grand Prix. The quilt top is created either from blocks or one whole piece of cloth. Solstice became one of hottest car America's throughout 2005 as Pontiac reported orders far beyond their ability to produce the car, and dealer mark-ups of thousands of dollars over sticker price, a rarity for GM in this time of deep incentives. Many Amish quilts feature the use of black which makes the other colors sparkle and gives a contemporary art look to the quilts. It was launched on an episode of The Apprentice; the following day the first thousand Solstices were sold in just 41 minutes. They use solid colors only in their clothing and quilts with some particular church districts limiting the use of certain colors such as yellow or red because those are considered "too worldly". In the summer of 2005, the Pontiac Solstice sports roadster arrived, and with it the renewed promise of style and driving fun. Because the Amish people believe in not being "flashy" or "worldly" in dress and lifestyle, their quilts reflect this religious philosophy. But its lackluster styling turned off many buyers and forced GM to add hood scoops and other styling touches in order to make the GTO look like the originals. Amish quilts are reflections of the Amish way. Producing 400 hp from a thoroughly modern V8 engine, and with a world-class chassis, the new GTO is at least as good as its predecessors. . Beginning late 2004, GM's Holden division produced a version of their Monaro coupe with Pontiac trim and all the attitude of the original 1960s editions. In British English, quilt is another way of saying duvet, and wadding is another way of saying batting. Finding limitted numbers of smaller RWD coupe platforms, Pontiac looked to Holden, a GM division of Australia, for the platform of their GTO. Many quilts are made with decorative designs; indeed, some quilts are not used as bed covering at all, but are rather made to be hung on a wall or otherwise displayed. One of his first ideas was to bring back the GTO in order to revive Pontiac's performance heritage in light of the Firebird's demise. Tied quilts are called, depending on the regional area, "hap", "comfort" or "comforter", among other names. In 2001, Bob Lutz, the former Vice-Chairman of Chrysler Corporation was hired to help turn GM around. This method is easier and more forgiving if the quilt is made by hand. With the demise of the Fiero in 1988, Pontiac only offered badge engineered products from other GM divisions. These "ties" hold the layers together during use and especially when the quilt is washed. While it was not performance oriented in its initial release, its final versions with improved suspension geometry and available 2.8L V6 made the Fiero a potent mid-engined sports car. Typing refers to the technique of using thread, yarn or ribbon to pass through all three layers of the quilt at reqular intervals. Drawing heavily from GM's parts bin, the Fiero was initially billed as a commuter car. Another technique for securing the quilt layers is tying. That was until the Pontiac Fiero was introduced in 1983 as a 1984 model. A quilt is a type of bedding— a bed covering composed of a quilt top, a layer of batting, and a layer of fabric for backing, generally combined using the technique of quilting. From the late-1970's on to the late-1980's, while downsizing its North American operations, General Motors had little funds to spend on independent brand-specific performance platforms. How to make an American Quilt by Whitney Otto. And then, it too was gone. The Quiltmaker's Journey by Jeff Brumbeau, illustrated by Gail de Marcken. Most telling was the fate of the GTO - originally conceived as a powerful mid-size coupe, by 1974 the GTO option was offered only on the compact Ventura, a rebadged Chevrolet Nova. The Quiltmaker's Gift by Jeff Brumbeau, illustrated by Gail de Marcken. By 1972, few were left on the market. ELM CREEK QUILTS: QUILT PROJECTS INSPIRED BY THE ELM CREEK QUILTS NOVELS by Jennifer Chiaverini and Nancy Odom. While production first started in the late 1950s, it did not hit its stride until the late 1960s. The Sugar Camp Quilt by Jennifer Chiaverini. Just about the time that these muscle cars were getting big attention, emissions regulations and oil shortages quickly ground them to a halt. The Master Quilter by Jennifer Chiaverini. This pattern continued through the late 1970s, after which the Trans Am became more of a luxury model than a real performance machine. The Quilter's Legacy by Jennifer Chiaverini. Early on, the Trans Am was most notable for having the very same 400 in³ V8 engine as its big GTO counterpart, but in a smaller body. The Runaway Quilt by Jennifer Chiaverini. Even more famous was the limited-edition Firebird Trans Am, which was first offered in 1969 and continued through the end of the Firebird in 2002. The Cross-Country Quilters by Jennifer Chiaverini. They did so in 2002, after 35 years of continuous production. Round Robin by Jennifer Chiaverini. The Firebird began to be seen as little more than an expensive Camaro - and when sales of the F-body twins began to falter, it didn't take long for GM to pull the plug. The Quilter's Apprentice by Jennifer Chiaverini, ISBN: 0452281725, Publisher: Plume Books (2000). Over time, Americans began to slowly switch to smaller FWD sport compacts like the Celica and Datsun Z, and Firebird sales slowly began to fall. Ismat Chughtai wrote an Urdu-language story Lihaf (The Quilt) (1941) that lead to scandal and an unsuccessful attempt at legal prosecution of the author because it was about a lesbian relationship. As upscale competition for sporty cars like the Ford Mustang or the Dodge Challenger, the Firebird was perfectly positioned. Whole cloth - Where no embellishment is done to the quilt top before starting the quilting process. This body style and its underlying Chevrolet Nova chassis were shared with the Camaro, but the Firebird's engines and trim were totally different. Embroidery - Where an image is created by sewing thread either by hand or machine onto the surface of a block. The Pontiac Firebird, introduced in 1967, was an F-body car that closely mirrored the styling and motor offerings of the LeMans/Tempest cars but was placed on a smaller, sportier platform. Broderie perse is an example of applique. Throughout the 1960s, GTOs were well known for their combination of stunning looks and incredible performance. Applique - where pieces of cloth in various shapes are either hand or machine sewn to the surface of a block. By being the first brand to feature a large engine in a mid size car Pontiac is often credited with launching the muscle car era. Piecing or patchwork - where small geometric or curved pieces of cloth are sewn together to form blocks. It was the first Mid Size GM vehicle to be powered by GM's 389 cubic inch V-8. Artistic Expression. The Pontiac GTO was introduced in 1964 by Pontiac's John DeLorean as an option package on the LeMans/Tempest (GM A-body) car. Documenting events / social history etc. Wide-track gave the car a broader stance, by increasing the width between the wheels, and claimed greater stability and increased traction. Campaigning. After the introduction of the Bonneville in 1957, Pontiac's next success was the introduction of its Wide-Track suspension layout in 1959. Educational (e.g., the "Science" quilt image shown here). For many years each GM division had its own market niche - Chevrolet was equated with value, Oldsmobile with technology, Buick was marketed affordable luxury, Cadillac as ultimate luxury and Pontiac embraced performance. Commemorative (e.g., the "Twentieth Century Women of Faith" quilt on the Patchwork page). Since the 1957 introduction of the Bonneville, Pontiac marketing has emphasized performance; the division's slogan for many years was "We Build Excitment". Armoury (see Gambeson). . Decorative. Another slang term used in the early stages of brand was "Indian" due the subject matter of its logo. Bedding. An alternate slang term for the marque among performance enthusiasts includes Poncho. The current Pontiac logo was originally meant to represent a Native American arrow-head. A Native American Headdress was used as a logo until 1956. As Pontiac' sales rose and Oakland's sales continued to decline, Pontiac became the only sudsidiary to survive its parent brand. Within months of its introduction Pontiac outsold Oakland. The first General Motors Pontiac was conceived as an affordable six cylinder that was intended to compete with more inexpensive four cylinder models. The Pontiac name had been used on by another manufacturer in 1906, but that company did not survive. The Pontiac brand was introduced by General Motors in 1926 as the subsidiary to GM's Oakland Motor Car line. In the GM brand lineup, Pontiac is a mid-level brand featuring a more sporting, performance-driving experience for a reasonable price, and a youthful feel to its advertising. Pontiac is a marque of automobile produced by General Motors and sold in the United States, Canada and Mexico from 1926 to the present. |