This page will contain images about Playstation, as they become available.PlayStation(Redirected from Playstation)The PlayStation (Japanese: プレイステーション) is a video game console of the 32-bit era, first produced by Sony Computer Entertainment in the 1990s. The original PlayStation was the first of the PlayStation series of console and hand-held game devices, which has included successor machines including the PSone, PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, and the forthcoming PlayStation 3. HistoryThe PlayStation was launched in Japan on December 3, 1994, the USA on September 9, 1995 and Europe on September 29, 1995. In America, Sony enjoyed a very successful launch with titles of almost every genre including Toshinden, Twisted Metal, Warhawk, and Ridge Racer. Almost all of Sony and Namco's launch titles went on to produce numerous sequels. The console was extremely popular, spawning the so-called "PlayStation Generation". Among many other games, the PlayStation is well known for the Tomb Raider, Final Fantasy, Resident Evil, Tekken, wipEout, Gran Turismo, Crash Bandicoot, Spyro, and Metal Gear Solid series of games. As of 18 May 2004, Sony has shipped 100 million PlayStation and PSOne consoles throughout the world. As of March 2004, there were 7,300 software titles available with cumulative software shipment of 949 million. Nintendo and Sony's earlier co-operation in developing a CD-ROM based system (see SNES) lead to the former filing a lawsuit claiming breach of contract and attempted, in U.S. federal court, to obtain an injunction against the release of the PlayStation, on the grounds that Nintendo owned the name. The federal Judge presiding over the case denied the injunction. VariantsAn original PlayStation control pad. This model was later replaced by the DualShock PSone with LCD screen and a DualShock controllerSony now produces a redesigned version of the original console, called the "PSone", in a smaller (and more ergonomic) case. The original PlayStation was often abbreviated to "PSX", the system's indevelopment codename, until 2003, when a new system formally named the PSX was introduced by Sony (an upgraded PlayStation 2 which includes a DVD burner, a hard drive, and digital video recorder). The PlayStation is now officially abbreviated as the "PS1" or "PSOne," although many people still abbreviate it "PSX". A version of the PlayStation called the Net Yaroze was also produced. It is more expensive than the original PlayStation, coloured black instead of the usual gray, and most importantly, came with tools and instructions that allowed a user to be able to program PlayStation games and applications without the need for a full developers suite (which could cost many times the amount of a PlayStation). However, the Net Yaroze lacks many of the features the full developers suite provides. It is also unique in that it is the only official Sony PlayStation with no regional lockout; it will play games from any territory. Another version that was colored blue (as opposed to regular console units that were gray in color) was available to game developers and select press. It had double the main RAM size (4 Megabytes instead of 2 Megabytes) and a CD-ROM emulator board connected to PC. It was also able to run in-development games which lacked region coding (which would be rejected by a normal PlayStation as though they were pirate copies). A few of these units eventually appeared for sale through somewhat dubious channels at high prices (~£299 when the PlayStation itself was selling at around £99). The installation of a modchip allows PlayStation's capabilities to be expanded. This allows unauthorized copies of games to be played, but it also allows the playing of games from other countries. Since modchips allow playing games recorded on a regular CD-ROM, it created a wave of games developed without official Sony approval, using free GNU compiler tools. SuccessorsSony's successor to the PlayStation is the aptly titled PlayStation 2, which is largely compatible with its predecessor, in the sense that it can play most PlayStation games unmodified. This is done by embedding the most important parts of the PSOne inside the PlayStation 2 design, so two systems can be provided for the price of one. Unlike emulators that run on the PC, the Playstation 2 actually contains the original Playstation processor, allowing games to run exactly as they do on the Playstation. For Playstation 2 games this processor, called the IOP, is used for input and output (memory cards, DVD drive, network, and harddrive). The PlayStation 2 is based on a custom processor, known as the Emotion Engine, that Sony developed. The next generation of the PlayStation is known as PlayStation 3 or PS3 and expected to be launched in 2006. The PS3 appears to be the first game console to use grid computing technology. The PlayStation Portable (abbreviated PSP) is a handheld PlayStation for on-the-go gaming. The portable device will be available in Europe somewhere around early summer 2005, while it has already been released in Japan, the exact date being December 12, 2004, and was released in the US on March 24, 2005. The PlayStation has historical links to an abortive CD-ROM add-on to the SNES, which would have been able to include large multimedia. For various reasons, including the failure of the Sega CD, that project was cancelled. ScreenshotsSpecificationsMain CPUA PlayStation motherboardMIPS R3000A-compatible (R3051) 32bit RISC chip running at 33.8688 MHz The chip is manufactured by LSI Logic Corp. with technology licensed from SGI. The chip also contains the Geometry Transformation Engine and the Data Decompression Engine. Features:
Geometry Transformation EngineThis engine is inside the main CPU chip. It gives it additional (vector-)math instructions used for the 3D graphics. Features:
Sony originally gave the polygon count as:
These figures were given as a ballpark figure for performance under optimal circumstances, and so are unrealistic under normal usage. Data Decompression EngineThis engine is also inside the main CPU chip. It is responsible for decompressing images and video. Documented device mode is to read three RLE-encoded 16×16 macroblocks, run IDCT and assemble a single 16×16 RGB macroblock. Output data may be transferred directly to GPU via DMA. It is possible to overwrite IDCT matrix and some additional parameters, however MDEC internal instruction set was never documented. Features:
Graphics Processing UnitThis chip is separate to the CPU and handles all the 2D Graphics processing, which includes the transformed 3D polygons. Features:
Sound Processing UnitFeatures:
Memory
CD-ROMFeatures:
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Features:. The issue has often been a source of friction in situations where correct naming conventions are mandated, as people frequently disagree over which spelling is correct or incorrect, and where it is correctly or incorrectly applied. Features:. The nuances in the Hawaiian language debate are often not obvious or well-appreciated outside Hawai‘i. Features:. While in local Hawaiian society the spelling and pronunciation of Hawai‘i is preferred in nearly all cases, even by standard English speakers, the federal spelling is used for purposes of interpolitical relations between other states and foreign governments. This chip is separate to the CPU and handles all the 2D Graphics processing, which includes the transformed 3D polygons. Private entities, including local mass media, also have shown a preference for the use of the ‘okina. Features:. Official government publications, as well as department and office titles, use the traditional Hawaiian spelling. It is possible to overwrite IDCT matrix and some additional parameters, however MDEC internal instruction set was never documented. However, many state and municipal entities and officials have recognized Hawai‘i to be the correct state name. Output data may be transferred directly to GPU via DMA. As prescribed in the Admission Act of 1959 that granted Hawaiian statehood, the federal government recognizes Hawaii to be the official state name. Documented device mode is to read three RLE-encoded 16×16 macroblocks, run IDCT and assemble a single 16×16 RGB macroblock. A somewhat divisive political issue that has arisen since the Constitution of Hawai‘i adopted Hawaiian as an official state language is the exact spelling of the state's name. It is responsible for decompressing images and video. Laborer emigrants from different countries — China, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Portugal — began composing their own words and phrases based on their own language traditions merged with Hawaiian and Hawaiian English. This engine is also inside the main CPU chip. Hawaiian Pidgin finds its origins in the sugarcane and pineapple plantations as laborers from different cultures were forced to find their own ways of communicating and understanding each other. These figures were given as a ballpark figure for performance under optimal circumstances, and so are unrealistic under normal usage. Over the course of Hawaiian history, a third language was developed that is in common use throughout the state today. Originally considered a mere dialect of Hawaiian English, cultural anthropologists have recently reached consensus that Hawaiian Pidgin is a distinct language on its own. Sony originally gave the polygon count as:. Municipal codes were altered in favor of Hawaiian place and street names for new civic developments. Features:. Also, the University of Hawai‘i System developed the only Hawaiian language graduate studies program in the world. It gives it additional (vector-)math instructions used for the 3D graphics. With the help of the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, also created by the 1978 constitutional convention, specially designated Hawaiian language immersion schools were established where students would be taught in all subjects using Hawaiian. This engine is inside the main CPU chip. Public and independent schools throughout the state began teaching Hawaiian language standards as part of the regular curricula, beginning with preschool. Features:. As a result of the constitutional provision, interest in the Hawaiian language was revived in the late 20th century. The chip also contains the Geometry Transformation Engine and the Data Decompression Engine. For these reasons, careful writers use the modern Hawaiian orthography. with technology licensed from SGI. This can be a problem in interpreting 19th century Hawaiian texts recorded in the older orthography. The chip is manufactured by LSI Logic Corp. However, when spelled as lānai it means veranda while Lāna‘i refers to an island. MIPS R3000A-compatible (R3051) 32bit RISC chip running at 33.8688 MHz. For example, the word lanai means stiff-necked. For various reasons, including the failure of the Sega CD, that project was cancelled. Omission of the ‘okina and kahakō in printed texts can even obscure the meaning of the word. The PlayStation has historical links to an abortive CD-ROM add-on to the SNES, which would have been able to include large multimedia. When a Hawaiian word is spelled without any necessary ‘okina and kahakō, it is impossible for someone who does not already know the word to guess at the proper pronunciation. The portable device will be available in Europe somewhere around early summer 2005, while it has already been released in Japan, the exact date being December 12, 2004, and was released in the US on March 24, 2005. The ‘okina indicates a glottal stop while the macron called kahakō signifies a long vowel sound. The PlayStation Portable (abbreviated PSP) is a handheld PlayStation for on-the-go gaming. Later, additional characters were added to clarify pronunciation. The PS3 appears to be the first game console to use grid computing technology. The missionaries assigned letters from the English alphabet that roughly correspond to the Hawaiian sounds. The next generation of the PlayStation is known as PlayStation 3 or PS3 and expected to be launched in 2006. The first written form of Hawaiian was developed by American Protestant missionaries in Hawai‘i during the early 19th century. The PlayStation 2 is based on a custom processor, known as the Emotion Engine, that Sony developed. Before the arrival of Captain James Cook, the Hawaiian language was purely a spoken language. For Playstation 2 games this processor, called the IOP, is used for input and output (memory cards, DVD drive, network, and harddrive). Hawaiian is legally acceptable in all legal documents, from depositions to legislative bills. Unlike emulators that run on the PC, the Playstation 2 actually contains the original Playstation processor, allowing games to run exactly as they do on the Playstation. Standard Hawaiian English, a subset of American English, is also commonly used for other formal business. This is done by embedding the most important parts of the PSOne inside the PlayStation 2 design, so two systems can be provided for the price of one. Article XV, Section 4 requires the use of Hawaiian in official state business such as public acts, documents, laws and transactions. Sony's successor to the PlayStation is the aptly titled PlayStation 2, which is largely compatible with its predecessor, in the sense that it can play most PlayStation games unmodified. The state of Hawai‘i has two official languages as prescribed by the Constitution of Hawai‘i adopted at the 1978 constitutional convention: Hawaiian and English. Since modchips allow playing games recorded on a regular CD-ROM, it created a wave of games developed without official Sony approval, using free GNU compiler tools. Main article: Hawaiian language. The installation of a modchip allows PlayStation's capabilities to be expanded. This allows unauthorized copies of games to be played, but it also allows the playing of games from other countries. The resolution was passed by Congress and signed by President Bill Clinton. A few of these units eventually appeared for sale through somewhat dubious channels at high prices (~£299 when the PlayStation itself was selling at around £99). The movement's most prominent success was the passage of the Apology Resolution of 1993 that made redress for American actions leading to the overthrow of the kingdom. It was also able to run in-development games which lacked region coding (which would be rejected by a normal PlayStation as though they were pirate copies). Regrets over the demise of the Hawaiian monarchy produced several political organizations that are collectively known as the Hawaiian sovereignty movement. It had double the main RAM size (4 Megabytes instead of 2 Megabytes) and a CD-ROM emulator board connected to PC. Prevalent in post-statehood Hawai‘i was an increase in combative attitudes by some native Hawaiians towards the federal government, which is seen by some as an occupying power. Another version that was colored blue (as opposed to regular console units that were gray in color) was available to game developers and select press. In addition, they sought to promote native control over Hawaiian issues by creating the Office of Hawaiian Affairs. It is also unique in that it is the only official Sony PlayStation with no regional lockout; it will play games from any territory. Its delegates created programs that sought to revive the indigenous Hawaiian language and culture. However, the Net Yaroze lacks many of the features the full developers suite provides. The Hawai‘i State Constitutional Convention of 1978 heralded what some called a Hawaiian renaissance. It is more expensive than the original PlayStation, coloured black instead of the usual gray, and most importantly, came with tools and instructions that allowed a user to be able to program PlayStation games and applications without the need for a full developers suite (which could cost many times the amount of a PlayStation). The state also worked toward restoring the native Hawaiian culture that was suppressed after the overthrow. A version of the PlayStation called the Net Yaroze was also produced. In its place, the Hawai‘i Democratic Party dominated state politics for forty years. The PlayStation is now officially abbreviated as the "PS1" or "PSOne," although many people still abbreviate it "PSX". The Hawai‘i Republican Party, which was strongly supported by the plantation owners, was voted out of office. Sony now produces a redesigned version of the original console, called the "PSone", in a smaller (and more ergonomic) case. The original PlayStation was often abbreviated to "PSX", the system's indevelopment codename, until 2003, when a new system formally named the PSX was introduced by Sony (an upgraded PlayStation 2 which includes a DVD burner, a hard drive, and digital video recorder). After statehood, Hawai‘i quickly became a modern state with a construction boom and rapidly growing economy. The federal Judge presiding over the case denied the injunction. On March 18, 1959, President Dwight Eisenhower signed the Admission Act which made Hawai‘i the 50th state of the Union, a law that became effective on August 21, 1959. federal court, to obtain an injunction against the release of the PlayStation, on the grounds that Nintendo owned the name. Expecting to gain full voting rights, they actively campaigned for statehood for the Hawaiian Islands. Nintendo and Sony's earlier co-operation in developing a CD-ROM based system (see SNES) lead to the former filing a lawsuit claiming breach of contract and attempted, in U.S. Because they were born in a United States territory, they were legal American citizens. As of March 2004, there were 7,300 software titles available with cumulative software shipment of 949 million. The power of the plantation owners was finally broken by activist descendants of original immigrant laborers. Among many other games, the PlayStation is well known for the Tomb Raider, Final Fantasy, Resident Evil, Tekken, wipEout, Gran Turismo, Crash Bandicoot, Spyro, and Metal Gear Solid series of games. As of 18 May 2004, Sony has shipped 100 million PlayStation and PSOne consoles throughout the world. Plantation owners, like those that comprised the so-called Big Five, found territorial status convenient, enabling them to continue importing cheap foreign labor; such immigration was prohibited in various other states of the Union. The console was extremely popular, spawning the so-called "PlayStation Generation". Though several attempts were made to achieve statehood, Hawai‘i remained a territory for sixty years. Almost all of Sony and Namco's launch titles went on to produce numerous sequels. In 1900, it was granted self-governance and retained Iolani Palace as the territorial capitol building. In America, Sony enjoyed a very successful launch with titles of almost every genre including Toshinden, Twisted Metal, Warhawk, and Ridge Racer. The Newlands Resolution was passed on July 7, 1898, formally annexing Hawai‘i as a United States territory. The PlayStation was launched in Japan on December 3, 1994, the USA on September 9, 1995 and Europe on September 29, 1995. Main article: Territory of Hawai‘i.
Originally Single Speed, later replaced with a Two Speed drive, with a maximum data throughput of 300 KB/s. Among other things, it stripped the king of his administrative authorities and deprived native Hawaiians of the right to vote in elections. PlayStation Memory Cards have 128 Kilobytes of space in an EEPROM. However, American interests effectively rendered the monarchy powerless by enacting the Bayonet Constitution. Operating System ROM: 512 Kilobytes. After him, governance was passed on to the House of Kalākaua. CD-Rom Buffer: 32 Kilobytes. The death of the bachelor King Kamehameha V who did not name an heir resulted in the election of King Lunalilo. Sound RAM: 512 Kilobytes. That led to the Edict of Toleration that established religious freedom in the Hawaiian Islands. Video RAM: 1 Megabyte. One of the most important events during those years was the suppression of the Hawaii Catholic Church. Main RAM: 2 Megabytes (4 Megabytes on "Blue" development console). He established the House of Kamehameha, a dynasty that ruled over the kingdom until 1872. PC file name format: .PSF. After a series of battles that ended in 1795 and peaceful cession of the island of Kaua‘i in 1810, the Hawaiian Islands were united for the first time under a single ruler who would become known as King Kamehameha the Great. Supports MIDI instruments. Main article: Kingdom of Hawai‘i. Could handle up to 512Kb of sampled waveforms. Cook named his discovery the Sandwich Islands in honor of one of his sponsors, John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich. Digital Reverb. Historians credited Cook with the discovery after he was the first to plot and publish the geographical coordinates of the Hawaiian Islands. Looping. Vague reports by various European explorers suggest that Hawai‘i was visited by foreigners well before the 1778 arrival of British explorer Captain James Cook. Envelope. The general trend was towards chiefdoms of increasing size, even encompassing whole islands. Pitch Modulation. Warfare was endemic. Could perform digital effects including:
Flat or Gouraud
shading, and texture mapping. These first peoples preserved memories of the early migrations orally through genealogies and folk tales, like the stories of Hawai‘iloa and Pa‘ao. Emulation of simultaneous backgrounds (for parallax
scrolling). Anthropologists believe that Polynesians from the Marquesas and Society Islands first populated the Hawaiian Islands approximately 1500 years
ago. Maximum of 4000 8×8 pixel sprites with
individual scaling and rotation. Main article: Ancient Hawai‘i, Hawaiian mythology, Polynesian mythology. Unlimited Colour Lookup Tables. Adjustable frame buffer. Other large cities and towns include Hilo, Kahului and Līhu‘e. Resolutions from 256×224 to 640×480. The largest city, Honolulu, was the one chosen by King Kamehameha III as the capital of his kingdom due to the natural harbor there, the present-day Honolulu Harbor. Maximum of 16.7 Million Colours. The movement of the Hawaiian royal family from the Island of Hawai‘i to Maui and subsequently to O‘ahu explains why certain population centers exist where they do today. Directly connected to CPU Bus. Those conditions created made Mount Wai‘ale‘ale the wettest place on earth; it averages 11.7 m (460 in) of rain annually. Operating Performance of 80 MIPS. The volcanic activity and subsequent erosion created impressive geological features. Compatible with MPEG-1 and H.261 files. The isolation of the Hawaiian Islands in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and the wide range of environments to be found on high islands located in and near the tropics has resulted in a vast array of endemic flora and fauna. 500,000 texture mapped and light-sourced polygons per second. The newest volcano to form is Lo‘ihi, deep below the waters off the south coast of the Island of Hawai‘i. 1.5 Million Flat-Shaded Polygons per second. The last volcanic eruption outside the Island of Hawai‘i happened at Haleakala on Maui in the late 18th century. 180,000 texture mapped and light-sourced polygons per second. This explains why only volcanoes on the the southern half of the Island of Hawai‘i are presently active. 360,000 Flat-Shaded Polygons per second. All of the Hawaiian Islands were formed by volcanoes arising from the sea floor through a vent described in geological theory as a hotspot. The theory maintains that as the tectonic plate beneath much the Pacific Ocean moves in a northwesterly direction, the hot spot remains stationary, slowly creating new volcanoes. Operating Performance of 66 MIPS. These islands are, in order from the northwest to southeast, Ni‘ihau, Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Moloka‘i, Lāna‘i, Kaho‘olawe, Maui and the Island of Hawai‘i. Data Cache 1 KB (non associative, just 1024 bytes of mapped fast SRAM). The main islands are the eight high islands at the southeastern end of the island chain. Instruction Cache 4 KB. Nineteen islands and atolls extending across a distance of 2,400 km (1,500 mi) comprise the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bus Bandwidth 132 Mb/s. Main article: Hawaiian Islands. Operating Performance of 30 MIPS. The state song is Hawai‘i pono‘i, written by King Kalākaua and composed by Henri Berger. Hawaiian Pidgin is an unofficial language. The official languages are Hawaiian and Hawaiian English. The constitution declares the state motto to be Ua mau ke ea o ka aina i ka pono, a pronouncement of King Kamehameha III meaning, "The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness." It was also the motto of the kingdom, republic and territory. The primary symbol is the state flag, Ka Hae Hawai‘i, influenced by the Union Jack and features eight horizontal stripes representing the eight major Hawaiian Islands. Included are the two statues representing Hawai‘i in the United States Capitol. These include a state bird, state fish, state flower, state gem, state mammal and state tree. The state constitution and various other measures of the Hawai‘i State Legislature established official symbols meant to embody the distinctive culture and heritage of Hawai‘i. Hawaii is also the namesake and backdrop of a popular 1959 novel by James Michener and its 1966 movie adaptation. Ethnically, it is the only state that does not have a white majority (and one of only three in which non-Hispanic whites do not form a majority) and has the largest percentage of Asian Americans. Ecologically and agriculturally, it is the endangered species capital of the world and is the only industrial producer of coffee in the nation. As one of two states outside the contiguous United States (the other being Alaska), it is the only one without territory on the mainland of any continent and is the only state that continues to grow due to active lava flows, most notably from Kīlauea. In addition to possessing the southernmost point in the United States, it is the only state that lies completely in the tropics. This state most recently admitted into the Union has many distinctions. Honolulu is the largest city and the state capital. Census had a population of 1,211,537 people. Hawaii constitutes the 50th state of the United States, and as of the 2000 U.S. Hawaii (Hawaiian/Hawaiian English: Hawai‘i, with the ‘okina) is the archipelago of the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean. |