Peter Pan

Also in 2004, Karen Wallace's Wendy hit the stands. A rear spoiler deployed at high speed, preserving the purity of line when the vehicle was at rest. In 2005, the publisher announced plans by Disney to adapt the book as a digitally animated movie, and to publish a sequel to it entitled Peter and the Shadow Thieves and a series of five chapter books titled The Never Land Adventures, the first two of which—Escape from the Carnivale and Cave of the Dark Wind—are planned to be released in Fall 2006. Drag coefficient was down to 0.32. It is an unofficial prequel to the story of Peter and Wendy, set on a ship called Never Land. It was launched as the Carrera 4, the '4' indicating four-wheel-drive, a decision that surprised many but demonstrated the company's commitment to engineering by reminding buyers that race and rally engineering (of the 959) does affect road cars. Hyperion Books (a subsidiary of Disney) published the 2004 book Peter and the Starcatchers by humorist Dave Barry and suspense writer Ridley Pearson. This would be a very important car for Porsche, since the world economy was undergoing recession and the company could not rely on its image alone.

This sequel is set during the Blitz, and deals with the issue of children being forced to grow up too fast. In late 1989 (for the 1990 model year) the 911 underwent a major evolution with the introduction of the Type 964. In 2002, Disney released Return to Neverland, a sequel to the 1953 Disney adaptation, in which Wendy's daughter Jane becomes involved with Peter Pan. Its engine was allowed to rev higher, and the engine developed a little more power. It is set in modern times, and tells of Peter's reaction to a world that has grown to neglect him, and his rescue by three children who teach him that it's OK to grow up. It was stripped of electric windows, electric seats, and radio to save a claimed 50 kg in weight. Somma published After the Rain: A New Adventure for Peter Pan in 2001. The Carrera Club Sport from 1987 (340 produced) is highly collectible.

J.E. Limited editions: The 911 Speedster, a low-roof version of the Cabriolet, evocative of the Porsche 356 Speedster of the 1950s, was produced in limited numbers. Steven Spielberg's 1991 film Hook has a grown-up Peter (played by Robin Williams) lured back to Neverland by Tinker Bell (Julia Roberts) to fight the returned Captain Hook (Dustin Hoffman). This included a hydraulic clutch for those drivers that did not want a leg workout while driving. The series consists of six volumes. In 1987, the Carrera got a new and better five-speed gearbox sourced from Getrag, model number G50. In 1990, French artist Regis Loisel began a series of comic books titled Peter Pan, which constitute a bawdy, violent prequel to Barrie's work, and give Peter Pan's backstory a distinctly Dickensian flavor. Buyers eagerly paid the increased prices.

The series is notable for drawing much of its characterization from the original book and play, particularly Captain Hook and his henchman Smee, so that they are not one-dimensional villains but complex, even ambiguous figures. The non-Turbo models became available as 'Turbo-look', a style that aped the Turbo with wide wheel-arches and the 'whale-tail', but did not reflect any mechanical changes. Curry won an Emmy for his performance. Power was increased, brakes were better, the fuel injection was upgraded to enhance everyday reliability, and the car was more refined. Voice talents in the cast included Jason Marsden as Peter and Tim Curry as Captain Hook. It was called simply '911 Carrera', the first time the sporty label had been applied to the basic 911. In 1990, Fox Studios released the short-lived cartoon series Peter Pan and the Pirates, about the daily adventures of Peter, Wendy, and the Lost Boys. In 1984 a new 3.2-litre car replaced the 3.0-litre SC model.

Takashi Nakamura, chief animator of Akira, did the character design for this project. Still critics and reporters agree, these Type 911’s are some of the finest Porsches ever made. The first 23 episodes are a loose adaptation of Barrie's story, while the latter half of the series introduces a completely original arc with new supporting characters. North Americans would have to wait for the replacement 3.2L 911 Carrera in 1984 before seeing any extra horsepower. In 1989, Nippon Studios released an anime version, Peeta Pan no Bouken, as part of its World Masterpiece Theater series. Those cars (1981-1983 911 SC's) would be massaged to yield 204 bhp @ 5900 rpm from their 2994cc power plants. It has Peter living with a new gang of Lost Boys under the ocean, recruiting children who fall from passing ships as new members. In 1979 Porsche made plans to replace the 911 with the 928, but the 911 still sold so much better than the 928, that Porsche revised it's strategy and inject new life into the Type 911 European editions.

Gilbert Adair's novel Peter Pan and the Only Children was published in 1987. Cabriolet versions of the 911 have been offered ever since. There have been several additions to Peter Pan's story created, both authorised and not. But while the Targa was priced to match the regular car, the cabriolet cost significantly more. Wendy was played by Rachel Hurd-Wood and Hook by Jason Isaacs, who also plays the role of the Darling children's father. To many, this was a much more attractive car than the Targa, the other open-top 911. Hogan's 2003 live-action film version Peter Pan is notable for being the first film to cast a young teenage boy (Jeremy Sumpter) to portray Peter. In late 1982 (débuting as the 1983 model) the first 911 cabriolet went on sale (the first Porsche cabriolet since the 356).

J. Not only was the car a drop top, but it also featured four-wheel drive. P. In 1981 a cabriolet concept car was shown at the Frankfurt motorshow. The 1979 stage version starred Broadway and television actress Sandy Duncan. The top three options for the Type 911, as this car was known, were all part of the new Sport Group Package (UK) which added the now loved and hated whaletail, the front air dam and the black Fuchs wheels. In the film, a visual reference is made to Peter's ties to the Pan of Greek mythology by showing him absentmindedly playing the Pan pipes (also called panflute), which the nature spirit was famous for playing. Yet, the weight of the extra equipment on these cars was blunting performance compared with what would have been expected from earlier, lighter cars with the same power output.

15-year-old film actor Bobby Driscoll supplied the voice of Peter. This engine was a unit fresh from the factory delivering 180 PS (132 kW) that was still capable of substantial extra tuning, compared with the 2.7 which was almost at its limit. On February 5, 1953, Disney released its animated film version of Peter Pan with music by Sammy Cahn, Frank Churchill, Sammy Fain, and Ted Sears. All 911 models standardized on the 2994cc engine for the 1978 model year (introduced in late 1977). The television version survives, as it was put to videotape in 1960. The SC stands for "Super Carrera". The 1954 version was restaged for television by NBC and broadcast in 1955 as a historic, live color television event. For the 964 generation, four-wheel-drive was optional in later models and was standard from the 993 Generation and on, except for the lightweight turbocharged GT2.

The 1954 version became widely known as a vehicle for Mary Martin and later for a series of female gymnasts, including Cathy Rigby. There have been turbocharged variants of each subsequent generation of 911. Several musical versions of the play have been produced, of which the best known are Jerome Kern's 1924 version, Leonard Bernstein's 1950 version, and the 1954 version mounted by Jerome Robbins (originally to have only a few incidental songs with music by Mark Charlap and lyrics by Carolyn Leigh, but evolved into a musical with additional music by Jule Styne and lyrics by the team of Betty Comden and Adolph Green). With the 4-speed gearbox the 930 was capable of exceeding 200 km/h in third gear!. Paramount Pictures released the first film version of Peter Pan in 1924, a silent movie starring Betty Bronson as Peter and Ernest Torrence as Hook. Before, the five-speed gearboxes of the naturally-aspirated cars were not strong enough to cope with the torque of the turbo engines. Following the example of Barrie's original stage version, and for practical reasons (and perhaps tradition), Peter usually - but not always - has been played by an adult woman. Only in its last production year the 930 was equipped with a five-speed gear box.

Peter Pan has been adapted for stage and screen many times. Although these cars could be sold for extraordinary premiums over the standard models, the company's reluctance to invest in research and development of the entire 911 line at that time turned out to be an almost fatal decision not only for the 911, but for the entire company. Wendy's flirtatious (by contemporaneous standards) desire to kiss Peter, his desire for a mother figure, his conflicting feelings for Wendy, Tiger Lily and Tinker Bell (each representing different female archetypes), and the symbolism of his fight with Captain Hook (traditionally played by the same actor as Wendy's father), all could possibly hint at a Freudian interpretation (see Oedipus Complex). As demand for the Turbo soared in the late 1980s, Porsche introduced novelty variants including a slant-nosed, cabriolet version, while not improving the range mechanically. Most of the movie adaptations of Peter Pan add a romantic aspect to the story that is not present in the novel. Private teams continued to compete successfully with the car until well into the 1980s. He forgets anything that is not happy and lighthearted soon after the fact: "I always forget them after I kill them.". The wilder Porsche 935, a more highly tuned car in FIA Group 5 and evolved from the 2.1-litre RSR Turbo of 1974, was campaigned in 1976 by the factory and won Le Mans in 1979.

Peter has one emotion only: gladness, and occasionally he adds to that childish fury. Many participated at Le Mans and other races including some epic battles with the BMW 3.0 CSL 'Batmobile'. Peter Pan remains a child in mind because he cannot feel pain because of death affecting him or those around him. Production figures of the car soon qualified its racing incarnation for FIA Group 4 competition as the Porsche 934, of 1976. Peter and Wendy form a contrast between childhood and maturity. The early cars are known for extreme turbo lag. They have made their decision not to grow up. Starting out with a 3.0-litre engine (260 PS or 191 kW), it rose to 3.3 litres (300 PS or 221 kW) for the 1978 model year.

Darling, along with Peter, are both immature, arrogant, and selfish. The body shape is distinctive thanks to wide wheel-arches to accommodate the wide tyres, and a large rear spoiler often known as a 'whale tail'. Mr. Although called simply Porsche 911 Turbo in Europe, it was marketed as Porsche 930 (930 being its internal type number) in North America. She chooses to grow up, rather than staying in Neverland. In 1975 Porsche introduced the first production turbocharged 911. Wendy is also like her mother. Notably, it achieved little success in racing..

Her own personality is one of a child's, yet it is made up of the positive traits of a child. Throughout its 17 years, despite its capabilities on the road, it never outsold the 911. she has nothing against childish acts, only immature acts. The 928 sold reasonably well, and managed to survive from its introduction in 1977 until 1995. Darling personifies when acting like a child is acceptable. Larger, with a front-mounted V8 engine that was considerably more powerful than the contemporary 911's, the 928 was not only designed to eclipse its performance, it was designed to be a more comfortable car, a sporty grand tourer rather than a focused sports car. Darling represents the negative aspects of being childish, Mrs. Although Porsche was continuing development of the 911, executives were troubled by its declining sales numbers and in 1971 greenlighted work on the Porsche 928.

If Mr. In 1976 the Porsche 924 took this car's place for the 1977 "model year" and beyond. Barrie is making another point: there is nothing wrong with being childish, being egotistical is the problem. In all, 2099 units were produced. Girls have more sense then to be arrogant; they see the significance in growing up and maturity. It used the I-series chassis and the 2.0 Volkswagen engine from the Porsche 914. There is a reason why there are only lost boys and not lost girls. market, was the 912E, a 4-cylinder version of the 911 like the old 912 that had last been produced in 1969.

Barrie is making a point: being egotistical will bring you down, not up. Also produced for the 1976 "model year", for the U.S. He is the leader of the Lost Boys because he is the bravest and the 'smartest.' But whenever anything is brought up that he does not understand he dismisses it and makes it seem inferior. However, the engine did have increased drivability. Peter too is like this. Therefore the 911S's horsepower decreased from 190 to 165 despite the displacement increase from 2.4 to 2.7L. He is constantly fussing over money and respect, yet he never even attempts to hide his immaturity, because he is simply unaware of it. While this system was exceedingly reliable, it did not allow the use of as "hot" cams as MFI or carburators allowed.

Darling is constantly troubling himself with 'adult' matters. This system varied fuel pressure to the injectors dependant on the mass airflow. Mr. In addition with the 1973.5 engines Porsche moved away from MFI to Bosch K-Jetronic CIS. Barrie's tale is intricately tied to the real Davies boys and the deaths of both mother and father. However, the aluminium case weighed 15 lbs more than the magnesium one. Along with the theme of "growing up" is the theme of death and innocence. The move to that engine across the board was welcome for reliability reasons.

It is also sometimes used to positively describe an innocent, childlike approach to life. The 3.0-litre engine of the Turbo and Carrera had not used magnesium, but rather aluminium, thereby showing equal expansion rates to the cylinders. Dan Kiley to describe an adult who is afraid of commitment and/or refuses to act his age. In addition, some engines saw problems whereby the cylinder head studs would pull themselves out of the crankcase. "Peter Pan syndrome" has become a psychiatric term named by Dr. The engines saw problems, particularly in hot climates, where the different rates of thermal expansion between the magnesium of the crankcase and the aluminium of the cylinder heads contributed to major failure. The most apparent thematic thread in the story concerns growing up (or not), with the character of Peter wanting to remain a child forever in order to avoid the responsibilities of adulthood. In effect, the 2.4-litre engine had been enlarged with no additional cooling capacity.

Wendy is related to the Welsh name Gwendolyn, and was used by Barrie at a time when Welsh names were making a resurgence in England. The 2.7 engines proved to be less reliable than the 'bulletproof' 2.4 units. The Peter Pan stories popularized the name, at first in Britain. In 1976 the Carrera model was upgraded to the Turbo's 2992 cc engine, minus the turbocharger, developing 200 PS (147 kW). In fact, the name was already in use in both the United States and Britain, but was extremely rare. The Turbo was introduced in 1975 (see below). Barrie's friend poet William Henley called Barrie "Friend" but Henley's daughter Margaret aged 4 could only pronounce that as "My Fweiendy" or "Fwendy-Wendy". The model line-up was now: 911, 911S and 911 Carrera (the latter now a regular production model).

Barrie is sometimes said to have "invented" the name Wendy with this story. The interior was refreshed too. John's, Newfoundland. The cars looked rather different from the previous year's thanks to bulky new bumpers front and rear, to conform with low-speed impact protection requirements of US law. The statues are in Kensington Gardens in London, in Liverpool, in Brussels, in Camden, New Jersey, in Perth, in Toronto, and in Bowring Park in St. From 1974 a detuned version of the 2687cc engine from the Carrera RS was used in the mainstream production cars. There are seven statues of Peter Pan playing a set of pipes, cast from a mold by sculptor George Frampton, following an original commission by Barrie. The large rear spoiler and the 3.0 turbo engine were to be used again in the production 911 Turbo and the 934 racing car.

Barrie then adapted the play into the 1911 novel Peter and Wendy (but most often now published simply as Peter Pan). The turbo car came second at Le Mans in 1974, a significant event in that its engine would form the basis of many future Porsche assaults on sportscar racing, and can be regarded as the start of its commitment to turbocharging. In 1906, the portion of The Little White Bird which featured Peter Pan was published as the book Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens, with illustrations by Arthur Rackham. The Carrera RSR 3.0 and Carrera RSR Turbo (its 2.1-litre engine due to a 1.4x equivalency formula) were made in tiny numbers for racing. Peter Pan first appeared in print in a 1902 book called The Little White Bird, a fictionalised version of Barrie's relationship with the Llewelyn Davies children, and was then used in a very successful stage play, Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up, which premiered in London on December 27, 1904. The 3.0-litre cars used standard-gauge steel, and thanks to that extra 180 kg the extra 20 PS (15 kW) did not give it a performance advantage. If Margaret Ogilvy drew a measure of comfort from the notion that David, in dying a boy, would remain a boy for ever, Barrie drew inspiration.". A more powerful version, the Carrera RS 3.0, was also made.

Llewelyn-Davies' death from cancer came within a few years of the death of her husband. The cars had success at the Daytona 6 Hours, the Sebring 12 Hours, the Nurburgring 1000 km and the Targa Florio. Mrs. Weight was down to 960 kg. The character's name comes from two sources: Peter Llewelyn-Davies, at the time the youngest of the boys, and Pan, the mischievous Greek god of the woodlands. The cars were available with engines of either 2466cc or 2492cc, producing 270 bhp at 8000 rpm. Barrie created Peter Pan in stories he told to the sons of his friend Sylvia Llewelyn-Davies, with whom he had forged a special relationship, while both were married. For racing at this time, the 911 ST was made in tiny numbers.

Peter remains in the Neverland, and Wendy grows up. With the car's weight only 2314 lb (1050 kg), these are often regarded as the best classic mainstream 911s. In the end, Wendy decides that her place is at home, and brings all the boys back to London. These cars also gained a discreet spoiler under the front bumper to help high-speed stability. Many adventures ensue, including the near-death of the fairy Tinker Bell, and a climactic confrontation with Peter's nemesis, the pirate Captain Hook of the pirate ship the Jolly Roger. 1972 911s are now one of the most desirable early 911s because of this feature. Her brothers John and Michael come along. Unfortunately, this unique design was scrapped after only one year, some say because inattentive gas station attendants were putting gas in the oil tank! The oil tank was moved back to its original position for the 1973 model year, and there is stayed until it was moved back within the wheelbase for the 964 models.

In both the play and the novel, Peter invites the girl Wendy Darling to the Neverland to be a mother for his gang of Lost Boys. To facilitate filling of the oil tank, Porsche installed an oil filler door (much like the fuel filler door on the left front fender) on the right rear quarter panel. Barrie's mythos of Peter Pan that is best known to most readers. This had the effect of moving the weight of almost 9 quarts of oil from outside the wheelbase to inside, improving the handling. M. The biggest thing Porsche did was relocate the oil tank from its position behind the right rear wheel to in front of it. This is the portion of J. In 1972 tremendous effort was made to improve the handling of the 911.

Later renamed to Peter Pan. The Sportomatic transmission was still available, but only as a special order. It is all rather sad.". Some say this was because the dog-leg shift to first was inconvenient for in town driving, other say it was due to Porsche’s desire to put 5th gear outside the main transmission housing where it could easily be changed for different races. The story ends, "I do hope Peter is not too ready with his spade. Derived from the transmission in the Porsche 908 race car, the 915 did away with the 901/911 transmission's 'dog-leg' style first gear arrangement, opting for a traditional H pattern with first gear up to the left, second gear underneath first, etc. Sometimes he is too late, and then he buries them (in twos, so that they should not be lonely) and carves a tombstone for them. With the power and torque increases, the 2.4 L cars also got a newer, stronger transmission, identified by its Porsche type number 915.

Every night, Peter rides around the Gardens, looking for lost children, and if he finds them, he puts them in a fairy house. These cars are commonly referred to as 1973.5 models. It is thus that Peter acquired the goat he rides on in the Gardens. In January, 1973, US 911Ts were switched to the new K-Jetronic CIS (Continuous Fuel Injection) system from Bosch. But she leaves Peter a present a little while later -- an imaginary goat, which she asks the fairies to turn into a real goat. 911T also used MFI, while the RoW (rest-of-the-world) 911T was carbureted, which accounts for the 10 hp (7.5 kW) power difference between the two. Maimie agrees, but then Peter seems to like her fur coat (for a nest) better than her, and she remembers her mother -- and the long and short of it is that she goes back to her family. The U.S.

And in the morning, she meets Peter Pan, who asks her to marry him after a touching scene in which kisses are confused with thimbles, as in the stage play. The 911E and 911S used mechanical fuel injection (MFI) in all markets. Maimie helps precipitate a fairy wedding, and so she finds favor with the fairies, who build her a little house for the night. The new power ratings were 130 hp (97 kW), or 140 hp (104 kW) in the U.S., for the T, 165 hp (123 kW) for the E and 190 hp (142 kW) for the S. Peter spends a very long time as a little boy in the Gardens, playing without ceasing but never knowing that he was doing it all wrong, that is, until he meets a little girl named Maimie, who remains in the Garden after Lock-Out. This is universally known as the "2.4 L" engine, despite its displacement being closer to 2.3 litres — perhaps to emphasize the increase over the 2.2. But Peter is having too much fun to hurry back; and when he finally does fly home, the window is barred and his mother has a new little boy to love. However, all models got a new, larger 2341 cc/142 in³ engine.

But he cannot bring himself to leave behind his boat and the fairies and his fun in the Gardens, and so he flies away, planning to come back later. The 1972-1973 model years consisted of the same models of 911—the entry level T, the midrange E and the top of the line S. So the fairies give him the ability to fly, and off he goes straight to his mother, who he finds is very sad -- and Peter knows why. Despite the lower power output of the 911E (155PS) compared to the 911S (180PS) the 911E was quicker in acceleration up to 100 mph (160kmh). So the fairies grant him a wish of his heart -- and Peter asks to go back to his mother. The 2.2 litre 911E was called "The secret weapon from Zuffenhausen". Peter makes friends with the fairies in the Gardens, and he plays on his pipes for them at their dances and ceremonies. The 912 was discontinued, thanks to the introduction of the Porsche 914 as an entry model.

And from then on, Peter goes to the Gardens at night to play, just as real boys do in the daytime. Power outputs were uprated to 125 (911T), 155 (911E) and 180 PS (911S). So one day, all the thrushes on the island build Peter a huge nest that he can use as a boat. For the 1970 model year the engines of all 911s was increased to 2195 cc. Peter grows up on the island -- that is to say, he spends a very long time on the island-- but he always wishes he could go back to the Kensington Gardens and play as little girls and boys do. A controversial semi-automatic Sportomatic [1] model, composed of a torque converter, an automatic clutch, and the four speed transmission, was added to the product lineup. Perfect faith is to have wings. Fuel injection arrived for the 911S and for a new middle model, 911E.

Peter is quite horrified, and then for a moment he doubts whether he can fly any more, and so he cannot. The overall length of the car did not change: rather, the rear wheels were relocated aft. At the island, he asks the wise old bird Solomon what is wrong -- and Solomon explains that he is now a little boy. In 1968 the B series was introduced: the wheelbase for all 911 and 912 models was increased from 2211 mm to 2268 mm, an effective remedy to the car's nervous handling at the limit. He soon discovered that something was a bit off about him, so he flew to the island in the Serpentine where all the birds-who-become-children are born. This was a lightweight racing version with thin aluminium doors, a magnesium crankcase, twin-spark cylinder heads, and a power output of 210 PS (154 kW). He, having been a bird before he was a boy, believed he was still a bird, and so he flew out the window to the Kensington Gardens. More excitingly, the 911R was produced in tiny numbers (20 in all).

In this story, Peter Pan escapes from being a human at the tender age of seven days. The staple 130 PS (96 kW) model was renamed the 911L. Several sequels, adaptations, and spinoffs have emerged since then, all with slightly modified storylines. The 110 PS (81 kW) 911T was also launched in 1967 and effectively replaced the 912. Barrie wrote three works involving Peter Pan:. (Porsche had, at one point, thought that the NHTSA would outlaw fully open convertibles in the US, an important market for the 911, and introduced the Targa as a 'stop gap' model.) The name 'Targa' came from the Targa Florio road race in Sicily, in which Porsche had notable success: victories in 1956, 1959, 1960, 1963, 1964, 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1970 and 1973. M. The Targa had a removable roof panel, a removable plastic rear window (although this was soon replaced by a fixed glass item) and a stainless steel roll bar.

J. In 1967 the Targa version was introduced. . In motorsport at the same time, installed in the mid-engined Porsche 904 and Porsche 906, the engine was developed to 210 PS (154 kW). The character is a little boy who refuses to grow up, and spends his time having magical adventures. Alloy wheels from Fuchs, in a distinctive 5-leaf design, were offered for the first time. Barrie, and the name of a stage play, a children's book, and various adaptations of them. In 1966 Porsche introduced the more powerful 911S, the engine's power raised to 160 PS (118 kW).

M. It used the 356's 4-cylinder, 1600cc 90 PS (66 kW) engine but wore the 911 bodywork and was in most respects a 911. Peter Pan is a fictional character created by Scottish author J. The Porsche 912, introduced the same year, served as a direct replacement. Peter and Wendy (1911), later retitled Peter Pan, a novel for children based on the play. The 356 came to the end of its life in 1965, but there was still a market for a 4-cylinder car, particularly in the USA. The stage play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Would Not Grow Up (1904). Erwin Komenda, the leader of the Porsche car body construction department, was also involved in the design.

"Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens," which is a segment of his book The Little White Bird (1902). The styling was largely by Ferdinand "Butzi" Porsche, son of the company founder Ferdinand "Ferry" Porsche. It was mated to a five speed manual 'Type 901' transmission. The car had four seats although the rear seats are very small, and the car is usually called a 2+2 rather than a four-seater (the 356 was also a 2+2). Its 130 PS¹ (96 kW) six-cylinder engine, in the 'boxer' configuration like the 356, air-cooled and rear-mounted, displaced 1991cc compared with the 356's four-cylinder 1600cc unit.

It went on sale in 1964. After a legal protest from Peugeot (on the grounds that they owned the trademark to all car names formed by three numbers with a zero in the middle), but before production started, the car had its name changed to 911. The car made its public debut as the 'Porsche 901' (901 being its internal project number) at the 1963 Internationale Automobil-Ausstellung, better known to English speakers as the Frankfurt motor show. The 911 was developed as a more powerful, larger, more comfortable replacement for the Porsche 356, the company's first model, and essentially a sporting evolution of the Volkswagen Beetle.

It is often cited as the most successful competition car ever. Since its inception the 911 has been modified, both by private teams and the factory itself, for racing, rallying and other types of automotive competition. All 911s use six-cylinder boxer engines. Mechanically it is notable for being rear engined and, until the introduction of the all-new Type 996 in 1999, air-cooled.

The famous, distinctive and durable car has undergone continuous development since its introduction in 1964. The Porsche 911 is a sports car made by Porsche AG of Stuttgart, Germany. ISBN 0-9541063-8-5. Herridge & Son.

Raby, P (2005) "Porsche 911 Identification Guide". ISBN 1-901432-16-5. MBI Publishing. Original Porsche 911.

Morgan, P (1995). ISBN 0-75252-072-5. Parragon. Porsche: The Legend.

Wood, J (1997). ISBN 0-7509-2281-8. Sutton Publishing. Porsche 911.

Meredith, L (2000). ISBN 1-85260-590-1. Patrick Stevens Limited. Porsche 911 Story (sixth edition).

Frère, P (1999). 1st, Rallye des Pharaons (959, Saeed Al Hajiri). 2nd, Paris-Dakar Rally (959, Jacky Ickx/Claude Brasseur). 1st, Paris-Dakar Rally (959, Rene Metge/Dominic Lemoyne).

1st, Paris-Dakar Rally (953, Rene Metge/Dominic Lemoyne). 1st, Tour de Corse (911SC/RS, Jean-Luc Therier). 1st, Monte Carlo Rally (911 Carrera RS 3.0, Jean-Pierre Nicolas). 2nd, Safari Rally (911 Carrera RS 3.0, Björn Waldegård).

3rd, 1000 Lakes Rally (911 Carrera RS 3.0, Björn Waldegård). 1st, Monte Carlo Rally (911T, Björn Waldegård). 1st, Monte Carlo Rally (911T, Björn Waldegård). 1st, Swedish Rally (911T Björn Waldegård).

3rd, Monte Carlo Rally (912, Vic Elford). 5th, Monte Carlo Rally (911, Herbert Linge).