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Oldsmobile

The final Oldsmobile Logo, an update of the "Rocket" theme used in various forms since 1948, debuted in the mid-1990s until the final Olds rolled off the line in 2004. Ransom E. Olds

Oldsmobile (or Olds + Mobile) was a brand of automobile founded by Ransom E. Olds, and was produced in the United States from 1897 to 2004. In its 107 years, it produced 35.2 million cars, including at least 14 million built at its Lansing factory. When it was phased out, Oldsmobile was the oldest surviving American automobile marque, and one of the oldest in the world, after Daimler and Peugeot. Two of Oldsmobile's models, mainly trucks, have now been given new life as Buicks, such as the Buick Terraza (formerly the Oldsmobile Silhouette) and the Buick Rainier (formerly the Oldsmobile Bravada).

History

Oldsmobiles were first manufactured by the Olds Motor Vehicle Company in Lansing, Michigan, a company founded by Ransom E. Olds in 1897. In 1901, Olds introduced the Curved Dash Olds which sold 425 cars, becoming the first high-volume car of the day. Olds became, for a few years, the top selling car company in the United States. Ransom Olds left the company in financial difficulties and formed REO Motor Car Company. The last Curved Dash Olds was made in 1907, and in 1908, General Motors purchased the company.

Oldsmobile Advances

After acquisition by General Motors, Oldsmobiles were marketed for their technical sophistication. The list of "firsts" is quite extensive: the first to use chrome (1920), the first to use a mono-block V8 (Viking, 1929) and the first American car with a fully automatic transmission, "Hydramatic" Drive (1940). They were frequently early with other features, such as automatic headlight dimmers, and the 1950's panoramic windshields. Their "Rocket 88" theme hood ornament treatment, was also the reference name for their advanced over-head valve V-8 engines,from 1949 onward. While not the first U.S. built passenger car to use front-wheel drive, Oldsmobile's Toronado was the first of its type to prove successful in the American marketplace.

Oldsmobile introduced the first fully automatic transmission, "Hydromatic" in 1940. Their 1949 Rocket V8 engine was especially notable as the first mass-produced OHV V8.

Model Timeline

Early Models

The 1901-1904 Curved Dash was the first mass-produced car, and was also the first American car to be exported. Oldsmobile set a land speed record of 54.38 mph at Daytona Beach in the 1903 Pirate. The 1903 Model R curved dash was the number one selling car in the United States, selling for $650. Ransom Olds left Oldsmobile in 1904. Oldsmobile advertising pointed out that keeping a horse cost its owner and estimated $108 a year, whereas the owner of an Oldsmobile spent an average of $35 per year in fuel and maintenance.

In 1908, Oldsmobile became the first manufacturer to begin using nickel, rather than brass, trim.

Setting the Pace painted in 1909 by William Hardner Foster depicts the race between an Oldsmobile Limited and the 20th Century Limited

The 1910 Limited Touring was a high point for the company. Riding atop 42” wheels, and equipped with factory “white” tires, the Limited was the prestige model in Oldsmobile’s two-model line-up. The Limited retailed $4,600, an amount greater than the purchase of a new, no frills three bedroom house. For their money, buyers received goat skin upholstery, a 60 hp (45 kW) 707 in³ (11.6 L) straight-6 engine, Bosch Magneto starter, running boards and room for five. Options included a speedometer, clock and a full glass winshield. A limousine version was priced at $5,800. While Olds only sold 725 Limited models in its three years of production, the car is best remembered for winning a race against the famed 20th Century Limited locomotive, an event immortalized in the painting “Setting the Pace” by William Harnden Foster.

1912-1938

In 1912, Oldsmobile began using two-digit model designators, beginning with the Oldsmobile 40 and Oldsmobile 53. The first digit generally signified the body size and the second signified the year throughout the 1920s. The company introduced chrome-plated trim, on the radiator shell of their 1926 model.

In 1929, the marque launched the V-8 powered Viking designed to help bridge the price gap between Oldsmobile and Buick, however the Viking was discontinued in 1930.

1939-1959

In the 1930s through the 1990s, Oldsmobile used a two-digit model designation similar to that used by the European makes today. As originally implemented, the first digit signified the body size while the second represents the number of cylinders. Body sizes were 6, 7, 8, and 9, and 6- and 8-cylinder engines were offered. Thus, Oldsmobile’s were named 66 through 98.

Olds dropped its "66" line before the introduction of its "Rocket" engines, leaving only the "88" and "98". In the 1950s the nomenclature changed again, and trim levels also received names that were then mated with the model numbers. This resulted in the Oldsmobile 88 emerging as base Dynamic 88 the better trimmed Delta 88, and the highline Super 88. Other full-size model names included the "Holiday" used on hardtops, and "Fiesta" used on its station wagon lines. When the "98" was retired in the in the early 1990s, its length of service was the longest of any model name in American passenger car lines.

Olds 1950s Styling

Oldsmobile entered the 1950s following a divisional image campaign centered on its "Rocket" engines, and its cars appearances followed suit in their themes. By the mid 1950s, their styling was among the first to offer a wide, "open maw" intake grill, suggestive of jet propulsion. Oldsmobile adopted a ringed-globe emblem to stress what marketers felt was its universal appeal. Throughout the 1950s, the make used twin jet pod tail lights, again, as a nod to its "Rocket" theme. Oldsmobile was amoungst the first of GM's divisions to receive a true hardtop in 1948, and it was also the among the first divisions (along with Buick and Cadillac) to receive a wrap around windshield - a trend that eventually all American makes would share at sometime between 1953 and 1964.

1957

GM styling as a whole lost its frontrunner status in 1957 when Chrysler introduce Virgil Exner's Forward Look designs. When compared side to side, Oldsmobile looked dated next to its price-point competitor De Soto. Compounding the problem for Olds and Buick was styling mistake which GM called the "Strato Roof". Both makes had models which contained the heavily framed rear window, but Detroit had been working with large curved backlights for almost a decade - consumers disliked the roof and its blind spots forcing GM to rush a redesign into production on some of its models.

1958

Oldsmobile's 1958 styling, in the words of Tom McCahill, automotive writer for Popular Mechanics, looked as if the "car was designed by two separate styling studios" without any idea what the other was working on.

Oldsmobile's only off year in the 1950s was 1958. The nation was beginning to feel the results of its first significant post war recession, and all U.S automobile sales were off for the model year. But GM's senior makes of Oldsmobile, Buick and Cadillac received heavy a handed make-over of the weak 1957 GM designs, instead of something crisp and clean like Chryslers "Forward Look". The Oldsmobile emerged in 1958 bore little resemblance to the clean design of its forerunners; instead the car emerged as large over decorated "Chrome-mobile".

Popular Mechanics automobile writer Tom McCahill liked the cars performance, but felt that the outside appeared to be designed by two separate studios, working without knowing what the other was up to. Up front, all 1958 Oldsmobile’s received one of GM's heavily styled front ends and quad-headlights. Streaking back from the edge of the headlights, was a broad belt of consisting of two strips on regular 88's, three strips Super 88's, and three strips (top and bottom thin, inside thick on 98's)of chrome that ended in a point at mid-body. But the bottom of the rear fender featured a thick stamping of a half tube that pointed forward, atop which was a chrome assembly of four horizontal chrome speed-lines that terminated into a vertical bar. The tail of the car featured massive vertical chrome tail light housings; two chrome stars were fitted to the trunk lid.

Ford styling consultant Alex Tremulis (designer of the 1948 Tucker Sedan) mocked the '58 Olds by drawing cartoons of the car, and placing musical notes in the rear trim assembly. Another Detroit stylist employed by Ford bought a used 1958 Olds in the early sixties, driving it daily to his work at Ford; he had detached and rearranged the OLDSMOBILE lettering above the grille of the car to spell out SLOBMODEL as a reminder to himself and his co-workers of what "bad" auto design meant to their business (see: Lawler).

Notable models produced from 1939 to 1959:

  • Oldsmobile Series 60 Special - 66/68
  • Oldsmobile Series 70 Dynamic Cruiser - 76/78
  • Oldsmobile Series 90 Custom Cruiser - 96/98
  • Oldsmobile 88 (1949-1999) - Oldsmobile's standard car line. Introduced with Oldsmobile's new overhead-valve, high-compression Rocket V8, giving the 88 a reputation for performance.
  • Oldsmobile Super 88 (1951 - 1964} - An upgraded Olds 88 with a more powerful engine and luxurious interior trim.
  • Oldsmobile DeLuxe 88 (1952 - 1953} - Lowest priced Oldsmobile line that replaced the original Olds 88.
  • Oldsmobile 98 (1946-1997) - Oldsmobile's premium standard car line.
  • Oldsmobile Fiesta (1953) - Ultra-luxurious and expensive convertible based on the 98 ragtop and featured distinctive two-tone paint scheme and one of the first automobiles to feature the wrap-around windshield that would appear on all Oldsmobiles (as well as Buicks and Cadillacs in 1954 and most other American cars by 1955. Fiesta nameplate would reappear on Olds station wagons from 1957 to 1964.
  • Oldsmobile F88 (1954) - The XP-20 project. Concept car designed by Harley J. Earl. Four were made but only one survived. The last one, styling order #2265 (which sold for $3 million at the 2005 Barret-Jackson Auto Auction), was snuck out of the Oldsmobile factory in pieces then rebuilt and either sold or given to E. L. Cord. Oldmobile's response to the Chevrolet Corvette; also designed by Harley J. Earl. GM terminated the project as it was a threat to its strong Corvette base.
  • Oldsmobile Golden Rocket 88 (1957) - One-year only nameplate used on Oldsmobile's lowest-priced line previously known as the "88".
  • Oldsmobile Dynamic 88 (1958 - 1966) - Oldsmobile's lowest-priced line of full-sized cars, usually powered by a lower horsepower Rocket V8 engine than its Super 88 and 98 counterparts.

1960s

Cover of one of the promotional brocures produced by Oldsmobile promoting its 1960 model line the 98 four-door Vista Hardtop sedan.

In the 1960s, Oldsmobile's position between Pontiac and Buick in GM's hierarchy began to dissolve. Notable achievements included the introduction of the first turbocharged engine in 1962 (the Turbo Jetfire), the first modern front wheel drive car (the 1966 Toronado), the Vista Cruiser station wagon (noted for its roof glass), and the upscale 442 muscle car. Olds briefly used the names Jetstar 88" (1963-1966) and Delmont 88" (1967-1968) on its least expensive full-size models in the 1960s.


Notable models for the 1960s:

  • Oldsmobile 442 - began as a 1964 muscle car option package (4-barrel carburetor, 4-speed manual transmission, 2 exhausts) on the F-85/Cutlass series. In 1965 to better compete with Pontiac's GTO the original 330 cubic-inch V8 rated at 310 horsepower was replaced by a new 400 cubic-inch V8 rated at 345 horsepower. The 4-4-2 definition was changed to "4" hundred-cubic-inch V8 engine, "4" barrel carburetor, "2" exhaust pipes. In later years the 4-4-2 became its own model series on the Olds intermediate body and got an even larger 455 in³ (7.4 L) V8 engine in 1970.
  • Oldsmobile Cutlass (1961 - 1999) - mid-size car. Oldsmobile's best seller in the 1970s and 1980s, and in some of those years America's best selling car. In 1966, a top-line Cutlass Supreme was introduced as a four-door hardtop sedan with a more powerful 320 horsepower 330 cubic-inch Jetfire Rocket V8 than the regular F-85/Cutlass models, a more luxurious interior and other trimmings. In 1967, the Cutlass Supreme was expanded to a full series also including two-door hardtop and pillared coupes, a convertible and a four-door pillared sedan.
  • Oldsmobile F-85 (1961 - 1972) - compact sedan, coupe and station wagon powered by 215 cubic-inch aluminum block V8 engine from 1961 to 1963. In 1964, the F-85 was upgraded to an intermediate-sized car and the aluminum V8 was replaced by conventional cast-iron six-cylinder and V8 engines. The Cutlass was initially the top model of the F-85 line but became a model in its own right by 1964 with the F-85 nameplate continued only on the lowest-priced models through the 1972 model year after which time all Olds intermediates were Cutlasses.
  • Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser (1964 - 1977) - Stretched wheelbase Cutlass station wagon (to "120" inches from "115" inches) featuring elevated roof over rear seat and cargo area and glass skylights over the rear seat. Three-seat models featured forward facing seating at a time when most three-seat station wagons had third seat facing the rear.
  • Oldsmobile Starfire (1961 - 1966 - Sporty and luxurious hardtop coupe and convertible based on B-Body 88. Featured interiors with leather bucket seats and center console with floor shifter along with a standard Hydra-Matic transmission, power steering and brakes (and power windows and seats on convertibles). Powered by Oldsmobile's most powerful Rocket V8 engine including a 394 cubic inch engine from 1961 to 1964 with 330 to 345 horsepower and a larger 425 cubic-inch Super Rocket V8 for 1965-66 rated at 375 horsepower.
  • Oldsmobile Jetstar I (1964 - 1965) - Sporty hardtop coupe based on the 88/Starfire with a sporty interior featuring Moroceen vinyl bucket seats and console along with the powerful Rocket V8 shared with the Starfire. Offered as lower-priced alternative to the Starfire. Transmission offerings included a column-shift three-speed manual, Hydra-Matic or four-speed manual with floor-mounted Hurst shifter. (Note, between 1963 and 1966, Oldsmobile named its least expensive full-size carline the Oldsmobile Jetstar 88 which was not related to, and priced $500-$600 below the Jetstar I.)
  • Oldsmobile Toronado (1966-1992) - front wheel drive coupe in the personal luxury car category, introduced in 1966; at the time, the largest and most powerful front wheel drive car ever produced - and one of the first modern front-drive cars equipped with an automatic transmission. The original Toronado was powered by a 425 cubic-inch Super Rocket V8 engine rated at 385 horsepower mated to a three-speed Turbo Hydra-Matic transmission. The Toronado was Motor Trend magazine's 1966 "Car of the Year."

1970s-1980s

1990 Oldsmobile Toronado Trofeo

Oldsmobile sales soared in the 1970s and 1980s, with the Cutlass and Cutlass Supreme becoming the best-selling vehicles in the United States. Less impressive was the company's widely-used but problem-prone LF7 and LF9 Diesel V8s. In 1984 in fact, it was claimed that Oldsmobile was making more vehicles per year than the Ford Motor Company.

Notable models:

  • Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme (1970-1997) - more performance and luxury than the lower priced Cutlass and Cutlass S models, fitting in at the bottom of the personal luxury car market. Rooflines of coupe models generally shared with the higher-priced Pontiac Grand Prix and Chevrolet Monte Carlo.
  • Oldsmobile Omega (1973 - 1984) - Compact car based on the Chevrolet Nova/Citation X-body.
  • Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera (1982 - 1996) - Mid-Sized car, based on the Omega.
  • Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser (1971-1992) - full-sized station wagon.
  • Oldsmobile Starfire (1975-1980) - sporty compact car similar to the Chevrolet Monza, which was itself a spinoff of the Chevy Vega.
  • Oldsmobile Firenza (1982-1988) - compact sedan, hatchback, coupe, and station wagon based on GM's J-car design sharing same bodyshell with Chevrolet Cavalier, Pontiac Sunbird, Buick Skyhawk and Cadillac Cimarron.

1990s

1995 Oldsmobile Aurora

By the 1990s, Oldsmobile had lost its place in the marketplace. The performance cars Oldsmobile had been known for gave way to rebadged models of other GM cars, as GM had shifted the performance mantle to Chevrolet and Pontiac. GM tried to use Oldsmobile to showcase futuristic designs and as a "guinea pig" for testing new technology, with Oldsmobile offering the Toronado Trofeo, which included a visual instrument system with a calendar, datebook, and climate controls. Later on, Oldsmobile introduced the Aurora which would be the inspiration for the design of all Oldsmobile from the mid-1990s onward. However, by this time, GM shifted Oldsmobile from a technology "guinea pig" to a manufacturer that filled the slot between Chevrolet and Buick. Oldsmobile also received a new logo and by 1997, all of the early-1990s models were gone (except for the Aurora, Bravada, and the Silhouette, which was redesigned that year) and new models were introduced with rounded designs, inspired by the Aurora. Even though the new (and final) Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme sold very well as did the Alero, but there was just not enough to salvage the slowly dying brand, and GM announced the brand's demise in 2000.

Notable models, 1970-1989:

  • Oldsmobile Achieva (1992-1997) - compact sedan & coupe
  • Oldsmobile Alero (1999-2004) - compact sedan & coupe
  • Oldsmobile Aurora (1995-2003) - luxury sedan
  • Oldsmobile Bravada (1991-2004) - SUV
  • Oldsmobile Cutlass (1997-1999) - midsize sedan
  • Oldsmobile Intrigue (1998-2002) - midsize sedan
  • Oldsmobile Silhouette (1990-2004) - minivan

The end

2002 Oldsmobile Alero. 2004 Oldsmobile Bravada


In December 2000, General Motors announced they would be phasing out the Oldsmobile brand, which had become the oldest surviving American automobile brand. The 2004 model year was to be Oldsmobile's last, with the last new Oldsmobile model being the GMT360-derived Bravada introduced in 2002.

The actual phaseout of Oldsmobile models was conducted on the following schedule:

  • Late 2001: The 2002 Bravada becomes the company's last

new model

  • June 2002: production ends for Intrigue and the Aurora V6 sedans
  • May 2003: Aurora V8 sedan
  • January 2004: Bravada SUV replaced by the Buick Rainier
  • March 2004: Silhouette minivan
  • April 2004: Alero compact car

The final production day was April 29, 2004, when the last Alero was built in Lansing, where Ransom E. Olds first began his company. The last 500 Aleros manufactured were painted a metallic cherry red and carried special "Final 500" markings. The last of these cars went to the R.E. Olds Transportation Museum.

Oldsmobile models

1994 Oldsmobile Eighty-Eight Royalé 2000 Oldsmobile Bravada 2000 Oldsmobile Silhouette
  • Oldsmobile Curved Dash
  • Oldsmobile Limited Touring
  • Oldsmobile 40
  • Oldsmobile 53
  • Oldsmobile 66
  • Oldsmobile 88
  • Oldsmobile 98
  • Oldsmobile Series 60
  • Oldsmobile Series 70
  • Oldsmobile Series 90
  • Oldsmobile 442 (1968 - 1971)
  • Oldsmobile Cutlass
  • Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme
  • Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais
  • Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera (1982 - 1996)
  • Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser (1971 - 1992)
  • Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser
  • Oldsmobile F-85
  • Oldsmobile Toronado (1966 - 1992)
  • Oldsmobile Starfire (1975 - 1980)
  • Oldsmobile Firenza (1982 - 1988)
  • Oldsmobile Achieva (1992 - 1998)
  • Oldsmobile Alero (1999 - 2004)
  • Oldsmobile Aurora (1995 - 2003)
  • Oldsmobile Bravada (1991 - 2004)
  • Oldsmobile Intrigue (1998 - 2002)
  • Oldsmobile Silhouette (1990 - 2004)

Oldsmobile in popular culture

In My Merry Oldsmobile songbook featuring an Oldsmobile Curved Dash automobile

The Oldsmobile is notable for having inspired several popular songs:

  • "In My Merry Oldsmobile", a 1905 song with music by Gus Edwards and lyrics by Vincent P. Bryan; the song enjoyed a second round of popularity in the 1920s.
  • "Rocket 88", a 1951 song by Ike Turner said by many to be the first rock and roll record.
  • "You're Gonna Get Yours" from Public Enemy's 1987 debut album Yo! Bum Rush The Show, an ode to the Ninety-Eight.

Oldsmobile cars can also been seen in several popular movies:

  • Any Which Way You Can (1980) - When Clint Eastwood arrives in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, for the big fight, his opponent and friend William Smith is driving a beautiful brand new, red 1980 Olds 98 Regency sedan which is featured prominently in the end of the film.
  • The Hunt for Red October (1990) - Alec Baldwin can be seen getting out of a dark-colored early eighties Olds 98 Regency just before he enters the White House briefing.
  • The Dark Half (1993) - The villain, Stark (played by Timothy Hutton), is seen driving a sinister loooking jet-black '66 Toronado.
  • Get Shorty (1995) - John Travolta's character is incredulous at being given an Oldsmobile Silhouette minivan for a rental instead of his requested Cadillac, to which the rental clerk responds, "You got the Cadillac of minivans," a line oft-repeated outside of the movie.
  • Fargo (1996) - late 1980s Oldsmobile cars including the Cutlass Ciera and Ninety-Eight Touring Sedan were featured, as William H. Macy's character was an Oldsmobile salesman.
  • The X-Files (1998) - an Oldsmobile Intrigue was heavily used by the characters as part of a promotional tie-in between General Motors and the movie's producers.
  • Kingpin (1996) - Roy Munson's car is a Cutlass convertable that he received new when he left home, but after several years pass, the car is in very questionable shape.
  • The Matrix Reloaded (2003) - many Oldsmobiles are used as cameo vehicles, especially during the famous highway chase scene. Even though the characters never drive an Oldsmobile in the film, there was interaction between Oldsmobiles in the scene. There is one part when Agent Smith jumps on top of the front of an Aurora, completely destroying the front end and causing the car to do a front flip and land on its roof. Another scene involves the Twins gunning down an Intrigue and shoving it into the divider wall, causing it to do a barrel roll and land on its roof.
  • Sam Raimi, the film director, tends to feature a 1973 yellow Oldsmobile Delta 88 automobile as a cameo in many of his films.

Marketing Themes

Early on in their history, Olds enjoyed a healthy public relations boost from the 1905 hit song " In My Merry Oldsmobile". The well known, song was updated in the fifties to sing about "The Rocket 88".

The strong public relations efforts by GM in the 1950s was epitomized in the GM Motorama auto show. The impact of that traveling show, was literally a "one company", auto-show extravaganza. Millions of Americans attended, in a spirt, not unlike a mini-world's fair. Every GM division had a "Dream Car". Olds' dream/concept car was called "The Starfire".

While Oldsmobile had long promoted its "Rocket" engines heavily, GM's cost containment program of engine sharing emerged in 1977 on its "down-sized" full sized vehicles. Consumers buying an Oldsmobile soon found out that their Olds was powered by a Chevrolet built engine. Some discovered this when they attempted to change the engines air filter and discovered that the standard 1977 Olds filter replacement wouldn't fit in the air clearer. Other discovered either from their mechanics or from GM which sent notices to owners explaining the situation and assuring them that a GM built engine was GM built engine, regardless of what division built it. Ohio Attorney General Anthony Celebreeze was the first State Attorney General to reach a settlement with GM, which resulted in claimant owners each receiving a small portion of the multimillion dollar settlement.

In the 1970s, the mid-sized Oldsmobile Cutlass was the division's best selling model, and for several years in the late 1970s and early 1980s, it was the best-selling car in America. But the sales of the Cutlass and other Olds models fell beginning in the 1990s. The brand was hurt by its image as old and stuffy and this public perception continued despite a public relations campaign in the late 1980s that this was "not your father's Oldsmobile."



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. It should also be noted that in this sequel, no actual Native Americans are actually seen, only alluded to in a scene where flying over Neverland, Jane sees a tee-pee with smoke rising out of it. The brand was hurt by its image as old and stuffy and this public perception continued despite a public relations campaign in the late 1980s that this was "not your father's Oldsmobile.". The Disney sequel, Return to Neverland, features a heroine (Wendy's daughter Jane) who, rather than being a passive "damsel in distress", is fully capable of defending herself (and saving Peter from the clutches of Captain Hook). But the sales of the Cutlass and other Olds models fell beginning in the 1990s. Hogan has been noted for going to the opposite extreme; several reviewers have criticized it for being excessively politically correct. In the 1970s, the mid-sized Oldsmobile Cutlass was the division's best selling model, and for several years in the late 1970s and early 1980s, it was the best-selling car in America. J.

Ohio Attorney General Anthony Celebreeze was the first State Attorney General to reach a settlement with GM, which resulted in claimant owners each receiving a small portion of the multimillion dollar settlement. The 2003 film version directed by P. Other discovered either from their mechanics or from GM which sent notices to owners explaining the situation and assuring them that a GM built engine was GM built engine, regardless of what division built it. Many authors of recent adaptations of Peter Pan (as well as virtually all of the modern "sequels") have chosen to soften (or eliminate altogether) the harsh portrayal of Native Americans. Some discovered this when they attempted to change the engines air filter and discovered that the standard 1977 Olds filter replacement wouldn't fit in the air clearer. Until the 2002 release of the DVD version of this film (which included all of the allegedly offensive content, uncensored), it was widely speculated that Disney's Peter Pan would meet the same fate as the film version of Song of the South, which has heretofore been withheld (by Disney) from the United States market on the grounds that it is racist. Consumers buying an Oldsmobile soon found out that their Olds was powered by a Chevrolet built engine. The film contains a song often criticized as offensive, namely What Makes The Red Man Red?, a catalog of Native American stereotypes.

While Oldsmobile had long promoted its "Rocket" engines heavily, GM's cost containment program of engine sharing emerged in 1977 on its "down-sized" full sized vehicles. This criticism is also levelled against several more recent adaptations of the story; most notably the 1953 Disney film. Olds' dream/concept car was called "The Starfire". Barrie's treatment of female characters has also been criticized by modern readers--most of the female characters in Peter and Wendy (Wendy, Tinker Bell, Tiger Lily, and the mermaids) fawn after Peter Pan (and Tinker Bell makes several attempts on Wendy's life out of jealousy), yet Peter ignores all of their affections. Every GM division had a "Dream Car". The former charge primarily concerns the portrayal of Native Americans in Peter and Wendy--the portrayal is highly stereotypical, with Native Americans being shown as warlike primitives who speak in guttural tones. Millions of Americans attended, in a spirt, not unlike a mini-world's fair. Specifically, the books have been accused of both racism and sexism.

The impact of that traveling show, was literally a "one company", auto-show extravaganza. Like many other works of fiction from the era (such as the works of Rudyard Kipling and Mark Twain), the Peter Pan canon contains much material which is likely to be construed as offensive to modern audiences. The strong public relations efforts by GM in the 1950s was epitomized in the GM Motorama auto show. The original versions of Peter Pan are in the public domain in Australia and in Canada (where Somma's book was first published without incident). The well known, song was updated in the fifties to sing about "The Rocket 88". [2]. Early on in their history, Olds enjoyed a healthy public relations boost from the 1905 hit song " In My Merry Oldsmobile". Their confidential settlement does not set any legal precedent, however.

Oldsmobile cars can also been seen in several popular movies:. intellectual property rights". The Oldsmobile is notable for having inspired several popular songs:. GOSH and Somma issued a joint statement which characterized her novel as "fair use" of the hospital's "U.S. Olds Transportation Museum. publication of her sequel After the Rain, was settled out of court in March 2005. The last of these cars went to the R.E. Somma over the U.S.

The last 500 Aleros manufactured were painted a metallic cherry red and carried special "Final 500" markings. A dispute between the hospital and writer J.E. Olds first began his company. The Library of Congress catalog states that the original edition of Peter and Wendy was published in 1911, and Disney asserts that that material, like any other work published before 1923, was already in the public domain at the time of these extensions, and was therefore ineligible to be extended. The final production day was April 29, 2004, when the last Alero was built in Lansing, where Ransom E. GOSH's claim is contested by various parties, including Disney, who had cooperated with the hospital previously, but in 2004 published Dave Barry's and Ridley Pearson's Peter and the Starcatchers without permission or royalty payments. new model. By then, the character of Peter Pan had appeared in three previously published books, the copyrights of which have since expired.

The actual phaseout of Oldsmobile models was conducted on the following schedule:. Their claim is based on the copyright for the play script for Peter Pan, which was not published until 1928. The 2004 model year was to be Oldsmobile's last, with the last new Oldsmobile model being the GMT360-derived Bravada introduced in 2002. legislation effective in 1978 and again in 1998 extended their copyright until 2023.
In December 2000, General Motors announced they would be phasing out the Oldsmobile brand, which had become the oldest surviving American automobile brand. Great Ormond Street Hospital claims that U.S. Notable models, 1970-1989:. copyright terms from a fixed number of years following publication, to an extending number of years following the creator's death, has introduced confusion over Peter Pan's copyright status.

Even though the new (and final) Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme sold very well as did the Alero, but there was just not enough to salvage the slowly dying brand, and GM announced the brand's demise in 2000. The conversion of U.S. Oldsmobile also received a new logo and by 1997, all of the early-1990s models were gone (except for the Aurora, Bravada, and the Silhouette, which was redesigned that year) and new models were introduced with rounded designs, inspired by the Aurora. ([1]). However, by this time, GM shifted Oldsmobile from a technology "guinea pig" to a manufacturer that filled the slot between Chevrolet and Buick. The provisions of Schedule 6 have effect for conferring on trustees for the benefit of the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, London, a right to a royalty in respect of the public performance, commercial publication, broadcasting or inclusion in a cable programme service of the play 'Peter Pan' by Sir James Matthew Barrie, or of any adaptation of that work, notwithstanding that copyright in the work expired on 31 December 1987. Later on, Oldsmobile introduced the Aurora which would be the inspiration for the design of all Oldsmobile from the mid-1990s onward. 301.

GM tried to use Oldsmobile to showcase futuristic designs and as a "guinea pig" for testing new technology, with Oldsmobile offering the Toronado Trofeo, which included a visual instrument system with a calendar, datebook, and climate controls. The exact phrasing is in section 301 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988:. The performance cars Oldsmobile had been known for gave way to rebadged models of other GM cars, as GM had shifted the performance mantle to Chevrolet and Pontiac. Nor does it cover the Peter Pan sections of The Little White Bird, which pre-dates the play. By the 1990s, Oldsmobile had lost its place in the marketplace. This is not a true perpetual copyright, however, as it does not grant the hospital creative control nor the right to refuse permission. Notable models:. Additionally, in 1988 the government had enacted a perpetual extension of some of the rights to the work, entitling the hospital to royalties for any performance or publication of the work.

In 1984 in fact, it was claimed that Oldsmobile was making more vehicles per year than the Ford Motor Company. copyright for Peter Pan originally expired at the end of 1987 (50 years after Barrie's death), but was reestablished through 2007 by the European Union directive. Less impressive was the company's widely-used but problem-prone LF7 and LF9 Diesel V8s. The U.K. Oldsmobile sales soared in the 1970s and 1980s, with the Cutlass and Cutlass Supreme becoming the best-selling vehicles in the United States. Although Peter Pan was considered public domain in some jurisdictions at that time, this provision placed it back under copyright protection.
Notable models for the 1960s:. In the 1990s, the term of copyrights was standardised throughout the EU (see Directive on harmonising the term of copyright protection) to extend 70 years after the creator's death.

Olds briefly used the names Jetstar 88" (1963-1966) and Delmont 88" (1967-1968) on its least expensive full-size models in the 1960s. Great Ormond Street Hospital (to which Barrie assigned the copyright as a gift before his death) claims full copyright in the European Union until the end of 2007. Notable achievements included the introduction of the first turbocharged engine in 1962 (the Turbo Jetfire), the first modern front wheel drive car (the 1966 Toronado), the Vista Cruiser station wagon (noted for its roof glass), and the upscale 442 muscle car. introduced in the 1953 animated film, but not for the characters themselves. In the 1960s, Oldsmobile's position between Pontiac and Buick in GM's hierarchy began to dissolve. For example, Disney holds the copyright for the character designs, songs, etc. Notable models produced from 1939 to 1959:. For example, elements introduced in the earliest versions of the story by Barrie may be in public domain in a given jurisdiction, but elements introduced in later editions or adaptations might not.

Another Detroit stylist employed by Ford bought a used 1958 Olds in the early sixties, driving it daily to his work at Ford; he had detached and rearranged the OLDSMOBILE lettering above the grille of the car to spell out SLOBMODEL as a reminder to himself and his co-workers of what "bad" auto design meant to their business (see: Lawler). The question is complicated somewhat by the various versions in which the story has been published. Ford styling consultant Alex Tremulis (designer of the 1948 Tucker Sedan) mocked the '58 Olds by drawing cartoons of the car, and placing musical notes in the rear trim assembly. The copyright status of Peter Pan varies from one jurisdiction to another, and is disputed in at least one of them. The tail of the car featured massive vertical chrome tail light housings; two chrome stars were fitted to the trunk lid. The Disney version of Peter Pan also appeared in the 2002 video game Kingdom Hearts. But the bottom of the rear fender featured a thick stamping of a half tube that pointed forward, atop which was a chrome assembly of four horizontal chrome speed-lines that terminated into a vertical bar. It was based on the 1998 play The Man Who Was Peter Pan by Allan Knee.

Streaking back from the edge of the headlights, was a broad belt of consisting of two strips on regular 88's, three strips Super 88's, and three strips (top and bottom thin, inside thick on 98's)of chrome that ended in a point at mid-body. Finding Neverland, a 2004 film starring Johnny Depp as Barrie and Kate Winslet as Sylvia Llewelyn Davies, was a somewhat fictionalized account of their relationship and how it led to the development of Peter Pan. Up front, all 1958 Oldsmobile’s received one of GM's heavily styled front ends and quad-headlights. Skillet's name was presumably based on "pan" as a cooking utensil. Popular Mechanics automobile writer Tom McCahill liked the cars performance, but felt that the outside appeared to be designed by two separate studios, working without knowing what the other was up to. However, he was a villian, and sent his shadow out to absorb the youth of other people. The Oldsmobile emerged in 1958 bore little resemblance to the clean design of its forerunners; instead the car emerged as large over decorated "Chrome-mobile". The 1990s animated series The Mask included a character named "Skillet", who didn't age, dressed in green, could fly, and had a detatchable shadow.

But GM's senior makes of Oldsmobile, Buick and Cadillac received heavy a handed make-over of the weak 1957 GM designs, instead of something crisp and clean like Chryslers "Forward Look". The 1997 comic book mini-series The Lost by Marc Andreyko and Jay Geldhof starred a vampiric boy hustler named Peter who leads a small group of vampire boys, and lures a girl named Wendy to join them. The nation was beginning to feel the results of its first significant post war recession, and all U.S automobile sales were off for the model year. The 1987 Joel Schumacher film The Lost Boys featured several teen actors as ageless vampires, loosely styled after the lost boys of Peter Pan. Oldsmobile's only off year in the 1950s was 1958. In 1980, Petula Clark starred in Never Never Land as a woman whose niece, captivated by Barrie's tale, runs away and takes refuge with a group of "lost boys" squatting in a deserted London townhouse. Both makes had models which contained the heavily framed rear window, but Detroit had been working with large curved backlights for almost a decade - consumers disliked the roof and its blind spots forcing GM to rush a redesign into production on some of its models. Kate Bush's 1978 album Lionheart includes the song "In Search of Peter Pan".

Compounding the problem for Olds and Buick was styling mistake which GM called the "Strato Roof". Her book has the provisional title Captain Pan. When compared side to side, Oldsmobile looked dated next to its price-point competitor De Soto. Also in 2005, Great Ormond Street Hospital announced that Geraldine McCaughrean had been chosen to write a hospital-authorised sequel to Barrie's novel. GM styling as a whole lost its frontrunner status in 1957 when Chrysler introduce Virgil Exner's Forward Look designs. The book portrays the villainous youth in a sympathetic light. Oldsmobile was amoungst the first of GM's divisions to receive a true hardtop in 1948, and it was also the among the first divisions (along with Buick and Cadillac) to receive a wrap around windshield - a trend that eventually all American makes would share at sometime between 1953 and 1964. The book details the history of 15-year old James Matthew, young Oppidian Scholar and future Captain Hook.

Throughout the 1950s, the make used twin jet pod tail lights, again, as a nod to its "Rocket" theme. Hook by arrangement with Great Ormond Street Hospital. Oldsmobile adopted a ringed-globe emblem to stress what marketers felt was its universal appeal. Hart published the book Capt. By the mid 1950s, their styling was among the first to offer a wide, "open maw" intake grill, suggestive of jet propulsion. In 2005, James V. Oldsmobile entered the 1950s following a divisional image campaign centered on its "Rocket" engines, and its cars appearances followed suit in their themes. Supposedly a prequel to the events in Peter Pan, it is an attempt to justify the Darling children's willingness to fly away with Peter on the grounds that their home life, up to shortly before Peter appeared, had been filled with abuse and tragedy: a cruel nanny, a criminally irresponsible father, a suggestion of insanity in the family.

When the "98" was retired in the in the early 1990s, its length of service was the longest of any model name in American passenger car lines. Also in 2004, Karen Wallace's Wendy hit the stands. Other full-size model names included the "Holiday" used on hardtops, and "Fiesta" used on its station wagon lines. In 2005, the publisher announced plans by Disney to adapt the book as a digitally animated movie, and to publish a sequel to it entitled Peter and the Shadow Thieves and a series of five chapter books titled The Never Land Adventures, the first two of which—Escape from the Carnivale and Cave of the Dark Wind—are planned to be released in Fall 2006. This resulted in the Oldsmobile 88 emerging as base Dynamic 88 the better trimmed Delta 88, and the highline Super 88. It is an unofficial prequel to the story of Peter and Wendy, set on a ship called Never Land. In the 1950s the nomenclature changed again, and trim levels also received names that were then mated with the model numbers. Hyperion Books (a subsidiary of Disney) published the 2004 book Peter and the Starcatchers by humorist Dave Barry and suspense writer Ridley Pearson.

Olds dropped its "66" line before the introduction of its "Rocket" engines, leaving only the "88" and "98". This sequel is set during the Blitz, and deals with the issue of children being forced to grow up too fast. Thus, Oldsmobile’s were named 66 through 98. In 2002, Disney released Return to Neverland, a sequel to the 1953 Disney adaptation, in which Wendy's daughter Jane becomes involved with Peter Pan. Body sizes were 6, 7, 8, and 9, and 6- and 8-cylinder engines were offered. It is set in modern times, and tells of Peter's reaction to a world that has grown to neglect him, and his rescue by three children who teach him that it's OK to grow up. As originally implemented, the first digit signified the body size while the second represents the number of cylinders. Somma published After the Rain: A New Adventure for Peter Pan in 2001.

In the 1930s through the 1990s, Oldsmobile used a two-digit model designation similar to that used by the European makes today. J.E. In 1929, the marque launched the V-8 powered Viking designed to help bridge the price gap between Oldsmobile and Buick, however the Viking was discontinued in 1930. Steven Spielberg's 1991 film Hook has a grown-up Peter (played by Robin Williams) lured back to Neverland by Tinker Bell (Julia Roberts) to fight the returned Captain Hook (Dustin Hoffman). The company introduced chrome-plated trim, on the radiator shell of their 1926 model. The series consists of six volumes. The first digit generally signified the body size and the second signified the year throughout the 1920s. In 1990, French artist Regis Loisel began a series of comic books titled Peter Pan, which constitute a bawdy, violent prequel to Barrie's work, and give Peter Pan's backstory a distinctly Dickensian flavor.

In 1912, Oldsmobile began using two-digit model designators, beginning with the Oldsmobile 40 and Oldsmobile 53. The series is notable for drawing much of its characterization from the original book and play, particularly Captain Hook and his henchman Smee, so that they are not one-dimensional villains but complex, even ambiguous figures. While Olds only sold 725 Limited models in its three years of production, the car is best remembered for winning a race against the famed 20th Century Limited locomotive, an event immortalized in the painting “Setting the Pace” by William Harnden Foster. Curry won an Emmy for his performance. A limousine version was priced at $5,800. Voice talents in the cast included Jason Marsden as Peter and Tim Curry as Captain Hook. Options included a speedometer, clock and a full glass winshield. In 1990, Fox Studios released the short-lived cartoon series Peter Pan and the Pirates, about the daily adventures of Peter, Wendy, and the Lost Boys.

For their money, buyers received goat skin upholstery, a 60 hp (45 kW) 707 in³ (11.6 L) straight-6 engine, Bosch Magneto starter, running boards and room for five. Takashi Nakamura, chief animator of Akira, did the character design for this project. The Limited retailed $4,600, an amount greater than the purchase of a new, no frills three bedroom house. The first 23 episodes are a loose adaptation of Barrie's story, while the latter half of the series introduces a completely original arc with new supporting characters. Riding atop 42” wheels, and equipped with factory “white” tires, the Limited was the prestige model in Oldsmobile’s two-model line-up. In 1989, Nippon Studios released an anime version, Peeta Pan no Bouken, as part of its World Masterpiece Theater series. The 1910 Limited Touring was a high point for the company. It has Peter living with a new gang of Lost Boys under the ocean, recruiting children who fall from passing ships as new members.

In 1908, Oldsmobile became the first manufacturer to begin using nickel, rather than brass, trim. Gilbert Adair's novel Peter Pan and the Only Children was published in 1987. Oldsmobile advertising pointed out that keeping a horse cost its owner and estimated $108 a year, whereas the owner of an Oldsmobile spent an average of $35 per year in fuel and maintenance. There have been several additions to Peter Pan's story created, both authorised and not. Ransom Olds left Oldsmobile in 1904. Wendy was played by Rachel Hurd-Wood and Hook by Jason Isaacs, who also plays the role of the Darling children's father. The 1903 Model R curved dash was the number one selling car in the United States, selling for $650. Hogan's 2003 live-action film version Peter Pan is notable for being the first film to cast a young teenage boy (Jeremy Sumpter) to portray Peter.

Oldsmobile set a land speed record of 54.38 mph at Daytona Beach in the 1903 Pirate. J. The 1901-1904 Curved Dash was the first mass-produced car, and was also the first American car to be exported. P. Their 1949 Rocket V8 engine was especially notable as the first mass-produced OHV V8. The 1979 stage version starred Broadway and television actress Sandy Duncan. Oldsmobile introduced the first fully automatic transmission, "Hydromatic" in 1940. In the film, a visual reference is made to Peter's ties to the Pan of Greek mythology by showing him absentmindedly playing the Pan pipes (also called panflute), which the nature spirit was famous for playing.

built passenger car to use front-wheel drive, Oldsmobile's Toronado was the first of its type to prove successful in the American marketplace. 15-year-old film actor Bobby Driscoll supplied the voice of Peter. While not the first U.S. On February 5, 1953, Disney released its animated film version of Peter Pan with music by Sammy Cahn, Frank Churchill, Sammy Fain, and Ted Sears. Their "Rocket 88" theme hood ornament treatment, was also the reference name for their advanced over-head valve V-8 engines,from 1949 onward. The television version survives, as it was put to videotape in 1960. They were frequently early with other features, such as automatic headlight dimmers, and the 1950's panoramic windshields. The 1954 version was restaged for television by NBC and broadcast in 1955 as a historic, live color television event.

The list of "firsts" is quite extensive: the first to use chrome (1920), the first to use a mono-block V8 (Viking, 1929) and the first American car with a fully automatic transmission, "Hydramatic" Drive (1940). The 1954 version became widely known as a vehicle for Mary Martin and later for a series of female gymnasts, including Cathy Rigby. After acquisition by General Motors, Oldsmobiles were marketed for their technical sophistication. Several musical versions of the play have been produced, of which the best known are Jerome Kern's 1924 version, Leonard Bernstein's 1950 version, and the 1954 version mounted by Jerome Robbins (originally to have only a few incidental songs with music by Mark Charlap and lyrics by Carolyn Leigh, but evolved into a musical with additional music by Jule Styne and lyrics by the team of Betty Comden and Adolph Green). The last Curved Dash Olds was made in 1907, and in 1908, General Motors purchased the company. Paramount Pictures released the first film version of Peter Pan in 1924, a silent movie starring Betty Bronson as Peter and Ernest Torrence as Hook. Ransom Olds left the company in financial difficulties and formed REO Motor Car Company. Following the example of Barrie's original stage version, and for practical reasons (and perhaps tradition), Peter usually - but not always - has been played by an adult woman.

Olds became, for a few years, the top selling car company in the United States. Peter Pan has been adapted for stage and screen many times. In 1901, Olds introduced the Curved Dash Olds which sold 425 cars, becoming the first high-volume car of the day. Wendy's flirtatious (by contemporaneous standards) desire to kiss Peter, his desire for a mother figure, his conflicting feelings for Wendy, Tiger Lily and Tinker Bell (each representing different female archetypes), and the symbolism of his fight with Captain Hook (traditionally played by the same actor as Wendy's father), all could possibly hint at a Freudian interpretation (see Oedipus Complex). Olds in 1897. Most of the movie adaptations of Peter Pan add a romantic aspect to the story that is not present in the novel. Oldsmobiles were first manufactured by the Olds Motor Vehicle Company in Lansing, Michigan, a company founded by Ransom E. He forgets anything that is not happy and lighthearted soon after the fact: "I always forget them after I kill them.".

. Peter has one emotion only: gladness, and occasionally he adds to that childish fury. Two of Oldsmobile's models, mainly trucks, have now been given new life as Buicks, such as the Buick Terraza (formerly the Oldsmobile Silhouette) and the Buick Rainier (formerly the Oldsmobile Bravada). Peter Pan remains a child in mind because he cannot feel pain because of death affecting him or those around him. When it was phased out, Oldsmobile was the oldest surviving American automobile marque, and one of the oldest in the world, after Daimler and Peugeot. Peter and Wendy form a contrast between childhood and maturity. In its 107 years, it produced 35.2 million cars, including at least 14 million built at its Lansing factory. They have made their decision not to grow up.

Olds, and was produced in the United States from 1897 to 2004. Darling, along with Peter, are both immature, arrogant, and selfish. Oldsmobile (or Olds + Mobile) was a brand of automobile founded by Ransom E. Mr. Sam Raimi, the film director, tends to feature a 1973 yellow Oldsmobile Delta 88 automobile as a cameo in many of his films. She chooses to grow up, rather than staying in Neverland. Another scene involves the Twins gunning down an Intrigue and shoving it into the divider wall, causing it to do a barrel roll and land on its roof. Wendy is also like her mother.

There is one part when Agent Smith jumps on top of the front of an Aurora, completely destroying the front end and causing the car to do a front flip and land on its roof. Her own personality is one of a child's, yet it is made up of the positive traits of a child. Even though the characters never drive an Oldsmobile in the film, there was interaction between Oldsmobiles in the scene. she has nothing against childish acts, only immature acts. The Matrix Reloaded (2003) - many Oldsmobiles are used as cameo vehicles, especially during the famous highway chase scene. Darling personifies when acting like a child is acceptable. Kingpin (1996) - Roy Munson's car is a Cutlass convertable that he received new when he left home, but after several years pass, the car is in very questionable shape. Darling represents the negative aspects of being childish, Mrs.

The X-Files (1998) - an Oldsmobile Intrigue was heavily used by the characters as part of a promotional tie-in between General Motors and the movie's producers. If Mr. Macy's character was an Oldsmobile salesman. Barrie is making another point: there is nothing wrong with being childish, being egotistical is the problem. Fargo (1996) - late 1980s Oldsmobile cars including the Cutlass Ciera and Ninety-Eight Touring Sedan were featured, as William H. Girls have more sense then to be arrogant; they see the significance in growing up and maturity. Get Shorty (1995) - John Travolta's character is incredulous at being given an Oldsmobile Silhouette minivan for a rental instead of his requested Cadillac, to which the rental clerk responds, "You got the Cadillac of minivans," a line oft-repeated outside of the movie. There is a reason why there are only lost boys and not lost girls.

The Dark Half (1993) - The villain, Stark (played by Timothy Hutton), is seen driving a sinister loooking jet-black '66 Toronado. Barrie is making a point: being egotistical will bring you down, not up. The Hunt for Red October (1990) - Alec Baldwin can be seen getting out of a dark-colored early eighties Olds 98 Regency just before he enters the White House briefing. He is the leader of the Lost Boys because he is the bravest and the 'smartest.' But whenever anything is brought up that he does not understand he dismisses it and makes it seem inferior. Any Which Way You Can (1980) - When Clint Eastwood arrives in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, for the big fight, his opponent and friend William Smith is driving a beautiful brand new, red 1980 Olds 98 Regency sedan which is featured prominently in the end of the film. Peter too is like this. "You're Gonna Get Yours" from Public Enemy's 1987 debut album Yo! Bum Rush The Show, an ode to the Ninety-Eight. He is constantly fussing over money and respect, yet he never even attempts to hide his immaturity, because he is simply unaware of it.

"Rocket 88", a 1951 song by Ike Turner said by many to be the first rock and roll record. Darling is constantly troubling himself with 'adult' matters. Bryan; the song enjoyed a second round of popularity in the 1920s. Mr. "In My Merry Oldsmobile", a 1905 song with music by Gus Edwards and lyrics by Vincent P. Barrie's tale is intricately tied to the real Davies boys and the deaths of both mother and father. Oldsmobile Silhouette (1990 - 2004). Along with the theme of "growing up" is the theme of death and innocence.

Oldsmobile Intrigue (1998 - 2002). It is also sometimes used to positively describe an innocent, childlike approach to life. Oldsmobile Bravada (1991 - 2004). Dan Kiley to describe an adult who is afraid of commitment and/or refuses to act his age. Oldsmobile Aurora (1995 - 2003). "Peter Pan syndrome" has become a psychiatric term named by Dr. Oldsmobile Alero (1999 - 2004). The most apparent thematic thread in the story concerns growing up (or not), with the character of Peter wanting to remain a child forever in order to avoid the responsibilities of adulthood.

Oldsmobile Achieva (1992 - 1998). Wendy is related to the Welsh name Gwendolyn, and was used by Barrie at a time when Welsh names were making a resurgence in England. Oldsmobile Firenza (1982 - 1988). The Peter Pan stories popularized the name, at first in Britain. Oldsmobile Starfire (1975 - 1980). In fact, the name was already in use in both the United States and Britain, but was extremely rare. Oldsmobile Toronado (1966 - 1992). Barrie's friend poet William Henley called Barrie "Friend" but Henley's daughter Margaret aged 4 could only pronounce that as "My Fweiendy" or "Fwendy-Wendy".

Oldsmobile F-85. Barrie is sometimes said to have "invented" the name Wendy with this story. Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser. John's, Newfoundland. Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser (1971 - 1992). The statues are in Kensington Gardens in London, in Liverpool, in Brussels, in Camden, New Jersey, in Perth, in Toronto, and in Bowring Park in St. Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera (1982 - 1996). There are seven statues of Peter Pan playing a set of pipes, cast from a mold by sculptor George Frampton, following an original commission by Barrie.

Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais. Barrie then adapted the play into the 1911 novel Peter and Wendy (but most often now published simply as Peter Pan). Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme. In 1906, the portion of The Little White Bird which featured Peter Pan was published as the book Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens, with illustrations by Arthur Rackham. Oldsmobile Cutlass. Peter Pan first appeared in print in a 1902 book called The Little White Bird, a fictionalised version of Barrie's relationship with the Llewelyn Davies children, and was then used in a very successful stage play, Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Wouldn't Grow Up, which premiered in London on December 27, 1904. Oldsmobile 442 (1968 - 1971). If Margaret Ogilvy drew a measure of comfort from the notion that David, in dying a boy, would remain a boy for ever, Barrie drew inspiration.".

Oldsmobile Series 90. Barrie and the Lost Boys, the death was "a catastrophe beyond belief, and one from which she never fully recovered . Oldsmobile Series 70. According to Andrew Birkin, author of J.M. Oldsmobile Series 60. It has also been suggested that the inspiration for the character was Barrie's elder brother David, whose death in a skating accident at the age of thirteen deeply affected their mother. Oldsmobile 98. Barrie was named as co-guardian of the boys and unofficially adopted them.

Oldsmobile 88. Llewelyn-Davies' death from cancer came within a few years of the death of her husband. Oldsmobile 66. Mrs. Oldsmobile 53. The character's name comes from two sources: Peter Llewelyn-Davies, at the time the youngest of the boys, and Pan, the mischievous Greek god of the woodlands. Oldsmobile 40. Barrie created Peter Pan in stories he told to the sons of his friend Sylvia Llewelyn-Davies, with whom he had forged a special relationship, while both were married.

Oldsmobile Limited Touring. Peter remains in the Neverland, and Wendy grows up. Oldsmobile Curved Dash. In the end, Wendy decides that her place is at home, and brings all the boys back to London. April 2004: Alero compact car. Many adventures ensue, including the near-death of the fairy Tinker Bell, and a climactic confrontation with Peter's nemesis, the pirate Captain Hook of the pirate ship the Jolly Roger. March 2004: Silhouette minivan. Her brothers John and Michael come along.

January 2004: Bravada SUV replaced by the Buick Rainier. In both the play and the novel, Peter invites the girl Wendy Darling to the Neverland to be a mother for his gang of Lost Boys. May 2003: Aurora V8 sedan. Barrie's mythos of Peter Pan that is best known to most readers. June 2002: production ends for Intrigue and the Aurora V6 sedans. M. Late 2001: The 2002 Bravada becomes the company's last. This is the portion of J.

Oldsmobile Silhouette (1990-2004) - minivan. Later renamed to Peter Pan. Oldsmobile Intrigue (1998-2002) - midsize sedan. It is all rather sad.". Oldsmobile Cutlass (1997-1999) - midsize sedan. The story ends, "I do hope Peter is not too ready with his spade. Oldsmobile Bravada (1991-2004) - SUV. Sometimes he is too late, and then he buries them (in twos, so that they should not be lonely) and carves a tombstone for them.

Oldsmobile Aurora (1995-2003) - luxury sedan. Every night, Peter rides around the Gardens, looking for lost children, and if he finds them, he puts them in a fairy house. Oldsmobile Alero (1999-2004) - compact sedan & coupe. It is thus that Peter acquired the goat he rides on in the Gardens. Oldsmobile Achieva (1992-1997) - compact sedan & coupe. But she leaves Peter a present a little while later -- an imaginary goat, which she asks the fairies to turn into a real goat. Oldsmobile Firenza (1982-1988) - compact sedan, hatchback, coupe, and station wagon based on GM's J-car design sharing same bodyshell with Chevrolet Cavalier, Pontiac Sunbird, Buick Skyhawk and Cadillac Cimarron. Maimie agrees, but then Peter seems to like her fur coat (for a nest) better than her, and she remembers her mother -- and the long and short of it is that she goes back to her family.

Oldsmobile Starfire (1975-1980) - sporty compact car similar to the Chevrolet Monza, which was itself a spinoff of the Chevy Vega. And in the morning, she meets Peter Pan, who asks her to marry him after a touching scene in which kisses are confused with thimbles, as in the stage play. Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser (1971-1992) - full-sized station wagon. Maimie helps precipitate a fairy wedding, and so she finds favor with the fairies, who build her a little house for the night. Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera (1982 - 1996) - Mid-Sized car, based on the Omega. Peter spends a very long time as a little boy in the Gardens, playing without ceasing but never knowing that he was doing it all wrong, that is, until he meets a little girl named Maimie, who remains in the Garden after Lock-Out. Oldsmobile Omega (1973 - 1984) - Compact car based on the Chevrolet Nova/Citation X-body. But Peter is having too much fun to hurry back; and when he finally does fly home, the window is barred and his mother has a new little boy to love.

Rooflines of coupe models generally shared with the higher-priced Pontiac Grand Prix and Chevrolet Monte Carlo. But he cannot bring himself to leave behind his boat and the fairies and his fun in the Gardens, and so he flies away, planning to come back later. Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme (1970-1997) - more performance and luxury than the lower priced Cutlass and Cutlass S models, fitting in at the bottom of the personal luxury car market. So the fairies give him the ability to fly, and off he goes straight to his mother, who he finds is very sad -- and Peter knows why. The Toronado was Motor Trend magazine's 1966 "Car of the Year.". So the fairies grant him a wish of his heart -- and Peter asks to go back to his mother. The original Toronado was powered by a 425 cubic-inch Super Rocket V8 engine rated at 385 horsepower mated to a three-speed Turbo Hydra-Matic transmission. Peter makes friends with the fairies in the Gardens, and he plays on his pipes for them at their dances and ceremonies.

Oldsmobile Toronado (1966-1992) - front wheel drive coupe in the personal luxury car category, introduced in 1966; at the time, the largest and most powerful front wheel drive car ever produced - and one of the first modern front-drive cars equipped with an automatic transmission. And from then on, Peter goes to the Gardens at night to play, just as real boys do in the daytime. (Note, between 1963 and 1966, Oldsmobile named its least expensive full-size carline the Oldsmobile Jetstar 88 which was not related to, and priced $500-$600 below the Jetstar I.). So one day, all the thrushes on the island build Peter a huge nest that he can use as a boat. Transmission offerings included a column-shift three-speed manual, Hydra-Matic or four-speed manual with floor-mounted Hurst shifter. Peter grows up on the island -- that is to say, he spends a very long time on the island-- but he always wishes he could go back to the Kensington Gardens and play as little girls and boys do. Offered as lower-priced alternative to the Starfire. Perfect faith is to have wings.

Oldsmobile Jetstar I (1964 - 1965) - Sporty hardtop coupe based on the 88/Starfire with a sporty interior featuring Moroceen vinyl bucket seats and console along with the powerful Rocket V8 shared with the Starfire. Peter is quite horrified, and then for a moment he doubts whether he can fly any more, and so he cannot. Powered by Oldsmobile's most powerful Rocket V8 engine including a 394 cubic inch engine from 1961 to 1964 with 330 to 345 horsepower and a larger 425 cubic-inch Super Rocket V8 for 1965-66 rated at 375 horsepower. At the island, he asks the wise old bird Solomon what is wrong -- and Solomon explains that he is now a little boy. Featured interiors with leather bucket seats and center console with floor shifter along with a standard Hydra-Matic transmission, power steering and brakes (and power windows and seats on convertibles). He soon discovered that something was a bit off about him, so he flew to the island in the Serpentine where all the birds-who-become-children are born. Oldsmobile Starfire (1961 - 1966 - Sporty and luxurious hardtop coupe and convertible based on B-Body 88. He, having been a bird before he was a boy, believed he was still a bird, and so he flew out the window to the Kensington Gardens.

Three-seat models featured forward facing seating at a time when most three-seat station wagons had third seat facing the rear. In this story, Peter Pan escapes from being a human at the tender age of seven days. Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser (1964 - 1977) - Stretched wheelbase Cutlass station wagon (to "120" inches from "115" inches) featuring elevated roof over rear seat and cargo area and glass skylights over the rear seat. Several sequels, adaptations, and spinoffs have emerged since then, all with slightly modified storylines. The Cutlass was initially the top model of the F-85 line but became a model in its own right by 1964 with the F-85 nameplate continued only on the lowest-priced models through the 1972 model year after which time all Olds intermediates were Cutlasses. Barrie wrote three works involving Peter Pan:. In 1964, the F-85 was upgraded to an intermediate-sized car and the aluminum V8 was replaced by conventional cast-iron six-cylinder and V8 engines. M.

Oldsmobile F-85 (1961 - 1972) - compact sedan, coupe and station wagon powered by 215 cubic-inch aluminum block V8 engine from 1961 to 1963. J. In 1967, the Cutlass Supreme was expanded to a full series also including two-door hardtop and pillared coupes, a convertible and a four-door pillared sedan. . In 1966, a top-line Cutlass Supreme was introduced as a four-door hardtop sedan with a more powerful 320 horsepower 330 cubic-inch Jetfire Rocket V8 than the regular F-85/Cutlass models, a more luxurious interior and other trimmings. The character is a little boy who refuses to grow up, and spends his time having magical adventures. Oldsmobile's best seller in the 1970s and 1980s, and in some of those years America's best selling car. Barrie, and the name of a stage play, a children's book, and various adaptations of them.

Oldsmobile Cutlass (1961 - 1999) - mid-size car. M. In later years the 4-4-2 became its own model series on the Olds intermediate body and got an even larger 455 in³ (7.4 L) V8 engine in 1970. Peter Pan is a fictional character created by Scottish author J. The 4-4-2 definition was changed to "4" hundred-cubic-inch V8 engine, "4" barrel carburetor, "2" exhaust pipes. Peter and Wendy (1911), later retitled Peter Pan, a novel for children based on the play. In 1965 to better compete with Pontiac's GTO the original 330 cubic-inch V8 rated at 310 horsepower was replaced by a new 400 cubic-inch V8 rated at 345 horsepower. The stage play Peter Pan, or The Boy Who Would Not Grow Up (1904).

Oldsmobile 442 - began as a 1964 muscle car option package (4-barrel carburetor, 4-speed manual transmission, 2 exhausts) on the F-85/Cutlass series. "Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens," which is a segment of his book The Little White Bird (1902). Oldsmobile Dynamic 88 (1958 - 1966) - Oldsmobile's lowest-priced line of full-sized cars, usually powered by a lower horsepower Rocket V8 engine than its Super 88 and 98 counterparts. Oldsmobile Golden Rocket 88 (1957) - One-year only nameplate used on Oldsmobile's lowest-priced line previously known as the "88". GM terminated the project as it was a threat to its strong Corvette base.

Earl. Oldmobile's response to the Chevrolet Corvette; also designed by Harley J. Cord. L.

The last one, styling order #2265 (which sold for $3 million at the 2005 Barret-Jackson Auto Auction), was snuck out of the Oldsmobile factory in pieces then rebuilt and either sold or given to E. Four were made but only one survived. Earl. Concept car designed by Harley J.

Oldsmobile F88 (1954) - The XP-20 project. Fiesta nameplate would reappear on Olds station wagons from 1957 to 1964. Oldsmobile Fiesta (1953) - Ultra-luxurious and expensive convertible based on the 98 ragtop and featured distinctive two-tone paint scheme and one of the first automobiles to feature the wrap-around windshield that would appear on all Oldsmobiles (as well as Buicks and Cadillacs in 1954 and most other American cars by 1955. Oldsmobile 98 (1946-1997) - Oldsmobile's premium standard car line.

Oldsmobile DeLuxe 88 (1952 - 1953} - Lowest priced Oldsmobile line that replaced the original Olds 88. Oldsmobile Super 88 (1951 - 1964} - An upgraded Olds 88 with a more powerful engine and luxurious interior trim. Introduced with Oldsmobile's new overhead-valve, high-compression Rocket V8, giving the 88 a reputation for performance. Oldsmobile 88 (1949-1999) - Oldsmobile's standard car line.

Oldsmobile Series 90 Custom Cruiser - 96/98. Oldsmobile Series 70 Dynamic Cruiser - 76/78. Oldsmobile Series 60 Special - 66/68.