This page will contain blogs about Nikon, as they become available.Nikon CorporationNikon Corporation (Nikon, Nikon Corp.) TYO: 7731 is a Japanese company specializing in optics and imaging. Its products include cameras, binoculars, microscopes, measurement instruments, and the steppers used in the photolithography steps of semiconductor fabrication. It was founded in 1917 as Nihon (Nippon) Kōgaku Kōgyō (日本光學工業株式會社); the company was renamed Nikon Corporation (株式会社ニコン), after its cameras, in 1988. As of 2002, it has about 14,000 employees. Nikon is one of the Mitsubishi companies. The name Nikon, which dates from 1946, is a merging of Nippon Kōgaku ("Japan Optical") and an imitation of Zeiss Ikon. Among its famous products are Nikkor camera lenses (notably those designed for the company's own F-mount SLR cameras), Nikonos underwater cameras, the Nikon F-series of professional 135 film SLR cameras, and the Nikon D-series digital SLRs. Nikon has helped lead the transition to digital photography with both the Coolpix line of consumer and prosumer cameras as well as system cameras like the Nikon D100, the more recent Nikon D70, D70s and the D50, and professional DSLRs including the D1 and D2 series (see below). Nikon's main competitors include Canon, Konica Minolta, Leica, Pentax, and Olympus. Nikon Corporation was established in 1917 when two leading optical manufacturers merged to form a comprehensive, fully integrated optical company known as Nippon Kogaku K.K. Over the next 60 years this growing company became a leading manufacturer of optical lenses and precision equipment used in cameras, binoculars, microscopes and inspection equipment. During World War II the company grew to 19 factories and 23,000 employees, supplying items such as binoculars, lenses, bomb sights and periscopes to the Japanese military. After the war it reverted to its civilian product range with a single factory and 1400 employees. By 1980, the first stepper, the NSR-1010G, was produced in Japan. Since then, Nikon has introduced over 50 models of stepper/scanners for the production of semiconductors and liquid crystal displays. In 1982, Nikon Precision Inc. was established in the United States to sell and service Nikon stepper equipment. Fueled by a rapidly growing customer base, the company quickly expanded. In 1990, NPI opened its current Belmont, California headquarters. The facility now includes corporate offices, a fully equipped training center, and extensive applications, technology, service, sales and marketing departments. In January 2006, Nikon announced that it would stop making most of its film camera models and focus on digital models. [1] ShareholdersNikon is listed in the Tokyo Stock Exchange under number 7731. (As of September 2004)
HoldingsThe companies held by Nikon form the Nikon Group Partial list of Nikon productsThis list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.CamerasWikimedia Commons has media related to: Nikon camerasIn January 2006 Nikon announced [2] that they will stop the production of all but two models of their film cameras, focusing their efforts to the digital camera market. They will continue to produce the low-end FM10 and the high-end F6, and announced a commitment to service all of the film cameras for a period of ten years after production ceases. [3] Film 35 mm SLR cameras without autofocus
Film 35 mm SLR cameras with autofocus
Film APS SLR cameras
Rangefinder camerasNikon F5 Nikon F6 Nikon D70
Digital compact cameras
Digital SLR cameras
Nikon's raw image format format is named NEF, for Nikon Electric File. The "DSCN" prefix for image files stands for "Digital Still Camera - Nikon." LensesLens acronymsNikon Lenses have designated acronyms used in their names (for example, the lens AF-S 18-70 mm f/3.5-4.5G DX ED IF). These help consumers know what features the lens has. Some common designations are listed below with the descriptions of each.
AF Prime lenses
Consumer AF zoom lenses
Professional AF zoom lenses
DX (Digital APS-C sized sensor cameras only) Lenses
Micro AF Lenses (also known as Macro)
Currently Produced Manual Focus Lenses
Lenses for other camera models
Flash gunsNikon use the term Speedlight for their flash guns. Models offered include:
External links
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Models offered include:. Some manufacturers, notably AMD, have started using a new, slightly more environmentally friendly alternative to expanded plastic packaging made out of paper, known commercially as "paperfoam." The packaging has very similar mechanical properties to some expanded plastic packaging, but is biodegradable and can also be recycled with ordinary paper. Nikon use the term Speedlight for their flash guns. The type of cotton fibres used for making paper are discarded as unusable waste from the textile industry, and can be manufactured using fewer chemicals and less energy. Some common designations are listed below with the descriptions of each. Paper made in the west since the industrial revolution has been almost exclusively wood based, except for a few specialized papers like those used in banknotes. These help consumers know what features the lens has. The majority of modern book publishers now use acid-free paper. Nikon Lenses have designated acronyms used in their names (for example, the lens AF-S 18-70 mm f/3.5-4.5G DX ED IF). Documents written on more expensive rag paper were more stable. The "DSCN" prefix for image files stands for "Digital Still Camera - Nikon.". Unfortunately, the original wood-based paper was more acidic and more prone to disintegrate over time, through processes known as slow fires. Nikon's raw image format format is named NEF, for Nikon Electric File. The office worker or the white-collar worker was slowly born of this transformation, which can be considered as a part of the industrial revolution. In January 2006 Nikon announced [2] that they will stop the production of all but two models of their film cameras, focusing their efforts to the digital camera market. Together with the invention of the practical fountain pen and the mass produced pencil of the same period, and in conjunction with the advent of the steam driven rotary printing press, wood based paper caused a major transformation of the 19th century economy and society in industrialized countries. The companies held by Nikon form the Nikon Group. Although older machines predated it, the Fourdrinier paper making machine became the basis for most modern papermaking. (As of September 2004). Paper remained a luxury item through the centuries, until the advent of steam-driven paper making machines in the 19th century, which could make paper with fibres from wood pulp. Nikon is listed in the Tokyo Stock Exchange under number 7731. According to this theory, Chinese culture was less developed than the West in ancient times because bamboo, while abundant, was a clumsier writing material than papyrus; Chinese culture advanced during the Han Dynasty and preceding centuries due to the invention of paper; and Europe advanced during the Renaissance due to the introduction of paper and the printing press. . Some historians speculate that paper was the key element in global cultural advancement. [1]. The oldest known paper document in the West is the Missel of Silos from the 11th century. In January 2006, Nikon announced that it would stop making most of its film camera models and focus on digital models. They used hemp and linen rags as a source of fiber. The facility now includes corporate offices, a fully equipped training center, and extensive applications, technology, service, sales and marketing departments. After further commercial trading and the defeat of the Chinese in the Battle of Talas, the invention spread to the Middle East, where it was adopted in India and subsequently in Italy in about the 13th century. In 1990, NPI opened its current Belmont, California headquarters. The technology was first transferred to Korea in 600 and then imported to Japan by a Buddhist priest, Dam Jing (曇徴) from Goguryeo, around 610, where fibres (called bast) from the mulberry tree were used. Fueled by a rapidly growing customer base, the company quickly expanded. Instruction in the manufacturing process was required, and the Chinese were reluctant to share their secrets. was established in the United States to sell and service Nikon stepper equipment. It spread slowly outside of China; other East Asian cultures, even after seeing paper, could not figure out how to make it themselves. In 1982, Nikon Precision Inc. Other sources trace the invention of this type of papermaking to China in 150 BC. Since then, Nikon has introduced over 50 models of stepper/scanners for the production of semiconductors and liquid crystal displays. The Chinese court official Cai Lun described the modern method of papermaking in AD 105; he was the first person to describe how to make paper from cotton rags. By 1980, the first stepper, the NSR-1010G, was produced in Japan. Indeed, most of the above materials were rare and costly. After the war it reverted to its civilian product range with a single factory and 1400 employees. Silk was sometimes used, but was normally too expensive to consider. During World War II the company grew to 19 factories and 23,000 employees, supplying items such as binoculars, lenses, bomb sights and periscopes to the Japanese military. In China, documents were ordinarily written on bamboo, making them very heavy and awkward to transport. Over the next 60 years this growing company became a leading manufacturer of optical lenses and precision equipment used in cameras, binoculars, microscopes and inspection equipment. Further north, parchment or vellum, made of processed sheepskin or calfskin, replaced papyrus, as the papyrus plant requires subtropical conditions to grow. Nikon Corporation was established in 1917 when two leading optical manufacturers merged to form a comprehensive, fully integrated optical company known as Nippon Kogaku K.K. Papyrus was produced as early as 3000 BC in Egypt, and in ancient Greece and Rome. Nikon's main competitors include Canon, Konica Minolta, Leica, Pentax, and Olympus. The word paper comes from the ancient Egyptian writing material called papyrus, which was woven from papyrus plants. Nikon has helped lead the transition to digital photography with both the Coolpix line of consumer and prosumer cameras as well as system cameras like the Nikon D100, the more recent Nikon D70, D70s and the D50, and professional DSLRs including the D1 and D2 series (see below). The heat produced by these can easily dry the paper to less than 6% moisture. Among its famous products are Nikkor camera lenses (notably those designed for the company's own F-mount SLR cameras), Nikonos underwater cameras, the Nikon F-series of professional 135 film SLR cameras, and the Nikon D-series digital SLRs. These dryer cans heat to temperatures above 200ºF and are used in long sequences of more than 40 cans. The name Nikon, which dates from 1946, is a merging of Nippon Kōgaku ("Japan Optical") and an imitation of Zeiss Ikon. On the paper machine, the most common is the steam-heated can dryer. Nikon is one of the Mitsubishi companies. In more modern times, various forms of heated drying mechanisms are used. As of 2002, it has about 14,000 employees. In the earliest days of papermaking this was done by hanging the paper sheets like laundry. It was founded in 1917 as Nihon (Nippon) Kōgaku Kōgyō (日本光學工業株式會社); the company was renamed Nikon Corporation (株式会社ニコン), after its cameras, in 1988. Drying involves using air and or heat to remove water from the paper sheet. Its products include cameras, binoculars, microscopes, measurement instruments, and the steppers used in the photolithography steps of semiconductor fabrication. When making paper by hand, a blotter sheet is used. Nikon Corporation (Nikon, Nikon Corp.) TYO: 7731 is a Japanese company specializing in optics and imaging. On a paper machine this is called a felt (not to be confused with the traditional felt). Nikon mailing list. Once the water is forced from the sheet, another absorbant material must be used to collect this water. Photosapien Photography Forum. Pressing the sheet removes the water by force. Nikonians - see also Nikonian. The methods of doing so vary between the different processes used to make paper, but the concepts remain the same. Fansites and forums:
Nikon Field Guide and Nikon Flash Guide support at bythom.com. Standard sheet sizes are prescribed by governing bodies such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Nikon Historical Society. When dried, this continuous web may be cut into rectangular sheets by slicing the web vertically and horizontally to the desired size. Yahoo! - Nikon Corporation Company Profile. Most mass-produced paper is made using the continuous Fourdrinier process to form a reel or web of fibers in a thin sheet. Nikon Digital Camera Resources - Custom tone curves. The paper may then be removed from the mould, wet or dry, and go on to further processing. Data:
USA website. This dilute slurry is drained through a fine-mesh moving screen to form a fibrous web. Nikon Corp. The pulp mixture is further diluted with water resulting in a very thin slurry. website. For example, Kaolin (or calcium carbonate) is added to produce the glossy papers typically used for magazines. Nikon Corp. Once the fibers have been extracted, they may also be bleached, dyed, or have additional ingredients added to alter the appearance of the final product. Official websites:
SB-23,. However, because the lignin will cause this paper to yellow, mechanical pulp is most often used for newspapers and other non-permanent goods. SB-22s,. Since the lignin is not removed from mechanical pulp, yields are relatively high, approximately 90-98%. SB-24,. Pulp that has been broken down mechanically is often known as "groundwood pulp." The mechanical process to break down wood chips into pulp requires no chemicals. SB-29s,. If the lignin is retained in the pulp, the paper will yellow when exposed to air and light. SB-30,. These processes are not needed when breaking down recycled fibers, as the lignin has already been removed from the source material. SB-50DX,. This is done via a chemical process. SB-80DX,. When natural materials are used to make paper, it is usually necessary to break down the lignin inside of the plant's cell walls. R1C1 Wireless Close Up Speedlight Flash System (2 SB-R200s, SU-800, and accessories),. The source of fiber is often natural (softwood or hardwood trees or other plants) or recycled, such as old corrugated boxes, newsprint, or mixed paper. R1 Wireless Close Up Speedlight Flash System (2 SB-R200s and accessories) ,. The material to be used for making paper is first converted into pulp, a concentrated mixture of fibers suspended in liquid. SB-R200 (remote flash),. Whether done by hand or with a paper machine, the paper making process has three simple steps:. SU-800 (slave trigger),. . SB-600,. Though generally considered a flexible material, the edges of paper sheets can act as very thin, fine-toothed saws, leading to paper cuts. SB-800,. A stack of 500 sheets of paper is called a ream. Lens for Plaubel Makina medium-format camera. However, other vegetable fiber materials including cotton, hemp, linen, and rice may be used. Lenses for Bronica medium-format cameras. The most common source of these fibers is wood pulp from pulpwood trees, (largely softwoods) such as spruce. Screwmount lenses for Leica rangefinder cameras. The fibers used are usually natural and composed of cellulose. Lenses for Nikon S-series rangefinder cameras. Paper was invented in Ancient China by a man named Ts'ai Lun in AD 105.Paper is a thin, flat material produced by the compression of fibers (or fibres). 85mm f/2.8D PC Micro Nikkor. paper machines- paper-engineering. 70-180 mm f/4.5-5.6 ED AF-D Micro. origami. 200 mm f/4D ED-IF AF Micro. papier-mâché. 105 mm f/2.8D AF Micro. For construction
18-55 mm f/3.5-5.6G ED AF-S DX. toilet paper. 18-70 mm f3.5-4.5G ED-IF AF-S DX. For cleaning (see also tissue, Kleenex):
10.5 mm f/2.8G ED AF DX. envelope. 200-400 mm f/4G ED-IF AF-S VR. For packaging:
70-200 mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR. book. 35-70 mm f/2.8D AF. For entertainment:
70-300 mm f/4.5-5.6G AF. security. 70-300 mm f/4.5-5.6D ED AF. check. 28-200 mm f/3.5-5.6G ED-IF AF. bank note. 28-105 mm f/3.5-4.5D AF. paper money. 28-100 mm f/3.5-5.6G AF. To represent a value:
24-85 mm f/2.8-4D IF AF. 18-200 mm f/3.5-5.6 G ED-IF AF-S VR DX. 18-35 mm f/3.5-4.5D ED-IF AF. 600 mm f/4D ED-IF AF-S II. 500 mm f/4D ED-IF AF-S II. 400 mm f/2.8D ED-IF AF-S II. 300 mm f/4D ED-IF AF-S. 300 mm f/2.8D ED-IF AF-S II. 300 mm f/2.8G ED-IF AF-S VR. 200 mm f/2G ED-IF AF-S VR. 180 mm f/2.8D ED-IF AF. 135 mm f/2D AF DC. 105 mm f/2D AF DC. 85 mm f/1.8D AF. 85 mm f/1.4D AF. 50 mm f/1.8D AF. 50 mm f/1.4D AF. 35 mm f/2D AF. 28 mm f/2.8D AF. 28 mm f/1.4D AF. 24 mm f/2.8D AF. 20mm f/2.8D AF. 18 mm f/2.8D AF. 16 mm f/2.8D AF Fisheye. 14 mm f/2.8D ED AF. Generally used to refer to manual focus lenses, however all Nikon autofocus lenses with aperture rings are also AI-S. AI-S added a tab to the back of the lens which affected metering on certain older cameras. The lens has a notch on the aperture ring that allows the camera to sense the current aperture. AI/AI-S - Auto (aperture) Indexing. DC - Indicates that the lens has controls for adjusting the shape and effect of the out-of-focus elements, also known as bokeh. [6]. These lenses are all auto focus zoom lenses and are not compatible with other bodies. IX - Lenses optimised for use with the Pronea Advanced Photo System SLR. These include the shift-only 28mm and 35mm PC nikkors, and the tilt/shift 85mm f/2.8D PC Micro Nikkor. Lens has the ability to shift and/or tilt the lens to correct perspective and adjust depth of field. PC - Perspective Control. Micro - Indicates that the lens is capable of macro photography - subjects which appear as large or larger than they are at the film plane, not necessarily at close distances, such as with the 200mm Micro-Nikkor. It has the same characteristics with the D lens. Since the body needs to control the lens aperture, these type lenses only work with automatic bodies. G - Indicated after the f-number, and tells that the lens does not have an aperture ring, but instead that aperture value is controlled by the body. The lens carries the information of the distance between the camera and the subject. It means that the lens is capable using of Nikon's RGB Matrix Metering. Indicated after the f-stop number. D - Distance/Dimension. Equivalent to Canon's IS (Image Stabilizer) and Minolta's AS (Anti-shake, although this is embedded into the body of the camera). Some VR lenses also support panning shot mode, detecting the horizontal movement of the lens and minimizing the vertical vibration. Uses special VR lens unit to reduce camera shake evident in photographs. VR - Vibration Reduction. Although use with 35mm cameras is generally not advised, some DX Nikkor lenses can actually cover the full 35mm frame at some focal length settings. A circular image is produced if used with a 35mm camera. DX - Lens designed for Nikon's DX format sensors; the image circle is reduced in size by 1.5× to fit the smaller sensor in Nikon's digital SLRs. Focussing moves only internal lenses, meaning that the lens does not change in length during focussing. IF - Internal Focus. More recently, Super ED glass has been introduced. Reduces chromatic aberration. ED - Extra-low Dispersion glass. Replaced with AF-S starting in 1996. Used only in long telephoto lenses (300mm f/2.8 thru 600mm f/4.0) starting in 1992. AF-I - Autofocus- Internal Coreless DC motor. First introduced in 1996. Uses SWM, Silent Wave Motor, to focus quietly and faster; similar to Canon's USM, Ultrasonic Motor technology. AF-S - Autofocus-Silent. AF - Autofocus. Nikon D2Hs. Nikon D2X. Nikon D2H. Nikon D70s. Nikon D70. Nikon D50. Nikon D200. Nikon D100. Nikon D1X. Nikon D1H. Nikon D1. Nikon Coolpix series. Nikonos line of underwater cameras. Nikon S3M (1960). Nikon S4 (1959). Nikon S3 (1958). Nikon SP (1957). Nikon S2 (1954). Nikon S (1951). Nikon M (1949). Nikon I (1948). Nikon Pronea 600i also known as the Pronea 6i (1996) [5]. Nikon Pronea S (1997) [4]. Nikon F6. Nikon F5. Nikon F4. Nikon F100. as the N80). Nikon F80 (known in the U.S. as the N75). Nikon F75 (known in the U.S. as the N65). Nikon F65 (known in the U.S. as the N55). Nikon F55 (known in the U.S. as the N90s). Nikon F90x (known in the U.S. as the N90). Nikon F90 (known in the U.S. as the N8008s). Nikon F801S (known in the U.S. as the N8008). Nikon F801 (known in the U.S. as the N6006). Nikon F601 (known in the U.S. Nikon F501 (known in North America as the N2020). as the N5005). Nikon F401X (known in the U.S. as the N4004s). Nikon F401S (known in theU.S. as the N4004). Nikon F401 (known in the U.S. as the N70). Nikon F70 (known in the U.S. as the N60). Nikon F60 (known in the U.S. as the N50). Nikon F50 (known in the U.S. Nikon F301 (known in North America as the N2000). Nikon EM. Nikon EL2. Nikkorex series. Nikkormat series (known in Japan as Nikomat). Nikon F3 series. Nikon F2 series. Nikon F series (known in Germany as Nikkor). Nikon FM2. Nikon FM. Nikon FG20. Nikon FG. Nikon FE2. Nikon FE. Nikon FA. Nikon FE10. Nikon FM10. Nikon FM3A. JP Morgan Chase Oppenheimer Funds (1.7%). (1.8%). The Joyo Bank, Ltd. Nippon Life Insurance Company (2.4%). The Mitsubishi Trust and Banking Corporation (2.5%). State Street Bank and Trust Company (2.7 %). (2.7%). Tokio Marine & Nichido Fire Insurance Co., Ltd. Japan Trustee Services Bank, Ltd.(2.9%). (3.3%). The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi, Ltd. Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance Company (5.6%). (8.5%). The Master Trust Bank of Japan, Ltd. |