Mississippi

On August 17, 1969 Category 5 Hurricane Camille hit the Mississippi coast killing 248 people and causing US$1.5 billion in damage (1969 dollars). Many of the Boston Harbor Islands are part of the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area that is run by the National Park Service. The state was the last to repeal prohibition and to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment, in 1966 and 1995 respectively. There are also two self-guided walking tours: Harbor Walk (http://www.bostonharborwalk.com/), which is designed to allow people the walk the entire shore of Boston Harbor, and the Black Heritage Trail. During the Civil War the Confederate States were defeated and subsequently Mississippi was readmitted to the Union on February 23, 1870. Other sites of interest include Castle Island and Kenmore Square. It was the second state to secede from the Union as one of the Confederate States of America on January 9, 1861. The New England Aquarium as well as the Franklin Park Zoo are located within the city.

Mississippi was the 20th state admitted to the Union, on December 10, 1817. The University of Massachusetts campus at Columbia Point houses the John Fitzgerald Kennedy Library. and Spain. Boston is home to several world-renowned museums, including the Museum of Fine Arts, the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, and the Museum of Science. The Mississippi Territory was organized on April 7, 1798, from territory ceded by Georgia and South Carolina and was later twice expanded to include disputed territory claimed by both the U.S. It is also the site of the Esplanade where the Boston Pops Orchestra play their annual Fourth of July concerts to large crowds. USS Mississippi was named in honor of this state. The Charles River, with long stretches of parks along its banks, is a major recreation site for many Bostonians.

The name itself probably comes from Native American words with various spellings that mean "large waters" or "father of the waters." Other nicknames attached to Mississippi are the Magnolia State and the Hospitality State. Other notable districts/neighborhoods include Beacon Hill, Charlestown, Chinatown, Downtown Crossing, North End, and South Boston. The state takes its name from the Mississippi River, which flows along the western boundary. Back Bay is also the home of two of New England's tallest buildings: the John Hancock Tower and the Prudential Center. Official (long) name: State of Mississippi. Once a shallow lagoon, the Back Bay district now includes many prominent landmarks and sites of interests such as the Christian Science Center, Boston Public Library, Copley Square, Newbury Street, and Trinity Church. Postal abbreviation: MS. Such sites include:.

Mississippi is a southern state of the United States. Many are found along the Freedom Trail, which is marked by a red line or bricks embedded in the ground. The 2000 Census data on the racial/ethnic makeup of Mississippi is as follows:. Due to the city's prominent role in the American Revolution, several historic sites relating to that period are preserved as part of the Boston National Historical Park. 2000 Census rankings: 1st among the 50 states in its percentage of blacks; 45th in its percentage of Hispanics/Latinos. See also: Sites of interest in Boston. Mississippi's population in 2003 was estimated at 2,881,281. Other television stations broadcasting in the Boston market are:.

In 2000, Mississippi's population was 2,844,658. Most Boston television stations have their transmitters in nearby Needham and Newton. The city is also served by several Spanish-language television stations including those of Univision (WUNI channel 27, licensed to Worcester), TeleFutura (WUTF channel 66), and Telemundo (WNEU channel 60, licensed to Merrimack, New Hampshire, and simulcast on WTMU-LP channel 32). The city is served by stations representing every major American network including:. The Boston television DMA, which also includes Manchester, New Hampshire, is the fifth largest in the United States [1] (http://www.nielsenmedia.com/DMAs.html).

A variety of FM radio formats serve the area as well as NPR stations WBUR and WGBH. Several major AM stations include talk radio WRKO 680 AM, sports/talk station WEEI 850 AM, and news radio WBZ 1030 AM. Boston has the largest broadcasting market in New England, with the Boston radio market being the ninth largest in the United States. The Improper Bostonian (http://www.improper.com/) is a biweekly "what's happening" guide to the Boston area.

Just Rentals and Just Property are exclusive to Real Estate and are bi-weekly. The Boston Independent Media Center (http://boston.indymedia.org/) provides alternative views. Spare Change is a bi-weekly paper. As of October 2004, the Weekly Dig is owned by Boston Magazine.

The Boston Phoenix, The Improper Bostonian, and the Weekly Dig are weekly newspapers. A local edition of The Metro, a free paper, is also available. The Boston Globe, owned by the New York Times Company, and The Boston Herald are Boston's two major daily newspapers. See also: Media in Boston..

The New England Medical Center is affiliated with Tufts University while the Boston Medical Center is the primary teaching facility for the Boston University School of Medicine. Other medical institutions include Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, the Lahey Clinic, and Children's Hospital. Another hospital affiliated with Harvard Medical is Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Rated as one of the best in the world, Mass General is the third oldest general hospital in the U.S., and the oldest and largest in New England.

One such hospital is the Massachusetts General Hospital (Mass General), which is affiliated with the Harvard Medical School. As the home to some of the world's most respected research hospitals, Boston enjoys an international reputation in the medical field. It is also a major seaport along the United States east coast. The Port of Boston is the largest and busiest seaport in Massachusetts.

Teradyne, one of the world's leading manufacturer of semiconductors and other electronic equipment, has its corporate headquarters located in Boston. Boston Scientific is located in Natick, and Gillette is headquartered in Boston. Raytheon has its global headquarters in nearby Waltham while Novell also has its corporate headquarters there. Shoe and athletic apparel maker Reebok is headquartered in nearby Canton.

Boston headquartered Fidelity Investments helped popularize the mutual fund in the 1980s, and has made Boston one of the top financial cities in the United States. Other important industries include financial services, especially mutual funds and insurance. Boston's colleges and universities have drawn high-tech industries to the city, including computer hardware and software companies like EMC Corporation (headquartered in Hopkinton) and Akamai (headquartered in nearby Cambridge), as well as biotechnology companies like Millennium Pharmaceuticals and Biogen Idec. See also: An annotated bibliography of fiction set in Boston (http://www.cas.suffolk.edu/richman/Boston/bosbib.htm) (external weblink).

See also: List of television shows set in Boston. Boston is also home to a wide array of musical talent from bands like Boston, Godsmack, and Aerosmith, to the Boston Symphony Orchestra, the Boston Pops, the Boston Symphony Chamber Players, the Boston Philharmonic, the Boston Lyric Opera Company, and the Handel and Hayden Society (the oldest choral company in the U.S.) among many others. The weekend following Labor Day, the boutiques on Newbury Street close as over thirty art galleries spill out onto the street, providing unlimited access to their contents during Art Newbury Street. The Boston Film Festival is held annually in early September.

The Boston Globe Jazz and Blues Festival takes place each June; the Boston Early Music Festival takes place every odd-numbered year. The Boston Ballet is a world-renowned classical dance company. Avant garde theatres are scattered throughout the city, especially along Huntington Avenue. The Theater District, south of Boston Common, contains a number of ornate theatres, including the Cutler Majestic Theatre and The Wang Center for the Performing Arts.

Mark Twain once wrote of it, In New York they ask "how much money does he have?" In Philadelphia, they ask, "who were his parents?" In Boston they ask, "how much does he know?" It is also considered one of the most culturally impressive cities in the world. Boston is considered to be a highly intellectual city. Surrounding cities host Babson College, Bentley College, Brandeis University, Hellenic College, Lesley University, the Longy School of Music, Merrimack College, Pine Manor College, Regis College, Tufts University and Wellesley College, among others. Other schools in Boston proper include Berklee College of Music, Boston Conservatory, the Boston Architectural Center, Boston University, Emerson College, Emmanuel College, Fisher College, the Massachusetts College of Art, the New England Conservatory of Music, Northeastern University, Simmons College, and Suffolk University.

The greater Boston area is home to over 100 colleges. Cambridge is also the home of the world-renowned Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Harvard University, the nation's oldest university, was founded in Cambridge, where it maintains its main campus, though the bulk of its current land holdings lie in Boston. However, it moved from the city's South End to then-rural Chestnut Hill to escape Boston's rapid urbanization in the late nineteenth century.

Boston College was the first institution of higher education to be founded in Boston. The Boston area is well-known for its colleges and universities. See also: List of colleges and universities in Massachusetts.. The city also serves as the home of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit as well as the headquarters of the 1st District of the Federal Reserve Bank.

The National Archives has a regional center in nearby Waltham. O'Neil Federal Building. Kennedy Federal Office Building and the Thomas P. Properties include the John F.

Boston is also the United States federal government center for New England. The Massachusetts Port Authority (Massport) operates Boston's Logan International Airport. The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority runs the "T", Boston's public transport system. In addition to city government, numerous state authorities and commissions play a role in the life of Bostonians, including the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (water and sewer) and the state's Department of Conservation and Recreation, formerly known as the Metropolitan District Commission (some parks and most beaches).

The School Committee is appointed by the mayor, as are city department heads. The President of the City Council is elected by the Councilors from within themselves. The top four vote-getters are elected. Each voter casts up to four votes for at-large councilors; no more than one vote per candidate.

There are four at-large seats. There are nine wards or neighborhood seats, each elected by plurality voting by the residents of that ward. The City Council is elected every two years. The mayor is elected to a four-year term by plurality voting (see List of Mayors of Boston, Massachusetts).

Boston has a "strong mayor" system in which the mayor, Thomas Menino, is is vested with extensive executive powers. Boston is notable for having one of the most attractive and livable urban cores in the country; rents and housing prices are correspondingly high. Dorchester is probably the most diverse Boston neighborhood being populated with every ethnic group. Roxbury and Mattapan, located south of downtown, are populated largely by African Americans and Hispanics, as well as middle-class families priced out of more expensive neighborhoods.

The South End, south of the Back Bay, is populated by gays, artists, yuppies, African Americans, and Hispanics—it is noted for its restaurant scene and bohemian atmosphere. The Back Bay, west of the Public Garden, is one of the wealthiest neighborhoods in the United States—it includes the shops and restaurants on Newbury Street and the two tallest skyscrapers in Boston. Allston/Brighton, for example, is populated mostly by students from nearby Boston University and recent graduates. Each of the neighborhoods has a distinct character.

The city is divided into many neighborhoods (http://www.cityofboston.gov/neighborhoods/), including: Allston, Back Bay, Beacon Hill, Brighton, Charlestown, Dorchester, East Boston, Jamaica Plain, Mattapan, Fenway/Kenmore, the North End, Hyde Park, Roslindale, Roxbury, South Boston, the South End, Chinatown, Bay Village and West Roxbury. Out of the total population, 25.6% of those under the age of 18 and 18.2% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line. 19.5% of the population and 15.3% of families are below the poverty line. The per capita income for the city is $23,353.

Males have a median income of $37,435 versus $32,421 for females. The median income for a household in the city is $39,629, and the median income for a family is $44,151. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 90.2 males. For every 100 females there are 92.8 males.

The median age is 31 years. In the city the population is spread out with 19.8% under the age of 18, 16.2% from 18 to 24, 35.8% from 25 to 44, 17.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who are 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.31 and the average family size is 3.17. 37.1% of all households are made up of individuals and 9.1% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older.

There are 239,528 households out of which 22.7% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 27.4% are married couples living together, 16.4% have a female householder with no husband present, and 51.9% are non-families. Census data does not account for this significant segment of the community because of confusing terminology, as Brazilians speak Portuguese and often do not consider themselves Hispanic or Latino. These figures become less reliable due to the large undocumented Brazilian population, estimated by some studies to approach 250,000 in Massachusetts. 14.44% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.

The racial makeup of the city is 54.48% White, 25.33% Black or African American, 0.40% Native American, 7.52% Asian American, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 7.83% from other races, and 4.39% from two or more races. Boston is the capital of "Irish America". There are 251,935 housing units at an average density of 2,008.5/km² (5,202.5/mi²). The Irish are the largest ethnic group in the city of Boston. The population density is 4,696.9/km² (12,165.8/mi²).

As of the census² of 2000, there are 589,141 people, 239,528 households, and 115,212 families residing in the city. In the winter, the Frog Pond at Boston Common doubles as a popular ice-skating rink. The outer suburbs of Boston, which tend to be forested, have vibrantly-colored foliage every autumn that attracts many tourtists. Mark Twain is quoted as saying If you don't like the weather in New England, just wait a few minutes. Boston is no exception to this rule.

(1,100 mm) of snowfall a year, though this increases dramatically as one goes inland away from the city. It also coincidentally averages 42 in. (1,100 mm) of rainfall a year. The city averages 42 in.

The coldest month is January with an average high of 35.6 °F (2 °C) and a low of 21.5 °F (−6 °C). The hottest month is August, with an average high of 80 °F (27 °C) and a low of 64 °F (18 °C). It has been known to snow in October and get quite warm in February. The summers are usually warm and humid, while the winters are cold and windy.

The weather in Boston, like much of New England, changes rapidly. The Neponset River forms the boundary between the city and its southeast neighbors, Quincy and Milton. To the east lies Boston Harbor and the Boston Harbor Islands, many of which are open to the public. The Charles River separates Boston from Cambridge, and Charlestown.

Boston is bordered by the cities of Revere, Chelsea, Everett, Somerville, Cambridge, Watertown, Newton, and Quincy, and the towns of Winthrop, Brookline, Needham, Dedham, Canton, and Milton. Only Beacon Hill, the smallest of the three original hills, remains partially intact. Much of the Back Bay, and South End are built on reclaimed land—two and a half of Boston's three original hills were used as a source of material for the landfill. The total area is 45.98% water.

125.4 km² (48.4 mi²) of it is land and 106.7 km² (41.2 mi²) of it is water. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 232.1 km² (89.6 mi²). Related articles. Despite these losses, Boston's ambiance has improved in recent years — city streets bustle with a vitality not seen since the 1920s, crime and poverty remain low for an American city, and once again Boston has become a hub of intellectual, technological, and political ideas.

Recently, Boston has experienced a loss of regional institutions and traditions, which once gave it a very distinct social character, as it has become part of the more homogenized BosWash megalopolis. Their execution sparked riots in London, Paris and Germany, and helped to reinforce the image of Boston as a hotbed of intolerance. On August 23, 1927, Italian anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti were sent to the electric chair after a seven-year trial in Boston. Today it is known as "The T" and is run by the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority.

Also, on September 1, 1897, the Tremont Street Subway opened as the first underground streetcar subway in North America. During the 1800s, the first medical school for women, The Boston Female Medical School (which later merged with the Boston University School of Medicine), opened in Boston on November 1, 1848. The city has several notable "firsts." Both the first school in America, Boston Latin School (1635), and the first college in America, Harvard College (1636), were founded in the early days of Boston. It was chartered as a city in 1822, and by the mid-1800s it was one of the largest manufacturing centers in the nation, noted for its garment production, leather goods, and machinery industries.

After the revolutionary war, the city became one of the world's wealthiest international trading ports, exporting products such as rum, fish, salt and tobacco. During this period, Paul Revere made his famous midnight ride. The Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, and several of the early battles of the Revolution (such as the Battle of Lexington and Concord, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston) occurred in or near the city. Boston played a key role in sparking both the American Revolution and the ensuing American Revolutionary War.

Indeed, Puritan values of hard work, moral uprightness, and education remain a part of Boston's culture. These values molded an extremely stable and well-structured society in Boston. Winthrop's sermon, "a City upon a Hill," captured this idea. Early colonists believed that Boston was a community with a special covenant with God.

Founded on September 17, 1630, on a peninsula called Shawmut by the Native Americans who lived there, Boston is named after Boston, England, a town in Lincolnshire from which several prominent colonists originated. Its history is inherently intertwined with the history of the United States. Boston has an illustrious history that spans nearly four centuries. Main article: History of Boston.

Greater Boston is one of the top-ten largest metropolitan areas in the United States, the fifteenth in the Americas, and the one of the top-fifty largest in the world. The Greater Boston metropolitan area, including nearby cities and towns such as Cambridge, Brookline, and Quincy as well as many suburban communities further from the city, has a population of approximately 5.8 million residents. As of the 2000 census, its population was 589,141. Its nicknames include "Beantown", "The Hub" (shortened from Oliver Wendell Holmes' phrase The Hub of the Universe), "The City of Higher Learning" (due to the plethora of universities and colleges in the Boston area) and The Athens of America, due to its great influence on cultural, intellectual, and political matters.

It is the unofficial capital of the region known as New England as well as one of the oldest and wealthiest cities in the United States, with an economy based on education, health care, finance, and high technology. The city is also the county seat of Suffolk County. Boston is the capital and the largest city in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. MLB.com (http://mlb.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/mlb/history/postseason/mlb_ws_recaps.jsp?feature=1903). Accessed June 1, 2005.

1903 World Series - Major League Baseball: World Series History. Accessed May 15, 2005. Skyscrapers.com (http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/?id=101045). Boston Skyscrapers.

Portland, Oregon. Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana. Taipei, Republic of China. Padua, Italy.

Haifa, Israel. Melbourne, Australia. Hangzhou, People's Republic of China. Barcelona, Spain.

Strasbourg, France. Kyoto, Japan. Faith from Buffy the Vampire Slayer, specifically South Boston. Sharon McKendrick and her mother Maggie from the 1961 version of the Parent Trap.

The characters from the TV sitcom Cheers. Trapper John McIntyre and Major Charles Emerson Winchester III from M*A*S*H. Manchester Airport in Manchester, New Hampshire. Green Airport in Providence, Rhode Island.

F. T. Hanscom Field in Lexington and Bedford. Boston Celtics (Basketball - National Basketball Association).

Boston Bruins (Ice hockey - National Hockey League). USS Constitution. Paul Revere's House. Old North Church.

Old State House. Massachusetts State House. Granary Burying Ground. Faneuil Hall.

Bunker Hill Monument. Boston Common, with the Boston Public Garden being adjacent. Channel 68 - WBPX (PAX). Channel 62 - WMFP (Shop At Home).

Channel 56 - WLVI (WB). Channel 48 - WYDN (DayStar). Channel 46 - WWDP (ShopNBC). Channel 38 - WSBK (UPN).

PBS - WGBH Channel 2, which also operates WGBX channel 44, is a major producer of PBS programs. FOX - WFXT Channel 25. NBC - WHDH Channel 7. ABC - WCVB Channel 5.

CBS - WBZ Channel 4. Specifically, "12 Prospero Place, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.". Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events movie takes place in Boston, as seen on the envelope at the end of the movie. Zodiac, by Neal Stephenson; an eco-thriller focusing on industrial pollution in the Boston Harbor.

The Sound and the Fury, by William Faulkner; part of the story finds its setting in Boston. The Handmaid's Tale, by Margaret Atwood; post-nuclear Cambridge and Boston are the setting of this dystopian novel. Looking Backward, utopian novel written in 1887 and set in Boston in 2000. The Bostonians, by Henry James; life in aristocratic Boston during the late nineteenth century.

The Da Vinci Code, by Dan Brown; Boston is the home of protagonist Robert Langdon. Parker. The Spenser detective novels, by Robert B. Curley.

The Last Hurrah, by Edwin O'Connor; O'Connor's 1956 account of big-city politics, inspired by the career of longtime Boston Mayor James M. Walk East on Beacon!. What's the Worst That Could Happen?. Vig (Money Kings).

The Verdict. Un Ballo in Maschera, Opera by Giuseppe Verdi. Thomas Crown Affair. Still We Believe: The Boston Red Sox Movie.

The Paper Chase. Night School. Next Stop Wonderland. Mystic River.

Monument Ave.. Love Story. Legally Blonde. Harvard Man.

Good Will Hunting. The Friends of Eddie Coyle. Fever Pitch. Coma.

The Brink's Job. The Boondock Saints. Blue Hill Avenue. Blown Away.

Blow. Boston LBGT Pride parade and festival (http://www.bostonpride.org/). Boston Marathon, the world-famous 26-mile run. Saint Patrick's Day Parade.

Fourth of July on the Esplanade (fireworks and music on a massive scale). First Night (http://www.firstnight.org/) Boston's major New Year's Eve arts and activity festival, attracting over 1.5m people. Siege of Boston. Battle of Lexington and Concord.

Boston Tea Party. Boston Massacre. American Revolutionary War. American Revolution.