Martin Van Buren

Correction: John Quincy Adams, the 6th President of the United States, was actually the earliest President of whom a photograph exists, though it was not taken until 1843. In 2003, Ford's death was incorrectly announced by CNN when his pre-written obituary (along with those of several other famous figures) was inadvertently published on CNN's web site due to a lapse in password protection. Martin Van Buren is the earliest President of whom of a photograph exists though it was taken years after his presidency between 1840 and 1862. When New York Republican Governor George Pataki named the living former presidents as honorary members of the board rebuilding the World Trade Center, he was unaware of Ford's health decline in the recent months. One of his most well known nicknames was Old Kinderhook, claimed to be a possible origin for OK, the popular expression in the English language and other languages of the West. Bush in 2005. Van Buren had several different nicknames during his lifetime, including Martin Van Ruin, Log Cabin Democrat and The Little Magician. He was the only living former president not to attend the second inauguration of President George W.

Van Buren appointed the following Justices to the Supreme Court of the United States:. Former president Bill Clinton told Larry King in an interview that Ford had confided that he now feels uncomfortable when flying in aircraft.
. In addition, Ford was the only living former president not to attend ceremonies for the opening of the Bill Clinton Presidential Library in Little Rock, Arkansas. His last words were: "There is but one reliance...". He was, for the first time in his political life, unable to attend a Republican National Convention when he didn't attend the 2004 Republican National Convention in New York City. on July 24, 1862. Though he gave an interview to Larry King in June 2004, attended the funeral of former President Reagan, and spoke at ceremonies commemorating the 30th anniversary of his swearing-in in August 2004, Ford has appeared increasingly frail – and this may have caused him to cut back on his formerly busy schedule.

Martin Van Buren died of bronchial asthma and heart failure at his Lindenwald estate in Kinderhook at 2:00 a.m. Recently, there has been ongoing speculation regarding Ford's health. In the election of 1860 he voted for the fusion ticket in New York which was opposed to Abraham Lincoln, but he could not approve of President Buchanan's course in dealing with secession, and eventually supported Lincoln. Ford has also endorsed civil unions for gay couples, and urged Republicans not support the impeachment of President Bill Clinton in the late 1990s. In 1848 he was again nominated, first by the "Barnburner" faction of the Democrats, then by the Free Soilers, with whom the "Barnburners" coalesced, but no electoral vote was won by the party. Although he had taken a more centrist-to-conservative stance on the matter while campaigning for president in 1976, Ford has emerged as a leading pro-choice Republican on abortion rights; he has been an advisor to Republicans for Choice, and told Larry King in an interview that he shared in his wife's outspoken support of reproductive rights. In the Democratic convention, though he had a majority of the votes, he did not have the two-thirds which the convention required, and after eight ballots his name was withdrawn. Ford has been outspoken on a variety of political issues confronting the nation since leaving office.

He confidently expected to be nominated for president in 1844, and his famous letter of April 27, in which he frankly opposed the immediate annexation of Texas, though doubtless contributing greatly to his defeat, was not made public until he felt practically sure of the nomination. Ford has remained popular as a caricature in his retirement, with such icons as Saturday Night Live and the Simpsons continuing to lampoon him, but despite his taking these in good humor has chosen to continue to respect the office by not appearing on those shows as himself. It was even proposed to make him a member of the Federal Supreme Court in order to get him out of political life. Ford School of Public Policy in honor of Ford's lifetime of public service. On the expiration of his term, Van Buren retired to his estate, Lindenwald, in the town of Kinderhook, but he did not withdraw from politics or cease to be a figure of national importance. In 1999, the School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan was renamed the Gerald R. The revolt against Democratic rule was undoubtedly serious, but a study of the popular vote shows that the election of Harrison, the Whig candidate, was less of a revolution than many affected to think. Ford has remained an avid fan of Michigan football and delivered a videotaped message before Michigan and Ohio State played their 100th game in 2003.

Charged with being "a Northern man with Southern principles," he was frequently interrogated and attacked with the nickname Martin Van Ruin during the campaign, and his nomination obviously failed to arouse enthusiasm or even inspire confidence. Ford Library in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Nevertheless, Van Buren was unanimously renominated by the Democrats in 1840 Despite his having overseen the trail of tears. Ford Museum in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and the Gerald R. The state elections of 1837 and 1838 were disastrous for the Democrats, and the partial recovery in 1839 was offset by a second commercial crisis in that year. In 1981 he opened the Gerald R. No exhibition of ability or courage, however, nor yet the "most skilful manipulation of the political machinery of the party," could prevent continued hostility to him and to the methods for which he was widely believed to stand. Ford has remained relatively active as a former President, and during his post-presidential years he continued to make appearances at events of historical and ceremonial significance to the nation, such as presidential inaugurals and memorial services.

Van Buren announced his intention "to follow in the footsteps of his illustrious predecessor," took over all but one of Jackson's cabinet, and met with statesmanlike firmness the commercial crisis of 1837, already prepared for before he took office. Bush, and Bill Clinton) as honorary members of the board rebuilding the World Trade Center. Van Buren's presidential victory represented more of a victory for Jackson rather than for Van Buren. W. Calhoun, bitterly hostile to the last, objected to the usual vote of thanks to the retiring vice-president, but withdrew his objection. On November 22, 2004, New York Republican Governor George Pataki named Ford and the other living former presidents (Jimmy Carter, George H. He expressed himself plainly on the questions of slavery and the bank, at the same time voting, perhaps with a touch of bravado, for a bill offered in 1836 to subject abolition literature in the mails to the laws of the several states. Nixon," and leading the country through the tumultuous times of the late 1970s.

In May 1835 Van Buren was unanimously nominated by the Democratic convention at Baltimore. Ford was cited for his "controversial decision of conscience to pardon former President Richard M. Jackson was now determined to make Van Buren president in 1836, and bent all his energies to that end. Kennedy Library Foundation for political courage. In the election of 1832 he received 189 electoral votes, while Jackson received 219 for President. Kennedy Profile in Courage Award, a presigious award given by the John F. This is one possible origin of the expression "OK," although there are many other possible origins and the topic is much disputed. In 2001 Ford was awarded the John F.

During Van Buren's presidential campaign the Democratic Party popularized his nickname "Old Kinderhook," which was abbreviated as "OK." Supporters' groups known as "OK Clubs" were set up. Ford International Airport in Grand Rapids, Michigan was named after him in December 1999. His declarations during the campaign were vague regarding the tariff and unfavorable to the United States Bank and to nullification, but he had already somewhat placated the South by denying the right of Congress to abolish slavery in the District of Columbia without the consent of the slave states. The Gerald R. No platform was adopted, the widespread popularity of Jackson being relied upon to win success at the polls. Ford was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Bill Clinton in 1999 for his efforts to heal the nation after the Watergate scandal. In May, the Democratic convention, the first held by that party, had nominated him for vice-president on the Jackson ticket, despite the strong opposition to him which existed in many states. He was hospitalized twice for dizziness in 2003.

After a brief tour on through Europe, Van Buren reached New York on July 5. While attending the 2000 Republican National Convention, Ford suffered two mild strokes, but has subsequently recovered. The rejection, ostensibly attributed in large part to Van Buren's instructions to Louis McLane, the American minister to England, regarding the opening of the West Indies trade, in which reference had been made to the results of the election of 1828, was in fact the work of Calhoun, the vice-president; and when the vote was taken enough of the majority refrained from voting to produce a tie and give Calhoun his longed-for "vengeance." No greater impetus than this could have been given to Van Buren's candidacy for the vice-presidency. Bush, who had rivaled him for the presidential nomination. He was cordially received, but in February learned that his nomination had been rejected by the Senate on January 25. W. In August, he was appointed minister to England, and arrived in London in September. On the day a Vice President was to be nominated, however, Reagan could not convince Ford to join him on the ticket and instead chose George H.

In April 1831, Van Buren resigned, though he did not leave office until June. At the 1980 Republican National Convention, Ford was nearly nominated to return to service as Vice President under nominee Ronald Reagan. Jackson in December 1829 had already made known his own wish that Van Buren should receive the nomination. Had Ford won the election, he would have been disqualified by the 22nd amendment from running in 1980 because he served more than two years of Nixon's term. After the breach between Jackson and Calhoun, Van Buren was clearly the most prominent candidate for the vice-presidency. On 30 October 1975, his refusal to sanction federal aid for the city of New York led The New York Daily News to paraphrase their perception of Ford's attitude in the headline "Ford to City: Drop Dead". In the controversy with the Bank of the United States, he sided with Jackson. Carter replied that he would like to see Ford convince Czech-Americans and Polish-Americans that their countries did not live under Soviet domination.

No diplomatic questions of the first magnitude arose during Van Buren's service as Secretary of State, but the settlement of long-standing claims against France was prepared for, and trade with the British West Indies colonies was opened. Additionally, Ford made a major gaffe during the second presidential election debate when he insisted that Eastern Europe was not dominated by the Soviet Union. He skillfully avoided entanglement in the Jackson-Calhoun imbroglio. His campaign may also have been hampered by a strong challenge that year for the nomination in the Republican party by Ronald Reagan. He did not oppose Jackson in the matter of removals from office but was not himself an active "spoilsman," and he protested strongly against the appointment of Samuel Swartwout (1783-1856), who was later a defaulter to a large amount as collector of the port of New York. It is believed that Ford's pardoning of Nixon, along with the continuing economic problems, cost him the election of 1976. Eaton (Peggy Eaton), wife of the Secretary of War, with whom the wives of the cabinet officers had refused to associate.
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John H. Ford appointed the following Justice to the Supreme Court of the United States:. As Secretary of State, Van Buren took care to keep on good terms with the "kitchen cabinet," the group of politicians who acted as Jackson's advisers, and won the lasting regard of Jackson by his courtesies to Mrs.
. On March 5, he was appointed by President Jackson as secretary of state, an office which probably had been assured to him before the election, and he resigned the governorship. Seventeen days later, another woman – Sara Jane Moore – also tried to kill Ford in San Francisco; but her shooting attempt was thwarted by a bystander, Oliver Sipple.
. In 1828, Van Buren was elected governor of New York for the term beginning on January 1, 1829, and resigned his seat in the Senate. No shots were fired, though, and nobody was injured.

He was now one of the recognized managers of the Jackson campaign, and a tour of Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia in the spring of 1827 won support for Jackson from Crawford. While in Sacramento, California on September 5, 1975, a follower of incarcerated cult leader Charles Manson named Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme pointed a Colt .45-caliber handgun at Ford's stomach as he was shaking hands with well-wishers. In February 1827, he was re-elected to the Senate by a large majority. [2]
. Van Buren was not an orator, but his more important speeches show careful preparation and his opinions carried weight; the oft-repeated charge that he refrained from declaring himself on crucial questions is hardly borne out by an examination of his senatorial career. On 29 April and the morning of 30 April 1975 the American embassy in Saigon was evacuated, amidst chaotic scenes. In the debate on the "tariff of abominations" in 1828, he took no part but voted for the measure in obedience to instructions from the New York legislature — an action which was cited against him as late as the presidential campaign of 1844. Ford's presidency also saw the final withdrawal of American personnel from Vietnam, in 'Operation Frequent Wind'.

As chairman of the Judiciary Committee, he brought forward a number of measures for the improvement of judicial procedure and in May 1826 joined with Benton in presenting a report on executive patronage. It is believed that approximately sixty Khmer Rouge soldiers were killed out of a land and sea force of about 300. At the same time he opposed internal improvements and declined to support the proposal for a Panama Congress. In all phases of the operation, fifty service men were wounded and forty-one killed, including three men believed to have been left behind alive and subsequently executed and twenty-three Air Force personnel killed earlier while en route to the staging area at Utapao, Thailand. Always notably courteous in his treatment of opponents, he showed no bitterness either towards John Quincy Adams or Henry Clay and voted for Clay's confirmation as Secretary of State, notwithstanding the "corrupt bargain" charge. Ford dispatched Marines to rescue the crew, but the Marines landed on the wrong island and met unexpectedly stiff resistance just as, unknown to the US, the Mayaguez sailors were being released. After the election, Van Buren sought to bring the Crawford and Jackson followers together and strengthened his control as a party leader in the Senate. In May 1975, shortly after the Khmer Rouge took power in Cambodia, Cambodians seized an American merchant ship, the Mayaguez, in international waters.

He recognized early the potential of Andrew Jackson as a presidential candidate. Ford also faced a foreign policy crisis with the Mayaguez Incident. Crawford and received the electoral vote of Georgia for vice-president, but he shrewdly kept out of the acrimonious controversy which followed the choice of John Quincy Adams as President. Ford and Congress battled over legislation, with Ford vetoing scores of Democratic bills.
. In the presidential election of 1824, he appeared as a strong supporter of William H. In the aftermath of Watergate, the Democrats scored major gains in both the House and the Senate in the 1974 elections. He voted for the tariff of 1824 then gradually abandoned the protectionist position. The economic focus began to change as the country sank into a mild recession, and in March 1975, Ford and Congress signed into law income tax rebates to help boost the economy.

Van Buren at first favored internal improvements and in 1824 proposed a constitutional amendment to authorize such undertakings, but the next year he took ground against them. At the time inflation was around 7%, a relatively modest number in retrospect, but still enough to discourage investment and push capital overseas and into government bonds. His course in the Senate was not altogether consistent, though in this respect he is not to be judged more harshly than some of his associates. However, most people recognized this as simply a public relations gimmick without offering any effective means of solving the underlying problem. Before taking his seat he served also as a member of the state constitutional convention, where he opposed the grant of universal suffrage. In response to rising inflation, Ford went before the American public on television in October 1974 and asked them to "whip inflation now" (WIN); as part of this program, he urged people to wear "WIN" buttons. In February 1821, Van Buren was elected to the United States Senate. The economy was a great concern during the Ford administration.

Van Buren did not originate the system, but won the nickname of "Little Magician" for the skill with which he exploited it. Ford explained that he felt the pardon was in the best interests of the country; many historians believe it cost him the election in 1976. He was a leading member of the "Albany Regency," a group of politicians who for more than a generation controlled the politics of New York and powerfully influenced those of the nation, and which did more than any other agency to make the "spoils system" a recognized procedure in national, state and local affairs. On September 8, 1974 Ford gave Nixon a full and unconditional pardon for any crimes he may have committed while President or, indeed, for anything else he might have done. It is at this point that Van Buren's connection began with so-called "machine politics". On August 20 Ford nominated former New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller to fill the Vice Presidency he had vacated, again under the 25th Amendment. In the same year, he was chosen a presidential elector. When Nixon then resigned in the wake of the Watergate scandal on August 9, 1974, Ford assumed the presidency, proclaiming that "our long national nightmare is over".

His attitude towards slavery at the moment was shown by his vote, in January 1820, for a resolution opposing the admission of Missouri as a slave state. He cited the many achievements of President Nixon and dismissed Watergate as a media event and a tragic sideshow. He broke with De Witt Clinton in 1813, but nevertheless favored, in 1817, Clinton's plan for the Erie Canal. Ford traveled widely as Vice President and made many speeches defending the embattled President. He was chosen to draft the resolution of thanks voted by the legislature to General Andrew Jackson after the Battle of New Orleans. Ford had long been one of President Nixon's most outspoken supporters (someone joked once that "He is one of the few people who not only admires Nixon, but actually likes him!"). As a member of the state Senate he supported the War of 1812 and drew up a classification act for the enrollment of volunteers. The United States Senate voted 92 to 3 to confirm Ford on November 27, 1973 and on December 6, the House confirmed him 387 to 35.

He had already, in 1808, moved from Kinderhook to Hudson, and in 1816 he took up his residence in Albany, where he continued to reside until he entered Jackson's cabinet in 1829. After Vice President Spiro Agnew resigned during Richard Nixon's presidency, on October 10, 1973, Nixon nominated Ford to take Agnew's place, under the 25th Amendment - the first time it was applied. In 1815 he became the state attorney general, an office which he held, still as a member of the Senate, until 1819, when he was displaced to make room for a Federalist. Ford made a speech charging Douglas with criminal activities and with promoting rebellion in his writings. His career in the New York Senate covered two terms (1812-1820). Douglas, who was a Justice on the United States Supreme Court. In 1812 he entered the state Senate, and he also became a member of the Court for the Correction of Errors, the highest court in New York until 1847. Ford also led an effort to impeach William O.

Van Buren, who allied himself early with the Clintonians, was surrogate of Columbia County from 1808 until 1813, when he was removed. Many in the press jokingly called this "The Ev and Jerry Show". Federalist control after 1799 depended upon coalition with one or other of these groups. The two men proposed Republican alternatives to President Johnson's policies. Livingston and Aaron Burr. Ford appeared on a televised series of press conferences with famed Illinois Senator Everett Dirksen that became very popular. The Republicans were divided into three factions: followers of George Clinton (and later of his nephew, De Witt Clinton), Robert R. Ford charged that the President was meddling in the war effort and not letting the military do its job.

New York politics after 1800, the year of the election of Jefferson and the downfall of the Federalists, were particularly bitter and personal. He made a speech attacking Johnson's Vietnam war policies called "Why are we pulling our punches in Vietnam?". His practice made him financially independent, and paved the way for his entrance into politics. He often attacked the "Great Society" programs of President Lyndon Johnson as unneeded or wasteful. In 1803 he was admitted to the bar and continued in active and successful practice for twenty-five years. During the eight years (1965–1973) he served as Minority Leader, Ford won many friends in the House due to his fair leadership and inoffensive personality. Van Buren made the acquaintance of Burr, but did not fall under his influence. Today Ford is the only surviving member of the Commission, and continues to stand behind its conclusions.

In 1796 he began the study of law, completing his preparation in 1802 in New York, where he studied under William Peter van Ness (1778-1826), an eminent lawyer and later Aaron Burr's second in the duel with Alexander Hamilton. The Commission eventually concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald had acted alone in killing the President, a conclusion sometimes disparaged by conspiracy theorists as the "Lone Nut Theory". Martin's education was limited to that which could be obtained in the common schools and at Kinderhook Academy. Kennedy. His mother was Maria Hoes (February 27, 1747–February 16, 1817) who also had children from a previous marriage. During his tenure, Ford was chosen to serve on the Warren Commission, a special task force set up to investigate the causes of, and quell rumors regarding the assassination of President John F. Martin's father was Abraham van Buren (February 17, 1737–April 8, 1817), a farmer and popular tavern-keeper. Ford won an award in 1961 as a "Congressman's Congressman" that praised his committee work on military budgets.

His great-great-great-grandfather Cornelis had come to the New World in 1631 from the Netherlands. During his first campaign, he visited farmers and promised he would work on their farms and milk their cows if elected - a promise which he apparently fulfilled [1]. Van Buren was born in the village of Kinderhook, New York, twenty miles south of Albany, the state capital. He always stayed in close touch with the people of Grand Rapids. . Ford was very popular with the voters in his district and was always re-elected with 60% margins. He was the first President born after the signing of the Declaration of Independence, the first of non-Anglo descent, and the only President to date whose first language has not been English (it was Dutch). Ford was a member of the House of Representatives for 24 years from 1949 to 1973, and became Minority Leader of the Republican Party in the House.

Martin Van Buren (December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862), nicknamed Old Kinderhook, was the eighth President of the United States. Ford spent the remainder of the war ashore and was discharged as a lieutenant commander in February 1946. presidential election, 1840. The ship, which was severely damaged by the storm and a resulting fire, had to be taken out of service. U.S. He came within inches of being swept overboard while the storm raged. presidential election, 1836. His closest call with death came not as a result of enemy fire, however, but during a vicious typhoon in the Philippine Sea in December 1944.

U.S. He was first assigned as athletic director and gunnery division officer, then as assistant navigator with the Monterey, which took part in most of the major operations in the South Pacific, including Truk, Saipan, and the Philippines. presidential election, 1832. In the spring of 1943 he began service in the light aircraft carrier USS Monterey (CVL-26). U.S. After an orientation program at Annapolis, he became a physical fitness instructor at a pre- flight school in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Peter Vivian Daniel - 1842. Naval Reserve receiving a commission as an ensign.

John McKinley - 1838. In April 1942 Ford joined the U.S. John Catron - 1837. He is quoted for saying, "I am the first Eagle Scout President!". He always regarded this as one of his proudest accomplishments even after attaining the White House. Ford joined the Boy Scouts as a child and attained the highest rank of Eagle Scout.

Ford graduated from law school in 1941, having coached football and boxing part time to pay for school. This petition was circulated nationally and was the inspiration for America First, a group determined to keep America out of World War II. as they signed a petition to enforce the 1939 Neutrality Act. Douglas Stuart, Jr.

While at the Yale Law School, Ford joined a group of students led by R. After graduating the following spring, he turned down contract offers from the Detroit Lions and Green Bay Packers of the National Football League. (His number 48 jersey has since been retired by the school.) At Michigan he joined Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity and earned money for expenses by washing dishes at the fraternity house. A three-year letterman, Ford helped the Wolverines to undefeated seasons in 1932 and 1933 and was voted the team's most valuable player in 1934.

Ford grew up in Grand Rapids, Michigan and starred as a center playing American football for the University of Michigan. Presidents to have been adopted. He and Democrat Bill Clinton are the only two U.S. His parents divorced two years after he was born, and his mother remarried to Gerald Ford, after whom he was renamed despite never being formally adopted by his step-father.

Ford was born to Leslie Lynch King and Dorothy Ayer Gardner in Omaha, Nebraska. . He will surpass Hoover if he lives to or beyond September 7, 2008. He also has the second longest retirement among presidents at 28 years, behind Herbert Hoover.

president. Should Ford live to or beyond November 11, 2006, he will become the longest-lived U.S. history. At present, Ford is the second longest-lived president in U.S.

President (after Ronald Reagan) to reach his 92nd birthday. On July 14, 2005, he became the second former U.S. As of 2005, he is the oldest living former President. Along with his own vice president, Nelson Rockefeller, he is one of only two people to have been appointed Vice President rather than elected.

When Nixon resigned on noon of August 9, 1974, Ford assumed the presidency. Instead, following the resignation of Spiro Agnew in 1973, he was nominated as Vice President by Richard Nixon and approved by both houses of Congress (not just the Senate, as is the procedure for Cabinet members, Supreme Court justices, and most other federal officials), in keeping with provisions of the 25th Amendment. He remains the only individual to serve as President without ever having been elected to either the presidency or vice presidency. Gerald Rudolph Ford, Jr. (born July 14, 1913) (born Leslie Lynch King, Jr., renamed after his mother's remarriage) was the fortieth (1973–1974) Vice President and the thirty-eighth (1974–1977) President of the United States.

The focus is on Soviet-American relations, including the Vladivostok summit, Helsinki Conference, Angola, detente, and the role of Henry Kissinger.]. 76-201. [Memoir - Information on his Ford administration work in the State Department and on the National Security Council staff appears on pp. New York: Random House, 1987.

Mortal Rivals: Superpower Relations From Nixon to Reagan. Hyland, William. Reprinted in Hersey's book "Aspects of the Presidency: Truman and Ford in Office," New Haven, Ticknor and Fields, 1980.]. Originally appeared in the "New York Times Magazine," April 20, 1975.

[A writer examines President Ford's activities during one week in March 1975. New York: Knopf, 1975. The President: A Minute-by-Minute Account of a Week in the Life of Gerald Ford. Hersey, John.

Chapters 7–16 concern his work as a White House Counsellor and supervisor of the speechwriting unit.]. Several chapters concern his work as an assistant to Congressman and Vice President Ford. [Memoir. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1980.

Palace Politics: An Insider's Account of the Ford Years. Hartmann, Robert T. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1995. Ford.

The Presidency of Gerald R. Greene, John Robert. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992. The Limits of Power: The Nixon and Ford Administrations.

Greene, John Robert. Ford that took place at Hofstra University in April 1989.]. [Proceedings of a conference on the presidency of Gerald R. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1993.

Firestone and Alexej Ugrinsky. Ford and the Politics of Post-Watergate America, edited by Bernard J. Gerald R. Photographs selected by Audiovisual Archivist Ken Hafeli.].

Mackaman, Leesa Tobin, and David Horrocks of the Ford Library. [Sections written by Frank H. Washington, DC: National Archives Trust Fund Board, 1994. Ford: Presidential Perspectives from the National Archives.

Gerald R. [Interviews with Ford administration officials.]. Lanham, MA: University Press of America, 1988. Portraits of American Presidents, VII.

Thompson. The Ford Presidency: Twenty-Two Intimate Perspectives of Gerald Ford, Edited by Kenneth W. [Memoir mainly concerning his presidency.]. New York: Harper & Row, 1979.

Ford. A Time to Heal: The Autobiography of Gerald R. Ford, Gerald R. [A collection of speeches Ford delivered between 1965 and 1972 concerning politics and domestic and foreign affairs.].

Beatty, 1973. Arlington, VA: R.W. Selected Speeches. Ford, Gerald R.

The book emphasizes personal and family experiences rather than political events.]. Ford's memoir - chapters 22- 37 concern her husband's presidency. [Mrs. New York: Harper & Row, 1978.

The Times of My Life. Ford, Betty. Chapter 7 concerns his service as a Ford speechwriter, August 1974–February 1975.]. [Memoir.

New York: Doubleday, 1979. Fall in and Cheer. Coyne, John R. [Annual volumes reviewing activities or issues.].

Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, 1974-1976. Presidency. Congressional Quarterly, Inc. [Background on Ford's political career and legislative record prior to becoming President, including his statements on major issues.].

Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly, 1974. President Ford: The Man and His Record. Congressional Quarterly, Inc. It covers the period from November 1974 to January 1976.].

[Memoir by a speechwriter for President Ford. Boulder, CO: Colorado Associated University Press, 1977. The Ford White House: Diary of a Speechwriter. Casserly, John J.

[Chapters 1-3 concern Ford's early life and election to Congress; chapters 4–7 his congressional career; chapters 8–11 Watergate; chapters 12–19 concern Ford's appointment as Vice President, his vice presidency, the move to impeach Richard Nixon, and the transition to the presidency; chapter 20 concerns the Nixon pardon; and chapter 21 is a summary of the Ford presidency.]. New York: HarperCollins, 1993. Ford's Appointment with History. Time and Chance: Gerald R.

Cannon, James. John Paul Stevens: 1975.