Lou Reed

He is often seen in the company of fellow artist Laurie Anderson. Only records which charted are listed. It reached #10 in the UK singles chart. This does not include collaborations with Cliff Richard, nor solo recordings, nor those made under the name Marvin Welch & Farrar. In 2004, a remix of his song, "Satellite of Love" (called "Satellite of Love '04") was released. From British Hit Singles & Albums, 17th Edition (except Life Story). In 2003, he released a 2-CD set, The Raven, based on the works of Edgar Allan Poe. Marvin declined the same offer for personal reasons.

In 2001 he was the victim of a hoax claiming he had died of a heroin overdose. Also at this time, it was revealed that Bruce Welch and Brian Bennett were to receive the O.B.E. In 1997 over thirty artists covered "Perfect Day" for the BBC's "Children in Need" appeal. A further (European) farewell tour is planned for 2005. Reed continued on those dark notes with Magic and Loss, an album about mortality. After having not performed as Cliff and the Shadows since 1989/1990, Cliff joined the Shadows on stage on June 14, 2004, at the London Palladium. Touchingly affectionate and painfully confessional, often witty, Reed's vocals blister when singing of alleged medical errors and Valerie Solanas' 1968 assassination attempt on Warhol. The last one, at London's Palladium, concluded their 45 year career.

When one-time Velvet Underground patron and producer Andy Warhol died after a routine surgery, Reed closed a 25-year hiatus to collaborate with fellow ex-VU John Cale on Songs for Drella, a Warhol biography in minimalist pop music. In 2004, The Shadows did their final tour in Britain (37 concerts). Reed fired an angry salvo at his hometown's political problems on the hit album New York, denouncing crime, high rents, Jesse Jackson, even Pope John Paul II and Kurt Waldheim. He also produced and wrote for the Who's Roger Daltrey. He married Sylvia Morales (later divorced). This did however lead to the first performances of the shadows with a live keyboard player, something they have stuck with ever since, even after Bruce re-joined. The Shadows reunited with Cliff in 1978 and 1984 and 1988 for more concerts, and toured and recorded frequently throughout the 1980s. In the early 1980s, Reed gave up the drugs and depravity, both in his work and in his private life, to address more serious concerns, notably on his acclaimed comeback album The Blue Mask. The Shadows split in 1968, leading to a commercially successful Japanese tour (which Hank Marvin says he did 'for the Yen') though this was not an artistic success due to the absence of Bruce Welch on rhythm guitar.

His albums of the late 1970s are often regarded as a mixed affair by rock critics, owing at least partly to the addictions that were then overtaking Reed. A number of other strong albums were produced, and in 1979 he went to number one with We Don't Talk Anymore, produced by Bruce Welch and written by former Shadow Alan Tarney. Though admitting that the liner notes' list of instruments used is fictitious and parodistic, Reed maintains that MMM was and is a serious album. People like Jimmy Page, Eric Clapton, and Elton John began being seen sporting big "I'm Nearly Famous" badges on their clothes, so pleased that their icon was getting heavily back into the heavy rock that he began his career in. The rock journalist Lester Bangs declared it genius. It wasn't just Cliff and the fans who were excited that the man who had begun and led British rock from the start, was back in strength, but also a host of big music names. Some regarded it as an attempt to break his record company contract. The collaboration produced the landmark Cliff album "I'm Nearly Famous", which brought about the classic rock guitar driven track "Devil Woman" and the haunting "Miss You Nights",.

In 1975, he produced the double studio album of pure feedback Metal Machine Music. He was in everyone's homes, and gave enjoyment to all the family, and although still recording and being successful, Cliff and others like his former Shadow Bruce Welch decided that they would once again bring Cliff out as a "rock" artist again. Reed's persona was also far advanced, preferring black leather and S&M-like gear even in the hippie-infested 1960s. The tv shows made Cliff into a tv personality and not necessarily primarily a recording singer. In his chosen material Reed followed, and updated, such authors as Allen Ginsberg and Jean Genet. During the 1970s, Cliff became heavily involved in tv shows, like 'It's Cliff Richard', many of which also starred Hank Marvin in comedy sketches. "Perfect Day" is an elegiac paean to Reed's addiction to heroin, later included on the soundtrack to Trainspotting. The Beatles had became huge once America took to them, and this in turn opened up the path across the Atlantic.

"Walk on the Wild Side" is a wry and graphic salute to the misfits, male hustlers and transvestites at Andy Warhol's Factory. Throughout the '60s, Cliff and the Shadows stayed at the top, even at the height of Mersey music, however they did not have the advantage the new acts had of being able to release music and having it go directly to the USA as well. Popular music would not catch up to him until the punks in the mid- to late-1970s, but even then his songs were unique: whether drenched in feedback or gently melodic, Reed usually sang about the disturbing, if not sordid, things other lyricists left out. The record set the Shadows on a path of their own, and soon became the greatest instrumental group of all time. Reed's chosen subject matter was far ahead of its time. Again, although people claim the distinction between Cliff and the Shadows, it was still Cliff and the Shadows, as Cliff played un-credited bongo drums on the recording, but didn't put his name to it. This, one of the more depressing albums ever made, includes "Caroline Says II" (violence), "The Kids" (prostitution and drug addiction), "The Bed" (suicide) and, unsurprisingly, "Sad Song.". In 1960, the Shadows (though having previously recorded as the Drifters without Cliff) released 'Apache', which saw the birth of British rock guitar instrumental music.

He followed this with Berlin, which tells something like a love story of two junkies in the city of the same name. In fact, a great number of the songs sung by Cliff and the Shadows were written by the Shadows (and sometimes Cliff). In 1972 Reed, now a solo artist, released the glam rock album Transformer, produced by David Bowie. Cliff was led to record sometimes without the Shadows, mainly to cater for other styles, and this helped to give people the incorrect view that Cliff was now separate and the Shadows merely backed HIS songs. Though internally unstable (breaking up in 1970) and never commercially viable, the VU's reputation as the ultimate, most influential underground band has remained intact. The film was not a commercial success, but is very popular with aficionados. Reed moved to New York City, working as a songwriter for Pickwick Records, and co-formed The Velvet Underground as lead guitarist/vocalist/lyricist. Arguably, Cliff's best lead role took place in the mid-late '60s film "Two a Penny", which saw Cliff as a young man who gets involved in drug dealing while questioning his life after his girlfriend changes in her attitudes.

Reed said later his goals were "to bring the sensitivities of the novel to rock music," or to write the Great American Novel in a record album. Cliff and the Shadows appeared in a number of films, most notably in The Young Ones (which would give its name to 1980s TV sitcom (The Young Ones), Summer Holiday, Wonderful Life and Finders Keepers. Reed also developed a taste for free jazz and experimental music. The Shadows would later cover several Beatles tracks and also recorded a song 'Liverpool Days' about the Beatles and their work. Reed attended Syracuse University where he met poet Delmore Schwartz, who Reed credits for his simple poetic vernacular and the encouragement to become a writer. Paul McCartney originally wrote 'Here There And Everywhere' as a Shadows Song, and the Lennon-Harrison instrumental 'Cry For A Shadow' was clearly inspired by the band. Reed was a fan of rock and rhythm and blues, playing in several high school rock bands, and had recorded a doo wop-style single as a member of The Shades. The Beatles were taken to Cliff and the Shadows concerts and instructed about clothes/ stage presence and various other things, and being of the same fold at Abbey Road, were good friends with the band.

Reed was born in Freeport, Long Island, New York. Groups were even trained by following how they did things. He lives in New York City. Most well known groups of the 1960s and 1970s started off as imitators of Cliff and the Shadows, singing and playing only Cliff and the Shadows' material, even to the extent of copying their dance steps. Lewis Allen Reed, known as Lou Reed (born March 2, 1942), is a rock'n'roll singer-songwriter with a lasting musical influence on punk and alternative rock. Reed has toured and recorded almost continuously since 1965. It was due to them that Parlophone were looking for a 'second' Cliff and the Shadows, and eventually took the Beatles. Rockin' on Broadway (The Time/Brent/Shad Story) (2000, includes first recordings with The Jades [1958] and solo [1962]). Cliff and the Shadows basically re-wrote convention in British recording companies and opened EMI up to the importance and strength of rock 'n' roll.

September Songs (The Music Of Kurt Weill) (1997). It was the same with their appearances on the Ed Sullivan Show (which was responsible for much of the Beatles' success, but didn't really help Cliff and the Shadows). Till The Night Is Gone: A Tribute To Doc Pomus (1995). and so the chances were lost. Bright Red, Laurie Anderson (1994). The problem was that the record company didn't get behind them strongly enough with distributing albums etc. Sweet Relief: A Benefit For Victoria Williams (1993). They toured the United States and stole the show even over all of the accompanying American acts of the time.

Le Bataclan '72 with John Cale & Nico (2004). In the period between 1958-1963, Cliff Richard and the Shadows were the biggest thing in Britain. Songs for Drella with John Cale (1990). Farrar also wrote and co-wrote songs with The Shadows, and also co-produced. Animal Serenade (2004). It says something for the genorosity of Hank Marvin that he allowed Farrar to share lead guitar duties on many tracks, producing the notable instrumental album Rockin' With Curly Leads. Extended Versions (2003). Farrar was like a breath of fresh air, bringing new ideas and sounds to the group, as well as a third lead vocalist.

American Poet (2001). Later on the Shadows used a number of other people in studio recordings and stage such as Alan Tarney, however their other official member was John Farrar, who was part of the Shadows, Marvin and Farrar, and Marvin Welch and Farrar. Perfect Night: Live in London (1998). Soon after, John Rostill replaced Locking on bass. Live in Concert (1997). In 1961, Brian Bennett from Marty Wilde's Wilde Cats replaced Tony Meehan on drums, and in 1962 Brian "Liquorice" Locking (also from the Wilde Cats) replaced Jet Harris on bass. Live in Italy (1984). A serious accident coupled with health and personal problems halted Jet's success, but he later re-emerged with Jeff Beck (Yardbirds), Ron Wood (Rolling Stones), and Rod Stewart (Faces); however this group didn't last long.

Live: Take No Prisoners (1978). Jimmy Page also recorded with them. Lou Reed Live (1975). One member of Jet and Tony's band was John Paul Jones, later member of Led Zeppelin (who at times recorded with Cliff and the Shadows). Rock 'n' Roll Animal (1974). Tony Meehan and Jet Harris eventually left the group and recorded as solo artists, but more successfully as a duo, achieving a number 1 in the UK Singles Charts with Diamonds. The Raven (2003). The guitar on the recording was provided by session musician Ernie Shears, although a near-contemporary live recording of the song on the album entitled 'Cliff' showcases Hank's version of the riff.

Ecstacy (2000). Hank did not play the famous guitar riff on Move It. Set the Twilight Reeling (1996). Hank then said that he would only agree to join the band if his friend Bruce Welch could come too, and so on that day, Foster day recruited the new nucleus of the Drifters. Magic and Loss (1992). Foster was then told of a guy who was a brilliant guitarist, who also looked like Buddy Holly, so Foster met Hank Marvin. New York (1989). Strangely, Tony wasn't there when Foster arrived, and Foster was in a hurry and couldn't wait long.

Mistrial (1986). The Beatles' recording session with him indirectly led to the Beatles getting their recording contract. New Sensations (1984). The man being sought was Tony Sheridan, whom the Drifters knew, and who later played with the Beatles in Hamburg. Legendary Hearts (1983). He was looking for someone, and if he had found him, the Beatles may never have been discovered. The Blue Mask (1982). He went back to the 2I's where the Drifters and various other later members had played.

Growing Up in Public (1980). On that day, Cliff's manager, John Foster, was looking for a new lead guitarist. The Bells (1979). Popular music could have followed a completely different course if it were not for an accidental meeting one day in Soho. Street Hassle (1978). As Jet Harris, Tony Meehan, Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch gradually emerged in the band, some very significant 'lucky events' happened, for the band, and also for the world. Rock 'n' Roll Heart (1976). The final original member lost was Terry Smart.

Coney Island Baby (1976). First of all Mitham left, then Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch joined on guitars, and Jet Harris replaced Samwell on bass (Samwell had shifted to bass when Marvin took on the Lead guitar role). Metal Machine Music (1975). A gradual change in the line up eventually left Cliff as the only remaining original member. Sally Can't Dance (1974). The importance and influence of this song is legendary in British Rock music. John Lennon said, "I think the first English record that was anywhere near anything was 'Move It' by Cliff Richard, and before that there'd been nothing.". Berlin (1973). Another possible reason for the flip was that influential tv producer Jack Good, who grabbed the act for his tv show "Oh Boy!", said the song to be sung on his show had to be "Move It!" The single was flipped and went to number 2 in the charts.

Transformer (1972). One of these stories says that their producer Norrie Paramor, played the record to his daughter, and she raved about the B-side song instead of the A-side. Lou Reed (1972). There are a number of stories about why the A-side song was replaced by the B-side. The Quine Tapes (live 1969, 2001). (Samwell had joined as lead guitarist). Peel Slowly and See (box set, 1995). This was "Move It", written by Ian "Sammy" Samwell, who was the first new member of the group.

Live MCMXCIII (1993). They were given a non-rocking number called 'Schoolboy Crush' to record, but were allowed to record one of their own for the B-side. Another View (1967-1969 outtakes, 1986). The group gained a contract and went into Abbey Road Studios to record their first record in 1958. VU (1968-1969 outtakes, 1985). It was suggested to the group that they put a name out in front of the group's title, as this was the common thing at the time, and hence 'Cliff Richard and the Drifters' came about. 1969 (The Velvet Underground Live) (1974). The band initially comprised Cliff Richard (lead vocals/guitar), Norman Mitham (guitar), Terry Smart (drums).

Live at Max's Kansas City (1972). They began during the 1950s under the name "The Drifters". Loaded (1970). The Shadows A rock band most popular in the late 1950s and 1960s, but enjoying a resurgence in popularity in the late 1970s. The Velvet Underground (1969). 1981 The Third Man. White Light/White Heat (1968). 1980 Equinoxe Part V.

The Velvet Underground & Nico (1967). 1980 Riders In The Sky. 1979 Theme From 'The Deer Hunter' (Cavatina). 1978 Don't Cry For Me Argentina. 1975 Let Me Be The One.

1967 Maroc 7. 1966 The Dreams I Dream. 1966 A Place In The Sun. 1966 I Met A Girl.

1965 The War Lord. 1965 Don't Make My Baby Blue. 1965 Stingray. 1965 Mary Anne.

1964 Genie With The Light Brown Lamp. 1964 Rhythm And Greens. 1964 The Rise And Fall Of Flingel Bunt. 1964 Theme For Young Lovers.

1963 Geronimo. 1963 Shindig. 1963 Atlantis. 1963 Foot Tapper (Reached Number One).

1962 Dance On (Reached Number One). 1962 Guitar Tango. 1962 Wonderful Land (Reached Number One). 1961 The Savage.

1961 Kon Tiki (Reached Number One). 1961 The Frightened City. 1961 FBI. 1960 Man Of Mystery/The Stranger.

1960 Apache (Reached Number One). 2004 Life Story. 1998 50 Golden Greats. 1997 Very Best Of Hank Marvin And The Shadows - The First 40 Years.

1997 Play Andrew Lloyd Webber And Tim Rice. 1994 The Best Of Hank Marvin And The Shadows. 1993 Shadows In The Night - 16 Classic Tracks. 1991 Themes And Dreams.

1990 Reflection. 1989 At Their Very Best. 1989 Steppin' To The Shadows. 1987 Simply Shadows.

1986 Moonlight Shadow. 1984 Guardian Angel. 1984 20 Original Greats. 1983 XXV.

1982 Live At Abbey Road. 1982 Life In The Jungle. 1981 Hits Right Up Your Street. 1980 Change Of Address.

1980 Another String of Hot Hits. 1979 String Of Hits (Reached Number One). 1977 20 Golden Greats (Reached Number One). 1975 Specs Appeal.

1974 Rockin' With Curly Leads. 1970 Shades Of Rock. 1967 Jigsaw. 1966 Shadow Music.

1965 The Sound Of The Shadows. 1964 Dance With The Shadows. 1963 Greatest Hits. 1962 Out Of The Shadows (Reached Number One).

1961 The Shadows (Reached Number One). He also wrote the music for the celebrated film Grease. John Farrar - John Farrar wrote for and produced Olivia Newton-John and also write the music with Tim Rice for Cliff's '90s stage musical "Heathcliff". John Rostill - John Rostill went on to write for Olivia Newton-John and also play with others, until his death in 1973.

Brian Bennett - Brian Bennett went on to play with many stars such as Ella Fitzgerald and compose music for television, most famously, The Ruth Rendell Mysteries. Welch and Marvin - Welch and Marvin separately went on to produce as well and record with other artists such as Roger Daltrey, Jean Michel Jarre, and Brian May. The Beatles were impressed to meet Meehan but eventually Smith turned them down. Tony Meehan - Tony Meehan went on to become a producer and A&R man for Decca, and was also present in the control room when the Beatles auditioned for Decca's Mike Smith (A&R man).

Ian Samwell - Ian Samwell went on to become a very influential writer and producer, recording the Small Faces first album and also producing artists like Georgie Fame, John Mayall, and America. Sir Cliff now has his own vineyard and wine label, a line of perfume, and has become joint owner of the Arora International Hotel in Manchester, which opens in June 2004. The Ultimate Pop Star, a Channel 4 programme screened in 2004, revealed that Cliff Richard had sold more singles in the UK than any other music artist, ahead of the Beatles in second place and Elvis Presley in third. He also appeared in the 2002 list of 100 Great Britons (sponsored by the BBC and voted for by the public).

Cliff Richard - Cliff reached the pinnacle of his career when he was knighted.