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Land Rover

Land Rover is the name of one of the first civilian all-terrain utility vehicles, first produced by Rover in 1948. Eventually, the Land Rover division was split off from Rover, and produced an expanding range of four wheel drive vehicles under a succession of owners, including British Leyland, British Aerospace, BMW, and, from 2000, Ford in their Premier Automotive Group. Land Rovers are manufactured in Solihull, England (near Birmingham) and Halewood, England (near Liverpool) and are exported around the world.

Land Rover Defender 110

History

The first Land Rover was designed in 1947, in Wales in the United Kingdom, by Maurice Wilks, the chief designer at the British car company Rover, as a farm vehicle that could be used for everything from ploughing fields to driving in town. It is said that he was inspired by an American World War II Jeep that he used on his estate. The first Land Rover prototype 'centre steer' was built on a Jeep chassis. A distinctive feature has been their bodies, constructed of a lightweight rustproof proprietary alloy of aluminium and magnesium called Birmabright This material was used owing to post war steel shortages and a plentiful supply of post-war aircraft aluminium. This metal's resistance to corrosion was one of the factors that allowed the vehicle to build up a reputation for longevity in the toughest conditions. The early choice of colour was dictated by army surplus supplies of paint, so early vehicles only came in various shades of green; all models until recently feature sturdy box section ladder-frame chassis. Now the Freelander and the Range Rover use a more usual monocoque body construction.

The early vehicles, such as the Series 1, were designed to be field-serviced; advertisements for Rovers have bragged about vehicles driven thousands of miles on banana oil. Now with more complex service requirements this is less of an option. The British Army maintains the use of the 300TDi engined versions rather than the TD5 to retain some servicing simplicity. This engine also continued in use in some export markets.

A mired Land Rover of the 1st Armoured Division being extracted during the Gulf War.

Land Rovers, particularly the commercial and military models, became ubiquitous throughout rural areas and in the developing World. The Land Rover featured in the South African movie The Gods Must Be Crazy illustrates the love-hate relationship many owners feel with the earlier Series 1, 2 and 3 vehicles.

Land Rovers have competed in the Paris Dakar Rally as well as being the vehicle used for the Camel Trophy as part of a sponsorship deal. The Land Rover Defender is also used by military forces throughout the world. In the UK armed forces, the very expensive Pinzgauer, now built in the UK, is increasingly common in roles previously the preserve of the Land Rover Defender such as ambulances, artillery tractor and weapons platform with 188 Pinzgauers in service and 15,000 Land Rovers.

Since the 1970s, in most remote areas of Africa, South America, Asia and in the Australian Outback the Toyota Land Cruiser has overtaken the Land Rover as the utility 4x4 of choice, probably because of the cheaper purchase costs and better parts network offered by Japanese competitors.

In Britain, the Land Rover fell from favour with the farming community with the arrival of less expensive Japanese alternatives, with Diahatsu Fourtracks and Isuzu Troopers becoming a common sight on farms around the country, until rust eventually ended their working lives. However, with subtle improvements to the Defender in the early 1990s, and with the introduction of better, more reliable engines in the form of the TDi (especially the 300TDi) and the new five-cylinder TD5, most farms once again have a Land Rover Defender in their yard.

1986 Land Rover Defender 90

Company timeline

  • 1948 Land Rover is designed by the Wilks Brothers and is manufactured by the Rover Company
  • 1967 Rover becomes part of Leyland Motors Ltd, later British Leyland
  • 1970 Introduction of the Range Rover
  • 1975 BL collapses and is nationalised, publication of the Ryder Report recommends that Land Rover be split from Rover and be treated as a separate company within BL
  • 1980 Rover car production ends at Solihull, which is now exclusively for Land Rover manufacture. 5-door Range Rover introduced.
  • 1986 BL, now known as the Rover Group, is privatised and becomes part of British Aerospace
  • 1987 Range Rover is introduced to the U.S market
  • 1989 Introduction of the Discovery (Disco I to enthusiasts)
  • 1994 Rover Group is taken over by BMW. Introduction of second-generation Range Rover.
  • 1998 Introduction of the Freelander
  • 1999 (Midyear) Introduction of the second generation of Discovery (Disco II)
  • 2000 BMW breaks up the Rover Group and sells Land Rover to Ford.
  • 2002 Introduction of third-generation Range Rover
  • 2005 Introduction of the third-generation Discovery/LR3
  • 2005 Introduction of Range Rover Sport
  • 2005 Adoption of the Jaguar AJ-V8 engine to replace the BMW M62 V8 in the Range Rover

Models

  • Series I, II and III - the original off-roader
  • Defender - Updated Series line, with a move from extreme utilitarianism.
  • Freelander - compact crossover 4x4
  • Discovery/LR3 - mid-size off-roader
  • Range Rover - full-size luxury off-roader
  • Range Rover Sport - full-size luxury crossover 4x4

There have also been models developed for the British Army

  • 101 Forward Control - also known as the "Land Rover One Tonne"
  • 1/2 ton Lightweight - airportable military short wheelbase from the Series 2a
  • Land Rover Wolf - an uprated Military Defender

At the 2004 North American International Auto Show, Land Rover introduced its first concept, the Range Stormer (Gritzinger, 2004).

The armoured police vehicle, the Shorland, was not a Land Rover produced model but was built from Land Rover parts by Shorts of Belfast.

Abilities

The use of Land Rovers by the UK and Commonwealth military as well as on long term civilian projects and expeditions is mainly due to the superior off-road performance of the marque. For example, the short wheelbase version of the Land Rover Defender is capable of tackling a gradient of 45 degrees, an approach angle of up to 50 degrees, a departure angle of 53 degrees and a ramp break-over of up to 155 degrees - greatly superior not just to urban 4x4s but to military vehicles such as the HMMWV and Pinzgauer High Mobility All-Terrain Vehicle.

Safety

Road accident statistics on a model-by-model basis from the UK Department of Transport show that the Land Rover Defender and Land Rover Discovery are the safest cars on the UK roads (measured in terms of chance of death in an accident) - between three times safer than the safest Volvo models, twice as safe (half the death-rate per accident) compared with the Jeep Cherokee and Toyota Land Cruiser and only matched by the Mercedes-Benz S-Class and Jaguar XJ.

Quality problems

Recently the Land Rover marque has built a somewhat negative reputation for reliability and build quality, and this is reflected in its showing in various industry quality and dependability related surveys, as detailed below.

  • US J.D. Power and Associates Vehicle Dependability Survey for 2003 published 8th July 2003 places the Land Rover marque second-to-last.(Kia last) This study was based on responses from more than 55,000 US based original owners of 2000 model year cars and light trucks at three years of ownership. [1] In 2004, it narrowly dethroned Kia, as the least reliable nameplate, but swapped places in 2005. ( Kia last, Land Rover 2nd last).
  • Land Rover Discovery 6th-from-the-bottom of 100 models for reliability in an Auto Express (UK) 2002 survey.
  • Joint 16th-from-the-bottom in 144 car 2002 J.D. Power's What Car? (UK) magazine customer satisfaction survey.
  • Land Rover had joint highest average cost in warranty claims for cars up to 10 years old in 2002 UK Warranty Direct index – (based on full-maintenance leasing claims).
  • Land Rover Discovery was joint second-to-last in 2002 Which? (UK) magazine reliability survey of cars up to 2 years old – however, only 35 Land Rovers were in the sample.
  • Land Rover was 3rd least-reliable of 31 makes of car in 2002 Which? (UK) magazine reliability survey of 2000-2002 model-year cars.
  • Least-reliable of 32 makes built 1997-1999. Spate of engine power, gearbox and exploding clutch problems (which Land Rover reportedly has refused to repair under warranty).
  • 89% of Land Rovers were reported breakdown-free in 2003 Which? (UK) magazine J.D. Power's survey.

Beginning with the Discovery Series III (LR3 in the US) model, one of the replacement power plants for the new model will be a 4.2 L V8 engine developed by Jaguar (Jaguar is also part of the Ford Group).

Some of the service problems in US specification Land Rover Defender and Discovery models are related to the Rover V8 petrol engine, as Land Rover increased the displacement and otherwise modernized the engine, which was designed in the late 1950s by General Motors for Buick. The same engine has powered a variety of other British cars, including the Rover 3500 and Triumph TR8.

Most European, South African and Australian specification Defenders and Discovery models are now equipped with the TD5 diesel engine and reliability has still proven a problem as detailed in the surveys above.

Land Rover still makes heavy use of the British Leyland parts bin on its older models (the Defender and Freelander in particular), and this as well as its parts-sharing scheme often cited as the cause of many malfunctions, it now appears that Ford is attempting to legitimately address the Land Rover quality issues. It was reported in the Birmingham Post on 27th May 2004 that Ford's senior management have given the Land Rover plant 8 weeks to come up with a "road map" to address the quality issues at Land Rover and bring its competitiveness up to global standards in 5 years. Ford has threatened Solihull with closure unless significant improvements are realised, and with no replacement for the Jaguar X-type on the cards, it seems likely that there will be sufficient extra capacity at Halewood in the coming years to accommodate the entire Land Rover range.

Land Rover's CEO described this as "crunch time" for Land Rover.

Despite the recent drops in quality, it is rumored that 75% of all Land Rovers produced since 1955 are still on the road. This figure may be misleading, due to the wider range of vehicles and much higher production of recent years. The longevity of individual vehicles may also tend to hide any improvements in production quality as assembly faults, once fixed, may stay fixed, and so may only matter to the first buyer.


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The longevity of individual vehicles may also tend to hide any improvements in production quality as assembly faults, once fixed, may stay fixed, and so may only matter to the first buyer. Volleyball (4) 1986, 1989, 1990, 1991. This figure may be misleading, due to the wider range of vehicles and much higher production of recent years. Softball (5) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004. Despite the recent drops in quality, it is rumored that 75% of all Land Rovers produced since 1955 are still on the road. Women's Outdoor Track (8) 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1996. Land Rover's CEO described this as "crunch time" for Land Rover. Men's Outdoor Track (22) 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1951, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1963, 1988, 1989, 1990.

Ford has threatened Solihull with closure unless significant improvements are realised, and with no replacement for the Jaguar X-type on the cards, it seems likely that there will be sufficient extra capacity at Halewood in the coming years to accommodate the entire Land Rover range. Women's Indoor Track (10) 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999. It was reported in the Birmingham Post on 27th May 2004 that Ford's senior management have given the Land Rover plant 8 weeks to come up with a "road map" to address the quality issues at Land Rover and bring its competitiveness up to global standards in 5 years. Men's Indoor Track (4) 1957, 1963, 1989, 1990. Land Rover still makes heavy use of the British Leyland parts bin on its older models (the Defender and Freelander in particular), and this as well as its parts-sharing scheme often cited as the cause of many malfunctions, it now appears that Ford is attempting to legitimately address the Land Rover quality issues. Men's Tennis (4) 1976, 1985, 1998, 1999. Most European, South African and Australian specification Defenders and Discovery models are now equipped with the TD5 diesel engine and reliability has still proven a problem as detailed in the surveys above. Men's Swimming (1) 1988.

The same engine has powered a variety of other British cars, including the Rover 3500 and Triumph TR8. Gymnastics (1) 1981. Some of the service problems in US specification Land Rover Defender and Discovery models are related to the Rover V8 petrol engine, as Land Rover increased the displacement and otherwise modernized the engine, which was designed in the late 1950s by General Motors for Buick. Women's Golf (1) 1992. Beginning with the Discovery Series III (LR3 in the US) model, one of the replacement power plants for the new model will be a 4.2 L V8 engine developed by Jaguar (Jaguar is also part of the Ford Group). Men's Golf (15) 1937, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1942, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1953, 1954, 1960, 1966, 1967, 1986, 1987. Recently the Land Rover marque has built a somewhat negative reputation for reliability and build quality, and this is reflected in its showing in various industry quality and dependability related surveys, as detailed below. Football (9) 1935, 1936, 1958, 1961, 1970, 1986, 1988, 2001, 2003, 2006.

Road accident statistics on a model-by-model basis from the UK Department of Transport show that the Land Rover Defender and Land Rover Discovery are the safest cars on the UK roads (measured in terms of chance of death in an accident) - between three times safer than the safest Volvo models, twice as safe (half the death-rate per accident) compared with the Jeep Cherokee and Toyota Land Cruiser and only matched by the Mercedes-Benz S-Class and Jaguar XJ. Women's Basketball (1) 2005. For example, the short wheelbase version of the Land Rover Defender is capable of tackling a gradient of 45 degrees, an approach angle of up to 50 degrees, a departure angle of 53 degrees and a ramp break-over of up to 155 degrees - greatly superior not just to urban 4x4s but to military vehicles such as the HMMWV and Pinzgauer High Mobility All-Terrain Vehicle. Men's Basketball (8) 1935, 1953, 1954, 1979, 1981, 1985, 1991, 2000, 2006. The use of Land Rovers by the UK and Commonwealth military as well as on long term civilian projects and expeditions is mainly due to the superior off-road performance of the marque. Baseball (13) 1939, 1943, 1946, 1961, 1975, 1986, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2003. The armoured police vehicle, the Shorland, was not a Land Rover produced model but was built from Land Rover parts by Shorts of Belfast. Baseball (5) 1991, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000.

At the 2004 North American International Auto Show, Land Rover introduced its first concept, the Range Stormer (Gritzinger, 2004). Women's Outdoor Track (13) 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996,1997, 2000, 2003. There have also been models developed for the British Army. Men's Outdoor Track (4) 1933, 1989, 1990, 2002. However, with subtle improvements to the Defender in the early 1990s, and with the introduction of better, more reliable engines in the form of the TDi (especially the 300TDi) and the new five-cylinder TD5, most farms once again have a Land Rover Defender in their yard. Women's Indoor Track (11) 1987, 1989, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2002, 2003, 2004. In Britain, the Land Rover fell from favour with the farming community with the arrival of less expensive Japanese alternatives, with Diahatsu Fourtracks and Isuzu Troopers becoming a common sight on farms around the country, until rust eventually ended their working lives. Men's Indoor Track (2) 2001, 2004.

Since the 1970s, in most remote areas of Africa, South America, Asia and in the Australian Outback the Toyota Land Cruiser has overtaken the Land Rover as the utility 4x4 of choice, probably because of the cheaper purchase costs and better parts network offered by Japanese competitors. Men's Golf (4) 1940, 1942,. In the UK armed forces, the very expensive Pinzgauer, now built in the UK, is increasingly common in roles previously the preserve of the Land Rover Defender such as ambulances, artillery tractor and weapons platform with 188 Pinzgauers in service and 15,000 Land Rovers. Football (3) 1908, 1958, 2003. The Land Rover Defender is also used by military forces throughout the world. Boxing (1) 1949. Land Rovers have competed in the Paris Dakar Rally as well as being the vehicle used for the Camel Trophy as part of a sponsorship deal. Men's Basketball (1) 1935.

The Land Rover featured in the South African movie The Gods Must Be Crazy illustrates the love-hate relationship many owners feel with the earlier Series 1, 2 and 3 vehicles. Its arenas include Tiger Stadium (football), Pete Maravich Assembly Center (basketball, volleyball), Carl Maddox Fieldhouse (indoor track and gymnastics), Bernie Moore Stadium (outdoor track), Tiger Park (softball), and Alex Box Stadium (baseball). Land Rovers, particularly the commercial and military models, became ubiquitous throughout rural areas and in the developing World. Based on winning percentage, the University's athletics program is consistently one of the best in the nation. This engine also continued in use in some export markets. Its official team nickname is the Tigers and Lady Tigers, and its school colors are purple and gold. The British Army maintains the use of the 300TDi engined versions rather than the TD5 to retain some servicing simplicity. It fields teams in 14 varsity sports (5 men's, 7 women's, 2 coed).

Now with more complex service requirements this is less of an option. LSU is a member of the NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) and the Southeastern Conference. The early vehicles, such as the Series 1, were designed to be field-serviced; advertisements for Rovers have bragged about vehicles driven thousands of miles on banana oil. Sean O'Keefe showed his disapproval by stating that this will most likely kill the Flagship Agenda. Now the Freelander and the Range Rover use a more usual monocoque body construction. The future of the Flagship Agenda remains uncertain as the LSU Board of Supervisors voted in February to make a 5.8 million budget cut from the University. The early choice of colour was dictated by army surplus supplies of paint, so early vehicles only came in various shades of green; all models until recently feature sturdy box section ladder-frame chassis. Sean O' Keefe, who in 2005 left his post as head of NASA to become LSU's new chancellor, pledged to continue the Agenda until its conclusion in 2010.

This metal's resistance to corrosion was one of the factors that allowed the vehicle to build up a reputation for longevity in the toughest conditions. However, many people involved with the university agree that the Agenda's implementation has been successful. A distinctive feature has been their bodies, constructed of a lightweight rustproof proprietary alloy of aluminium and magnesium called Birmabright This material was used owing to post war steel shortages and a plentiful supply of post-war aircraft aluminium. Because the improvements put a higher financial strain on students, the Agenda has had some controversy. The first Land Rover prototype 'centre steer' was built on a Jeep chassis. Its focus is to have LSU better serve Louisiana and the world by increasing student quality and research productivity, thereby vaulting LSU into placement as one of the finest public universities in the country. It is said that he was inspired by an American World War II Jeep that he used on his estate. In 2003 Chancellor Mark Emmert spearheaded the creation of the Flagship Agenda, a plan to reverse the low morale, lack of competitiveness, and lack of available resources that had plagued LSU during the 1990s.

The first Land Rover was designed in 1947, in Wales in the United Kingdom, by Maurice Wilks, the chief designer at the British car company Rover, as a farm vehicle that could be used for everything from ploughing fields to driving in town. Visit About LSU for more information. . In 1992, the LSU Board of Supervisors approved the creation of the LSU Honors College. Land Rovers are manufactured in Solihull, England (near Birmingham) and Halewood, England (near Liverpool) and are exported around the world. In 1978, LSU was named a sea-grant college, the 13th university in the nation to be so designated and the highest classification attainable in the program. Eventually, the Land Rover division was split off from Rover, and produced an expanding range of four wheel drive vehicles under a succession of owners, including British Leyland, British Aerospace, BMW, and, from 2000, Ford in their Premier Automotive Group. After some years of enrollment fluctuation, student numbers began a steady increase, new programs were added, curricula and faculty expanded, and a true state university emerged.

Land Rover is the name of one of the first civilian all-terrain utility vehicles, first produced by Rover in 1948. Formal dedication of the present campus took place on April 30, 1926. Power's survey. Land for the present campus was purchased in 1918, construction started in 1922, and the move began in 1925; it was not, however, until 1932 that the move was finally completed. 89% of Land Rovers were reported breakdown-free in 2003 Which? (UK) magazine J.D. In 1886, the federal garrison grounds (now the site of the state capitol) were formally declared the domicile of the University. Spate of engine power, gearbox and exploding clutch problems (which Land Rover reportedly has refused to repair under warranty). The first Baton Rouge home of LSU was in the quarters of the Institute for the Deaf, Dumb, and Blind.

Least-reliable of 32 makes built 1997-1999. It temporarily opened in New Orleans, June 1, 1874, where it remained until it merged with Louisiana State University in 1877. Land Rover was 3rd least-reliable of 31 makes of car in 2002 Which? (UK) magazine reliability survey of 2000-2002 model-year cars. Louisiana State Agricultural & Mechanical College was established by an act of the legislature, approved April 7, 1874, to carry out the United States Morrill Act of 1862, granting lands for this purpose. Land Rover Discovery was joint second-to-last in 2002 Which? (UK) magazine reliability survey of cars up to 2 years old – however, only 35 Land Rovers were in the sample. In 1870, the name of the institution was changed to Louisiana State University. Land Rover had joint highest average cost in warranty claims for cars up to 10 years old in 2002 UK Warranty Direct index – (based on full-maintenance leasing claims). On November 1, 1869, the institution resumed its exercises in Baton Rouge, where it has since remained.

Power's What Car? (UK) magazine customer satisfaction survey. The seminary reopened October 2, 1865, only to be burned October 15, 1869. Joint 16th-from-the-bottom in 144 car 2002 J.D. The losses sustained by the institution during the war were heavy. Land Rover Discovery 6th-from-the-bottom of 100 models for reliability in an Auto Express (UK) 2002 survey. It reopened on April 1, but was again closed on April 23, 1863, due to the invasion of the Red River Valley by the federal army. ( Kia last, Land Rover 2nd last). The school closed June 30, 1861, because of the Civil War.

[1] In 2004, it narrowly dethroned Kia, as the least reliable nameplate, but swapped places in 2005. William Tecumseh Sherman as superintendent. Power and Associates Vehicle Dependability Survey for 2003 published 8th July 2003 places the Land Rover marque second-to-last.(Kia last) This study was based on responses from more than 55,000 US based original owners of 2000 model year cars and light trucks at three years of ownership. The institution opened January 2, 1860, with Col. US J.D. In 1853, the Louisiana General Assembly established the Seminary of Learning of the State of Louisiana near Pineville, Louisiana. Land Rover Wolf - an uprated Military Defender. Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College had its origin in certain land grants made by the United States government in 1806, 1811, and 1827 for use as a seminary of learning.

1/2 ton Lightweight - airportable military short wheelbase from the Series 2a. Hebert Law Center, University of New Orleans, LSU Shreveport, LSU at Eunice, LSU Alexandria, and the LSU Health Sciences Centers: LSU Health Sciences Center in New Orleans, Health Care Services Division (Public Hospital System), and LSU Health Sciences Center in Shreveport.[1]. 101 Forward Control - also known as the "Land Rover One Tonne". Other campuses in the LSU system include the LSU Agricultural Center, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, LSU Paul M. Range Rover Sport - full-size luxury crossover 4x4. Through the LSU Foundation's "Endow an Oak" program, individuals or groups are able to endow live oaks across campus. Range Rover - full-size luxury off-roader. The live oak trees on campus have been valued at $36 million.

Discovery/LR3 - mid-size off-roader. Thomas Gaines's The Campus as a Work of Art praises LSU's landscaping as "a botanical joy" in its listing among the 20 best campuses in America . Freelander - compact crossover 4x4. Many of the buildings are built in Italian Renaissance style, which is marked by red pantile roofs, overhanging eaves, and honey-colored stucco. Defender - Updated Series line, with a move from extreme utilitarianism. The campus boasts more than 250 principal buildings. Series I, II and III - the original off-roader. The LSU main campus occupies a 650-acre (2.6 km²) plateau on the banks of the Mississippi River; overall, LSU is located on 2,000 acres (8.1 km²) of land just south of downtown Baton Rouge.

2005 Adoption of the Jaguar AJ-V8 engine to replace the BMW M62 V8 in the Range Rover. . 2005 Introduction of Range Rover Sport.
. 2005 Introduction of the third-generation Discovery/LR3. LSU is one of only six American universities designated as a land-grant, sea-grant and space-grant research center. 2002 Introduction of third-generation Range Rover. Enrollment, which has increased approximately 5% recently to host students from New Orleans displaced by Hurricane Katrina, stands at more than 30,000 students, and there are 1,300 full-time faculty members.

2000 BMW breaks up the Rover Group and sells Land Rover to Ford. LSU includes 9 senior colleges and 3 schools, in addition to specialized centers, divisions, institutes, and offices. 1999 (Midyear) Introduction of the second generation of Discovery (Disco II). Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College at Baton Rouge, or simply Louisiana State University (LSU) is a public, coeducational university located in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and the main campus of the Louisiana State University System. 1998 Introduction of the Freelander. 7 former LSU women's basketball players in the WNBA. Introduction of second-generation Range Rover. 10 former LSU baseball players in MLB (24 in the Minors).

1994 Rover Group is taken over by BMW. 4 former LSU basketball players in the NBA. 1989 Introduction of the Discovery (Disco I to enthusiasts). 33 former LSU football players in the NFL. 1987 Range Rover is introduced to the U.S market. As of the 2005-2006 seasons, there are:

    . 1986 BL, now known as the Rover Group, is privatised and becomes part of British Aerospace. Williams, retired NBA player (formerly of the Washington Bullets, Los Angeles Clippers, and Indiana Pacers).

    5-door Range Rover introduced. John S. 1980 Rover car production ends at Solihull, which is now exclusively for Land Rover manufacture. Todd Walker, Major League Baseball player, Chicago Cubs. 1975 BL collapses and is nationalised, publication of the Ryder Report recommends that Land Rover be split from Rover and be treated as a separate company within BL. LaBrandon Toefield, NFL running back, Jacksonville Jaguars. 1970 Introduction of the Range Rover. David Toms, professional golfer, winner of 2001 PGA Championship.

    1967 Rover becomes part of Leyland Motors Ltd, later British Leyland. Tittle, Hall of Fame NFL quarterback, San Francisco 49ers, New York Giants. 1948 Land Rover is designed by the Wilks Brothers and is manufactured by the Rover Company. Y.A. Jim Taylor, Hall of Fame NFL fullback, Green Bay Packers. Stromile Swift, former All-American and SEC Player of the Year, NBA player, Houston Rockets.

    Marcus Spears, NFL defensive lineman, Dallas Cowboys. Mark Roman, NFL safety, Green Bay Packers. Josh Reed, NFL wide receiver, Buffalo Bills. Marcus Randall, NFL safety, Tennessee Titans.

    Louis Hawks (1958); NBA MVP (1956, '59); 10-time All-NBA First Team (1955-64). Bob Pettit, All-America (1952, 1953, 1954) NBA (1954-1965) NBA champion with St. Shaquille O'Neal, NBA center, Miami Heat (formerly of the Los Angeles Lakers and Orlando Magic). Ben McDonald, former Golden Spikes Award winner (college baseball player of the year), Major League Baseball player.

    Adrian Mayes, NFL safety, Arizona Cardinals. Matt Mauck, NFL quarterback, Tennessee Titans. "Pistol" Pete Maravich, member of the Basketball Hall of Fame. Anthony "Booger" Macfarland, NFL football player, former first round draft pick of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.

    Todd Linden, Major League Baseball player with the San Francisco Giants. Chad Lavalais, NFL defensive tackle, Atlanta Falcons. Eddie Kennison, NFL wide receiver, Kansas City Chiefs. Tory James, NFL cornerback, Cincinnati Bengals.

    Bradie James, NFL linebacker, Dallas Cowboys. Brad Hawpe, Major League Baseball player with the Colorado Rockies. Allen Faneca, NFL Pro Bowl offensive lineman, and superbowl champion Pittsburgh Steelers. Eric Edwards, NFL tight end, Arizona Cardinals.

    Rohan Davey, NFL quarterback, Arizona Cardinals. Domanick Davis, NFL running-back, Houston Texans. Travis Daniels, NFL cornerback, Miami Dolphins. Michael Clayton, NFL wide receiver, Tampa Bay Buccaneers.

    Billy Cannon, All-America (1958, 1959) Heisman Trophy Winner (1959) AFL (1960-1969) AFL Championship with the Houston Oilers (1961) All AFL Running Back (1961) All AFL Tight End (1967) NFL (1970). Albert Belle (formerly named Joey Belle), retired Major League Baseball Player. Kenderick Allen, NFL defensive lineman, New York Giants. Mahmoud Abdul-Rauf (formerly named Chris Jackson), retired NBA player (formerly of the Denver Nuggets, the Sacramento Kings and the Vancouver Grizzlies).

    Lejeune, Namesake of Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. General John A. General Claire Chennault, Organiser and commander of World War II's American Volunteer Group (the AVG also known as the Flying Tigers) which fought for China against the Japanese before the United States of America entered the war. Long, United States Senator.

    Russell B. Mary Landrieu, United States Senator. Hubert Humphrey, 38th Vice President of the United States. Hebert, Civilian Judge during Nuremberg War Trials.

    Paul M. "Mike" Foster, Jr., former governor of Louisiana. M.J. Carlos Roberto Flores, former president of Honduras.

    Maxime Faget, Engineering & Development Director, NASA. Edwin Edwards, former governor of Louisiana. James Carville, political strategist (notably for Bill Clinton's 1992 Presidential Campaign). John Breaux, United States Senator.

    Donna Brazille, political strategist (notably for Al Gore's 2000 Presidential Campaign). Kip Knight, Vice-President Marketing of eBay. Clarence Cazalot, President and CEO of Marathon Oil Corporation. Thomas Ryder, Chairman and CEO of Reader's Digest Magazine.

    Longwell, Sr., vice-president of ExxonMobil U.S.A. Harry J. Reinosuke Hara, vice chairman of the Board of Seiko Instruments, Inc. Cook, co-chairman of the Board of Global Crossing Inc.

    Lodwrick M. Cooper, photographer. Amy V. Joanne Woodward, Academy Award-winning actress.

    Rex Reed, New York author and film critic. Gavin Grey, fictional hero of "Everybody's All-American", based loosely on Billy Cannon. Julie Giroux, Emmy Award-winning composer. Bill Conti, Academy Award-winning composer.

    John Ed Bradley, novelist. Dolores Spikes, president of the University of Maryland-Eastern Shore. Jimmy Andrews, M.D., founder of the American Sports Medicine Institute. John Kennedy Toole's "A Confederacy of Dunces" is its most well-known publication.

    It publishes approximately 80 titles per year. LSU Press is a nonprofit book publisher dedicated to the publication of scholarly, general interest, and regional books. The LSU Today magazine keeps faculty and staff updated with university news. The Gumbo is the University's yearbook, given free to returning students.

    "Apollo's Lyre" is a poetry and fiction magazine published each semester by the Honors College. The LSU RESEARCH magazine informs readers about University research programs. It has been named Best Magazine in the Southwestern Journalism Congress for eight out of the last nine years. The Legacy is a student-run magazine that publishes a variety of feature-length stories.

    It publishes fiction, poetry, and essays, with an emphasis on southern culture and history. The Southern Review is a venerable quarterly journal that Robert Penn Warren first published in 1935. In 2003 the Reveille received the Pacemaker award from the Associated College Press. The Daily Reveille, the University's student-run newspaper, is published Monday through Friday during the fall and spring semesters.

    Increase funding to support the previous actions through more state and private support. Increase quality of campus life by increasing diversity, inclusiveness, and facilities investments. Increase quality of undergraduate students and programs by raising admissions standards, improving recruitment, and reviewing courses of study. Increase number and quality of graduate students and programs through targeted investments and program review.

    Increase research productivity by hiring a significant number of new, high-quality faculty and improving technology infrastructure. School of Veterinary Medicine. College of Music and Dramatic Arts. Manship School of Mass Communication.

    Honors College. College of Engineering. College of Education. School of the Coast and Environment.

    Ourso College of Business. E.J. College of Basic Sciences. College of Arts and Sciences.

    College of Agriculture. College of Art and Design.