Lace-making

. In addition, the term in English, flaxen-haired, denoting a very light, bright blonde, comes from a comparison to the color of raw flax fiber. Knitted lace includes Shetland lace, such as the "wedding ring shawl", a lace shawl so fine that it can be pulled through a wedding ring. The word lintel, a supporting member above a door or window, is not related. Crocheted lace includes Irish crochet and Filet crochet. This word history has given rise to a number of other terms:. Tatted lace is made with a shuttle or a tatting needle. The word linen is derived from the Latin for the flax plant, which is linum, and the earlier Greek linon.

Macramé and Tatting are knotted laces. When being washed for the first time, linen shrinks significantly. Tape lace can make the tape in the lace as it is worked, or use a machine- or hand-made textile strip formed into a design, then joined and embellished with needle or bobbin lace. The finest linen has a very consistent diameter with no slubs. Also known as Bone-lace. However, these are actually defects associated with low quality. The pillow contains straw, preferably oat straw or other materials such as sawdust, insulation styrofoam or ethafoam. A characteristic often associated with linen yarn is the presence of "slubs", or small knots that occur randomly along its length.

The bobbins, turned from wood, bone or plastic, hold threads which are woven together and held in place with pins stuck in the pattern on the pillow. The natural color of unbleached linen is ecru. As the name suggests, Bobbin lace is made with bobbins and a pillow. Linen is usually white to ivory, may be washed at 95°C, and should be ironed when damp. Cutwork, or whitework, is lace constructed by removing threads from a woven background, and the remaining threads wrapped or filled with embroidery. Linen is available in different qualities varying from almost silk-like to sack-linen. The finest antique needle laces were made from a very fine thread that is not manufactured today. Hoplite cuirass was made of leather.

Some purists regard Needle lace as the height of lace-making. Contrary to popular belief, linen was probably never used as material for the Hoplite cuirass because of its price. Some are the most time-consuming but the most flexible of the lace-making arts. Also because of its strength when wet, Irish linen is the best wrap of pool/billiard cues, due to its absorption of sweat from hands. Some types can be made more quickly than the finest of bobbin laces. Due to its strength, in the Middle Ages linen was used for shields and gambeson. Needle lace is made using a needle and thread. Linen is also used for cloth, canvases, sails, tents, and even for books (the only surviving example of which is the Liber Linteus).

A few modern artists makes lace with a fine copper or silver wire instead of thread. Although these are now often made of cotton or synthetic fibers, they are still called "linens," "bed linens," and "table linens.". Manufactured lace may be made of synthetic fiber. These properties led to its use from the early Middle Ages for underwear, shirts, chemises, and other clothing worn next to the body (collectively called "body linen"), and also for sheets and pillowcases, napkins, and tablecloths. Now lace is often made with cotton thread. Linen will withstand washing in hot water and scrubbing, and can be bleached by spreading it in the sun to dry. Originally linen, silk, gold, or silver threads were used. Very little top-quality linen is produced now, and most is used in low volume applications like hand weaving and as an art material.

The holes can be formed via removal of threads or cloth from a previously woven fabric, but more often lace the open spaces are created as part of the lace fabric. The decrease in use of linen may be attributed to the increasing quality of synthetic fibers, and a decreasing appreciation of buyers for very high quality yarn and fabric that wrinkles easily and requires high-temperature ironing while damp. Lace is a lightweight, openwork fabric, patterned with open holes in the work, made by machine or by hand. As years went by many of the finest factories in those areas closed, and most linen is currently made in China. Lace-making is an ancient craft. In continental Europe where temperatures are higher, dew retting in the fields could take place, this was favoured from an environmental viewpoint. Knitted lace. The climates of these locations were ideal for natural processing methods called "retting".In Ireland and Scotland the retting took place in retting dams and rivers, and could lead to pollution.

Crocheted lace. Up until the 1950s or so the finest linen yarn was made in Scotland, Ireland (Irish linen), and Belgium. Knotted lace. This is the number of 840 yard lengths in a pound. Tape lace. In China they often tend to use the English Cotton system, NeC. Bobbin lace. This is the number of 1000m lengths per kilogram.

Cutwork. More commonly used in continental Europe is the Metric system, Nm. Needle lace. The symbol is NeL. might be 60 lea, and give 60x300 = 18000 yards per pound. The fine yarns used in handkerchiefs, etc.

A yarn having a size of 1 lea will give 300 yards per pound. the number of length units per unit mass. This is a specific length, or indirect grist system, i.e. The standard measure of bulk linen yarn is the lea.

After it is spun into yarn it becomes linen. The fiber in its un-spun state is called flax. It has a long "staple" (individual strand length) relative to cotton and other natural fibers. It is one of the few textiles that has a greater breaking strength wet than dry.

It is strong, durable, and resists rotting in damp climates. Linen is descriptive of yarns spun entirely from flax fibers, or fabrics woven from linen yarns. . Linen is a material made from the fibers of the flax (and historically, cannabis) plant.

linoleum, a floor covering made from linseed oil and other materials. linseed oil, an oil derived from flax seed. Linnet, a European finch that eats flax seed. lingerie, via French, originally denotes underwear made of linen.

lining, due to the fact that linen was often used to create a lining for wool and leather clothing. line, derived from the use of a linen thread to determine a straight line; other uses such as ocean liner derive ultimately from this use.