This page will contain discussion groups about James Garfield, as they become available.James A. Garfield(Redirected from James Garfield)James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881) was the 20th President of the United States (1881), and the second U.S. President to be assassinated. His term was the second shortest in U.S. history, after William Henry Harrison's. Holding office from March to September of 1881, President Garfield was in power for a total of just six months and fifteen days. Early lifeHe was born in Orange Township, now Moreland Hills, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, southeast of Cleveland to Abram Garfield and Eliza Ballou. He was named for his older brother James Ballou Garfield, who died in infancy, and his father, who died in 1833, when James Abram was 18 months old. He grew up cared for by his mother and an uncle. James Garfield at the age of 16From 1851 to 1854 he attended the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute (later named Hiram College) in Hiram, Ohio. He then transferred to Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts, from which he graduated in 1856, as an outstanding student who enjoyed all subjects except chemistry. He then taught at the Eclectic Institute. He was an instructor in classical languages for the 1856-1857 academic year, and was made president of the Institute from 1857 to 1860. Remarkably, the ambidextrous Garfield could simultaneously write in Greek with one hand and in Latin with the other. On November 11, 1858, he married Lucretia Rudolph. They had five children. A son, James Rudolph Garfield, followed him into politics and became Secretary of the Interior under Theodore Roosevelt. Garfield decided that the academic life was not for him, and studied law privately. He was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1860. Even before admission to the bar, he entered politics. He was elected an Ohio state senator in 1859, serving until 1861. He was an enthusiastic Republican all his political life. Notably, Garfield found a new proof for the Pythagorean theorem in 1876. Military careerWith the start of the Civil War, Garfield enlisted in the Union Army, and was assigned to command the 42nd Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Gen. Don Carlos Buell assigned Garfield the task of driving Confederate forces out of eastern Kentucky in November 1861, giving him the 18th Brigade for the campaign. In December, he departed Catlettsburg, Kentucky, with the 40th and 42nd Ohio and the 14th and 22nd Kentucky infantry regiments, as well as the 2nd (West) Virginia Cavalry and McLoughlin's Squadron of Cavalry. The march was uneventful until Union forces reached Paintsville, Kentucky, where Garfield's cavalry engaged the Confederate cavalry at Jenny's Creek on January 6, 1862. The Confederates withdrew to the forks of Middle Creek, two miles from Prestonsburg, Kentucky, on the road to Virginia. Garfield attacked on January 9. At the end of the day's fighting, the Confederates withdrew from the field, but Garfield did not pursue them. He ordered a withdrawal to Prestonsburg, so he could resupply his men. His victory brought him early recognition. He was transferred in April 1862 to the west, in time to participate in the Battle of Shiloh. He also fought at Chickamauga, eventually rising to the rank of major general. Later political careerPortrait of James GarfieldIn 1863, he re-entered politics, being elected to the United States House of Representatives that year. He succeeded in gaining re-election every two years up through 1878. In the House during the Civil War and the following Reconstruction era, he was one of the most hawkish Republicans, seeking to defeat and later weaken the South at every opportunity. In 1876, when James G. Blaine moved from the House to the United States Senate, Garfield became the Republican Floor Leader of the House. In 1876 Garfield was a Republican member of the Electoral Commission that awarded 22 hotly-contested electoral votes to Rutherford B. Hayes in his contest for the Presidency against Samuel J. Tilden. That year, he also purchased the property in Mentor that reporters later dubbed Lawnfield, and from which he would go on to conduct the first successful front porch campaign for the Presidency. The home is now maintained by the National Park Service as the James A. Garfield National Historic Site. PresidencyIn 1880, Garfield's life underwent tremendous change. It began with the impending end of Democratic U.S. Senator Allen Granberry Thurman's term. The Ohio legislature, which had recently again come under Republican control, chose Garfield as his replacement, commencing in 1881. He would never serve a day in the Senate, however. Later that year at their presidential nominating convention, the Republicans were split between former President Ulysses S. Grant, Maine's James G. Blaine, and Secretary of the Treasury John Sherman, a fellow Ohioan. Garfield strongly supported Sherman and made a speech formally nominating him, but early balloting made it clear that Sherman would not be the nominee. With neither Grant, Blaine nor Sherman able to win a majority of delegates after the first day of balloting, on the first ballot of the second day (and 34th overall) Wisconsin's delegation suddenly shifted all its votes to Garfield, who was aghast at the thought that he might be trying to thwart his friend Sherman's effort. The 35th ballot saw an even greater groundswell of support from former Blaine and Sherman supporters (Grant's supporters remained unanimously behind the former President), and on the 36th ballot Garfield was nominated, with virtually all of Blaine and Sherman's delegates breaking ranks to vote for the dark horse nominee. Ironically, the U.S. Senate seat to which Garfield had been chosen ultimately went to John Sherman, whose presidential candidacy Garfield had gone to the convention to support. Garfield defeated the Democratic candidate, Winfield Scott Hancock, another distinguished former Union Army general, by 214 electoral votes to 155. (The popular vote was much closer; see U.S. presidential election, 1880). President Garfield took office on March 4, 1881. During his administration, Garfield did his best to mediate Republican Party infighting. Garfield was a leader of the "Half-Breeds," who supported civil service reform and Hayes's relatively lenient treatment of the postwar South. His Vice President, Chester A. Arthur of New York, was a member of the "Stalwarts," who advocated the retention of the patronage system and a tougher stance regarding the former Confederate states. CabinetSupreme Court appointmentsIn his brief term in office, Garfield appointed a single Justice to the Supreme Court of the United States:
AssassinationPresident Garfield just after he was shot, as depicted in engraving from 1881 newspaper.Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau on July 2, 1881, less than four months after taking office. The President was walking through Union Station in Washington, D.C., accompanied by Secretary of State James G. Blaine. As he was being arrested after the shooting, Guiteau excitedly said, "I am a Stalwart of the Stalwarts! I did it and I want to be arrested! Arthur is President now," which briefly led to unfounded suspicions that Arthur or his supporters had put Guiteau up to the crime. Guiteau was upset because of the rejection of his repeated attempts to be appointed as the United States consul in Paris--a position for which he had absolutely no qualifications--and was mentally ill as well. Garfield's assassination was instrumental to the passage of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act on January 16, 1883. The second bullet that struck Garfield lodged in his back and could not be found. Alexander Graham Bell devised a metal detector in an attempt to find the bullet, but the metal bedframe Garfield was lying on confused the instrument. This was not realized at the time, bedframes being relatively rare. Garfield became increasingly ill over a period of several weeks due to infection and died 80 days after he was shot, of blood poisoning and bronchial pneumonia at 10:35 p.m. on Monday September 19, 1881 in Elberon, New Jersey. The ailing President had been moved to Elberon, a seaside community, in the vain hope that the fresh air and quiet there might aid his recovery. Most historians and medical experts now believe that Garfield probably would have survived his wound, had the doctors attending him been more capable. Several inserted their unsterilized fingers into the wound to probe for the bullet, and one doctor punctured Garfield's liver in doing so. Guiteau was found guilty of assassinating Garfield, despite his lawyers raising an insanity defense. He insisted (with some validity, as is now recognized) that incompetent medical care had really killed the President. Guiteau was sentenced to death, and was executed by hanging on June 30, 1882 in Washington, D.C.. Garfield monument at LakeView cemetryGarfield was buried, with great and solemn ceremony, in a mausoleum in Lakeview Cemetery in Cleveland, Ohio. He was the last person elected President directly from the United States House of Representatives. One of the most intelligent men ever to live in the White House, Garfield had great - but tragically unfulfilled - potential. Trivia
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One of the most intelligent men ever to live in the White House, Garfield had great - but tragically unfulfilled - potential. SEC filings including 10-k. He was the last person elected President directly from the United States House of Representatives. See Yahoo! analyst converage. Garfield was buried, with great and solemn ceremony, in a mausoleum in Lakeview Cemetery in Cleveland, Ohio. Job: name, age, pay. Guiteau was sentenced to death, and was executed by hanging on June 30, 1882 in Washington, D.C.. Jack Welch introduced the use of the six sigma quality system, originally developed at Motorola, within GE. He insisted (with some validity, as is now recognized) that incompetent medical care had really killed the President. In 1987, GE was the United States' second largest nuclear power company and third largest producer of nuclear weapons systems. Guiteau was found guilty of assassinating Garfield, despite his lawyers raising an insanity defense. In running GE's many diverse businesses he maintained a policy of only keeping those businesses which were #1 or #2 within their respective industries. Several inserted their unsterilized fingers into the wound to probe for the bullet, and one doctor punctured Garfield's liver in doing so. Nicknamed "Neutron Jack", he presided over a 28-fold increase in earnings (on a 5-fold increase in revenue) with his policy (referred to by detractors as "rank and yank") of sacking the worst performing 10% of his staff every year. Most historians and medical experts now believe that Garfield probably would have survived his wound, had the doctors attending him been more capable. The CEO from 1981-2001 was Jack Welch, who many regard as one of the premier business managers of his era. The ailing President had been moved to Elberon, a seaside community, in the vain hope that the fresh air and quiet there might aid his recovery. Even though the first wave of conglomerates (such as ITT, Ling-Temco-Vought, Tenneco, etc) fell by the wayside by the mid-1980s, in the late 1990s, another wave (consisting of Westinghouse, Tyco, and others) tried and failed to emulate GE's success. on Monday September 19, 1881 in Elberon, New Jersey. It is also one of the largest lenders in countries other than the United States, such as Japan. Garfield became increasingly ill over a period of several weeks due to infection and died 80 days after he was shot, of blood poisoning and bronchial pneumonia at 10:35 p.m. Interestingly, over half of GE's revenue is derived from financial services, ostensibly making it a financial company with a manufacturing arm. This was not realized at the time, bedframes being relatively rare. It has a presence in over 100 countries. Alexander Graham Bell devised a metal detector in an attempt to find the bullet, but the metal bedframe Garfield was lying on confused the instrument. As GE Commercial Finance, GE Consumer Finance, GE Equipment Services, and GE Insurance it offers a range of financial services as well. The second bullet that struck Garfield lodged in his back and could not be found. It was co-founder and is 80% owner (with Vivendi Universal) of NBC Universal, the National Broadcasting Company. Garfield's assassination was instrumental to the passage of the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act on January 16, 1883. Through these businesses, GE participates in a wide variety of markets including the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity, lighting, industrial automation, medical imaging equipment, motors, railway locomotives, aircraft jet engines, aviation services and materials such as plastics, silicones and abrasives. Guiteau was upset because of the rejection of his repeated attempts to be appointed as the United States consul in Paris--a position for which he had absolutely no qualifications--and was mentally ill as well. The list of GE businesses varies over time as the result of acquisitions, disposals and reorganizations. As he was being arrested after the shooting, Guiteau excitedly said, "I am a Stalwart of the Stalwarts! I did it and I want to be arrested! Arthur is President now," which briefly led to unfounded suspicions that Arthur or his supporters had put Guiteau up to the crime. GE describes itself as composed of a number of primary business units or "businesses." Each "business" is itself a vast enterprise, any of which would, if separate, rank in the Fortune 500 by itself. Blaine. GE is an enormous multinational industrial company headquartered in Fairfield, Connecticut. The President was walking through Union Station in Washington, D.C., accompanied by Secretary of State James G. In 2005, General Electric bought the financial assets of the Canadian airplane manufacturer Bombardier for $1.4 billion [2]. Guiteau on July 2, 1881, less than four months after taking office. In that same year, GE also acquired the credit card unit of the department store Dillard's for $1.25 billion. Garfield was shot by Charles J. Also in 2004, GE completed the spinoff of most of its life and mortgage insurance assets into an independent company, Genworth Financial, based in Richmond, Virginia. In his brief term in office, Garfield appointed a single Justice to the Supreme Court of the United States:. The new company was named NBC Universal. His Vice President, Chester A. In 1986, GE re-acquired RCA, primarily for the NBC television network. Garfield was a leader of the "Half-Breeds," who supported civil service reform and Hayes's relatively lenient treatment of the postwar South. In 1970 GE sold its computer division to Honeywell. During his administration, Garfield did his best to mediate Republican Party infighting. It has been said that GE got into the computer manufacturing business because in the 1950's they were the largest user of computers outside of the Federal Government. President Garfield took office on March 4, 1881. A Datanet 600 computer was designed, but never sold. presidential election, 1880). Among them were the GE 215, GE 225, GE 235 and GE 600 series general purpose computers, the GE 4010, GE 4020, and GE 4060 real time process control computers, and the Datanet 30 message switching computer. (The popular vote was much closer; see U.S. GE had an extensive line of general purpose and special purpose computers. Garfield defeated the Democratic candidate, Winfield Scott Hancock, another distinguished former Union Army general, by 214 electoral votes to 155. General Electric was one of the eight major computer companies (with IBM - the largest, Burroughs, Scientific Data Systems, Control Data Corporation, Honeywell, RCA and UNIVAC) through most of the 1960s. Senate seat to which Garfield had been chosen ultimately went to John Sherman, whose presidential candidacy Garfield had gone to the convention to support. The Radio Corporation of America (RCA) was founded by GE and AT&T in 1919 to further international radio. Ironically, the U.S. GE is the only one that remains today. The 35th ballot saw an even greater groundswell of support from former Blaine and Sherman supporters (Grant's supporters remained unanimously behind the former President), and on the 36th ballot Garfield was nominated, with virtually all of Blaine and Sherman's delegates breaking ranks to vote for the dark horse nominee. In 1896, General Electric was one of the original 12 companies listed on the newly-formed Dow Jones Industrial Average. With neither Grant, Blaine nor Sherman able to win a majority of delegates after the first day of balloting, on the first ballot of the second day (and 34th overall) Wisconsin's delegation suddenly shifted all its votes to Garfield, who was aghast at the thought that he might be trying to thwart his friend Sherman's effort. In 1892, these two major companies combined to form the General Electric Company, with its headquarters in Schenectady, New York. Garfield strongly supported Sherman and made a speech formally nominating him, but early balloting made it clear that Sherman would not be the nominee. As businesses expanded, it became increasingly difficult for either company to produce complete electrical installations relying solely on their own technology. Blaine, and Secretary of the Treasury John Sherman, a fellow Ohioan. Mergers with competitors and the patent rights owned by each company put them into dominant positions in the electrical industry. Grant, Maine's James G. Coffin, a former shoe manufacturer from Lynn, Massachusetts. Later that year at their presidential nominating convention, the Republicans were split between former President Ulysses S. It merged with various companies and was later led by Charles A. He would never serve a day in the Senate, however. Houston formed the rival Thomson-Houston Company. The Ohio legislature, which had recently again come under Republican control, chose Garfield as his replacement, commencing in 1881. J. Senator Allen Granberry Thurman's term. In 1879, Elihu Thomson and E. It began with the impending end of Democratic U.S. By 1890, Edison had organized his various businesses into the Edison General Electric Company. In 1880, Garfield's life underwent tremendous change. Out of the laboratory was to come perhaps the most famous invention of all—a successful development of the incandescent electric lamp. Garfield National Historic Site. In 1876, Thomas Alva Edison opened a new laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey. The home is now maintained by the National Park Service as the James A. . That year, he also purchased the property in Mentor that reporters later dubbed Lawnfield, and from which he would go on to conduct the first successful front porch campaign for the Presidency. GE, which was a conglomerate long before the term was coined, is one of the very few corporations to achieve great success with this kind of organization. Tilden. tax laws and accounting practices made it fashionable to assemble conglomerates. Hayes in his contest for the Presidency against Samuel J. In the 1960s, peculiarities in U.S. In 1876 Garfield was a Republican member of the Electoral Commission that awarded 22 hotly-contested electoral votes to Rutherford B. It should not be confused with The General Electric Company plc, which was renamed Marconi plc in 1999. Blaine moved from the House to the United States Senate, Garfield became the Republican Floor Leader of the House. However, on the back of high oil prices, ExxonMobil has outranked GE for most of 2005. In 1876, when James G. Going into 2005, it was the world's largest corporation in terms of market cap ([1]). In the House during the Civil War and the following Reconstruction era, he was one of the most hawkish Republicans, seeking to defeat and later weaken the South at every opportunity. The General Electric Company, or GE, NYSE: GE is a multinational technology and services company. He succeeded in gaining re-election every two years up through 1878. Rank and yank. In 1863, he re-entered politics, being elected to the United States House of Representatives that year. MOOSE. He also fought at Chickamauga, eventually rising to the rank of major general. List of assets owned by General Electric. He was transferred in April 1862 to the west, in time to participate in the Battle of Shiloh. Lexan. His victory brought him early recognition. Borazon. He ordered a withdrawal to Prestonsburg, so he could resupply his men. Employees (2004): 315,000. At the end of the day's fighting, the Confederates withdrew from the field, but Garfield did not pursue them. Revenue ([5]): $152.4 billion. Garfield attacked on January 9. Dray, Deane (Goldman Sachs). The Confederates withdrew to the forks of Middle Creek, two miles from Prestonsburg, Kentucky, on the road to Virginia. Parent, Nicole (Credit Suisse First Boston). The march was uneventful until Union forces reached Paintsville, Kentucky, where Garfield's cavalry engaged the Confederate cavalry at Jenny's Creek on January 6, 1862. Cornell, Robert (Lehman Brothers). In December, he departed Catlettsburg, Kentucky, with the 40th and 42nd Ohio and the 14th and 22nd Kentucky infantry regiments, as well as the 2nd (West) Virginia Cavalry and McLoughlin's Squadron of Cavalry. Germanotta, Jeffrey (William Blair & Company, L.L.C.). Don Carlos Buell assigned Garfield the task of driving Confederate forces out of eastern Kentucky in November 1861, giving him the 18th Brigade for the campaign. Oct 8, 2004 - Earnings Conference Call (Q3 2004) (press release and slides) (audio). Gen. January 21, 2005 - Earnings Conference Call (Q4 2004) (press release and slides) (audio). With the start of the Civil War, Garfield enlisted in the Union Army, and was assigned to command the 42nd Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Vice Chairman: Robert Charles Wright, 60, $11.05M. Notably, Garfield found a new proof for the Pythagorean theorem in 1876. Vice Chairman: Dennis Dammerman, 58, $11.49M. He was an enthusiastic Republican all his political life. Reiner. He was elected an Ohio state senator in 1859, serving until 1861. CIO: Gary M. Even before admission to the bar, he entered politics. Sherin, 45. He was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1860. CFO: Keith S. Garfield decided that the academic life was not for him, and studied law privately. CEO: Jeff Immelt, 48, $7.66M. A son, James Rudolph Garfield, followed him into politics and became Secretary of the Interior under Theodore Roosevelt. In 2004 GE was named number one company for employers and employees on the Forbes 500 Global Player list. They had five children. The company's market capitalization ([3]) is almost $100 billion higher than that of Microsoft ([4]). On November 11, 1858, he married Lucretia Rudolph. WMC Mortgage Corp. Remarkably, the ambidextrous Garfield could simultaneously write in Greek with one hand and in Latin with the other. Transport International Pool Inc. He was an instructor in classical languages for the 1856-1857 academic year, and was made president of the Institute from 1857 to 1860. NBC Universal, Inc. He then taught at the Eclectic Institute. MRA Systems, Inc. He then transferred to Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts, from which he graduated in 1856, as an outstanding student who enjoyed all subjects except chemistry. Instrumentarium Corporation. From 1851 to 1854 he attended the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute (later named Hiram College) in Hiram, Ohio. HPSC, Inc. He grew up cared for by his mother and an uncle. Global Nuclear Fuel - Japan Co., Ltd. He was named for his older brother James Ballou Garfield, who died in infancy, and his father, who died in 1833, when James Abram was 18 months old. General Electric Mortgage Insurance Corporation. He was born in Orange Township, now Moreland Hills, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, southeast of Cleveland to Abram Garfield and Eliza Ballou. GE Transportation. . GE Supply. Holding office from March to September of 1881, President Garfield was in power for a total of just six months and fifteen days. GE Small Business Finance Corporation. history, after William Henry Harrison's. GE Security. His term was the second shortest in U.S. GE SeaCo SRL. President to be assassinated. GE Osmonics. James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881) was the 20th President of the United States (1881), and the second U.S. GE Money. History of the United States (1865-1918). GE Insurance. presidential election, 1880. GE Infrastructure. U.S. GE Healthcare. Of the 256 proofs of the Pythagorean Theorm in the "Pythagorean Proposition" by Elisha Scott Loomis, one is attributed to Garfield. GE Global Research. Garfield was the first ambidextrous President. GE Franchise Finance Corporation. Stanley Matthews - 1881. GE Financial Assurance Holdings, Inc. GE Fanuc Automation North America, Inc. GE Equipment Services. GE Engine Services, Inc. GE Energy. GE Consumer Finance. GE Consumer & Industrial. GE Commercial Finance. GECAS. GE Capital Rail Services. GE Capital IT Solutions. GE Advanced Materials. Access Distribution. |