Indianapolis, Indiana

The opening credits of the show include a shot of the Pyramids, a set of distinctive office buildings located near the northern edge of the city.
. Television sitcom One Day at a Time and Men Behaving Badly were situated in Indianapolis.
. Indianapolis is the second most populous capital city in the United States (including Washington, DC), after Phoenix, Arizona. The streak, encompassing 24 games (also an NFL record) came to an end on September 12, 2004, when the Lions defeated the Bears 20-16 at Soldier Field in Chicago. Senator Dick Lugar, who served in the 1970s. The team has had considerable difficulty remaining competitive in recent years, going the entire 2001, 2002 and 2003 seasons without a road victory, thus becoming the only team in NFL history not to win on the road for three consecutive entire seasons.

Past mayors include Steve Goldsmith, Peterson's predecessor, and U.S. This was the first time a team that had been shut out in its opener had reached the conference title round, and would remain the only such occasion until both the Philadelphia Eagles and the New England Patriots did likewise in 2003 (with New England going on to win the Super Bowl). The mayor of Indianapolis (as of 2005) is Bart Peterson. In 1991, the Lions reached the NFC championship game after having been shut out 45-0 by the Washington Redskins on opening day; they also lost to the Redskins in the NFC championship game that year by a score of 41-10. Indianapolis's Union Station, one of the busiest rail depots in its time, employed a young Thomas Edison as a telegraph operator. Led by Sims, the team got off to a promising start that year and attracted considerable media attention when they adopted "Another One Bites The Dust," popularized by glam rock band Queen, as an unofficial team song. Indianapolis is the international headquarters of the pharmaceutical corporation Eli Lilly and Company, the US headquarters of Roche Diagnostics, and the world headquarters of Dow AgroSciences. In 1980, the Lions drafted running back Billy Sims with the first overall pick in the NFL draft.

Both of the US navy ships named USS Indianapolis were named for this city. He remained friends with a number of the players, particularly Mel Farr and Lem Barney, who appear on his 1971 classic single "What's Going On.". Other nicknames include ‘Circle City’ (after Monument Circle) and ‘Naptown’ (presumably shortened from ‘IndiaNAPolis’, but often taken derogatorily to mean "sleepy" or "boring"). He gained weight and trained for his tryout in 1970, but was cut early on. The most common nickname for Indianapolis is ‘Indy’. Motown soul singer Marvin Gaye made plans, after the death of duet partner Tammi Terrell, to join the Lions and go into football. Republicans still claim other county offices such as Prosecutor, Auditor, Clerk and Recorder. This was the basic material for his book Paper Lion, later made into a film.

In 2004, Democratic power increased yet again in Marion County as the offices of Marion County Treasurer, Surveyor and Coroner swung their way, also the first time since Unigov. In the mid-1960s, the Lions served as the backdrop for the humorous sports literature of George Plimpton, who spent time in the Lions training camp masquerading as a player. However, Republicans lost control of the City-County Council by just 13 votes -- the first time Democrats seized control since the inception of Unigov. On January 7, 1961, the Lions defeated the Cleveland Browns 17-16 in the first-ever Playoff Bowl matching the runners-up from the two conferences into which the NFL was divided at the time (the Lions also appeared in the game in both of the next two years pursuant to their having finished second to the Green Bay Packers in the Western Conference in all three seasons; the Playoff Bowl was abolished in 1970 when the merger of the NFL and AFL went into full effect). In 1999, Democrat Bart Peterson defeated Republican Secretary of State Sue Anne Gilroy, 52 percent to 41 percent, respectively. Four years later, Peterson won in a landslide with 63 percent of the vote. They won the league championship in 1952, 1953, and 1957. cities. For 36 years Republicans dominated city/county government, 32 of which were at the mayor's office. Detroit enjoyed its greatest success in the 1950s, led by QB Bobby Layne.

Until the 1990's, Indianapolis was considered to be one of the most conservative metropolitan areas in the country compared to other major U.S. In 1943, the Lions and the New York Giants played to a 0-0 tie at Detroit - the last time an NFL game has ended with that score. Transit. Under quarterback Dutch Clark, Detroit won its first NFL championship in 1935. Highways. That season, Detroit hosted its first ever Thanksgiving Day game, a tradition continued to this day. Airports. Poor revenues led to the team's move from Portsmouth, Ohio to Detroit in 1934.

The boundaries of these districts do not exactly correspond to township (or traditional) boundaries due to political concerns and the influence of a 1971 federal court ruling which held that the Indianapolis public schools were unlawfully segregated. The Bears won the game, 9-0, and the resulting interest led to the establishment of Eastern and Western conferences and a regular championship game beginning in 1933. Indianapolis has eleven unified public school districts (eight township educational authorities and three legacy districts from before the unification of city and county government) each of which provides primary, secondary, and adult education services within its boundaries. The Spartans-Bears game was played because both teams ended the regular season with the same won-lost percentage (the Spartans finished at 6-1-4 while the Bears were 6-1-6; ties were not reckoned as part of the percentage in the NFL until 1972). A merged campus created downtown in 1969 at the site of the Indiana University School of Medicine has continuously grown, with a student body today of just under 30,000, the third-largest campus in the state. As the Portsmouth Spartans, the franchise played in an unscheduled NFL championship game against the Chicago Bears in 1932. The last was originally an urban conglomeration of branch campuses of the two major state universities, Indiana University in Bloomington and Purdue University in West Lafayette, created by the state legislature. The Detroit Lions are a National Football League team based in Detroit, Michigan.

Indianapolis is the home of Butler University, the University of Indianapolis, Marian College, and Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis. Portsmouth Spartans Historical Society (http://www.portsmouthspartans.org/). As measured by the number of fans in attendance (estimated at close to 300,000), the Indianapolis 500 and the Brickyard 400 are the two largest annual single-day sporting events in the world. Detroit Lions official web site (http://www.detroitlions.com/)
. Grand Prix (recently moved from September to June). Wayne Walker. The Speedway also hosts the NASCAR Brickyard 400 stock car race (currently scheduled in August) and the Formula 1 U.S. Pat Swilling.

(Marmon, incidentally, was an Indianapolis manufacturer.) The "500" is currently part of the Indy Racing League series. Chris Spielman. The first 500-Mile Race (804.7 km), held in 1911, was won by driver Ray Harroun driving a Marmon Wasp. Billy Sims. Today the track is paved in asphalt, yet there remains a yard of bricks at the start/finish line. Glenn Presnell. The track is often referred to as "the Brickyard," as it was paved with 3.2 million bricks shortly after its initial construction in 1909. Robert Porcher.

The Indianapolis Motor Speedway, located in Speedway, is the site of the Indianapolis 500, an open-wheel automobile race held each Memorial Day weekend on the 2.5 mile (4 km) oval track. Milt Plum. In 1987 Indianapolis played host to the Pan American Games. Rodney Peete. Indianapolis has a large municipal park system, including Eagle Creek Park, one of the largest municipal parks in the nation. Herman Moore. Indianapolis also is the home of the Champ Car World Series, formerly known as CART, an auto racing series that competes worldwide. Dick LeBeau.

The city has been referred to as "The Amateur Sports Capital of the World". Greg Landry. In addition, the headquarters of the NCAA is in Indianapolis. Alex Karras. Indianapolis is the home of the Indianapolis Indians, a minor league baseball team in the International League, the Indiana Pacers of the National Basketball Association, the Indiana Fever of the Women's National Basketball Association, and the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League. Mel Farr. Out of the total population, 16.2% of those under the age of 18 and 8.1% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line. Jeff Chadwick.

11.9% of the population and 9.1% of families are below the poverty line. Roger Brown. The per capita income is $21,640. Lomas Brown. Males have a median income of $36,302 versus $27,738 for females. Jerry Ball. The median income for a household in the balance is $40,051, and the median income for a family is $48,755. Billy Sims (20).

For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 90.2 males. Barry Sanders (20). For every 100 females there are 93.7 males. Lem Barney (20). The median age is 34 years. Chuck Hughes (85). The age distribution is: 25.7% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 32.9% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who are 65 years of age or older. Joe Schmidt (56).

The average household size is 2.39 and the average family size is 3.04. Doak Walker (37). 32.0% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.5% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. Bobby Layne (22). There are 320,107 households out of which 29.8% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.6% are married couples living together, 15.1% have a female householder with no husband present, and 39.8% are non-families. Dutch Clark (7). The majority of the non-white population lives in the central and north portions of the inner-city area. Dan Wilkinson, DT.

3.92% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. Fernando Bryant, CB. The racial makeup of the balance was 69.09% white, 25.50% black or African American, 0.25% Native American, 1.43% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 2.04% from other races, and 1.64% from two or more races. Marcus Pollard, TE. There were 352,429 housing units at an average density of 376.4/km˛ (975.0/mi˛). Teddy Lehman, LB. The population density was 835.1/km˛ (2,163.0/mi˛). Charles Rogers, WR.

As of the census² of 2000, there were 791,870 people, 320,107 households, and 192,704 families residing in the city, but the metropolitan population was nearing 1.5 million. Boss Bailey, LB. For statistical data on the portion of the governmental area that is Indianapolis only (i.e., not counting included towns), see Indianapolis (balance), Indiana. Kennoy Kennedy, SS. Note: The statistical data in this article represents the entire consolidated Indianapolis-Marion County metropolitan government. Mike Williams, WR. (The street-numbering system centers not on the Circle, but rather one block to the south, where Meridian Street intersects Washington Street — National Road.). Roy Williams, WR.

states. Shaun Rogers, DT. Nearly all of the streets in the One-Mile Square are named after U.S. Kevin Jones, RB. (Monument Circle is depicted on the city’s flag, and is generally considered the city’s symbol.) Four diagonal streets pass through the corners of the Square but stop one to five blocks (depending on the street) before reaching the Circle. Joey Harrington, QB. At the center of the Square is Monument Circle, a traffic circle at the intersection of Meridian and Market Streets, featuring the Soldiers and Sailors Monument. Jeff Garcia QB.

At the center of Indianapolis is the One-Mile Square, bounded by East, West, North, and South Streets. Eddie Drummond, WR. The total area of the Consolidated City of Indianapolis, which does not count the four "excluded" communities, covers approximately 966.3 km˛ (373.1 mi˛). Dre' Bly, CB. These figures are bit misleading because they do not represent the entire Consolidated City of Indianapolis (all of Marion County, except the four "excluded" communities). Barry Sanders, RB (2004). The total area is 1.81% water. Lou Creekmur, G, T (1996).

936.2 km˛ (361.5 mi˛) of it is land and 17.3 km˛ (6.7 mi˛) of it is water. Lem Barney, DB (1992). According to the United States Census Bureau, "the balance" (that part of Marion County not part of another municipality) has a total area of 953.5 km˛ (368.2 mi˛). Doak Walker, HB (1986). After a very contentious and partisan debate, the Assembly passed an extremely watered-down version off the original bill; the final enacted legislation consolidates budgetary functions of the City and County, permits the Indianapolis City-County Council to vote to consolidate the Indianapolis Police Department and the Marion County Sheriff's Department, and theoretically permits consolidation of the Indianapolis Fire Department with township fire departments based upon approval of all affected parties. Yale Lary, DB, P (1979). Initially proposed by the current Mayor, Bart Peterson, a bill was introduced in the 2005 legislative session of the General Assembly which would have further consolidated local government in the City of Indianapolis and Marion County. Dick "Night Train" Lane, DB (1974).

Further consolidation of city and county services and functions would require passage of new legislation by the Indiana General Assembly. Joe Schmidt, LB (1973). Currently, Indianapolis is undergoing serious internal debate over how much, or whether, more of local taxation, government, and services should be further integrated. Jack Christiansen, DB (1970). However, the mayor of Indianapolis is also the mayor of all of Marion County, and the City-County Council sits as the legislative body for all of Marion County. Alex Wojciechowicz, C, LB (1968). Additionally, throughout Marion County certain local services such as schools, fire and police remain unconsolidated. Bobby Layne, QB (1967).

The 11 "included towns" elected to retain their "town status" under Unigov as defined according to the Indiana Constitution (there were originally 14, but 3 later dissolved), but the Indiana Constitution does not define "town status." These "included towns" are fully subject to the laws and control of the Consolidated City of Indianapolis, but some still impose a separate property tax and provide police and other services under contract with township or county government or the City of Indianapolis. Bill Dudley, HB (1966). 4(a)(2), which states that the Consolidated City of Indianapolis includes the entire area of Marion County, except the four previously mentioned "excluded" communities. Earl "Dutch" Clark, QB (1963). Also, 11 other communities (called "included towns") are legally included in the Consolidated City of Indianapolis under Unigov, per Indiana Code 36-3-1-4 sec. Four communities within Marion County (Beech Grove, Lawrence, Southport and Speedway) are partially outside of the Unigov arrangement.

For the most part, this resulted in a unification of Indianapolis with its immediate suburbs. As the result of a 1970 consolidation between city and county government (known as "Unigov"), the city of Indianapolis merged most government services with those of the county. While rioting broke out in cities across the United States following the news of King's assassination, Indianapolis was the only major city where rioting did not occur. Kennedy would deliver an impromptu speech on race reconciliation to a mostly African-American crowd in a poor inner-city Indianapolis neighborhood.

earlier that day. Kennedy would learn of the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. On April 4, 1968, while on route to a presidential campaign rally in Indianapolis, Robert F. Years later, Indianapolis would witness an historic moment in the Civil Rights Movement.

The Klan continued to dwindle in popularity in Indiana and nationwide, and the national organization officially disbanded in 1944. Governor Jackson was indicted on charges of bribery, but he was acquitted in 1928 because the statute of limitations had run out; he completed his term in disgrace. The Mayor of Indianapolis and several local officials were convicted of bribery and jailed. When Governor Jackson refused to pardon Stephenson, he retaliated by going public with information of corruption which brought down several politicians throughout Indiana.

Following Stephenson's conviction, the Klan suffered a tremendous blow and quickly lost influence. However, the power of the Klan would quickly begin to crumble after Stephenson was convicted at the end of 1925 for the rape and murder of a young Indianapolis woman, Madge Oberholtzer. Through the Klan, Stephenson ruled over the State of Indiana, leading a powerful national movement set on gaining control of the United States Congress and the White House. Klan-backed candidates took over the City Council, the Board of School Commissioners, and the Board of County Commissioners.

By then, more than 40 percent of the native-born white males in Indianapolis claimed membership in the Klan. The elections allowed the Klan to seize control of the Indiana General Assembly and place the corrupt Governor Edward Jackson in office. The Klan continued to solidify its stronghold on the state, taking over the Indiana Republican Party and using its new political might to establish a Klan-backed slate of candidates which swept state elections in 1924. The Klan became the most powerful political and social organization in the city during the period from 1921 through 1928.

Stephenson was appointed the Klan Grand Dragon of Indiana and 22 other states; he promptly moved the Indiana Klan's headquarters to Indianapolis, which was already coming under the Klan's influence. C. In 1922, D. The Indiana chapter of the Klan was founded in 1920 and quickly became the most powerful Klan organization in the United States.

A darker period of Indianapolis history began with the rise of the second Ku Klux Klan movement in the United States. However, the natural gas deposits were depleted by 1915, and this contributed to an abrupt end of the golden era. This led to a sharp increase in industries such as glass and automobile manufacturing. The state government offered a free supply of natural gas to factories that were built there.

Much of this was due to the discovery of a large natural gas deposit in central Indiana in the 1890s. Indianapolis entered a period of great prosperity at the beginning of the 20th century, and during this time the city witnessed great economic, social, and cultural progress. The city is a major trucking center, and the extensive network of highways has allowed Indianapolis to enjoy a relatively low amount of traffic congestion for a city its size. Today, four interstate roads intersect in Indianapolis: routes 65, 69, 70, and 74.

Louis. With roads as the spokes of a wheel, Indianapolis was on its way to becoming a major "hub" of regional transport connecting to Chicago, Louisville, Cincinnati, Columbus and St. With automobile companies as Duesenburg, Marmon, National, and Stutz, Indianapolis was a center of production rivaling Detroit, at least for a few years. The population soared from just over 8,000 in 1850 to more than 169,000 by 1900. Later, the automobile, as in most American cities, caused a suburban explosion.

The first railroad to service Indianapolis, the Madison & Indianapolis, began operation on October 1, 1847, and subsequent railroad connections enlarged the town. At the time, the 24 mile (39 km) portion of the Indianapolis section of the canal was dug and filled, but only an 8.29 mile (13.34 km) portion connecting downtown Indianapolis with the village of Broad Ripple to the north was ever operational. Construction of the Central Canal commenced in 1836, but Indiana went bankrupt in 1839 from the loans taken out under the aforementioned bill and all work on the project ceased. The Central Canal was planned to connect the Wabash and Erie Canal to the Ohio River, completing a link between Lake Erie in the State of Ohio with the portion of the Ohio River flowing through southern Indiana in order to promote trade and commerce along its length.

The Central Canal was one of eight major infrastructure projects authorized by the state's Mammoth Improvement Bill of 1835. The Central Canal was intended to run 296 miles (476 km) from near Logansport, through Indianapolis, and to Evansville. Through the mid-1800s, a horse-drawn barge canal by-passed the river bringing goods into the city. Indianapolis was founded on the White River under the incorrect assumption that the river would serve as a major transportation artery; however, the waterway was too sandy for trade. While the city lies on the old east-west National Road, the portion of that road that crosses Indiana was not completed until a decade after the city's founding.

Later, Governor's Circle became Monument Circle after the impressive 284-feet tall neoclassical limestone and bronze State Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, designed by German architect Bruno Schmitz, was completed on the site in 1901. Sulgrove, 1884). (See HISTORY OF INDIANAPOLIS AND MARION COUNTY INDIANA by B.R. The Governor's mansion was finally demolished in 1857.

Although an expensive Governor's mansion was finally constructed in 1827, no Governor ever lived in the house at Governor's Circle, as the site in the city center lacked any privacy. It was used as a market commons for over six years. Under Ralston's plan, at the center of the city was placed the Governor's Circle, a large circular commons, which was to be the site of the Governor's mansion. Ralston's original plan for Indianapolis called for a city of only 1 square mile.

Ralston was an apprentice to the French architect Pierre L'Enfant, and he helped L'Enfant plan Washington, DC. The state commissioned Alexander Ralston to design the new capital city. The first white settler is generally believed to be George Pogue, who on March 2, 1819 settled in a double log cabin along the White River in what is now White River State Park in downtown Indianapolis. Prior to its official founding, Indianapolis was a sparsely settled swampy area.

Indianapolis was founded as the state capital in 1821 by an act of the Indiana General Assembly. As of 2003, Marion County's population is 863,216. It is the county seat of Marion County. As of the census of 2000, its population is 791,926, also making it Indiana's most populous city.

state of Indiana. Indianapolis is the capital of the U.S. Kurt Vonnegut, novelist. Booth Tarkington, Novelist author of many books, including The Magnificent Ambersons.

Marc Summers, game show host. Ted Stevens, U.S. Senator from Alaska. Oscar Robertson, Basketball Hall of Famer (born in Tennessee, but grew up in Indianapolis). James Whitcomb Riley, writer (born in nearby Greenfield).

vice president. Dan Quayle, former U.S. Jane Pauley, television personality. Wes Montgomery, jazz guitarist.

Jake Lloyd, actor (resident),. David Letterman, talk show host. president (born in North Bend, Ohio). Benjamin Harrison, U.S.

Michael Graves, architect. Fox, actress. Vivica A. Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds, R&B music producer and performer.

John Dillinger, bank robber. Joyce DeWitt, comedy actress (born in West Virginia, but grew up in the suburb of Speedway). Senator from Washington. Maria Cantwell, U.S.

Philip Warren Anderson, theoretical physicist and 1977 Nobel Prize winner. Margaret Caroline Anderson, founder and editor of The Little Review. Central Indiana Commuter Services (CICS) funded by IndyGo to reduce pollution serves Indianapolis and surrounding counties. Six Major Interstates serve the Indianapolis area including I-70, I-74, I-65, I-69, I-465 Beltway, and I-865 Connector.

Indianapolis International Airport serves Indianapolis and Marion County.