Ho Chi Minh

He wished to be cremated and his ashes buried in urns on three Vietnamese hilltops, each in one of the three main regions of Vietnam (North, Central and South). The author Kevin Maney tried to find the origin of the quote, but has been unable to locate any speeches or documents of Watson's that contain this, nor are the words present in any contemporary articles about IBM. This was consistent with other Communist leaders who have been similarly displayed before and since, including Mao Zedong, Kim Il-Sung, and for a time, Josef Stalin, but the "honor" violated Hồ's last wishes. Although Watson is well known for his alleged 1943 statement: "I think there is a world market for maybe five computers," there is no evidence he ever made it. His embalmed body was put on display in a granite mausoleum modeled after Lenin's Tomb in Moscow. He is buried in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery in Sleepy Hollow, New York. Hồ died on the late evening of September 2, 1969 at his home in Hanoi at age 79 from multiple health problems including diabetes. He lived at 4 East Seventy-fifth Street in Manhattan at the time of his death.

His opponents, however, feel that he was not an admirable figure, claiming that he mandated the invasion of South Vietnam that resulted in the deaths of over a million of its citizens. Watson, served as president of IBM World Trade Corp. To his supporters Hồ Chí Minh is viewed positively as a committed Nationalist and Vietnamese Communist, who fought for a united Vietnamese state. His other son, Arthur K. During his presidency, Hồ was the center of a large personality cult in North Vietnam which increased in force after his death and when the former capital of South Vietnam, Saigon (Sàigòn), was captured it was renamed Hồ Chí Minh City within 24 hours. Watson, Jr. During his presidency, North Vietnam attempted disastrous agrarian reforms that resulted in tens of thousands of deaths, as landowners were publicly denounced as landlords and executed (he later repudiated these programs). A month before his death, Watson handed over the reins of the company to his older son, Thomas J.

Hồ led the war against the French (1946-1954) and, later, against the United States until his death. Watson was named chairman of IBM in September 1949. He was a leading force in trying to re-unite North Vietnam with South Vietnam through infiltration and insurrection during the 1960s. After the outbreak of World War II, Watson returned the medal, and the German government took control of the Dehomag operation. Hồ was almost captured by a group of French Soldiers led by Jean-Etienne Valluy at Viet Bac, but he was able to slip into a camouflaged hole at the last minute. In 1937, Watson received the Eagle with Star medal from German Chancellor Adolf Hitler, for the help that IBM subsidiary Dehomag and its Hollerith punchcard machines provided the Nazi regime for tabulating census data. He signed an agreement with France which recognized Vietnam as an autonomous state in the Indochinese Federation and the French Union on March 6, 1946 but that compromise did not prevent the war that begun that December between Hồ's forces and the French who tried to re-establish their colonial rule in the country; following the Chinese withdrawal from the North in exchange for French-occupied territories in China. This work, however, was not without controversy.

Hồ Chí Minh became President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) in 1954 (he had declared himself President on March 2, 1946 but this was not recognised internationally), when he forced Emperor Bao Dai to abdicate. He was presented with honorary degrees by 27 colleges and universities in the United States and four abroad. After adopting the name Hồ Chí Minh (胡 志明), a Sino-Vietnamese name with a common surname (Hồ) and a given name meaning aspiring (Chí) to light (Minh), he returned to Vietnam in 1941 to lead the Viet Minh independence movement, conducting successful military actions against the Japanese occupation forces and later against the French bid to reoccupy the country (1946-1954). Watson served as a trustee of Columbia University and Lafayette College. He later moved to Guangzhou, China, where he founded the Vietnamese Communist Party. For many years Mr. He soon helped form the French Communist Party and spent much time in Moscow. He adopted for IBM the slogan, "World Peace Through World Trade," worked closely with the International Chamber of Commerce and in 1937 was elected its president.

President at the time Woodrow Wilson for help to overthrow the French in Vietnam and to have a free democratic government like the French, but was again denied. Throughout his life, Watson maintained a deep interest in international relations. He asked the U.S. As part of this, he was famous for making his salespeople at both NCR and IBM attend sing-a-longs (see The IBM Songbook below). Following World War I, as Nguyễn Ái Quốc, he petitioned the great powers at the Versailles peace talks for equal rights in French Indochina but was ignored. He considered an important part of his job to motivate the sales force. Hồ embraced Communism while living abroad in England (where he trained as a pastry chef under Escoffier) as well as France from 1915 - 1923. IBM owned more than 90 percent of all tabulating machines in the United States at the time.

He often went to the public library, read newspapers and paid much attention to the current affairs and political issues. Watson built IBM into such a powerful force that the federal government filed a civil antitrust suit against them in 1952. On the other hand, he was very excited with what he learned from a totally different world each day. In 1924 the company took the name International Business Machines. Hồ’s first time abroad was not easy, he worked hard in any job he could find, such as being a cleaner, waiter, cook helper, film developer. When he took the job, the company had fewer than 400 employees. In 1911, Hồ went to the South to Gia Dinh (Saigon) and joined a ship en route to Marseille, France as a cabin-boy. This was a company that had only been in existence for three years.

However, his application was rejected. Watson became the president of the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company on May 1, 1914. Historian Nguyen The Anh has photocopied and published it in his book. Watson, served as president of IBM World Trade Corp., the company's international operations. This document is still preserved at the National Archives of France. The younger son, Arthur K. Hồ made an application form for a course at the French "Colonial Administrative School" which Hồ filled out right after he arrived in Marseille. Watson, Jr., became head of IBM shortly before his father's death.

He also received a modern secondary education at a French-style Lycee in Hue, the same alma mater of his later disciples, Pham Van Dong and Vo Nguyen Giap. The older son, Thomas J. His father, Nguyễn Sinh Sắc was a Confucian scholar, and Hồ himself received a strong Confucian upbringing. Both sons followed him into the family business, rising to top executive positions at IBM. Afraid of repercussions from the Authorities, Hồ went into hiding. The couple had two sons and two daughters. His father was convicted after he killed a friend after a drink session. Kittredge on April 17, 1913.

Hồ had two siblings, his brother Nguyen Tat Dat (or Ca Khiem), a geomancer and traditional herbalist and his sister Bach Lien (or Thanh) who worked as a clerk in the French Army. Watson married Jeanette M. Following Confucian traditions, he received the name Nguyễn Tất Thành at age 10. However, the Court of Appeals overturned the conviction on appeal in 1915, on the grounds that important defense evidence should have been admitted. Hồ was born in Hoang Tru and grew up in Kim Lien, Nam Dan District, Nghe An Province, Vietnam. Their conviction was unpopular with the public, due to the efforts of Patterson and Watson to help those affected by the 1913 Dayton, Ohio floods, but efforts to have them pardoned by President Woodrow Wilson were unsuccessful. . Patterson (the owner of NCR), to one year of imprisonment.

He was originally named Nguyễn Sinh Cung, is also known as Nguyễn Tất Thành, Nguyễn Ái Quốc (a name used by other individuals as well, means "Nguyen the patriot"), Lý Thụy, Hồ Quang (among others) and is popularly called Bác Hồ (uncle Hồ) in Vietnam. He was sentenced, along with John H. Hồ Chí Minh (meaning "Ho, Enlightened Will") (Chữ nôm: 胡志明) listen^? (May 19, 1890 – September 2, 1969) was a Vietnamese revolutionary and statesman, who later became Prime Minister (1954) and President (1954 - 1969) of North Vietnam. he used to have people sell deliberately faulty cash registers, either second-hand NCR or from competitors; soon after the second-hand NCR or competitors cash register failed, an NCR salesperson would arrive to sell them a brand new NCR cash register). The Macmillan Company. While at NCR, he was convicted for illegal anti-competitive sales practices (e.g. Vision Accomplished? The Enigma of Ho Chi Minh. Bent on inspiring the dispirited NCR sales force, Watson introduced the motto, "THINK," which later became a widely known symbol of IBM.

1971. He eventually worked his way up to general sales manager. Khac Huyen. Later he sold sewing machines and musical instruments before joining the National Cash Register Company (NCR) as a salesman in Buffalo. N. His first job was at age 18 as a bookkeeper in Clarence Risley's Market in Painted Post, New York. Theia. His formal education consisted of only a course in the Elmira School of Commerce.

Ho Chi Minh: A Life. Watson was born in Campbell, New York. 2000. . Duiker. He was one of the richest men of his time and called the world's greatest salesman when he died. William J. Watson, Sr. (February 17, 1874 – June 19, 1956) is considered to be the founder of International Business Machines (IBM).

Little, Brown and Company. Thomas J. Fire in the Lake: The Vietnamese and Americans in Vietnam. IBM and the Holocaust. 1972. Black, Edwin. Francis Fitzgerald. ISBN 0471414638.