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Halliburton

For other uses, see Haliburton.
For information on the early 20th century explorer of the same name, see Richard Halliburton

Halliburton Energy Services NYSE: HAL is a multinational corporation based in Houston, Texas. With revenues exceeding $20.46 (billion U.S. FY 2004) and over 95,000 employees, Halliburton operates in two major business segments. The Energy Services Group provides technical products and services for oil and gas exploration and production. The KBR group is a major construction company of mainly refineries, oilfields & pipelines, and chemical plants.

Business Overview

Energy Services, the company's historical bedrock, includes: drilling & formation evaluation, digital & consulting solutions, production volume optimization, and fluid Systems. This business continues to be profitable, and the company is a world leader in this industry; Schlumberger is the company's closest competitor.

With the acquisition of Dresser Industries in 1998, the Kellogg-Brown & Root division (in 2002 renamed to KBR) was formed by merging Halliburton's Brown & Root (acquired 1962) subsidiary and the M.W. Kellogg division of Dresser (which Dresser had merged with in 1988). KBR is a major international construction company, which is a highly volatile undertaking subject to wild fluctuations in revenue and profit. Asbestos-related litigation from the Kellogg acquisition caused the company to book over $4.0 (billion U.S.) in losses from 2002 through 2004.

As a result of the asbestos-related costs, Halliburton lost approximately $900 million U.S. a year from 2002 through 2004.

At a meeting for investors and analysts in August 2004, a plan was outlined to divest the KBR division through a possible sale, spin-off or initial public offering. Analysts at Deutsche Bank value KBR at up to $2.15 billion, while others believe it could be worth closer to $3 billion by the time management decides what to do with the business in 2005.

History

1919 to 1990

Mr. and Mrs. Erle P. Halliburton first tried to find work cementing oil wells in Burkburnett, Texas then moved their business (New Method Oil Well Cementing Company) to the Healdton field near Ardmore, Oklahoma.

  • 1920: reorganized - Halliburton Oil Well Cementing Company
  • 1921: headquarters - Duncan, Oklahoma
  • 1924: incorporation
  • 1948: New York Stock Exchange listing
  • 1957: acquisition of Welex Jet Services of Fort Worth, Texas
  • 1960: name shortened to Halliburton Company
  • 1961: headquarters - Dallas, Texas
  • 1962: acquisition of Brown and Root of Houston, Texas
  • 1988: acquisition of Geophysical Service Incorporated from Texas Instruments
  • 198?: acquisition of Geosource
  • 198?: Halliburton Logging Services
  • 1982: workforce - 115,000
  • 1982: energy industry decline
  • 1991: workforce - 73,000

1990s

  • In the aftermath of Operation Desert Storm in Kuwait in 1991, Halliburton crews helped bring 320 burning oil wells under control.
  • In the early 1990s Halliburton was found to be in violation of federal trade barriers in Iraq and Libya, having sold these countries dual-use oil drilling equipment and, through its former subsidiary, Halliburton Logging Services, sending six pulse neutron generators to Libya. After having pleaded guilty, the company was fined $1.2 million, with another $2.61 million in penalties.
  • In the Balkans conflict in the 1990s, KBR supported U.S. peacekeeping forces in Bosnia, Croatia and Hungary with food, laundry, transportation and other lifecycle management services.
  • In 1995 Dick Cheney became chairman and CEO
  • In 1998 Halliburton merged with Dresser Industries, which included Kellogg.


2000s

  • On 10 April 2001 the Dresser division (excluding the former Kellogg division) entered an agreement to separate itself once again from Halliburton by management purchasing its equity, the new company to be called Dresser Inc.
  • In 2001 it was reported by The Wall Street Journal that a subsidiary of Halliburton Energy Services called Halliburton Products and Services Ltd. opened an office in Tehran. The company, HPS, operated "behind an unmarked door on the ninth floor of a new north Tehran tower block." Although HPS was incorporated in the Cayman Islands in 1975 and is "non-American", it shares both the logo and name of Halliburton Energy Services and, according to Dow Jones Newswires offers services from Halliburton units world-wide through its Tehran office. Such behaviour, undertaken while Cheney was CEO of Halliburton, may have violated the Trading with the Enemy Act. A Halliburton spokesman, responding to inquiries from Dow Jones, said "This is not breaking any laws. This is a foreign subsidiary and no US person is involved in this. No US person is facilitating any transaction. We are not performing directly in that country." No legal action has been taken against the company or its officials.
  • In 2002, Judicial Watch, a public action lawfirm, filed suit on behalf of shareholders against Halliburton, its current and former directors, and its accounting firm, Arthur Andersen LLP and Arthur Andersen Worldwide, for alleged accounting irregularities, said to be profit inflation by accounting for cost overruns as revenue. The Securities and Exchange Commission investigated the same issue. Halliburton counters that the practice was approved by its accounting firm, Arthur Andersen, and conforms to generally accepted accounting practices. In August, 2004, Halliburton paid a $7.5 million fine to settle the issue.
  • In April 2002, KBR was awarded a $7 million contract to construct steel holding cells at Camp X-Ray. More recently, the subsidiary was awarded a no-bid contract to conduct oil well firefighting in Iraq worth an estimated $1 billion. In May 2003, Halliburton's role under contract with regard to Iraqi oilfields was expanded to include "operation of facilities and distribution of products". [1]
  • In May 2003, Halliburton revealed in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission that its KBR subsidiary had paid a Nigerian official $2.4 million in bribes in order to receive favorable tax treatment. [2] [3]
  • As of 2003, Halliburton was still operating in Iran. CNN, in a report entitled "US companies are operating in Iran despite sanctions," reported that a Halliburton spokesperson told the news agency that HPS helps Iran build oil rigs in the country's south.

Iraq Controversy

Wikinews has news related to this article: Civilians testify to Halliburton fraud, coercion

KBR has contracts in Iraq worth up to $18 billion, including a single no-bid contract known as "Restore Iraqi Oil" (RIO) which has an estimated worth of $7 billion.

Today KBR employ over 30,000 men and women in Iraq. Halliburton's work in Iraq is diverse and complicated. In addition to troop support, Halliburton also provides air traffic control support; produces 74 million gallons of water a month for consumption, hygiene and laundry; deploys as many as 700 trucks a day to deliver essentials to American forces; and provides firefighter and crash-rescue services, as well as working to restore Iraqi oil infrastructure.

Despite cronyism allegations, the company's contracts in Iraq are much less profitable than its core energy business. They are expected to have generated more than $13 billion in sales by the time they start to expire in 2006 but most offer low margins - less than 2% on average in 2003 and just 1.4% this year for the logistics work.

Halliburton is the only company mentioned by terrorist Osama bin Laden in an April 2004 tape where he claims that "this is a war [in Iraq] that is benefiting major companies with billions of dollars."

An audit of KBR by The Pentagon’s Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA) found $108 million in "questioned costs" and, as of mid-March 2005, said they still had "major" unresolved issues with Halliburton.

Dick Cheney ties

In recent years the company has become the center of many controversies involving the 2003 Iraq War and the company's ties to US Vice President Dick Cheney.

Bill Gertz, defense reporter for The Washington Times, wrote: "Vice President Dick Cheney was chief executive officer of Halliburton from 1995 until 2000, and Democrats repeatedly have tried to link the administration to claims of government favoritism toward the firm." [4].

Cheney retired from the company during the 2000 U.S. presidential election campaign with a severance package worth $20 million.

Cheney's deferred compensation from Halliburton, which appeared on Cheney's 2001 financial disclosure statement, generated an income between $50,000 to $100,000 for the vice president. Dick Cheney also retains 433,000 share-equivalent unexercised stock options at Halliburton.

On the question of Cheney's deferred compensation from Halliburton, officials of the Bush-Cheney campaign said that before entering office in 2001, Cheney bought an insurance policy that guaranteed a fixed amount of deferred payments from Halliburton each year for five years so that the payments would not depend on the company's fortunes. The officials also said he had promised to donate to charity any after-tax profits he made from exercising his stock options. These steps are not unusual for corporate executives who enter government.

Allegations of fraud

Allegations of fraud by Halliburton, specifically with regard to its operations in Iraq, have persisted since before the Iraq War. The associations between U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney and Halliburton, had led many to speculate with regard to improprieties and profiteering from the war.

On June 27, 2005, the Democratic Party held a public committee, aired on C-SPAN 3, at which former civilian employees based in or administering operations in Iraq, testified to specific instances of waste, fraud, and other abuses and irregularities by Halliburton and its subsidiary Kellogg, Brown and Root (KBR).

Among the senators and representatives present at the hearing were Byron Dorgan (presiding), Henry Waxman, Frank Lautenberg, and Mark Dayton.

Among those testifying were Bunny Greenhouse, former Chief Contracting Officer of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Rory Mayberry, former Food Program Manager for Halliburton subsidiary, and Allan Waller, of the Lloyd-Owen International security and operations firm.

Greenhouse, who provided the bulk of testimony, spoke for several minutes about her involvement in the evaluation and crafting of government Army contracts, and explaining how her superiors undermined and dismissed her concerns of illegal business practices. "Ultimately my main was concern was the repeated insistence RIO contract be awarded to KBR without competitive bidding," Greenhouse said. She testified to have been given misinformation in answer to her complaints, saying she was "overtly misled."

Mayberry, still in Iraq, testified by video from questions prepared by the committee. He said that KBR routinely sold expired food rations to the Army.

The recorded interviewer asked, "Are you saying that Halliburton deliberately falsified the number of meals they prepared and then submitted false claims for reimbursement and that they did this to make up for past amounts auditors had disallowed?" Mayberry firmly answered "yes." He said that serving expired food rations was "an everyday occurrence, sometimes every meal." He also explained that Halliburton systematically overcharged for the number of meals as well, saying, "they were charging for 20,000 meals and they were only serving 10,000 meals." Dorgan later commented, "obviously there's no honor here, by a company that would serve outdated food to our troops in Iraq."

Mayberry also claimed would-be whistleblowers were threatened "to be sent to Falluja" and other "places under fire" if they talked to media or governmental oversight officials. In 2003 and 2004, Falluja had been well known as dangerous for foreign troops and civilians. "I personally was sent to Falluja for three weeks. The manager told me that I was being sent away until the auditors were gone, because I had talked to the auditors," Mayberry said.

"The threat of being sent to a camp under fire was their way of keeping us quiet. The employees who talked to auditors were sent to camps under more fire than other camps, and Anaconda." This report led Dorgan and others to voice considerable outrage.

Allan Waller testified to specific examples of how KBR officials had conspired in blocking of Lloyd-Owen fuel transports, and using other coersive means against is competitor. British based Lloyd-Owen has a direct contract with the Iraq government to provide fuel to various parts of the country.

In his introductory remarks, Dorgan explained that Senate Republicans had blocked any attempts at having a formal bi-partisan hearing, resulting in a separate committee.


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In his introductory remarks, Dorgan explained that Senate Republicans had blocked any attempts at having a formal bi-partisan hearing, resulting in a separate committee. Ryanair's total firm orders stand at 230 and the newly ordered aircraft will be delivered in spring 2007 (ref: Air International, July 2005). British based Lloyd-Owen has a direct contract with the Iraq government to provide fuel to various parts of the country. On 13 June 2005 Ryanair confirmed a $286 million order for 5 Boeing 737-800 aircraft, which is a conversion of five existing options from an order in 2002. Allan Waller testified to specific examples of how KBR officials had conspired in blocking of Lloyd-Owen fuel transports, and using other coersive means against is competitor. It currently has firm orders for an additional 225 Boeing 737-800 aircraft by 2010, with options on a further 193. The employees who talked to auditors were sent to camps under more fire than other camps, and Anaconda." This report led Dorgan and others to voice considerable outrage. The Ryanair fleet consists of the following aircraft (at April 2005):.

"The threat of being sent to a camp under fire was their way of keeping us quiet. Ryanair's interactive destination map. The manager told me that I was being sent away until the auditors were gone, because I had talked to the auditors," Mayberry said. The London-Dublin route is the busiest international route in the world after Hong Kong-Taipai. "I personally was sent to Falluja for three weeks. This is largely due to the number of Irish people who live in the UK – the amount of business and money traded between the two cities – and increasingly the number of Irish who use the route to make connecting flights to other places in Europe. In 2003 and 2004, Falluja had been well known as dangerous for foreign troops and civilians. Of all Ryanair's routes, the Dublin-London route remains both the busiest and the most profitable.

Mayberry also claimed would-be whistleblowers were threatened "to be sent to Falluja" and other "places under fire" if they talked to media or governmental oversight officials. That's 11 km closer than the main Landvetter Airport. The recorded interviewer asked, "Are you saying that Halliburton deliberately falsified the number of meals they prepared and then submitted false claims for reimbursement and that they did this to make up for past amounts auditors had disallowed?" Mayberry firmly answered "yes." He said that serving expired food rations was "an everyday occurrence, sometimes every meal." He also explained that Halliburton systematically overcharged for the number of meals as well, saying, "they were charging for 20,000 meals and they were only serving 10,000 meals." Dorgan later commented, "obviously there's no honor here, by a company that would serve outdated food to our troops in Iraq.". One exception is Gothenburg, Sweden, where Ryanair flies to the town's City Airport, 14 km from city centre. He said that KBR routinely sold expired food rations to the Army. Most smaller airports Ryanair operates to are located farther from the city centres than their main airports. Mayberry, still in Iraq, testified by video from questions prepared by the committee. Ryanair has other bases throughout Europe, at Brussels, Barcelona Girona, Dublin (DUB), Frankfurt am Main (HHN), London Luton Airport, Liverpool, Milan (BGY), Prestwick (PIK), Rome (CIA), Shannon International Airport and Stockholm Skavsta Airport.

She testified to have been given misinformation in answer to her complaints, saying she was "overtly misled.". Its main hub is London Stansted Airport. "Ultimately my main was concern was the repeated insistence RIO contract be awarded to KBR without competitive bidding," Greenhouse said. Ryanair currently serves about 200 routes between 104 airports in 18 European countries. Greenhouse, who provided the bulk of testimony, spoke for several minutes about her involvement in the evaluation and crafting of government Army contracts, and explaining how her superiors undermined and dismissed her concerns of illegal business practices. Main article: Ryanair destinations. Army Corps of Engineers, Rory Mayberry, former Food Program Manager for Halliburton subsidiary, and Allan Waller, of the Lloyd-Owen International security and operations firm. The last low-cost airline to compete directly with Ryanair on the UK/Ireland routes was Go Fly – which had to pull out due to mounting losses.

Among those testifying were Bunny Greenhouse, former Chief Contracting Officer of the U.S. easyJet does fly from Aldergrove in Northern Ireland, but Ryanair does not operate there. Among the senators and representatives present at the hearing were Byron Dorgan (presiding), Henry Waxman, Frank Lautenberg, and Mark Dayton. In September 2004, Ryanair's biggest competitor, easyJet, announced routes to the Republic of Ireland for the first time, begining with the Cork to London Gatwick route – until then easyJet had never competed directly with Ryanair on its home ground. On June 27, 2005, the Democratic Party held a public committee, aired on C-SPAN 3, at which former civilian employees based in or administering operations in Iraq, testified to specific instances of waste, fraud, and other abuses and irregularities by Halliburton and its subsidiary Kellogg, Brown and Root (KBR). Despite traditionally being a full-service airline, Aer Lingus began to adopt a low-fares strategy in 2002, leading to much more intense competition with Ryanair on Irish routes – Ryanair's most profitable. Vice President Dick Cheney and Halliburton, had led many to speculate with regard to improprieties and profiteering from the war. In 2004 approximately 60 new low-cost airlines were formed.

The associations between U.S. Among Ryanair's main low-cost competitors are easyJet, Air Berlin, Germanwings and Transavia. Allegations of fraud by Halliburton, specifically with regard to its operations in Iraq, have persisted since before the Iraq War. [13] [14]. These steps are not unusual for corporate executives who enter government. The woman eventually went to court and won an award of £43,098. The officials also said he had promised to donate to charity any after-tax profits he made from exercising his stock options. She received the prize in 1988, but the airline refused to carry her free of charge on a flight in 2002.

On the question of Cheney's deferred compensation from Halliburton, officials of the Bush-Cheney campaign said that before entering office in 2001, Cheney bought an insurance policy that guaranteed a fixed amount of deferred payments from Halliburton each year for five years so that the payments would not depend on the company's fortunes. In 2002 Ryanair reneged on a promise of free flights given as a prize to the airline's one millionth passenger, Jane O'Keeffe. Dick Cheney also retains 433,000 share-equivalent unexercised stock options at Halliburton. A court ruling in 2004 judged that the responsibility should be shared by the airline and the airport owners [12]. Cheney's deferred compensation from Halliburton, which appeared on Cheney's 2001 financial disclosure statement, generated an income between $50,000 to $100,000 for the vice president. However, the airline argued that this provision was the responsibility of the airport authority stating that wheelchairs were provided by 87 of the 93 Ryanair destination airports. presidential election campaign with a severance package worth $20 million. In 2002 it refused to provide wheelchairs for disabled passengers at Stansted Airport, hugely angering disabled rights groups [11].

Cheney retired from the company during the 2000 U.S. The airline has come under heavy criticism in the past for its poor treatment of disabled passengers. Bill Gertz, defense reporter for The Washington Times, wrote: "Vice President Dick Cheney was chief executive officer of Halliburton from 1995 until 2000, and Democrats repeatedly have tried to link the administration to claims of government favoritism toward the firm." [4]. In March of the same year, a Belgian court ruled that two sacked Belgian cabin staff who had been working out of the airport of Charleroi were entitled to protection under Belgian law, not Irish law as Ryanair had claimed [10]. In recent years the company has become the center of many controversies involving the 2003 Iraq War and the company's ties to US Vice President Dick Cheney. Several successful actions have been brought against the company: On 25 January 2005 the Irish Labour Court guaranteed an investigation into allegations of victimisation of staff who wished to join a trade union [9]. An audit of KBR by The Pentagon’s Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA) found $108 million in "questioned costs" and, as of mid-March 2005, said they still had "major" unresolved issues with Halliburton. Staff are banned from charging their own mobile phones at work to reduce the company's electricity bill [8], even though the cost savings by such measures are insignificant.

Halliburton is the only company mentioned by terrorist Osama bin Laden in an April 2004 tape where he claims that "this is a war [in Iraq] that is benefiting major companies with billions of dollars.". Ryanair has also come under fire from unions representing workers in the airline industry for refusing to recognise trade unions, and allegations of poor working conditions. They are expected to have generated more than $13 billion in sales by the time they start to expire in 2006 but most offer low margins - less than 2% on average in 2003 and just 1.4% this year for the logistics work. Walloon authorities who offered the subsidies were considering appealing against the ruling because of the roughly € 45 million that the airline route brings to the area every year. Despite cronyism allegations, the company's contracts in Iraq are much less profitable than its core energy business. In February 2004 the European Commission ruled that Charleroi airport gave Ryanair illegal subsidies and ordered the airline to repay roughly € 4 million of subsidies. In addition to troop support, Halliburton also provides air traffic control support; produces 74 million gallons of water a month for consumption, hygiene and laundry; deploys as many as 700 trucks a day to deliver essentials to American forces; and provides firefighter and crash-rescue services, as well as working to restore Iraqi oil infrastructure. The EC believes that subsidies from state-owned airports are a breach of European Union competition rules.

Halliburton's work in Iraq is diverse and complicated. Ryanair receives subsidies from some European airports, a situation which has been investigated by the European Commission. Today KBR employ over 30,000 men and women in Iraq. Two of them are now in storage, and two have been sold off to other operators. KBR has contracts in Iraq worth up to $18 billion, including a single no-bid contract known as "Restore Iraqi Oil" (RIO) which has an estimated worth of $7 billion. The airline announced in October 2004 that the remaining -200s will be disposed of by November 2005.
. Ryanair argues that the planes are well maintained, but has already scrapped a number of them for technical reasons.

Halliburton first tried to find work cementing oil wells in Burkburnett, Texas then moved their business (New Method Oil Well Cementing Company) to the Healdton field near Ardmore, Oklahoma. These aircraft date from the early 1980s and some industry observers believe that Ryanair has pushed them beyond their usable service life. Erle P. The airline has been criticised for the age of its elderly Boeing 737-200 aircraft, which were bought second hand from Lufthansa and Britannia Airways. and Mrs. Michael O'Leary often states that the airline goes to extremes to make a point, an approach which has resulted in Ryanair's advertising occasionally being considered offensive [6] [7]. Mr. Ryanair does not employ an advertising agency, instead producing all its advertising material in-house.

Analysts at Deutsche Bank value KBR at up to $2.15 billion, while others believe it could be worth closer to $3 billion by the time management decides what to do with the business in 2005. It is due to be implemented during 2005 under the State Airports Act 2004). At a meeting for investors and analysts in August 2004, a plan was outlined to divest the KBR division through a possible sale, spin-off or initial public offering. (The break-up of Aer Rianta remains a high profile demand for Michael O'Leary. a year from 2002 through 2004. Also criticised are what are seen as vitriolic attacks on opponents, notably former Irish Minister for Transport Mary O'Rourke (1997-2002), who was personally ridiculed in a series of controversial newspaper advertisements when she refused to break up the state monopoly which then ran Irish airports, Aer Rianta (now largely restructured). As a result of the asbestos-related costs, Halliburton lost approximately $900 million U.S. Etienne (Lyons)", but in other cases court actions have upheld the designated name of the route — this was the case for Frankfurt Hahn, over 100 km from central Frankfurt.

Asbestos-related litigation from the Kellogg acquisition caused the company to book over $4.0 (billion U.S.) in losses from 2002 through 2004. Legal actions forced name changes on routes previously referred to as "Düsseldorf (Niederrhein)" and "St. KBR is a major international construction company, which is a highly volatile undertaking subject to wild fluctuations in revenue and profit. This service is now advertised as Malmö. Kellogg division of Dresser (which Dresser had merged with in 1988). For example, the airline used to advertise a service to "Copenhagen", Denmark which actually flew to Malmö, in Sweden. With the acquisition of Dresser Industries in 1998, the Kellogg-Brown & Root division (in 2002 renamed to KBR) was formed by merging Halliburton's Brown & Root (acquired 1962) subsidiary and the M.W. Ryanair is often accused of flying to airports which, while cheap, are too far away from the cities they say they are serving.

This business continues to be profitable, and the company is a world leader in this industry; Schlumberger is the company's closest competitor. The airline refuses to provide accommodation or meal vouchers when flights are cancelled or delayed. Energy Services, the company's historical bedrock, includes: drilling & formation evaluation, digital & consulting solutions, production volume optimization, and fluid Systems. Critics have accused Ryanair of poor treatment of customers whose flights have been cancelled [5]. . In a number of incidents it has responded stubbornly to relatively trivial matters, often to make a point about the constant need to avoid adding "frills" to its service. The KBR group is a major construction company of mainly refineries, oilfields & pipelines, and chemical plants. Ryanair has been heavily criticised for many of its practices in the past.

The Energy Services Group provides technical products and services for oil and gas exploration and production. In August 2004, the airline carried 20% more passengers within Europe than British Airways did. FY 2004) and over 95,000 employees, Halliburton operates in two major business segments. The rapid addition of new routes and new hubs has enabled this growth in passenger numbers, and Ryanair is now among the largest carriers on European routes. With revenues exceeding $20.46 (billion U.S. Carrying under 0.7 million annually in its early years, passenger figures grew to 21.4 million in 2003. Halliburton Energy Services NYSE: HAL is a multinational corporation based in Houston, Texas. Ryanair's passenger numbers have grown by up to 25% every year for the best part of the last decade.

CNN, in a report entitled "US companies are operating in Iran despite sanctions," reported that a Halliburton spokesperson told the news agency that HPS helps Iran build oil rigs in the country's south. However, it has been consistent with the growth of other no-frills airlines, such as Southwest and JetBlue, since the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. As of 2003, Halliburton was still operating in Iran. In an industry where the survival rate is 1 in 10 and where even the giants such as American Airlines and Delta struggle to keep in the black, Ryanair's success has confounded many industry analysts. [2] [3]. Revenues have risen from € 231 million in 1998 to some € 843 million in 2003, and net profits have increased from € 48 million to € 239 million over the same period. In May 2003, Halliburton revealed in a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission that its KBR subsidiary had paid a Nigerian official $2.4 million in bribes in order to receive favorable tax treatment. After taking the rapidly growing airline public in 1997 he used the money raised to expand the airline into a pan-European carrier.

[1]. The driver of the growth has been Ryanair's CEO, Michael O'Leary. In May 2003, Halliburton's role under contract with regard to Iraqi oilfields was expanded to include "operation of facilities and distribution of products". Ryanair has grown massively since its creation in 1985, from a small airline flying the short hop to London from Ireland into one of Europe's largest carriers. More recently, the subsidiary was awarded a no-bid contract to conduct oil well firefighting in Iraq worth an estimated $1 billion. The aircraft will be delivered without window shades, seat back recline and seat back pockets, which result in savings of several hundred thousand dollars per aircraft and give continued savings through reduced cleaning and repair costs. In April 2002, KBR was awarded a $7 million contract to construct steel holding cells at Camp X-Ray. Some of these aircraft would be deployed at Ryanair's 12 European bases, others to 10 new bases they intend to establish over the next seven years.

In August, 2004, Halliburton paid a $7.5 million fine to settle the issue. This is expected to allow Ryanair to increase passenger numbers from the 34 million expected in 2005 to 70 million in 2011 and creating 2,500 new jobs. Halliburton counters that the practice was approved by its accounting firm, Arthur Andersen, and conforms to generally accepted accounting practices. In February 2005 Ryanair announced an order for 70 further Boeing 737-800 aircraft with an option for a further 70. The Securities and Exchange Commission investigated the same issue. Since the accession countries joined the EU on 1 May 2004, Ryanair has opened new routes to three of the ten new EU member states. In 2002, Judicial Watch, a public action lawfirm, filed suit on behalf of shareholders against Halliburton, its current and former directors, and its accounting firm, Arthur Andersen LLP and Arthur Andersen Worldwide, for alleged accounting irregularities, said to be profit inflation by accounting for cost overruns as revenue. However, the enlargement of the European Union in 2004 is expected to lead to more new routes as Ryanair and other budget airlines tap the markets of the EU accession countries.

We are not performing directly in that country." No legal action has been taken against the company or its officials. A modest loss of € 3.3 million in the second quarter of 2004 was the airline's first recorded loss for 15 years, indicating turbulent times in the low fares market. No US person is facilitating any transaction. During 2004, Michael O'Leary warned of a 'bloodbath' during the winter from which only two or three low-cost airlines would emerge, the expectation being that these would be Ryanair and easyJet. This is a foreign subsidiary and no US person is involved in this. The airline launched two more bases in the first half of 2004, at Rome (Ciampino) and Barcelona (Girona), increasing the total to 11 hubs. A Halliburton spokesman, responding to inquiries from Dow Jones, said "This is not breaking any laws. By the end of 2003, the airline flew 127 routes, of which 60 had opened in the previous 12 months.

Such behaviour, undertaken while Cheney was CEO of Halliburton, may have violated the Trading with the Enemy Act. Expansion continued apace with the launch of a base at Stockholm (Skavsta), Sweden. The company, HPS, operated "behind an unmarked door on the ninth floor of a new north Tehran tower block." Although HPS was incorporated in the Cayman Islands in 1975 and is "non-American", it shares both the logo and name of Halliburton Energy Services and, according to Dow Jones Newswires offers services from Halliburton units world-wide through its Tehran office. In April Ryanair acquired its ailing competitor Buzz from KLM, at a knock-down price. opened an office in Tehran. In 2003, Ryanair announced the order of a further 100 new Boeing 737-800 series aircraft from Boeing, and in February a third continental base was opened at Milan-Bergamo in Italy. In 2001 it was reported by The Wall Street Journal that a subsidiary of Halliburton Energy Services called Halliburton Products and Services Ltd. In 2002 Ryanair launched 26 new routes and established a base in Frankfurt-Hahn Airport, its European expansion firmly on track.

On 10 April 2001 the Dresser division (excluding the former Kellogg division) entered an agreement to separate itself once again from Halliburton by management purchasing its equity, the new company to be called Dresser Inc. 100 of these aircraft will have been delivered by the end of 2005. In 1998 Halliburton merged with Dresser Industries, which included Kellogg. Later that year, the airline ordered 155 new Boeing 737-800 series aircraft from Boeing at what was believed to be a substantial discount, (taking advantage of the downturn in plane orders after the slump in air travel following the September 2001 terrorist attacks) to be delivered over eight years from 2002 to 2010. In 1995 Dick Cheney became chairman and CEO. Ryanair launched a new hub of operation in Brussels Charleroi in 2001. peacekeeping forces in Bosnia, Croatia and Hungary with food, laundry, transportation and other lifecycle management services. Michael O'Leary claimed that it was his idea from the start.

In the Balkans conflict in the 1990s, KBR supported U.S. Within a year the website was handling three quarters of all bookings, and now accounts for 95% of the total. After having pleaded guilty, the company was fined $1.2 million, with another $2.61 million in penalties. Increasingly the online booking contributed to the aim of cutting flight prices by selling direct to passengers and excluding the costs imposed by travel agents. In the early 1990s Halliburton was found to be in violation of federal trade barriers in Iraq and Libya, having sold these countries dual-use oil drilling equipment and, through its former subsidiary, Halliburton Logging Services, sending six pulse neutron generators to Libya. Some senior management saw the potential of online booking, but kept it low profile to avoid its elimination by the Chief Executive. In the aftermath of Operation Desert Storm in Kuwait in 1991, Halliburton crews helped bring 320 burning oil wells under control. The airline launched its website in 2000, with on line booking said to be a small and unimportant part of the software supporting the site.

1991: workforce - 73,000. The airline was voted Airline of the Year by the Irish Transport Users Committee and voted Best Managed National Airline by International Aviation Week magazine. 1982: energy industry decline. Flush with new capital, the airline placed a massive US$2 billion order for 45 new Boeing 737-800 series aircraft in 1998. 1982: workforce - 115,000. After a highly successful flotation of Ryanair on the Dublin Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ Stock exchanges, the airline launched services to Stockholm, Oslo, Paris and Charleroi near Brussels. 198?: Halliburton Logging Services. After EU deregulation of the air industry in Europe in 1997, Ryanair was ready to take on the continent.

198?: acquisition of Geosource.
. 1988: acquisition of Geophysical Service Incorporated from Texas Instruments. It had become the largest carrier on all its routes. 1962: acquisition of Brown and Root of Houston, Texas. By 1995, thanks to the consistent pursuit of this business model, Ryanair celebrated its 10th birthday by carrying 2.25 million passengers. 1961: headquarters - Dallas, Texas. He is said to have a pugnacious and aggressive management style, using a flat management hierarchy whose ethos is to provide a low cost, reliable and competitive service.

1960: name shortened to Halliburton Company. He adopted a hands-on style of management, becoming well known for the fact that despite being Chief Executive, he regularly helped out with baggage handling on Ryanair flights at Dublin airport. 1957: acquisition of Welex Jet Services of Fort Worth, Texas. Flights were scheduled into smaller airports, closer and more convenient for customers. 1948: New York Stock Exchange listing. He competed with the major airlines by providing a no-frills, low cost, flexible and reliable service. 1924: incorporation. O'Leary returned convinced that Ryanair could make huge inroads into the European air market, at that time dominated by national carriers which were subsidised to various degrees by their parent countries.

1921: headquarters - Duncan, Oklahoma. O'Leary quickly learnt that the key to low fares was a quick turn-around time, no frills, and no business class, as well as operating only one model of aircraft. 1920: reorganized - Halliburton Oil Well Cementing Company. Ryan encouraged him to visit the USA to study the 'low fares/no frills' model being used by Southwest Airlines. He negotiated significant bonuses and profit-sharing deals for himself, conditional upon bringing the airline into profit. Michael O'Leary was charged with the task of making the airline profitable.

Passenger numbers continued to increase, but the airline generally ran at a loss, and by 1991 was in need of restructuring. With two routes and two planes, they carried 82,000 passengers in one year. In 1986 the company added a second route - flying Dublin-London Luton in competition to the BA/Aer Lingus duopoly for the first time. The airline began with a 15 seat turboprop aircraft flying between Waterford and London Gatwick with the aim of breaking the duopoly on London-Ireland flights at that time held by British Airways and Aer Lingus.

Ryanair was founded in 1985 by Irish businessman Tony Ryan. . Critics, meanwhile, have attacked its trade union policies [3], and have charged that it practises deceptive advertising [4]. Its supporters praise its commitment to exceptionally low fares, its radical management, its populism, and its willingness to challenge what Ryanair calls the 'establishment' within the airline industry (similar to its American counterpart, Southwest Airlines).

Ryanair is one of Europe's most controversial companies, praised and criticised in equal measure [2]. Ryanair has been characterised by rapid and continuing expansion, enabled by the deregulation of the air industry in Europe in 1997. Over the years it has evolved into the world's most profitable airline [1], running at remarkable margins by relentlessly driving costs down. It is Europe's largest low-cost carrier, operating 209 low-fare routes to 94 destinations across 17 European countries.

Ryanair (ISEQ: RYA) LSE: RYA (NASDAQ: RYAAY) is an airline based in Ireland. Ryan-Be-Fair. The financial operations of Ryanair. Ryanair Passenger Opinions.

Ryanair Fleet Detail. Ryanair. 76 Boeing 737-800 (further 6 on order). 1 Boeing 737-400.

7 Boeing 737-200. [15]. Subsequent media reports suggested that the man was going to hijack the aircraft and fly it into the United States Embassy in London. Ryanair Flight 685 from Stockholm's Vasteras airport to London Stansted in September 1, 2002 was delayed by several hours after a Swedish man of Arabic origin was detained after attempting to board the aircraft with a loaded gun.

The UK Air Accident Investigation Board recommended changes to training procedures for air-crew to allow better handling of similar situations in future. Subsequent investigations found that the air crew struggled to open the emergency doors, and some passengers were evacuated towards the fire. Ryanair Flight 296 (Boeing 737-800) from Dublin to London Stansted caught fire shortly after landing on February 27, 2002. Callsign: Ryanair.

ICAO Code: RYR. IATA Code: FR.