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Chevrolet El Camino

The Chevrolet El Camino, a car-based small pickup truck built by Chevrolet in the United States, was produced in response to the success of the rival Ford Ranchero.

1959-1960: 1st generation

The first El Camino was produced for the 1959 model year (2 years after the Ranchero) and was based on that year's Chevrolet Impala. The car's development was rushed, and it was not as successful as the Ford, with 22,246 built the first year. The 1960 model tracked the changes on the Impala, with an extensive restyling. Sales were a little down at 14,163 and Chevrolet decided to discontinue the model.

1964-1967: 2nd generation

Four years later, with Ford's Ranchero still selling well, Chevrolet reincarnated the El Camino, based on the new Chevrolet Chevelle platform. That 1964 model was basically identical to the Chevelle forward of the B-pillars, but Chevrolet considered the vehicle a practical, utility model and the Chevelle's most powerful engines were not available.

1965 saw the availability of performance versions of the 327 engine with some 350hp. 1966 brought added a 396ci engine to the line-up rated at 325-375 hp. The 1965 327 would run low 15s in the 1/4 mile (at some 90 mph), while 1966 to 1969 models were easily into the mid to upper 14s. The El Camino followed the Chevelle's styling update for 1967, with a new grille, front bumper, and trim. Air shocks were introduced, allowing the driver to compensate for a load.

1968-1972: 3rd generation

1968 introduced a longer El Camino, based on the station wagon/4-door sedan wheelbase. A new, high performance Super Sport SS396 version was launched, alongside the Chevelle version. 1969 models were very similar, but 1970 saw the availability of a new SS396 which actually displaced 402 in³ (although all emblems read 396). Chevrolet's largest and most-powerful engine of the time was also put into a select few El Caminos. The LS6 454 in³ engine, rated at 450hp and 500 lb-ft of torque, gave the El Camino 1/4 mile times in the upper 13 second range at almost 105 mph.

The 1971 model saw reduced power and performance, along with the rest of Chevrolet's line, as lower-octane unleaded fuel was mandated, and emissions controls began to be felt. Single headlights replaced double for 1971, and the grille came now to a point. Little changed but still lower power outputs for 1972.

A rebadged El Camino called the GMC Sprint debuted in 1971.

1973-1977: 4th generation

For 1973, the car was restyled again, matching changes to the Chevelle. It was the largest generation of El Camino, but thanks to lighter construction, it weighed less than the previous generation. A front-end restyle with quad stacked headlights was done in 1976, but otherwise it was the same car until 1978.

1978-1987: 5th generation

A new, smaller El Camino was unveiled in 1978, with more sharp-edged styling. Since the Chevelle was no longer produced, the El Camino instead shared components with the Chevrolet Malibu and Chevrolet Monte Carlo. V6 engines (based on the Buick 3800 or Chevrolet 90 degree V6 - based on the small block Chevrolet*) were available for the first time, and from 1982 through 1984, Oldsmobile-sourced diesel engines.

  • The Chevrolet 90 degree V6 is actually a modified small block V8 motor with a split-pin crankshaft; this design is still in production today as the GM 4300 V6.

After 1984, GM shifted El Camino production to Mexico for three more years. Production ceased after the 1987 model year, as sales of the Chevrolet S-10 were outselling its passenger car counterpart.

1984 to 1987 El Caminos (and its sister, the GMC Caballero) were produced in Ramos Arizpe, Mexico. Around 200 unsold 1987 El Caminos were sold as 1988 models.

The El Camino today

Many El Caminos are still used as daily drivers, and some are used in various racing venues. The Discovery Channel program Monster Garage once turned an El Camino into a Figure-8 racer (dubbed the "Hell-Camino"). The drift team Bubba Drift uses a 1986 El Camino as their drifting car. It is one of the few drift cars that use an automatic transmission instead of a manual transmission. The titular character of "My Name is Earl" owns an El Camino, although it has suffered damage and now has several replacement parts.


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The titular character of "My Name is Earl" owns an El Camino, although it has suffered damage and now has several replacement parts. A flag patch is also often sewn on uniforms. It is one of the few drift cars that use an automatic transmission instead of a manual transmission. Sometimes a flag hangs from a pole or rope, the latter especially in the case of multiple small flags. The drift team Bubba Drift uses a 1986 El Camino as their drifting car. It reaches a height of 126 meters, and hoists a flag which measures 60 x 40 meters, and is illuminated at night, and can be seen from 25 km away. The Discovery Channel program Monster Garage once turned an El Camino into a Figure-8 racer (dubbed the "Hell-Camino"). The second tallest free standing flagpole in the world is also in Jordan but in the capital, Amman.

Many El Caminos are still used as daily drivers, and some are used in various racing venues. The tallest free-standing flagpole in the world is in Aqaba, Jordan, with a total height of 132 meters. Around 200 unsold 1987 El Caminos were sold as 1988 models. It can be seen from all parts of Brasilia and its flagpole is the tallest structure in the city. 1984 to 1987 El Caminos (and its sister, the GMC Caballero) were produced in Ramos Arizpe, Mexico. This flag weighs about 600 kilograms when dry and measures 70 x 100 metres. Production ceased after the 1987 model year, as sales of the Chevrolet S-10 were outselling its passenger car counterpart. The world's biggest regularly hoisted flag, however, is the Brazilian national flag flown in the Square of the Three Powers in Brasilia, the capital of Brazil.

After 1984, GM shifted El Camino production to Mexico for three more years. The highest flagpole in the world, at 160 metres, is that at Gijeong-dong in North Korea, the flag weighing about 270 kilograms when dry. V6 engines (based on the Buick 3800 or Chevrolet 90 degree V6 - based on the small block Chevrolet*) were available for the first time, and from 1982 through 1984, Oldsmobile-sourced diesel engines. Very high flagpoles may require more complex support structures than a simple pole, such as guy wires, or need be built as a mast. Since the Chevelle was no longer produced, the El Camino instead shared components with the Chevrolet Malibu and Chevrolet Monte Carlo. The pole is usually topped by a flat plate called a "truck" (originally meant to keep a wooden pole from splitting) or by a ball or a finial in a more complex shape. A new, smaller El Camino was unveiled in 1978, with more sharp-edged styling. The cord is then tightened and tied to the pole at the bottom.

A front-end restyle with quad stacked headlights was done in 1976, but otherwise it was the same car until 1978. The flag is fixed to one lower end of the cord, and is then raised by pulling on the other end. It was the largest generation of El Camino, but thanks to lighter construction, it weighed less than the previous generation. If it is taller than can be easily reached to raise the flag, a cord is used, looping around a pulley at the top of the pole with the ends tied at the bottom. For 1973, the car was restyled again, matching changes to the Chevelle. A flagpole or flagstaff can be a simple support made of wood or metal. A rebadged El Camino called the GMC Sprint debuted in 1971. Railway signals are a development of railway flags.

Little changed but still lower power outputs for 1972. At night, the flags are replaced with lanterns showing the same colors. Single headlights replaced double for 1971, and the grille came now to a point. Railways use a number of colored flags, usually with the following meanings:. The 1971 model saw reduced power and performance, along with the rest of Chevrolet's line, as lower-octane unleaded fuel was mandated, and emissions controls began to be felt. Signal flag "India" (a black circle on a yellow square) is frequently used to denote a "blackball" zone where surfboards cannot be used but other water activities are permitted. The LS6 454 in³ engine, rated at 450hp and 500 lb-ft of torque, gave the El Camino 1/4 mile times in the upper 13 second range at almost 105 mph. The top left and bottom right quadrants are black, and the remaining area is white.

Chevrolet's largest and most-powerful engine of the time was also put into a select few El Caminos. A surf flag exists, divided into four quadrants. 1969 models were very similar, but 1970 saw the availability of a new SS396 which actually displaced 402 in³ (although all emblems read 396). Reasons for closing the beach include:. A new, high performance Super Sport SS396 version was launched, alongside the Chevelle version. Blue flags may also be used away from the yellow-red lifesaver area to designate a zone for surfboarding and other small, non-motorised watercraft. 1968 introduced a longer El Camino, based on the station wagon/4-door sedan wheelbase. A red flag signifies a closed beach (or, in the UK, some other danger), yellow signifies strong current or difficult swimming conditions and green represents a beach safe for general swimming.

Air shocks were introduced, allowing the driver to compensate for a load. On many Australian beaches there is a slight variation with beach condition signalling. The El Camino followed the Chevelle's styling update for 1967, with a new grille, front bumper, and trim. The flags are coloured with a red triangle and a yellow triangle making a rectangular flag, or a red rectangle over a yellow rectangle. The 1965 327 would run low 15s in the 1/4 mile (at some 90 mph), while 1966 to 1969 models were easily into the mid to upper 14s. If the beach is closed, the poles of the flags are crossed. 1966 brought added a 396ci engine to the line-up rated at 325-375 hp.
In Australia, New Zealand, Philippines and the United Kingdom a pair of red/yellow flags is used to mark the limits of the bathing area on a beach, usually guarded by surf lifesavers.

1965 saw the availability of performance versions of the 327 engine with some 350hp. Because of their ease of signalling and identification, flags are often used in sports. That 1964 model was basically identical to the Chevelle forward of the B-pillars, but Chevrolet considered the vehicle a practical, utility model and the Chevelle's most powerful engines were not available. The flag of Libya, which consists of a rectangular field of green, is the only national flag using a single color and no design or insignia. Four years later, with Ford's Ranchero still selling well, Chevrolet reincarnated the El Camino, based on the new Chevrolet Chevelle platform. The practice is, however, not widely favoured, as it is expensive to reproduce accurately, and is either difficult to read on the reverse of a flag (in mirror image), or sewn on both sides of the flag, making the flag too heavy to fly properly. Sales were a little down at 14,163 and Chevrolet decided to discontinue the model. states, or on revolutionary flags of the former Soviet Union.

The 1960 model tracked the changes on the Impala, with an extensive restyling. Writing occasionally features on flags – for example, on several flags of U.S. The car's development was rushed, and it was not as successful as the Ford, with 22,246 built the first year. A heraldic coat of arms may also be flown as a banner of arms, as is done on both the state flag of Maryland and the flag of Kiribati. The first El Camino was produced for the 1959 model year (2 years after the Ranchero) and was based on that year's Chevrolet Impala. Common designs on flags include crosses, stripes, and divisions of the surface, or field, into bands or quarters - patterns and principles mainly derived from heraldry. . If the image is not through and through there are also two possibilities:.

The Chevrolet El Camino, a car-based small pickup truck built by Chevrolet in the United States, was produced in response to the success of the rival Ford Ranchero. Often the image is through and through, in which case there are two possibilities:. The Chevrolet 90 degree V6 is actually a modified small block V8 motor with a split-pin crankshaft; this design is still in production today as the GM 4300 V6. A more unusual flag shape is that of the flag of Nepal, which is in the shape of two stacked triangles. Named shapes include square (e.g., the national flag of Switzerland and the state flag of the Vatican City), pennant, double pennant (e.g., the state flag of Ohio), swallowtail, triangular or swallowtail burgee, gonfanon and oriflamme. Flags are usually rectangular in shape, but may be of any shape or size that is practical for flying.

See also Flag terminology. As well, semaphore flags can be used to communicate on an ad hoc basis from ship to ship over short distances. Each flag or pennant has a specific meaning when flown individually. There is a system of International maritime signal flags for numerals and letters of the alphabet.

Carrying commercial cargo on a boat with a yacht ensign is deemed to be smuggling in many jurisdictions. In some countries yacht ensigns are different from merchant ensigns in order to signal that the yacht is not carrying cargo that requires a customs declaration. This custom is still (2005) taken seriously by many naval and port authorities and is readily enforced in many parts of the world by boarding, confiscation, and other civil penalties. To fly one's ensign alone in foreign waters, a foreign port or in the face of a foreign warship traditionally indicates a willingness to fight, with cannon, for the right to do so.

A courteous, peaceable merchant ship or yacht customarily flies its ensign (in the usual ensign position), together with the flag of whatever nation it is currently visiting at the mast (known as a courtesy flag). A national flag flown at sea is known as an ensign. Flags are particularly important at sea, where they can mean the difference between life and death, and consequently where the rules and regulations for the flying of flags are strictly enforced. Main article: Maritime flags.

Some prominent examples include:. Some national flags have been particularly inspirational to other nations, countries, or subnational entities in the design of their own flags. One of the most popular uses of a flag is to symbolize a nation or country. Main article: National flag.

Eventually these flags posed too much danger to those carrying them, and by World War I these were withdrawn from the battlefields, and have since been used only at ceremonial occasions. Flags became much more elaborate, and were seen as objects to be captured or defended. Beginning in the 17th century, European knights were replaced by centralized armies, and flags became the means to identify not just nationalities but also individual military units. Flags also became the preferred means of communications at sea, resulting in various systems of flag signals (see International maritime signal flags).

From the time of Christopher Columbus onwards, it has been customary (and later a legal requirement) for ships to carry flags designating their nationality; these flags eventually evolved into the national flags and maritime flags of today. During the Middle Ages, flags were used mainly during battles to identify individual leaders: in Europe the knights, in Japan the samurai, and in China the generals under the imperial army. But a military unit from Scythia had for a standard a dragon with a flexible tail which would move in the wind; the legions copied this; eventually all the legions had flexible standards -- our modern-day flag. Originally, the standards of the Roman legions were not flags, but symbols like the eagle of Caesar's Xth legion; this eagle would be placed on a staff for the standard-bearer to hold up during battle.

Some believe flags originated in China, others hold that the Roman Empire's vexillum was the first true flag. Although flag-like symbols have been used by ancient cultures for thousands of years, the origin of flags in the modern sense is a matter of dispute. . The study of flags is known as vexillology, from the Latin vexillum meaning flag or banner.

Generally, a piece of cloth is a flag if it is flown like a flag, with one side attached, though many flags are recognisable if displayed in other forms. Flags are also used in messaging or advertising, or for decorative purposes, though at this less formal end the distinction between a flag and a simple cloth banner is blurred. Flags were initially created for signalling (as in semaphore), and for the identification of those who displayed them, and are still used for that purpose today. A flag is a piece of coloured cloth flown from a pole or mast, usually for purposes of signalling or identification.

Iceland and Norway. Puerto Rico and Cuba. Costa Rica and Thailand;. The following national flags are like 'negatives' of each other:

    .

    Ireland and the Ivory Coast also have the same flag, flipped horizontally. Guinea and Mali have the same flag, flipped horizontally. The flags of Luxembourg and the Netherlands differ only in their shades and ratios. Chad and Romania.

    Monaco and Indonesia (or Poland upside-down). Some countries have the same or very similar national flags as other nations, for example:

      . The most popular colour combinations are: red, white, and blue (mainly European and Western nations) and red, yellow, and green (mainly African nations). The flags of Switzerland and Vatican City are the only national flags which are exact squares.

      The flag of Libya is the only national flag which is a single colour: green. The flag of Nepal is the only national flag which isn't square or rectangular: it is in the shape of two triangles. The flag can only be removed by the person or group that placed it. A blue flag on a track means that nothing on that track should be moved.

      A blue flag on the side of a locomotive means that it should not be moved because someone is working on it (or on the train attached to it). a flag of any color waved vigorously means stop. green or white or blue = proceed. yellow = proceed with care.

      red = stop. tsunami. sharks. dangerous rip.

      waves too strong. no lifeguards in attendance. Capture the flag is a popular children's sport. Many sports teams have their own flags, and, in individual sports, fans will indicate their support for a player by waving the flag of his or her home country.

      In addition, fans of almost all sports wave flags in the stands to indicate their support for the participants. Officials called touch judges use flags for similar purposes in both codes of rugby. They use the flags to indicate to the referee potential infringements of the laws, or who is entitled to possession of the ball that has gone out of the field of play, or, most famously, raise the flag overhead to indicate an offside offence. In Association football (soccer), linesmen carry small flags along the touch lines.

      A black flag is used to indicate penalties. A yellow flag is used to indicate caution requiring slow speed and a red flag requires racers to stop immediately. Most famously, a checkered flag of black and white indicates the end of the race, and victory for the leader. In auto and motorcycle racing, racing flags are used to communicate with drivers.

      In American football, the flag is usually yellow; in Canadian football, it is usually red. The flag itself is a small, weighted handkerchief, tossed on the field at the approximate point of the infraction; the intent is usually to sort out the details after the current play from scrimmage has concluded. The phrase used for such an indication is flag on the play. In American and Canadian football, referees use flags to indicate an error has been made in game play.

      the image is different; examples are the national flag of Paraguay, the state flag of Oregon, and the now-obsolete flag of the Soviet Union. the image is not symmetric, nevertheless the image is the same when viewed from the other side; for example the former Nazi swastika flag on land ([1], at the bottom). when viewed from the other side one sees the mirror image; this is very common and usually not disturbing if there is no text in the flag - the whole image of flag with flag staff is not the same anyway, with the staff on the other side; examples are the flag of the United States with stars and stripes on the hoist-side, and the former Nazi swastika flag at sea (compare with the flag on land mentioned below). the image is symmetric in an axis parallel to the flag pole, so the image is the same when viewed from the other side.

      The flag of Argentina, created by Manuel Belgrano during the war of independence, was the inspiration for the United Provinces of Central America's flag, which in turn was the origin for the flags of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. The flag of Venezuela, created by Francisco de Miranda to represent the independence movement in Venezuela that later gave birth to the "Gran Colombia", inspired the individual flags of Colombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia, all sharing three bands of color, and three of them (Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela) sharing the yellow, blue, and red. The Soviet flag, with its golden symbols of the proletariat on a red field, was an inspiration to flags of other communist states, such as East Germany, People's Republic of China, Vietnam, Angola, Afghanistan and Mozambique. The Pan-Arab colors, green, white, red, and black, seen on the flags of Jordan, Kuwait, Sudan, Syria, the United Arab Emirates, Western Sahara, Yemen and on the Palestinian flag.

      During the time of the Ottomans the crescent began to be associated with Islam and this is reflected on the flags of Algeria, Comoros, Malaysia, Mauritania, Pakistan, Tunisia, and the de facto country of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The flag of Turkey, which was the flag of the Ottoman Empire, has been an inspiration for the flag designs of many other Muslim nations. Examples: Togo, Senegal, Ghana, Mali. Accordingly, its flag became the source of the Pan-African colours.

      Ethiopia was seen as a model by emerging African states of the 1950s and 1960s, as it was one of the oldest independent states in Africa. Examples: Slovakia, Serbia and Montenegro, Croatia, Bulgaria. The flag of Russia, the source for the Pan-Slavic colors adopted by many Slavic states and peoples as their symbols. Examples: Cuba, Chile, Liberia, Malaysia The flag of Malaysia is also referred to as Jalur Gemilang or Glorious Stripes.

      In the same way that nations looked to France for inspiration, many countries were also inspired by the American Revolution, which they felt was symbolized in this flag. The flag of the United States, also nicknamed The Stars and Stripes or Old Glory. Examples among many: Ireland, Italy, Romania, Mexico. The national flag of France, also called the Tricolore, which inspired other nations to adopt differenced tricolours in sympathy with the revolutionary spirit with which the flag was designed in 1794.

      The Flag of the Netherlands is also the only flag in the world that is adapted for some uses, when the occasion has a connection to the royal house of the Netherlands an orange ribbon is added. The Dutch Tricolor has inspired many flags but most notably those of Russia and France, which spread the tricolor concept even further, as can be seen below. After 1630 the red-white-blue was the most commonly seen flag. Soon the more famous red-white-blue began appearing - it is however unknown why, though many stories are known.

      The Tricolor of The Netherlands is the oldest tricolor, first appearing in 1572 as the Prince's Flag in orange-white-blue. Examples: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Tuvalu, and also the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario, and the American state of Hawaii. British colonies typically flew a flag based on one of the ensigns based on this flag, and many former colonies have retained the design to acknowledge their cultural history. The Union Flag of the United Kingdom, more commonly (and correctly, when used by warships at sea) called the Union Jack.

      The flag of Switzerland, with its colours reversed, gave rise to the emblem of the International Red Cross, which under international law is a safe conduct in war zones. Examples: the Faroe Islands, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Åland. This flag, called the Dannebrog, inspired the cross design of other Nordic countries and the flag of England. The flag of Denmark is the oldest state flag still in use.

      It also forms a key part in the design of the Union Flag of the United Kingdom. Notable flags which share the saltire design include the flag of Jamaica, the Confederate Naval Jack, the naval jack of Russia, and the flag for the Canadian Province of Nova Scotia. The flag of Scotland, called the Saltire or St Andrew's Cross, dates to the 9th century, and is the oldest national flag still in use.