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Don Henley

Donald (Don) Henley (born July 22, 1947 in Gilmer, Texas) is a rock musician most noted as the drummer and one of the lead singers of the band The Eagles.

Henley moved from Linden, Texas to Los Angeles in 1970 to record an album with his early band, Shiloh. Shortly thereafter, Henley met Glenn Frey through Amos Records in Los Angeles. They both became members of Linda Ronstadt's backup band and in 1971 co-founded The Eagles. The first Eagles album was released in 1972 and contained the hit song "Take it easy," as well as Henley's first hit songwriting attempt, "Witchy Woman." As the seventies progressed, Henley's raspy vocals replaced Glenn Frey's twangy tenor as the focal point of the Eagles "sound." The band broke up in 1980; during the Eagles' existence Henley co-wrote (usually with Frey) most of the band's best-known songs, notably "Desperado" and "Hotel California".

Following the breakup of the Eagles, Henley embarked on a successful solo career. His first solo release, 1982's I Can't Stand Still, was a moderate seller and was followed two years later by Building the Perfect Beast, which featured layered synthesizers and was a marked departure from the Eagles' country-rock sound. A single release, "The Boys of Summer", reached #1 on the Billboard magazine's pop charts (the song would become a hit again in 2003 for The Ataris). Henley's next album, 1989's The End of the Innocence, was equally successful. A long period without a new recording followed, as Henley waited out a dispute with his record company and participated in an Eagles reunion tour and live album. Henley finally released another solo studio recording, Inside Job, in 2000. He is a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

Henley founded the non-profit Caddo Lake Institute to underwrite ecological education and research. As part of the Caddo Lake Coalition, CLI helps protect the Texas wetland where Henley spent much of his childhood.

Discography

Albums

I Can't Stand Still (1982) #24 US, US Sales: 500,000
Building the Perfect Beast (1984) #13 US, #14 UK, US Sales: 3,000,000
The End of the Innocence (1989) #8 US, #17 UK, US Sales: 6,000,000
Actual Miles: Henley's Greatest Hits (1995) #48 US, US Sales: 1,000,000
Inside Job (2000) #7 US, #25 UK, US Sales: 1,000,000
One of These Nights [live] (2002)

Hit singles

from Bella Donna (Stevie Nicks album)
- 1982 "Leather and Lace" (with Stevie Nicks) #6 US
from I Can't Stand Still
- 1983 "Dirty Laundry" #3 US
from Bulding the Perfect Beast
- 1985 "The Boys Of Summer" #5 US, #12 UK
- 1985 "All She Wants to Do Is Dance" #9 US
- 1985 "Not Enough Love in the World" #34 US
- 1985 "Sunset Grill" #22 US
from The End of the Innocence
- 1989 "The End of the Innocence" #8 US
- 1989 "The Last Worthless Evening" #21 US
- 1990 "The Heart of the Matter" #21 US
from Patty Smyth (Patty Smyth album)
- 1992 "Sometimes Love Just Ain't Enough" (Patty Smyth with Don Henley) #2 US, #22 UK
non-album re-issue single
- 1998 "The Boys Of Summer" (re-issue) #12 UK

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As part of the Caddo Lake Coalition, CLI helps protect the Texas wetland where Henley spent much of his childhood. The murders of Sam Hose and Emmett Till, more than fifty years apart, serve as examples. Henley founded the non-profit Caddo Lake Institute to underwrite ecological education and research. Informally enforced by the good ol' boy network and the Ku Klux Klan, breaking this code could result in lynchings (1878-1898 saw 10,000 lynchings) or other forms of sadistic murder. He is a member of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. One dimension of this involved applying pressure on élite white women not to engage in liaisons with black men on pain of losing their upper-class status and community support. A long period without a new recording followed, as Henley waited out a dispute with his record company and participated in an Eagles reunion tour and live album. Henley finally released another solo studio recording, Inside Job, in 2000. In conjunction with the laws there was also Jim Crow etiquette: a set of unwritten rules governing how blacks and whites should interact.

Henley's next album, 1989's The End of the Innocence, was equally successful. By 1837, Jim Crow was being used to refer to racial segregation. A single release, "The Boys of Summer", reached #1 on the Billboard magazine's pop charts (the song would become a hit again in 2003 for The Ataris). "Jim Crow" became a standard character in Minstrel shows, being a caricature of a shabbily dressed rural black; "Jim Crow" was often paired with the character "Zip Coon", a flamboyantly dressed urban black. His first solo release, 1982's I Can't Stand Still, was a moderate seller and was followed two years later by Building the Perfect Beast, which featured layered synthesizers and was a marked departure from the Eagles' country-rock sound. The song and blackface itself were an immediate hit. Following the breakup of the Eagles, Henley embarked on a successful solo career. Rice, a white English migrant to the U.S., the originator of blackface performance.

The first Eagles album was released in 1972 and contained the hit song "Take it easy," as well as Henley's first hit songwriting attempt, "Witchy Woman." As the seventies progressed, Henley's raspy vocals replaced Glenn Frey's twangy tenor as the focal point of the Eagles "sound." The band broke up in 1980; during the Eagles' existence Henley co-wrote (usually with Frey) most of the band's best-known songs, notably "Desperado" and "Hotel California". The term Jim Crow comes from the minstrel show song "Jump Jim Crow" written in 1828 by Thomas D. They both became members of Linda Ronstadt's backup band and in 1971 co-founded The Eagles. Leroy Irvis of Pittsburgh's Urban League led a demonstration against employment discrimination by Pittsburgh's department stores in 1947, and later became the first 20th Century African American to serve as a state Speaker of the House. Henley moved from Linden, Texas to Los Angeles in 1970 to record an album with his early band, Shiloh. Shortly thereafter, Henley met Glenn Frey through Amos Records in Los Angeles. For instance, K. Donald (Don) Henley (born July 22, 1947 in Gilmer, Texas) is a rock musician most noted as the drummer and one of the lead singers of the band The Eagles. These early demonstrations achieved positive results and helped spark political activism.

1998 "The Boys Of Summer" (re-issue) #12 UK. Numerous boycotts and demonstrations against segregation had occurred throughout the 1930's and 1940's. non-album re-issue single

. However, the Montgomery Bus Boycott led by Martin Luther King, Jr., which followed Rosa Parks' long planned decision not to give up her seat, did not come in a vacuum. 1992 "Sometimes Love Just Ain't Enough" (Patty Smyth with Don Henley) #2 US, #22 UK. This led to a series of legislation and court decisions in which Jim Crow laws were repealed or annulled. from Patty Smyth (Patty Smyth album)

. The modern civil rights movement is often considered to have been sparked by an act of civil disobedience against Jim Crow laws when Rosa Parks, an African-American woman, refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man.

1990 "The Heart of the Matter" #21 US. As attitudes turned against segregation in the Federal courts after World War II, the segregationist white governments of many of the states of the South East countered with even more numerous and strict segregation laws on the local level until the start of the 1960s. 1989 "The Last Worthless Evening" #21 US. United States 379 US 241 (1964). 1989 "The End of the Innocence" #8 US. This use of the Commerce clause was upheld in Heart of Atlanta Motel v. from The End of the Innocence

. Congress invoked the commerce clause to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which outlawed discrimination in public accommodations, i.e., privately owned restaurants, hotels and stores, and in private schools and workplaces, that Congress attacked the parallel system of private Jim Crow practices.

1985 "Sunset Grill" #22 US. However, in 1964 that U.S. 1985 "Not Enough Love in the World" #34 US. The Supreme Court was unwilling, however, to attack other forms of private discrimination; it reasoned that private parties did not violate the Equal Protection clause of the Constitution when they discriminated because they were not "state actors" covered by that clause. 1985 "All She Wants to Do Is Dance" #9 US. Kraemer 334 US 1 (1948), in which it held that "restrictive covenants" that barred sale of homes to blacks or Jews or Asians were unconstitutional, on the ground that they represented state-sponsored discrimination in that they were only effective if the courts enforced them. 1985 "The Boys Of Summer" #5 US, #12 UK. The Supreme Court outlawed some forms of private discrimination in Shelley v.

from Bulding the Perfect Beast

. Businesses, political parties, unions and other private parties created their own Jim Crow arrangements, barring blacks from buying homes in certain neighborhoods, from shopping or working in certain stores, from working at certain trades, etc. 1983 "Dirty Laundry" #3 US. In addition to Jim Crow laws, in which the state compelled segregation of the races. from I Can't Stand Still

. Virginia 364 US 454 (1960), slowly dismantled the state-sponsored segregation imposed by Jim Crow laws. 1982 "Leather and Lace" (with Stevie Nicks) #6 US. Alabama 357 US 449 (1958), and Boynton v.

from Bella Donna (Stevie Nicks album)

. Oklahoma State Board of Regents 339 US 637 (1950), NAACP v. One of These Nights [live] (2002). These decisions, along with other cases such as McLaurin v. Inside Job (2000) #7 US, #25 UK, US Sales: 1,000,000. Board of Education of Topeka 347 US 483 (1954) the Court held that separate facilities were inherently unequal in the area of public schools. Actual Miles: Henley's Greatest Hits (1995) #48 US, US Sales: 1,000,000. Allwright 321 US 649 (1944), and in Brown v.

The End of the Innocence (1989) #8 US, #17 UK, US Sales: 6,000,000. The court outlawed the white primary in Smith v. Building the Perfect Beast (1984) #13 US, #14 UK, US Sales: 3,000,000. Warley 245 US 60 (1917), the Court held that a Kentucky law could not require residential segregation. I Can't Stand Still (1982) #24 US, US Sales: 500,000. (Nonetheless, the majority of African Americans were unable to vote in most states in the Deep South of the USA until the 1950s or 1960s.) In Buchanan v. United States 238 US 347 (1915) that an Oklahoma law that denied the right to vote to some citizens was unconstitutional.

The Supreme Court held in Guinn v. The Supreme Court began to overturn Jim Crow laws on constitutional grounds in the 20th century. In 1902, Reverend Thomas Dixon published the novel The Leopard's Spots, which intentionally fanned racial animosity. It is estimated that of 181,471 African-American males of voting age in Alabama in 1900, only 3,000 were registered.

In the years that followed, the Court made this "separate but equal" requirement a hollow phrase by approving discrimination even in the face of evidence of profound inequalities in practice. The Supreme Court of the United States held in the Civil Rights Cases 109 US 3 (1883) that the Fourteenth Amendment did not give the federal government the power to outlaw private discrimination, then held in Plessy v. Ferguson 163 US 537 (1896) that Jim Crow laws were constitutional as long as they allowed for separate but equal facilities. One common "literacy test" was to require the black would-be voter to recite the entire U.S. Constitution and Declaration of Independence from memory. As an example, many state governments prevented blacks from voting by requiring poll taxes and literacy tests, both of which were not enforced on whites of British descent due to grandfather clauses.

By 1915 every Southern state had effectively destroyed any gains in civil liberties that blacks had enjoyed due to the Reconstructionist effort. Since Jim Crow law is a blanket term for any of this type of legislation following the end of Reconstruction, the exact date of inception for the laws is difficult to isolate; common consensus points to the 1890s and the adoption of segregational railroad legislation in New Orleans as the first genuine "Jim Crow" law. These became known as the Jim Crow laws, a reference to the character Jim Crow (popular in antebellum minstrel entertainment) that was a racist stage depiction of a poor and uneducated rural black. In its aftermath the resurgent white elites, who referred to themselves as Redeemers, reversed many of the civil rights gains that black Americans had made during Reconstruction, passing laws that mandated discrimination by both local governments and by private citizens.

This government-controlled Reconstruction ended by 1877. In almost-immediate response Southern legislatures passed Black Codes, which attempted to return freed slaves to bondage in legal fact, rather than official terminology. The conclusion of the American Civil War in 1865 led to the policy of Reconstruction, in which the federal government intervened to protect the rights conferred on black Americans by the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the United States Constitution, as well as (upon their introductions) the Civil Rights Act of 1866 and the Civil Rights Act of 1875. Similar laws passed immediately after the civil war were called the Black Codes.

The term is not applied to all racist laws, but only to those passed post-Reconstruction starting in about 1890, the start of a period of worsening race relations in the United States. Jim Crow laws varied among communities and states. For instance, Jim Crow laws regulated separate use of water fountains and separate seating sections on public transport. In the United States, the so-called Jim Crow laws were made to enforce racial segregation, and included laws that would prevent African Americans from doing things that a white person could do.