Dolce

Dolce ( 'sweet' in Italian) may refer to:. This is a commonly used, yet fanciful term, implying that an ordinary latex or oil-based paint has the same properties as true, fired enamel. Dolce & Gabbana - a fashion design house. Some paints are called "enamel paints". DOLCE - a top level ontology developed by a (mostly) Italian research group. This produces tiny specks of both colours; although the eye can be tricked by grinding colors together to an extremely fine, flour-like, powder. Dolce, a restaurant co-owned by Ashton Kutcher, Danny Masterson and Wilmer Valderrama. Different enamel colours cannot be mixed to make a new colour, in the manner of paint.

Joe Dolce - Musician and Composer. Enamel can be either transparent, opaque or opalescent (translucent), which is a variety that gains a milky opacity the longer it is fired. Dolce, a wine making term used to label wines whose level of residual sugar makes them sweeter than an amabile (medium-sweetness) wine. The last creates delicate shades ranging from pure violet through wine-red and warm gray. Dolce, a musical term indicates that the performer should sing or play sweetly. Color in enamel is obtained by the addition of various minerals, often metal oxides cobalt, praseodymium, iron, or neodymium. Some techniques of enameling:.

According to some sources, the word enamel comes from the High German word smelzan (to smelt) via the Old French esmail. Enameling was a favorite technique of the Art Nouveau jewellers. The bright, jewel-like colors have also made enamel a favored choice for designers of jewelry and bibelots, such as ancient beads, the fantastic eggs of Peter Carl Fabergé, enameled copper boxes of Battersea enamellers, and artists such as George Stubbs and other painters of portrait miniatures. Other practitioners include the ancient Greeks, Celts, Russians, and the Chinese.

The ancient Egyptians applied enamels to pottery and stone objects. Enamelling is an old and widely-adopted technology. The durability of enamel has given it many functional applications, including: early 20th century advertising signs, interior walls of ovens, speckleware cooking pots, exterior walls of high quality kitchen appliances, cast iron bathtubs, storage silos on farms and process equipment such as chemical reactors and tanks for the chemical and pharmaceutical process industries. Disadvantages are its tendency to crack or shatter when the substrate is stressed or bent.

Vitreous enamel has many excellent properties: it is smooth, hard, chemically resistant, durable, can take on long-lasting, brilliant colors, and cannot burn. Also, an "enamel" is a decorative object, usually very small, having an enamel coating, such as a piece of champlevé or cloisonné. Vitreous enamel can be applied to most metals. It is often applied in a paste form and may be transparent or opaque when fired.

The powder melts and flows to harden as a smooth, durable vitreous coating on metal, glass or ceramic. In a discussion of art technology, enamel (or vitreous enamel, or porcelain enamel in American English) is the colorful result of fusion of powdered glass to a substrate through the process of firing, usually between 750 and 850 degrees Celsius. Counter enameling, not strictly a technique, but a necessary step in many techniques, is to apply enamel to the back of a piece as well - sandwiching the metal - to create less tension on the glass so it does not crack. Sgrafitto, where an unfired layer of enamel is applied over a previously fired layer of enamel of a contrasting color, and then partly removed with a tool to create the design.

The stencil is removed before firing, the enamel staying in a pattern, slightly raised. Stenciling, where a stencil is placed over the work and the powdered enamel is sifted over the top. A 3D type of enameling where a sculptural form is completely or partly enameled. Ronde bosse, French for "round bump".

It has a stained-glass like appearance. Plique-à-jour, French for "braid letting in daylight" where the enamel is applied in cells, similar to champlevé, but with no backing, so light can shine through the transparent or translucent enamel. It is a form of Grisaille. Limoges, named after the town in France where it was invented, is the technique of "painting" with an especial enamel called "blanc de limoges" over a dark enamelled surface to form a detailed picture, often human figure.

Grisaille, French term meaning "greying", where dark, often blue or black background is applied, then limoges or opalescent (translucent) enamel is applied on top, building up designs in a monochrome gradient, paler as the thickness of the layer of light color increases. Cloisonné, French for "cell", where thin copper, silver or gold wires form walls which separate different areas. Champlevé, French for "raised field", where enamel is fired around raised fields of metal, leaving the metal exposed. The surface of the metal is decorated with a low relief design which can be seen through translucent and transparent enamels.

Basse-taille, from the French word meaning "low-cut".