Connecticut

Minor league baseball teams:. See also:Philadelphia in film and television. Ranked by per capita income:. cities with teams from four major sports. The three largest Protestant denominations in Connecticut are: Baptist (5% of the total state population), Episcopalian (4%), Methodist (4%). See also: U.S. There are also growing populations of other religions, making the state more diverse. The Wachovia Spectrum is now home to the Flyers' top farm team, the Phantoms and the Major League Indoor soccer team, the Kixx.

New Haven once had a significant Jewish population, but it has mostly fled elsewhere, although there is still a large concentration in the suburban towns west of New Haven. The Sixers and Flyers share the Wachovia Center with the Soul and Wings. There is a significant Jewish population in the state, mostly concentrated in the "Gold Coast" towns between Greenwich and New Haven and in the Hartford suburb of West Hartford. "The Park," "The Zit," "The Vault" or in a Freudian error, "The Vet", from the Eagles' and Phillies' last home, Veterans Stadium). The religious affiliations of the people of Connecticut are:. The Phillies now play in Citizens Bank Park (a.k.a. Females made up approximately 51.6% of the population, with 48.4% male. The Eagles now play at Lincoln Financial Field (informally known as "The Linc").

6.6% of its population were reported as under 5, 24.7% under 18, and 13.8% were 65 or older. The Eagles, Phillies, Flyers and 76ers have each recently had a new stadium built for them. The five largest ancestries in the state are: Italian (18.6%), Irish (16.6%), English (10.3%), German (9.9%), African American (9.1%). The city's original NFL team was the Frankford Yellow Jackets (Frankford being a section of the city located in the northeastern part of town); the club disbanded during the 1931 football season, then re-emerged under the same ownership two years later as the Philadelphia Eagles. Racially, Connecticut is:. In the past Philadelphia has also been home to the Philadelphia Athletics (MLB, now the Oakland Athletics), and the Philadelphia Warriors (NBA, now the Golden State Warriors). 10.9% of the population is foreign-born. The Philadelphia Barrage (Major League Lacrosse, lacrosse) plays at the stadium of Villanova University, which is located in Villanova.

Its population has grown 6% from its 1990 levels. Some locals half-jokingly attribute this to the Curse of Billy Penn. As of the 2003, the population of Connecticut was 3,483,372. Of late Philadelphia teams have been performing well, but frequently missing championships by failing during the crucial stages. Connecticut's first recorded invention was a lapidary machine, by Abel Buell of Killingworth, in 1765. Philadelphia sports fans have a reputation of being devoted to their teams in good times and bad. Between the birth of the US patent system in 1790 and 1930, Connecticut had more patents issued per capita than any other state; in the 1800s, when the US as a whole was issued one patent per three thousand population, Connecticut inventors were issued one patent for every 700-1000 residents. Philadelphia has a long and proud history of professional sports teams.

In the late 1700s, the Connecticut government engaged in financial incentives for building and operating textile mills. The Free Library of Philadelphia. Holland led to submarine production by the Electric Boat Company in Groton beginning in 1924, which continues to this day. Colleges and universities near Philadelphia include. Simon Lake produced submarines for the US Navy in Bridgeport, beginning in 1913, and the work done by John P. All schools in the district are required to have a school uniform or a similar dress code. The first military submarine, the Turtle, was built in Connecticut in 1775 by David Bushnell; since then, Connecticut has remained a world leader in the manufacture of these specialized ships. All of Philadelphia is served by the School District of Philadelphia.

The first recorded steam powered boat in America was built by South Windsor's John Fitch in 1786. WPLY 100.3FM had formerly been a purely Philadelphia-based alternative rock station, but its format was changed to hip hop in early 2005. Connecticut also became an innovative leader in the shipbuilding industry. In 2005, Philadelphia became the largest city in the United States without a modern rock-format radio station, in part because of the difficulty such a station has in gaining market share from WMMR and WYSP. When the safety bicycle was developed in the 1880s, he was in a perfect position to benefit from the subsequent craze. Philadelphia is home to some of the country's most prominent radio stations, including two of the nation's leading rock stations, WMMR at 93.3FM and WYSP at 94.1FM. Both stations have been breakthrough stations for many contemporary rock bands, and both are widely known in the rock music community for their influence in impacting the country's rock music trends. He subsequently began the first bicycle manufacturing in America, Columbia Bicycles, and set about marketing the vehicle, setting up a system of distributorships with fixed prices, hiring doctors to tout cycling as healthy exercise, and founding cycling magazines. Famed comedian Bill Cosby was born and raised in Philadelphia.

Albert Pope of Hartford saw a bicycle in Philadelphia in 1876 and was immediately enthralled with the concept of an "ever-saddled horse that eats nothing and requires no care". Its cultural diversity is reflected in the music and musicians that have come from or through Philadelphia: the R&B styles of Jill Scott and Patti LaBelle, the jazz of Grover Washington Jr., Stan Getz, and Sun Ra, the rock of Pink, the rap of Will Smith, and the opera of Marian Anderson. Another area of industry where Connecticut excelled was in bicycle manufacturing, and its spin-off, the earliest automobile manufacturing. Philadelphia has been home to many people of note, the most famous of whom is probably Ben Franklin, who along with the others in the Continental Congresses helped shape the city along with the country and the world. Gilbert Company, manufacturers of Erector Sets as well as other educational toys such as chemistry sets, microscopes, toy trains, etc. For a list of famous past and present resident of Philadelphia, see: List of people from Philadelphia. Even the world of toys was dominated by the A. C. The "Italian Market" section of South Philadelphia is home to an increasing number of Vietnamese residents.

The name Bridgeport on heavy industrial machinery continues to be a guarantee of high quality around the world, for people who have no idea that it is a city in Connecticut. Philadelphia has a large Italian American population along with Irish-Americans, Asian-Americans, African Americans, and growing numbers of Hispanic residents and émigrés from Russia and Asian countries. Fellows of Torrington designed the first flat turret lathe, and in 1896 built a gear shaper which permitted the manufacture of effective and reliable gear transmissions for the soon-to-come automobile industry. Distinctive Philadelphian dishes include:. Edwin R. The following railroads, almost all radiating from downtown, were built in the mid-19th century:. Billings perfected the drop hammer for metal forging in the 1870s and designed the copper commutator central to the operation of electrical generators and motors. Philadelphia was an early railroad hub.

Charles E. Other planned freeways have been cancelled, such as an Interstate 695 running southwest from downtown and a freeway upgrade of Roosevelt Boulevard. Edward P. Bullard designed the vertical boring mill in 1883. Shortly after it was completed, though, it became one of the busiest corridors in the region. Cushman, invented the self-centering Cushman Universal Chuck in 1862. The construction of 476 between 76 and 95 took much longer than expected due to community opposition and stubborn landowners. Simon Fairman invented the lathe chuck in West Stafford in 1830, and his son-in-law, Austin F. The stretch of 476 between 95 and the toll portion of 476 (running North from the Mid-County Interchange at Plymouth Meeting) is referred to locally as "The Blue Route," because regional planners drew a blue line right through Montgomery and Delaware Counties to suggest where a road ought to be built.

Lincoln company of Hartford. Opened in the early 1990s, the Northeast Extension (276 & 476) connects highways south of Philly International Airport to ones north of the city. Pratt and Amos Whitney invented a thread milling machine in 1865; Whitney also perfected various measurement instruments and Pratt designed the original milling machine manufactured by the George S. The Tacony-Palmyra Bridge connects PA 73 with NJ 73, and is maintained by the Burlington County Bridge Commission. Francis A. The Delaware River Port Authority operates three bridges in Philadelphia over the Delaware River to New Jersey: the Walt Whitman Bridge (I-76), the Benjamin Franklin Bridge (I-676 and US 30), and the Betsy Ross Bridge (NJ 90). Christopher Spencer invented the automatic lathe turret for machining screws, as well as the variable cam cylinder used to control the turret. Plans to extend the highway west into the suburbs were killed by community opposition.

Another Colt engineer, William Mason, patented 125 inventions for manufacture of firearms, as well as steam pumps and power looms. The Woodhaven Expressway (PA 63), serving the neighborhood of Northeast Philadelphia, runs between Interstate 95 and Roosevelt Boulevard (US 1). Machinist Elisha Root first designed machinery for the Collins Company of Collinsville which manufactured axes which became world-famous, then was hired by Colt in 1849 to modernize firearm production by designing precision drop hammers, boring machines, gauges, jigs, etc., and improving the milling machines designed by Francis A. Pratt for the George S. Lincoln company in Hartford; the resulting Lincoln Miller became world-famous, selling over 150,000 machines. In recent years, it has become a traffic bottleneck and includes the #2 and #3 worst intersections in the country about a mile from each other, according to a study by State Farm Insurance. In 1818, Simeon North designed America's first milling machine. The boulevard was built for the Lincoln Highway as part of the City Beautiful movement. Hardware and tools continue to be manufactured by Stanley Corporation in New Britain, despite having almost moving elsewhere for financial reasons. Connecticut was a major area for development and manufacture of machine tools. Roosevelt Boulevard and the Roosevelt Expressway (US 1) connects Northeast Philadelphia with Center City.

Similarly, Connecticut industry became well known in allied fields. A link between I-95 and I-76, it runs beneath street level through Center City, and connects to the Ben Franklin Bridge at its east end. The American Clock and Watch Museum is located in Bristol, Connecticut. Interstate 676, the Vine Street Expressway, was completed in 1991 after years of planning. Welch Company), the New England Clock Company, the Ansonia Clock Company, Gilbert Clocks, Ingraham Clocks, the New Haven Clock Company, Welch Clocks, Sessions Clocks, and the Waterbury Clock Company, which became Timex Corporation, and is the sole Connecticut survivor of this once flourishing field, now decimated by lower costs of production elsewhere, in the United States and overseas. It meets the Pennsylvania Turnpike at King of Prussia and provides access to Harrisburg and points west. N. The city is also served by Interstate 76 (the Schuylkill Expressway), which runs along the Schuylkill River.

Another area where precision manufacture led to industrial dominance for Connecticut was in the manufacture of clocks, watches, and other timepieces, by Eli Terry and his apprentice Seth Thomas, the Forestville Manufacturing Company (which became the E. Interstate 95 runs through the city along the Delaware River, providing transportation from Florida to Maine. Christopher Spencer designed the Spencer repeating rifle which played an important role for union troops at the Battle of Gettysburg. Philadelphia International Airport provides domestic and international scheduled air service, while Northeast Philadelphia Airport serves general and corporate aviation. Christian Sharps designed the Sharps breech-loading rifle which in 1854 began to be manufactured in Hartford by the Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company. Two airports, Philadelphia International Airport and Northeast Philadelphia Airport, reside within the city limits (Philadelphia International also lies in the city limits of Tinicum Township, Delaware County). Wesson designed the first repeating rifle in Norwich in the early 1850s, which went into production by the New Haven Arms Company (which later became the Winchester Repeating Arms Company), and, just across the border in Massachusetts, the Springfield Armory. Smith also patented a metallic rifle cartridge in 1854. PATCO provides subway service to Camden, Collingswood, Haddonfield, Cherry Hill, Ashland, and Lindenwold, New Jersey, from stations on Locust Street between 16th and 15th, 13th and 12th, and 10th and 9th Streets, and on Market Street at 8th Street.

Horace Smith and Daniel B. Amtrak's 30th Street Station is a major railroad facility which offers access to Amtrak, SEPTA, and NJ Transit rail lines. Root to modernize production, making Colt weapons the first in the world with truly interchangeable parts. Philadelphia lies directly on Amtrak's Northeast Corridor. Colt's Manufacturing Company hired Elisha K. Philadelphia is served by the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority, or SEPTA. SEPTA runs buses, trains, subways, trolleys, and trackless trolleys around Philadelphia and into the suburbs. In 1836, Samuel Colt invented the revolver design which continues to be used to this day. Out of the total population, 31.3% of those under the age of 18 and 16.9% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.

The Savage Revolving Fire Arm Company manufactured pistols between 1859 and 1866, and the Sage Ammunition Works manufactured ammunition between 1864 and 1867. 22.9% of the population and 18.4% of families are below the poverty line. After this period, firearm manufacturing declined in Middletown, but briefly revived during the Civil War. The per capita income for the city is $16,509. Johnson built a factory, also on the Pameacha River, which was to sell rifles to the government until 1825. Males have a median income of $34,199 versus $28,477 for females. D. The median income for a household in the city is $30,746, and the median income for a family is $37,036.

Johnson and J. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 81.8 males. In 1812, John R. For every 100 females there are 86.8 males. The factory later manufactured muskets and rifles until 1845, after which the United States government started government armories in Massachusetts and West Virginia partially modeled after Starr's. The median age is 34 years. Starr initially manufactured swords, about 5,000 a year; including presentation swords for the state of Tennessee and War of 1812 heroes, colonel Richard M. Johnson, General Edmond P. Gaines, and General andrew Jackson. In the city the population is spread out with 25.3% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 29.3% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who are 65 years of age or older.

Even more successful was Colonel Nathan Starr Jr., whose factory (built of stone quarried from the river) was about the same size as North's, and located across the river half a mile northeast. The average household size is 2.48 and the average family size is 3.22. Also in 1810, Colonel Simeon North built a pistol factory in Middletown on the West River, now the Coginchaug River, also winning a contract from the secretary of war, which led to enlarging his factory to 8,500 square feet (790 m²); he built about 10,000 pistols a year, up until just before the [Civil War]], designing America's first milling machine. 33.8% of all households are made up of individuals and 11.9% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. In 1810, Oliver Bidwell built the first pistol factory in the United States on the Pameacha River in Middletown, winning a contract with the United States war department for handmade pistols. Of the 590,071 households, 27.6% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.1% are married couples living together, 22.3% have a female householder with no husband present, and 40.3% are non-families. Middletown, Connecticut was the major supplier of pistols to the United States government during the War of 1812, with numerous gun manufacturers in the area. The ethnic makeup of the city is 43.2% Black, 13.6% Irish, 9.2% Italian, 8.1% German, 6.4% Puerto Rican, and 4.3% Polish.

Between 1800 and 1860, Connecticut manufacturers applied the system to the manufacture of economically priced high quality firearms, leading to Connecticut's nickname "the arsenal of democracy". 8.50% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. This development changed "made in the United States" from a phrase connoting shoddy workmanship and expensive maintenance, into a world standard for high quality, and the entire system became known as the American system of manufacturing. The racial makeup of the city is 45.02% White, 43.22% African American, 0.27% Native American, 4.46% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 4.77% from other races, and 2.21% from two or more races. The development by Eli Whitney of the system of precision manufacturing of interchangeable parts and the assembly line in the late 1700s, however made Connecticut into a major center of manufacturing. There are 661,958 housing units at an average density of 1,891.9/km² (4,900.1/mi²). While manual labor was valued, learning and study was also prized and many schools were founded, with Yale the most significant. The population density is 4,337.3/km² (11,233.6/mi²).

As in most of New England, the residents believed that industry, in all senses of the word, not only strengthened individual moral fiber, but also served to make the colony independent and free to pursue its own religious and philosophical beliefs. As of the census² of 2000, there are 1,517,550 people, 590,071 households, and 352,272 families residing in the city. Manufacturing was aided by a plenitude of resources, including water power, wood for fires and building material, and iron ore, while transportation benefited from several excellent natural harbors, and navigable rivers leading all the way to Massachusetts. For a more extensive list of Philadelphia neighborhoods, see List of Philadelphia neighborhoods. It rapidly developed trade and manufacturing as the farmers, and then the merchants and manufacturers themselves, became affluent enough to start buying things. These include Andorra, Roxborough, Northern Liberties, Old City, Bustleton, Oxford Circle, Somerton, Manayunk, Center City, Queen Village, Kensington, Frankford, University City, Strawberry Mansion, Chestnut Hill, Fishtown, Port Richmond, Germantown, Mount Airy, Wynnefield, Chinatown, Fox Chase, South Philly, Society Hill, the Museum District and many others. Connecticut began, as most communities at the time, as a farming economy. Many of these neighborhoods coincide with the borough and townships that made up Philadelphia County before their absorbtion by the city.

Its industrial outputs are transportation equipment (especially helicopters, aircraft parts, and nuclear submarines), heavy industrial machinery and electrical equipment, fabricated metal products, chemical and pharmaceutical products, and scientific instruments. Like every big city, Philadelphia has many neighborhoods, each of which has its own identity. The agricultural output for the state is nursery stock, eggs, dairy products, cattle, and tobacco. Bodies of water include the Schuylkill River, Cobbs Creek, Wissahickon Creek, and Pennypack Creek. The recent establishment of two very large and lucrative Indian casinos in the southeastern region of the state has led to a large influx of money in that area, as well as statewide in general. The total area is 5.29% water. Connecticut is an important center of the insurance and financial industries, largely in Hartford and in Fairfield county. 349.9 km² (135.1 mi²) of it is land and 19.6 km² (7.6 mi²) of it is water.

Exacerbating this problem, the state has a high cost of living, due to a combination of expensive real estate, expensive heating for the winters, the need to import much food from warmer states, and the dependence on private automobiles for mobility. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 369.4 km² (142.6 mi²). As evident from the dichotomy in income figures described above, this problem has yet to be successfully solved. Philadelphia is located at 39°59'53" North, 75°8'41" West (39.998012, -75.144793)¹. As a result, the middle class largely fled the urban areas for the suburbs, taking stores and other tax-paying businesses with them, and leaving only the urban poor in the now impoverished Connecticut cities. The city is also a national center of law due to the University of Pennsylvania's prestigious law school. The state did not have an income tax until 1991, making it an attractive haven for high earners fleeing the heavy taxes of New York State, but putting an enormous burden on Connecticut property tax payers, particularly in the cities with their more extensive municipal services. Because of the large presence of the federal government, the city has a large contingent of law firms including the head quarters of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius, LLP-- a world-wide firm and federal contractor.

This is due to Fairfield County having become a bedroom community for higher paid New York City workers seeking a less urban lifestyle, as well as the spread of businesses outwards from New York City having reached into southwestern Connecticut. The east-coast operations of the United States Mint are based near the historic district, and the Federal Reserve Bank's Philadelphia division is based there as well. [2] (http://www.bea.doc.gov/bea/regional/statelocal.htm) There is, however, a great disparity in incomes through the state; although New Canaan has the highest per capita income in America, Bridgeport, Hartford, and New Haven are three of the ten cities with the lowest per capita incomes in America. The Federal government plays a large role in Philadelphia as well. The per capita income for 2003 was $42,972, 2^nd in the United States. The list of major companies in Philadelphia includes Aramark, GlaxoSmithKline, Sunoco, Comcast, and Pep Boys. The total gross state product for 2003 was $172 billion. Philadelphia has its own stock exchange.

See [1] (http://www.kurumi.com/roads/ct/index.html) for a very complete and in-depth discussion of Connecticut roadways, current, past, and future. Philadelphia's economy is heavily based upon manufacturing, refining, food, and financial services. Funds to relieve the situation, either by enhancing commuter rail, increasing highway capacity, or both, are lacking, and the problem is noted as one hindering further economic development for the state. Judges for all of the above courts are elected at large. As a result, commuter rail is also heavily crowded, along with parking facilities and traffic at the stations. Also, the Superior Court of Pennsylvania and the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania sit in Philadelphia several times a year. At rush hours, multiple backups tens of miles long are common, and the daily radio broadcasts of where crashes have completely blocked traffic are a fact of life for commuters in the area. Pennsylvania's three appellate courts also sit in Philadelphia. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, which is the court of last resort in the state, regularly hears arguments in Philadelphia City Hall.

I-95 from south of New Haven to the New York border is one of the most congested highways in the United States due to increasing population density, increasing business in the New York area, and a general increase in American driving, and the congestion spills over to clog the parallel Merritt Parkway. Traffic Court is a court of special jurisdiction which hears violations of traffic laws. Other major arteries in the state include State Routes 8 and 25 (http://www.nycroads.com/roads/CT-8/|) and US Route 7. The Philadelphia Municipal Court handles matters of limited jurisdiction as well as landlord-tenant disputes, appeals from traffic court, conducts preliminary examinations for felony-level offenses, and the like. A series of terrible crashes at these plazas eventually led to abandonment of the whole toll system in 1988. It is funded and operated largely by City resources and employees. This road and I-95 were originally toll roads; they relied on a system of toll plazas at which all traffic would stop and pay an incremental fare, rather than the alternative system of providing drivers a ticket where they entered the highway and charging them when they exited. The Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas, also known as the Court of Common Pleas for the First Judicial District of Pennsylvania, is the trial court of general jurisdiction for Philadelphia.

The other major interstate traffic arteries in Connecticut are the Merritt Parkway and Wilbur Cross Parkway, which together form Connecticut State Route 15, running from the Hutchinson River Parkway in New York State parallel to I-95 before turning north of New Haven and running parallel to I-91, finally becoming a surface road in Berlin, Connecticut. Verna. The Interstate highways in the state are I-95 (the Connecticut Turnpike) running southwest to northeast along the coast, I-84 running southwest to northeast in the center of the state, I-91 running north to south in the center of the state, and I-395 running north to south near the eastern border of the state. The current council president is Anna C. The glaciers carved valleys in Connecticut running north to south; as a result, many more roadways in the state run north to south than do east to west, mimicking the previous use of the many north-south rivers as transportation. Philadelphia has seven council members at large, and ten council members from districts. In practice, most Connecticut residents find public transportation not fully adequate for all their needs and either own a private vehicle or have access to one. The legislative branch of Philadelphia is the Philadelphia City Council.

(In an episode of the American television show Miracles, the protagonist took a train from Boston directly to Hartford, causing Connecticut residents to joke that that would really have been a miracle.) Bus service is supplied by Connecticut Transit, owned by the Connecticut Department of Transportation. See also: List of mayors of Philadelphia. There is railway service along the coastline from New York City to Boston, including commuter rail service between New Haven and New York and a new commuter service along the coastline north of New Haven, with spur service running northwards to cities such as Hartford. He was re-elected by a larger majority in 2003. Transportation in Connecticut is predominantly via highway. The incumbent is former Philadelphia City Council President John Street (D), who was first elected in 1999. The eight regions of Connecticut are:. The city is headed by an elected mayor who is limited to two consecutive four-year terms, but can run for the position again after an intervening term.

Fairfield County's "Gold Coast", for example, is often derided by residents of the rest of the state as being more similar to New York than to New England, and many of the residents go for years or even decades without ever traveling to other regions of the state, considering themselves more attached to New York City and its suburbs in eastern New York State. From a governmental perspective, Philadelphia County is a legal nullity, as all county functions were assumed by the city in 1952, which has been coterminous with the county since 1854. Each region boasts varied qualities which distinguish it within the state, and at times there are minor cultural frictions between the regions and their major cultural centers as each competes for tourists, new residents, and internal state pride. Prior to that, the city of Philadelphia consisted only of those areas between South Street, Vine Street, the Delaware River, and the Schuylkill River. The state of Connecticut can be said to be sub-divided into eight general regions which generally correspond with the eight counties of the state, though there are differences in the boundaries. The city limits have been coterminous with Philadelphia County since 1854.
. The term "Downtown" refers to South Philadelphia.

See also: Geology of Connecticut. The Central Business District is known as Center City, and is the third largest of its kind in America. Forests, rivers, lakes, waterfalls and a sandy shore add to the state's beauty. David Rittenhouse was a clockmaker and friend of the American Revolution. Near the green may stand a small white church, a town meeting hall, a tavern and several colonial houses. William Rittenhouse's original paper mill site is known as Rittenhousetown, and is a delightful rural setting in Fairmount Park. Many towns center around a small park, known as a "green", e.g. New Haven Green. Rittenhouse Square is named after David Rittenhouse, a descendent of the first paper-maker in Philadelphia, the German immigrant William Rittenhouse.

Connecticut's rural areas and small towns in the northeast and northwest corners of the state contrast sharply with its industrial cities, located along the coastal highways from the New York border to New Haven, then northwards to Hartford, as well as further up the coast near New London. Since the completion of One Liberty Place, no Philadelphia sporting team has won a world championship event in its discipline, a phenomenon locally - and increasingly nationally - known as the "Curse of Billy Penn." There is also a Masonic Temple located only across the street from the City Hall, a legacy of the Founding Fathers and signers of the Declaration of Independence, many of whom were Freemasons. The state, although small, has regional variations in its landscape and culture from the wealthy estates of Fairfield County's "Gold Coast" to the rolling mountains and farms of the Litchfield Hills and the casinos of Southeastern Connecticut. One Liberty Place is the tallest building not only in Philadelphia but in the entire state of Pennsylvania, however in 2005 construction began on the Comcast Center which, when completed in 2007, will be 30 feet taller than One Liberty Place. See: List of Connecticut rivers. Since then, seven other skyscrapers have been completed exceeding the statue, including One Liberty Place's little sister, Two Liberty Place. The Connecticut River cuts through the center of the state, flowing into Long Island Sound, Connecticut's outlet to the Atlantic Ocean. However in March of 1987, One Liberty Place broke the gentlemen's agreement not to exceed the height of the statue of William Penn on the top of the City Hall.

There is an ongoing civic pride and economic competition between Hartford and New Haven, which stems back to the days when the two cities shared the state's capital, and even back to when New Haven and Hartford were two separate colonies. City Hall is the tallest masonry building in the world; and through the late 1980s, City Hall used to be locally known as the tallest building in Philadelphia. In all, there are a total of 169 incorporated towns in Connecticut. Both are the same distance south of City Hall. The state capital is Hartford, and the other major cities include New Haven, New London, Norwich, Stamford, Waterbury, Torrington and Bridgeport. The eastern edge of Rittenhouse Square is on 18th St., four blocks west of City Hall, while the western edge of Washington Square is between 7th and 8th, about six and a half blocks east of City Hall. Connecticut is bordered on the south by Long Island Sound, on the west by New York State, on the north by Massachusetts, and on the east by Rhode Island. He also planned five public parks, one at the intersection of High and Broad Streets in the very center of the city (now occupied by the City Hall) and four others (now called Washington Square, Rittenhouse Square, Logan Square and Franklin Square) surrounding it.

Connecticut currently has five representatives in the House. The east-west streets, many of them named for trees, e.g., Chestnut, Walnut, Locust, and Spruce (These are laid out in increasing Hardness from the Soft-wood Pine in the South to the Hard-wood Chestnut in the North) parallel the main thoroughfare named High Street by Penn, but called Market Street since at least the early 18th century (six blocks south of the latter is South Street, noted in recent decades for its raucous night life and the subject of the 1963 hit single by The Orlons of the same name). Lieberman (Democrat). The numbered streets then resume, continuing in the original plan to 28th at the Schuylkill River. Dodd (Democrat) and Joseph I. The north-south streets are numbered sequentially from Front (instead of First), along the Delaware River, to 13th, followed by the main north-south thoroughfare, Broad Street (instead of 14th). senators are Christopher J. Penn's surveyor, Thomas Holme, laid out the city in a strict grid, with all streets running either north-south or east-west.

Jodi Rell (Republican) and the two U.S. In 1926, the city held the Sesquicentennial Exposition, but Philadelphia was not the central focus of the Bicentennial observances that took place nationwide in the United States in 1976 (New York City held this distinction, as thousands of "tall ships" gathered in New York Harbor on July 4, 1976, the 200th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence). The current governor of Connecticut is M. Memorial Hall and the expansive mall in front of it are remnants of this fair. One, Naugatuck, is a merged town-borough. In 1876 Philadelphia hosted the World's Fair known as the Centennial Exposition. There are also 9 incorporated boroughs, eight of which provide additional services to a section of town. The Pennsylvania Railroad, once America's largest railroad by revenue and traffic volume and at one time the largest public corporation in the world, was headquartered on Broad Street, as was its merger successor, the Penn Central.

The sole exception is the City of Groton, which is a subsection of the Town of Groton. An early railroad center, Philadelphia was the original home of the Baldwin Locomotive Works, the world's largest builder of steam locomotives (which relocated to nearby Eddystone, Pennsylvania). Most cities are coterminal with their namesake towns and have a merged city-town government. Philadelphia served as the temporary capital for a decade, until 1800, when the Capitol building in the new Federal city of Washington, DC was opened. There are 169 incorporated cities and towns across the state. In exchange for locating a permanent capital on the banks of the Potomac River, the congressmen agreed to support Hamilton's financial proposals. The state judicial system and the associated state marshal system, however, are still divided by county, and the eight counties are still widely used for purely geographical purposes, e.g. in weather reports. In 1790, the seat of the United States Government was moved from Federal Hall in New York to Congress Hall in Philadelphia as the result of a compromise between a number of Southern congressmen and United States Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton.

Unlike most other states, Connecticut does not have county governments or county seats; rather, there is only the state government and the governments of the local municipalities. For a time in the 18th century, Philadelphia was the largest city in the Americas north of Mexico City, and was the fourth largest city under Crown rule (after London, Bristol, and Dublin). Prior to that, New Haven and Hartford alternated as capital. The Declaration of Independence and US Constitution were signed in the city's Independence Hall. Hartford has been the sole capital of Connecticut since 1875. Philadelphia was a major center of the independence movement during the American Revolutionary War. The traditional abbreviation of the state's name is "Conn.". Penn also required lots of alleyways and open spaces in hopes of controlling fires and disease (which were then common problems in London).

Its first constitution, the "Fundamental Orders", was adopted on January 14, 1639, while its current constitution, the fourth for Connecticut, was adopted in 1965. This was intended to allow the city's population to leave the city easily. The first Europeans to settle permanently in Connecticut were English Puritans from Massachusetts in 1633. During early immigration by Quakers and others, when immigrants purchased land in the city, they also received farm land outside of the city. Connecticut is one of the original 13 states. Penn hoped that the city, as the capital of his new colony founded on principles of freedom and religious tolerance, would be a model of this philosophy. The name "Connecticut" comes from an Algonquin Indian word meaning "on the long tidal river". The city's name means "city of brotherly love" in ancient Greek.

Main article: History of Connecticut. Philadelphia is a planned city founded and developed by William Penn, a Quaker. USS Connecticut was named in honor of this state. In 1700, the group built the Gloria Dei Church, also known as Old Swedes. Connecticut was one of the thirteen colonies that revolted against British rule in the American Revolution. A congregation was formed in 1646 on Tinicum Island by Swedish missionary Johannes Campanius. Connecticut is a state of the United States, part of the New England region, as well as the southernmost state in New England and one of the wealthiest states in the country. In 1669, Swedish colonists became the first Europeans to settle the area (see New Sweden), calling it Wicoca.

New Britain Rock Cats. Before Europeans arrived, the Delaware (Lenape) Indian town of Shackamaxon was located where Philadelphia now stands. Norwich Navigators. At that time, it eclipsed Boston and New York City in political and social importance, with Benjamin Franklin playing an extraordinary role in Philadelphia's rise.
. Bridgeport Bluefish. During part of the 18th century, the city was the second capital and then-most populous city of the United States. Their departure to North Carolina caused great controversy and resentment. It has played a critical role in American history and the birth of American independence and democracy.

Until 1997, the National Hockey League had a franchise in Hartford, the Hartford Whalers. Philadelphia is one of the oldest cities in the United States. Hartford Wolf Pack of the American Hockey League. Philadelphia is the central city for the Delaware Valley metropolitan area. Connecticut Sun of the Women's National Basketball Association. The Philadelphia metropolitan area is the fourth largest nationally, with some 5.7 million people. Old Lyme, Connecticut $41,386. However, later estimates showed that Philadelphia's population loss and Phoenix's population growth had both slowed, leaving the rankings unchanged for the present.

Madison Center, Connecticut $42,046. A July 1, 2002 census estimate showed the population dropping modestly to 1,492,231, with Phoenix, Arizona surpassing the city proper as the 5th largest city in the United States. Cornwall, Connecticut $42,484. Philadelphia (sometimes referred to as "Philly" or "the City of Brotherly Love") is the fifth most populous city in the United States and the most populous city in the state of Pennsylvania, occupying all of Philadelphia County.⁶ As of the 2000 census, the population was 1,517,550. Bridgewater, Connecticut $42,505. Indoor soccer: Philadelphia Kixx (Major Indoor Soccer League). Essex, Connecticut $42,806. Indoor lacrosse: Philadelphia Wings (National Lacrosse League).

Lyme, Connecticut $43,347. Arena football: Philadelphia Soul (Arena Football League). Fairfield, Connecticut $43,670. hockey: Philadelphia Flyers (National Hockey League), Philadelphia Phantoms (American Hockey League). Sharon, Connecticut $45,418. Basketball: Philadelphia 76ers (National Basketball Association). Woodbridge, Connecticut $49,049. Baseball: Philadelphia Phillies (Major League Baseball).

Redding, Connecticut $50,687. football: Philadelphia Eagles (National Football League). Groton Long Point, Connecticut $51,066. Delaware County Community College, Marple Township. Avon, Connecticut $51,706. West Chester University of Pennsylvania, West Chester. Ridgefield, Connecticut $51,795. University of Delaware, located just outside Pennsylvania in Newark, Delaware.

Essex Village, Connecticut $51,928. Widener University, Chester. Easton, Connecticut $53,885. Swarthmore College, Swarthmore. Georgetown, Connecticut $55,029. Villanova University, Villanova. Roxbury, Connecticut $56,769. Neumann College, Aston.

Fenwick, Connecticut $60,625. Haverford College, Haverford. Wilton, Connecticut $65,806. Rosemont College, Bryn Mawr. Deep River Center, Connecticut $72,261. Davids. Westport, Connecticut $73,664. Eastern University, located in St.

Greenwich, Connecticut $74,346. Bryn Mawr College, located in Bryn Mawr. Weston, Connecticut $74,817. Arcadia University, located in Glenside, Pennsylvania. Darien, Connecticut $77,519. Manor College, located in Jenkintown, Pennsylvania. New Canaan, Connecticut $82,049. Bryn Athyn College of the New Church, located in Bryn Athyn, Pennsylvania.

Non-Religious – 6%. Temple University's Tyler School of Art, located in Elkin's Park, Pennsylvania. Other Religions – 3%. Temple University, located in Ambler, Pennsylvania. Other Christian – 1%. Pennsylvania State University, located in Abington, Pennsylvania and Media, Pennsylvania. Protestant – 34%. Montgomery County Community College, located in Blue Bell, Pennsylvania.

Roman Catholic – 50%. University of Pennsylvania. 2.2% Mixed race. University of the Sciences in Philadelphia. 0.3% American Indian. University of the Arts. 2.4% Asian. Thomas Jefferson University.

9.1% Black. Temple University. 9.4% Hispanic. Saint Joseph's University. 77.5% White non-Hispanic. Philadelphia University. Southeastern Connecticut. Philadelphia Community College.

The Quiet Corner. Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine. Lower Connecticut River Valley. Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Greater Hartford. La Salle University. Greater New Haven. Holy Family University.

Naugatuck River Valley. Drexel University. Litchfield Hills. Curtis Institute of Music. Gold Coast. Chestnut Hill College. The Art Institute of Philadelphia.

The Resturant School. Moore College of Art. Masterman high school. Central High School.

Philadelphia Auto Show. Philadelphia Flower Show. The Wing Bowl, a chicken wing eating competition. Patrick's Day Parade.

Philadelphia St. The Greek Picnic, a reunion and celebration of African-American college fraternities. The Mummers Parade, held every New Year's Day on Broad Street. For a traditional Philadelphia cheesesteak - Tony Luke's, Pat's Steaks, Geno's Steaks or Jim's Steaks (though cheesteaks can be found at most any corner pizza shop).

South Street. SEPTA Museum. Rittenhouse Square. Reading Terminal Market.

Philadelphia Zoo. Penn's Landing. One Liberty Place. LOVE Park.

Italian market. Gloria Dei National Historic Site, built in 1700, it is the oldest church in the state. Fairmount Park. Elfreth's Alley.

Eastern State Penitentiary. Philadelphia City Hall. Betsy Ross House. 30th Street Station.

University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. Rosenbach Foundation & Rosenbach Museum. Rodin Museum (largest collection of Auguste Rodin's works outside France). Please Touch Museum.

Philadelphia Museum of Art. National Constitution Center. Mütter Museum of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia (museum of medical and pathological oddities and curiosities). Liberty Bell & Independence Hall.

Franklin Institute. Fort Mifflin. Fairmount Waterworks and its interpretive center. Edgar Allan Poe House.

Barnes Foundation. Atwater-Kent Municipal Museum. Unlike soft pretzels of other cities, which are the same shape as hard pretzels, Philadelphia soft pretzels have a long, thin block-like shape. Soft pretzel -- thick, doughy pretzels, generally salted, often served with mustard.

Polish ice -- A much looser, creamier form of Italian Ice, usually coming only in chocolate and vanilla. Irish ice -- Irish ice is a creamier, thicker form of water ice. Italian ice (Water Ice)-- a frozen dessert, similar to a slushie except stiffer. Scrapple -- corn meal mush cooked up with every part (scrap) of the pig from the Pennsylvania Dutch country of Lancaster County.

Hoagies -- a sandwich made with cold cuts on an Italian roll, a localised variant of the submarine sandwich. Cheesesteaks, a kind of humble culinary masterpiece, made of cheese (usually either Cheez Wiz(tm), provolone or American) and slices of fried ribeye steak on a hoagie (Italian) roll, sometimes combined with onions or mushrooms - recent innovations include a chicken and a vegetarian variant. 1854: West Chester and Philadelphia Railroad[11] (http://courses.wcupa.edu/jones/his480/notes/rr-1.htm). 1850: relocation of Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad (later Pennsylvania Railroad main line)[10] (http://www.railsandtrails.com/PRR/BOD1948/history.html).

1839: Camden and Woodbury Railroad[9] (http://www.earlpleasants.com/search_1.asp). 1837: Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad[8] (http://broadway.pennsyrr.com/Rail/Prr/Corphist/pb_w.html). 1835?: Philadelphia and Reading Railroad[7] (http://www.ushistory.org/philadelphia/special/railroad.htm). 1835: Southwark Railroad (only in downtown)[6] (http://broadway.pennsyrr.com/Rail/Prr/Corphist/pb_w.html).

1834: Camden and Amboy Railroad[5] (http://broadway.pennsyrr.com/Rail/Prr/Corphist/urrnj.html). 1834: Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad[4] (http://homepages.rootsweb.com/~wdstock/railroad.htm). 1834: Philadelphia and Columbia Railroad (later Pennsylvania Railroad main line)[3] (http://www.columbiahistoric.com/RAILROAD.HTM). 1834: Delaware and Schuylkill Railroad (only in downtown)[2] (http://www.ushistory.org/philadelphia/special/railroad.htm).

1832: Philadelphia, Germantown and Norristown Railroad[1] (http://www.ushistory.org/philadelphia/special/railroad.htm).