This page will contain discussion groups about Columbus, Ohio, as they become available.Columbus, OhioSkyline of downtown Columbus, Ohio, viewed across the Scioto River.Columbus is the capital of the state of Ohio in the United States of America. The city is the most populous in the state, with a population of 711,470 as of the 2000 census, and the heart of the third largest metropolitan area. According to recent U.S. census estimates, in Ohio only the metropolitan areas of Cleveland (2.15M) and Cincinnati (2.01M) are larger than the Columbus metropolitan area, which has a population of 1,612,694 (2000 census, 31st largest in the United States). With regard to Combined Statistical Areas (and including Chilicothe and Marion), Columbus ranks 24th in the country with 1.84M, behind #19 Cincinnati (2.05M) and #14 Cleveland-Akron (2.95M). Columbus is the county seat of Franklin County. It also extends into Delaware and Fairfield counties. See also: List of Mayors of Columbus, Ohio Education |
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Location in the state of Ohio |
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| Founded | |
| County | Franklin, Delaware, and Fairfield counties |
| Mayor | Michael B. Coleman |
| Area - Total - Water |
550.5 km² (212.6 mi²) 5.9 km² (2.3 mi²) 1.07% |
| Population - City (2000) - Density - Metropolitan |
711,470 1,306.4/km² 1.84 million |
| Time zone | Eastern (UTC –5) |
| Coordinates WGS-84 (GPS) |
39.9898° N 82.9915° W (http://kvaleberg.com/extensions/mapsources/index.php?params=39.9898_N_82.9915_W_region:US_type:city) |
| www.cityofcolumbus.org | |
Columbus is the home of The Ohio State University, which has the distinction of being the largest single campus in the United States with a 48,003 total enrollment according to the OSU Office of University Relations. Also located in Columbus and its metro area are Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, Capital University in Bexley, Franklin University, the Columbus College of Art and Design (CCAD), Otterbein College in Westerville, DeVry University, Ohio Dominican University, and Columbus State Community College.
Columbus Public Schools dominate the K-12 primary school landscape, with each of the suburbs also having fairly large districts as well, sometimes overlapping municipal boundaries. CPS offers many alternative schools as well, such as Columbus Alternative High school, Fort Hayes and Ecole Kenwood. Notable private schools within Columbus include Columbus School for Girls, Bishop Watterson High School, Bishop Ready High School, DeSales High School, Worthington Christian High School, Saint Charles Preparatory School, and the Columbus Academy and Bishop Hartley High School.
As Columbus is the capital of the state of Ohio, there is a large government presence in the city. Including city, state, and jobs at the public Ohio State University, government jobs provide the largest single source of employment within Columbus. However, it is by no means a majority.
Columbus is the headquarters for a number of businesses as well. Nationwide Insurance makes its home downtown in a large, multi-building complex that dominates the northern end of the downtown area. Limited Brands (formerly known as The Limited, Inc.) is located on the east side of the city and is the parent company of the retail stores The Limited, Express, Victoria's Secret, and Bath & Body Works, among others. Worthington Steel is primarily located on the north side of the metro area in the Worthington suburb. Two fast food chains have their homebase in the Columbus metro area as well, Wendy's and White Castle, with Wendy's still operating their first store downtown as both a museum and a working restaurant. Cardinal Health has its headquarters in the northwest suburb of Dublin. Huntington Bancshares also has its headquarters in the downtown area. Borden Chemical (formerly part of the Borden, Inc. corporation prior to its acquisition and subsequent divestiture) is located downtown as well. The Ross Products Division of Abbott Laboratories, makers of Ensure nutritional drink and Similac infant formula, is also headquartered in Columbus, with over 7,000 employees.
In addition to these companies, many companies have a major presence in the Columbus area. Honda has its North American auto plant in Marysville to the northwest of Columbus and produces all of the Honda Accords, Civics, motorcycles and many of Acura's models for the North American market. Bank One, which used to be headquartered in Columbus prior to the merger with First Chicago-NBD, still has a major presence in Columbus. J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., which announced a merger with Bank One in 2004, has a large mortgage servicing unit in the city. CompuServe still has its roots in Columbus, although it has been owned by AOL since 1998. Budweiser has a major brewery located on the north side of the city. McGraw-Hill Inc. has large offices within Columbus as well. UPS has a large distribution center on the west side of the city. Columbus is also home to the Chemical Abstracts Service, making it one of the world's leading centers for scientific information distribution.
Columbus also hosts many conventions in the Greater Columbus Convention Center, a pastel-colored building on the north edge of downtown that resembles jumbled blocks, or a train yard from overhead. The convention center was designed by famed architect Peter Eisenman, who also designed the renowned Wexner Center, also located in Columbus at the campus of The Ohio State University. Completed in 1993, the convention center spanned nearly 600,000 square feet (56,000 m²) at the time, and has recently been expanded.
Columbus is bisected by two major Interstate highways, Interstate 70 running east-west, and Interstate 71 running north to roughly southwest. The two Interstates combine downtown for about 1.5 miles in an area locally known as "The Split", which is a major traffic congestion point within Columbus, especially during rush hour. U.S. Highway 40, aka National Road, runs east-west through Columbus, comprising Main Street to the east of downtown and Broad Street to the west. It is also widely recognized as the nation's first highway. U.S. Highway 23 runs roughly north-south, while U.S. Highway 33 runs northwest-to-southeast. The Interstate 270 Outerbelt encircles the vast majority of Columbus and its suburbs, while the newly redesigned Innerbelt consists of the Interstate 670 spur on the north side (which continues to the east past the airport and to the west where it merges with I-270), State Route 315 on the west side, the I-70/71 split on the south side, and I-71 on the east. Due to its central location within Ohio and abundance of outbound roadways, nearly all of the state's destinations are within a 2-hour drive of Columbus.
The city's street plan--originating in the oldest parts of the city, that is downtown and the immediate vicinity--is a roughly gridiron model bisected north-south by High Street and east-west by Broad Street. Much of the city street numbering plan originates at their intersection in mid-downtown (the Ohio Statehouse building sits at the corner of Broad and High, incidentally), so house numbers increase with distance from downtown. This rigid street grid breaks down the further out one goes, particularly in the suburbs (mostly old towns with their own street plans still intact) and the newer subdivisions. Besides High Street and Broad Street, major thoroughfares in Columbus include Main Street, Morse Road, Dublin-Granville Road (aka SR-161), Cleveland Avenue/Westerville Road (aka SR-3), Olentangy River Road, Riverside Drive, Sunbury Road, and Livingston Avenue.
Columbus does not have a metro or other passenger rail system, but does maintain a widespread municipal bus service called the Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA). Columbus used to have a major train station downtown called Union Station (http://home.columbus.rr.com/unionstation), however it was razed in the late 1970s. Columbus is now the second largest city in the U.S. (after Phoenix) without passenger rail service. Columbus is served by Port Columbus International Airport, Rickenbacker International Airport, Don Scott Airport (run by OSU), and Bolton Field Airport.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 550.5 km² (212.6 mi²). 544.6 km² (210.3 mi²) of it is land and 5.9 km² (2.3 mi²) of it is water. The total area is 1.07% water. Unlike many other major US cities, Columbus continues to expand its reach by way of extensions and annexations, making it one of the fastest growing large cities in the nation, both in geography and population.
The confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy Rivers occurs just outside of downtown Columbus. Several smaller tributaries course through the Columbus metro area, including Alum Creek, Big Walnut Creek, and Darby Creek. By and large, Columbus is fairly flat, with ravine areas around the rivers and creeks, although the land begins to rise to the east and southeast as you approach the Appalachian Mountains.
The greater Columbus area includes many smaller cities, mostly within the Interstate 270 Outerbelt. On the north, these include Worthington, Dublin, New Albany, and Westerville; on the west, Grandview Heights, Galloway, Plain City, West Jefferson, Upper Arlington, and Hilliard; on the south, Canal Winchester, Grove City, Obetz, Circleville, Lithopolis, and Groveport; and on the east, Bexley, Reynoldsburg, Gahanna, Blacklick, Whitehall, Pataskala, and Pickerington. These form a patchwork of jurisdictions, perforating and interrupting the discontinuous and ever-changing city limits of Columbus.
Columbus also has a number of distinctive neighborhoods within the metro area. The Short North area, immediately north of downtown Columbus, is rich with art galleries, as well as pubs and specialty shops. German Village, the largest privately funded historic district on the National Register of Historic Places, was formed by early German settlers and is still composed of 19th century houses, as is Victorian Village. The OSU Campus area has a high concentration of students during the in-session months (perhaps as many as 30,000), and is eclectic and ever-changing to the whims of the student body. Clintonville is nestled between the OSU campus area and the suburb of Worthington to the north and consists of a mix of middle class Levittown type homes and beautiful old stone and brick-faced houses on rolling hills. San Margherita was formed by Italian immigrants at the turn of the 20th century. Linden, to the east of Columbus, is one of the city's oldest neighborhoods. Franklinton, aka "The Bottoms", is the neighborhood immediately to the west of downtown, which gets its colorful nickname due to the fact that much of the land is below the level of the Scioto and Olentangy Rivers and requires a floodwall to contain the rivers and protect the area from devastating floods. Franklinton also has the distinction of being the oldest--in fact the very first--settlement in central Ohio, originally founded in 1797. Just to the west of Franklinton is a group of smaller neighborhoods commonly referred to as "The Hilltop". Other neighborhoods include: Marble Cliff, Valleyview, New Rome, Briggsdale, Urbancrest, Linden, Eastmoor, Minerva Park, Huber Ridge, Mifflinville, Linworth, Riverlea, Olentangy, Amlin, Lincoln Village, and Alton.
The Ohio Statehouse (illustration, right) was begun in 1839 on a 10 acre (40,000 m²) plot of land donated by four prominent Columbus landowners to form Capitol Square, not part of the original layout of the city. The Statehouse stands upon foundations 18 feet (5 m) deep, which were laid by prison labor gangs, rumored to have been swelled by masons jailed for minor infractions [1] (http://www.statehouse.state.oh.us/statehouse/index.cfm). The Statehouse features a central recessed porch with a colonnade of a forthright and primitive Greek Doric mode, built of Columbus limestone that was quarried on the west banks of the Scioto River. A broad and low central pediment supports the windowed astylar drum, under an invisibly low saucer dome, that lights the interior rotunda. Unlike many US state capitol buildings, the Ohio State Capitol owes little to the architecture of the National Capitol. During the long course of the Statehouse's 22 years of construction, seven architects were employed. Relations between the legislature and the architects were not always cordial: Nathan B. Kelly, who introduced heating and an ingenious system of natural forced ventilation, was dismissed because the commissioners found his designs were too lavish for the original intentions of the committee. The Statehouse was opened to the legislature and the public in 1857, and finally complete in 1861.
Columbus Museum of ArtThe Columbus Museum of Art opened in 1931, with a collection focusing on European and American art up to early modernism. Downtown Columbus also boasts the Franklin Park Conservatory, which was also home to Ameriflora '92, and a to-scale replica of the Santa Maria on the Scioto Riverfront that was installed to commemorate the 500-year anniversary of the discovery of America by Columbus' namesake. Columbus also includes the Center of Science and Industry (COSI), a notable science museum; and the museum of the Ohio Historical Society.
To some extent, the Ohio State University is a museum unto itself with its rich history and roots in the Columbus psyche, but it does host a number of museums and museum-like exhibits. Notable among these are the Wexner Center for the Arts, a contemporary art gallery and research facility located on the OSU campus, the Ohio State University Athletics Hall of Fame located in the Schottenstein Center (home of the OSU basketball and hockey teams).
The Ohio Historical Society is headquartered in Columbus, with its flagship museum, the 250,000 square foot (23,000 m²) Ohio Historical Center, located just four miles (6 km) north of downtown.
Columbus is also home to a top-ranked library system, as well as several top-ranked independent libraries (Hennen’s American Public Library Ratings).
The Columbus Zoo is world-renowned, and its director emeritus, Jack Hanna, frequently appears on national television, including The Tonight Show and The Late Show with David Letterman.
Columbus is home to several world class buildings, including the Greek-Revival State Capitol, and the Peter Eisenman-designed Wexner Center and Columbus Convention Center.
By far, the sports team that draws the most attention in Columbus is the Ohio State Buckeyes football team (2002 NCAA Champions). Games are played from late August through late November (and usually in early January), with home games at Ohio Stadium in front of over 100,000 crazed Buckeye fans. Tailgating at OSU home games has become an event in and of itself, with as many as 30,000 more people partying during the game in the parking lots and at controlled events on Lane Avenue such as Hineygate and the Varsity Club street party. The OSU-Michigan football game is the final game of the regular season and is played in November each year (alternating between Columbus and Ann Arbor, Michigan). It is easily the biggest annual event in the city, with an estimated 80% to 90% share of television viewers in the Columbus market, and is one of the greatest rivalries in all sports.
Columbus is also home to many professional sports teams, including the Columbus Crew (Major League Soccer), Columbus Clippers (minor league baseball), Columbus Blue Jackets (National Hockey League), and Columbus Destroyers (Arena Football League). For its GMP and population growth rate, however, Columbus notably does not have a major league baseball, basketball, or football team. This can be explained in part by the city's proximity to both Cincinnati (100 miles) and Cleveland (125 miles), which have five major league teams between them, the Cleveland Browns, Cincinnati Bengals, Cleveland Indians, Cincinnati Reds, and Cleveland Cavaliers. All five teams have a following in Columbus, with the baseball and football fans fairly evenly split between the two cities, although a sizeable Pittsburgh Steelers fanbase exists as well.
There are several major concert venues in Columbus, including Nationwide Arena (home of the Blue Jackets and the Destroyers), the Schottenstein Center (also home to OSU's men's and women's basketball and men's ice hockey teams), and Ohio Stadium. Columbus also has a number of medium sized venues including the Palace Theatre, the Ohio Theatre (home of the Columbus Symphony Orchestra), the Southern Theatre, Franklin County Veterans Memorial hall, and PromoWest Pavilion. Germain Ampitheater (formerly Polaris Ampitheater) is located north of the city, and hosts large outdoor concerts during the warmer months. The Newport Music Hall, located in the OSU campus neighborhood, is a smaller venue, but highly respected among upcoming artists and the alternative music scene. It is the regular venue of notable local band Ekoostik Hookah, and musicians such as Smashing Pumpkins and Sarah McLachlan played at Newport before achieving fame.
Columbus also hosts the annual Arnold Classic weightlifting and fitness exposition in late February, hosted by Arnold Schwarzenegger, as well as the annual Quarterhorse Congress. Both of these conventions are very large draws of tourists to Columbus.
Much of the growth in entertainment capacity in Columbus has been recent. The expansion of Ohio Stadium to over 100,000 in capacity, and the construction of the Crew Stadium (America's first soccer-specific stadium), Nationwide Arena, the Schottenstein Center, the Greater Columbus Convention Center, and the PromoWest Pavilion are all projects completed since 1990.
For shopping, Columbus has the Polaris Fashion Center, Tuttle Mall, Westland Mall, Eastland Mall, and City Center Mall. For parks and recreation, Columbus has Schiller Park, Westgate Park, Big Run Park, Dodge Park, Franklin Park Conservatory, Wolfe Park, Nelson Park, Civic Park, Griggs Reservoir Park, Highbanks Metro Park, Sharon Woods Metro Park, and Mock Park.
Annual festivities in Columbus include the Ohio State Fair—one of the largest state fairs in the country; the Columbus Arts Festival and the Jazz and Ribs Festival, both of which occur on the downtown waterfront. ComFest (http://www.comfest.com/) (short for "community festival") is an immense three-day gathering in Goodale Park (just north of downtown Columbus) with art vendors and live music on multiple stages, hundreds of local social and political organizations, body painting, and enough beer to quench anyone's thirst. Coinciding with the weekend of ComFest is the large Gay Pride Parade, reflective of the sizeable gay population in Columbus. Around the Fourth of July, Columbus hosts Red, White, and Boom (http://columbusoh.about.com/library/bljul01.htm), the largest fireworks display in the midwest on the riverfront downtown to crowds of over 500,000 people, as well as the popular "Doo Dah Parade", a nonsensical satire of ordinary parades. The Origins International Game Expo is held around the first week of July. The Short North is host to the monthly "Gallery Hop", which attracts hundreds to the neighborhood's art galleries (which all open their doors to the public until late at night) and street musicians. German Village (http://germanvillage.com/) has an annual Oktoberfest celebration featuring 32 bands, authentic German food, and various other festival activities.
As of the census2 of 2000, there are 711,470 people, 301,534 households, and 165,240 families residing in the city. The population density is 1,306.4/km² (3,383.6/mi²). There are 327,175 housing units at an average density of 600.8/km² (1,556.0/mi²). The racial makeup of the city is 67.93% White, 24.47% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 3.44% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 1.17% from other races, and 2.65% from two or more races. 2.46% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There are 301,534 households out of which 28.0% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.1% are married couples living together, 14.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 45.2% are non-families. 34.1% of all households are made up of individuals and 7.0% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.30 and the average family size is 3.01.
In the city the population is spread out with 24.2% under the age of 18, 14.0% from 18 to 24, 35.1% from 25 to 44, 17.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 31 years. For every 100 females there are 94.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 91.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $37,897, and the median income for a family is $47,391. Males have a median income of $35,138 versus $28,705 for females. The per capita income for the city is $20,450. 14.8% of the population and 10.8% of families are below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 18.7% of those under the age of 18 and 10.9% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
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Out of the total population, 18.7% of those under the age of 18 and 10.9% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line. Note: Although Reggie White's 92 has not been worn since Reggie had it, the number will not be officially retired until a ceremony during the 2005 season. 14.8% of the population and 10.8% of families are below the poverty line. E-A-G-L-E-S, EAGLES!. The per capita income for the city is $20,450. Fly, Eagles Fly, on the road to victory!. Males have a median income of $35,138 versus $28,705 for females. Hit'em low, hit'em high, and watch our Eagles fly!. The median income for a household in the city is $37,897, and the median income for a family is $47,391. Fight, Eagles Fight, score a touchdown 1, 2, 3!. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 91.9 males. Fly, Eagles Fly, on the road to victory!. For every 100 females there are 94.6 males. The Eagles are well known for their famous fight song, Fly, Eagles Fly:. The median age is 31 years. The fans have since been rewarded with the winningest NFL team in the past five years, while the New England Patriots have gone on to win three Super Bowls in that same period, including one over the Eagles themselves. In the city the population is spread out with 24.2% under the age of 18, 14.0% from 18 to 24, 35.1% from 25 to 44, 17.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% who are 65 years of age or older. The Eagle fans had no trouble filling the Vet and providing sellout after sellout. The average household size is 2.30 and the average family size is 3.01. He chose Philadelphia since New England was having difficulties selling out games and avoiding local blackouts. 34.1% of all households are made up of individuals and 7.0% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. Owner Jeffrey Lurie actually investigated buying the New England Patriots in the early 1990's. There are 301,534 households out of which 28.0% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.1% are married couples living together, 14.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 45.2% are non-families. These fans were put together from the radio station WIP and did not represent the general opinion of Philadelphia fans. 2.46% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race. A minority of Eagles fans wanted Ricky Williams and when the Eagles announced that McNabb was drafted, 30 or so fans present at the New York City draft booed the decision. The racial makeup of the city is 67.93% White, 24.47% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 3.44% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 1.17% from other races, and 2.65% from two or more races. Another example of what Philadelphia fans have to offer is the drafting of star quarterback Donovan McNabb. There are 327,175 housing units at an average density of 600.8/km² (1,556.0/mi²). He laughed it off and pointed to the few culprits saying "You're not getting anything for Christmas". The population density is 1,306.4/km² (3,383.6/mi²). As Olivo recounts, a few fans threw snowballs at him after he reached the endzone. As of the census2 of 2000, there are 711,470 people, 301,534 households, and 165,240 families residing in the city. A skinny, 20 year old Frank Olivo who was in the stands came to the rescue. German Village (http://germanvillage.com/) has an annual Oktoberfest celebration featuring 32 bands, authentic German food, and various other festival activities. The background story is that the original Santa was drunk and unable to perform. The Short North is host to the monthly "Gallery Hop", which attracts hundreds to the neighborhood's art galleries (which all open their doors to the public until late at night) and street musicians. Perhaps the most famous (many would say infamous) example of the legend of Eagles' fans is the Santa Claus Incident, during which a few angry fans booed and threw snowballs at a man dressed as Santa at a game in 1968. The Origins International Game Expo is held around the first week of July. But the Eagles defeated the Atlanta Falcons 27-10 on January 23, 2005 in the NFC Championship Game in Philadelphia, to advance to the Super Bowl XXXIX, where they were defeated by the New England Patriots, 24-21. Around the Fourth of July, Columbus hosts Red, White, and Boom (http://columbusoh.about.com/library/bljul01.htm), the largest fireworks display in the midwest on the riverfront downtown to crowds of over 500,000 people, as well as the popular "Doo Dah Parade", a nonsensical satire of ordinary parades. The year after that, the Eagles hosted the Carolina Panthers at Lincoln Financial Field, but the Panthers advanced to Super Bowl XXXVIII by the score of 14-3. Coinciding with the weekend of ComFest is the large Gay Pride Parade, reflective of the sizeable gay population in Columbus. The next season, the Eagles hosted the Tampa Bay Buccaneers at Veteran's Stadium and were substantial favorites, but lost 27-10. ComFest (http://www.comfest.com/) (short for "community festival") is an immense three-day gathering in Goodale Park (just north of downtown Columbus) with art vendors and live music on multiple stages, hundreds of local social and political organizations, body painting, and enough beer to quench anyone's thirst. Louis in the NFC Championship Game. Annual festivities in Columbus include the Ohio State Fair—one of the largest state fairs in the country; the Columbus Arts Festival and the Jazz and Ribs Festival, both of which occur on the downtown waterfront. In 2001, the Eagles fell to the Rams 29-24 in St. For parks and recreation, Columbus has Schiller Park, Westgate Park, Big Run Park, Dodge Park, Franklin Park Conservatory, Wolfe Park, Nelson Park, Civic Park, Griggs Reservoir Park, Highbanks Metro Park, Sharon Woods Metro Park, and Mock Park. By this time the Eagles were well known for their futility in National Football Conference Championship games since the 2001 season. For shopping, Columbus has the Polaris Fashion Center, Tuttle Mall, Westland Mall, Eastland Mall, and City Center Mall. This made him the first quarterback in NFL history to throw 30 or more TD passes and fewer than 10 INTs in a given season. The expansion of Ohio Stadium to over 100,000 in capacity, and the construction of the Crew Stadium (America's first soccer-specific stadium), Nationwide Arena, the Schottenstein Center, the Greater Columbus Convention Center, and the PromoWest Pavilion are all projects completed since 1990. McNabb had his finest season to date, passing for 3,875 yards and 31 touchdowns, throwing only eight interceptions. Much of the growth in entertainment capacity in Columbus has been recent. Their final two regular-season games thus rendered meaningless, the Eagles sat out most of their first-string players in these games and lost them both, yet still finished with a 13-3 record, their best 16-game season ever. Both of these conventions are very large draws of tourists to Columbus. Their 12-7 victory in this game gave them homefield advantage throughout the playoffs (exclusive of the Super Bowl) for the third year in a row, the team having previously clinched their fourth straight NFC East division title, their fifth consecutive postseason appearance, and a first-round bye in the playoffs. Columbus also hosts the annual Arnold Classic weightlifting and fitness exposition in late February, hosted by Arnold Schwarzenegger, as well as the annual Quarterhorse Congress. Owens would end up with exactly 1,200 receiving yards and 14 touchdown receptions, although his season ended prematurely with an ankle injury on December 19, 2004 against the Dallas Cowboys. It is the regular venue of notable local band Ekoostik Hookah, and musicians such as Smashing Pumpkins and Sarah McLachlan played at Newport before achieving fame. The 2004 season began with a bang as Owens caught three touchdown passes from McNabb in their season opener against the New York Giants. The Newport Music Hall, located in the OSU campus neighborhood, is a smaller venue, but highly respected among upcoming artists and the alternative music scene. No doubt with the latter two facts in mind, the Eagles actively pursued — and ultimately got to trade for — premier wide receiver Terrell Owens, whom the team acquired in a controversial three-way deal involving themselves, the Baltimore Ravens and the San Francisco 49ers, on March 16, 2004. Germain Ampitheater (formerly Polaris Ampitheater) is located north of the city, and hosts large outdoor concerts during the warmer months. The Eagle receivers even went through both September and October without a TD catch — the last time an NFL team had done that was in 1945. Columbus also has a number of medium sized venues including the Palace Theatre, the Ohio Theatre (home of the Columbus Symphony Orchestra), the Southern Theatre, Franklin County Veterans Memorial hall, and PromoWest Pavilion. They achieved both of the above despite getting only five touchdown catches all year from their wide receivers, which tied the league low since the regular-season schedule was lengthened to its present 16 games in 1978 (this record would be broken in 2004 when the New York Giants' wide receivers caught only two touchdown passes). There are several major concert venues in Columbus, including Nationwide Arena (home of the Blue Jackets and the Destroyers), the Schottenstein Center (also home to OSU's men's and women's basketball and men's ice hockey teams), and Ohio Stadium. In their opening game of the 2003 season the Eagles were shut out 17-0 by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the first regular-season game ever played at Lincoln Financial Field; by reaching the conference championship game in the same year as this defeat, they became the first team in modern history to get that far in the postseason after having been shut out at home in its first game. All five teams have a following in Columbus, with the baseball and football fans fairly evenly split between the two cities, although a sizeable Pittsburgh Steelers fanbase exists as well. The 2003 team lost its first two games, both at home — but then proceeded to become the first team ever to make the playoffs after doing this in a non-strike year. This can be explained in part by the city's proximity to both Cincinnati (100 miles) and Cleveland (125 miles), which have five major league teams between them, the Cleveland Browns, Cincinnati Bengals, Cleveland Indians, Cincinnati Reds, and Cleveland Cavaliers. With this duo leading the way, the Eagles won the NFC's Eastern Division for four straight years beginning in 2001, also reaching the conference title game each year, but lost this game on the first three occasions. For its GMP and population growth rate, however, Columbus notably does not have a major league baseball, basketball, or football team. Their next period of prominence, which is still current, has come under the tutelage of head coach Andy Reid and quarterback Donovan McNabb, who was the first player ever drafted by Reid, in 1999. Columbus is also home to many professional sports teams, including the Columbus Crew (Major League Soccer), Columbus Clippers (minor league baseball), Columbus Blue Jackets (National Hockey League), and Columbus Destroyers (Arena Football League). In 1991, the Eagles became the first NFL team since 1975 to rank first in the league in both rushing and passing yardage allowed, but neglected to reach the playoffs despite a 10-6 final record. It is easily the biggest annual event in the city, with an estimated 80% to 90% share of television viewers in the Columbus market, and is one of the greatest rivalries in all sports. A period of decline set in after this, which ended in 1988 when they made the first of three straight playoff appearances under coach Buddy Ryan, but did not win a postseason game in any of those years. The OSU-Michigan football game is the final game of the regular season and is played in November each year (alternating between Columbus and Ann Arbor, Michigan). He had signed a "lifetime contract" with Jerry Wolman, who had owned the club at the time he was hired; on May 1, 1969, Wolman sold the team to Leonard Tose, whose first official act as owner was to fire Kuharich, who continued to draw a salary under the contract until his death. Tailgating at OSU home games has become an event in and of itself, with as many as 30,000 more people partying during the game in the parking lots and at controlled events on Lane Avenue such as Hineygate and the Varsity Club street party. Kuharich was the team's head coach from 1964 through 1968; in the latter year he became the target of demands by fans that he be fired, who used the slogan "Joe Must Go" as their ralling cry (the 1968 Eagles lost their first eleven games and finished 2-12). Games are played from late August through late November (and usually in early January), with home games at Ohio Stadium in front of over 100,000 crazed Buckeye fans. In a bizarre coincidence, former Eagles head coach Joe Kuharich died on the same day as the above game. By far, the sports team that draws the most attention in Columbus is the Ohio State Buckeyes football team (2002 NCAA Champions). Starting in 1978, the Eagles qualified for the postseason four consecutive times, including making their first Super Bowl appearance ever following the 1980 season, but they lost, 27-10, to the Oakland Raiders in Super Bowl XV, played on January 25, 1981. Columbus is home to several world class buildings, including the Greek-Revival State Capitol, and the Peter Eisenman-designed Wexner Center and Columbus Convention Center. The following year the Eagles finished just a half-game behind the New York Giants for first place in the Eastern Conference standings with a 10-4 record, but would not seriously contend again until soon after Dick Vermeil became the head coach in 1976. The Columbus Zoo is world-renowned, and its director emeritus, Jack Hanna, frequently appears on national television, including The Tonight Show and The Late Show with David Letterman. The Eagles won this game, 17-13 over the Green Bay Packers, which was played at Franklin Field on December 26, 1960. Columbus is also home to a top-ranked library system, as well as several top-ranked independent libraries (Hennen’s American Public Library Ratings). Their next appearance in a league championship game would take place in 1960, with quarterback Norm Van Brocklin and linebacker Chuck Bednarik leading the offense and defense, respectively (Bednarik was also the last NFL player to play both offense and defense, lining up at center when the offense had the ball). The Ohio Historical Society is headquartered in Columbus, with its flagship museum, the 250,000 square foot (23,000 m²) Ohio Historical Center, located just four miles (6 km) north of downtown. But then things quickly turned around: Led by running back Steve Van Buren, the Eagles reached the NFL title game in each of the last three years of the 1940s, winning two of the contests. Notable among these are the Wexner Center
for the Arts, a contemporary art gallery and research facility located on the OSU campus, the Ohio State University Athletics
Hall of Fame located in the Schottenstein Center (home of the OSU basketball and hockey teams). The Eagles struggled mightily at first, not even so much as managing a single winning season until 1943, when they temporarily merged with the Pittsburgh
Steelers to form a team known as "the Phil-Pitt Steagles" (this unusual arrangement being due to World War II). To some extent, the Ohio State University is a museum
unto itself with its rich history and roots in the Columbus psyche, but it does host a number of museums and museum-like
exhibits. Neither the Eagles nor the NFL officially regards the two franchises
as the same, citing the aforementioned period of dormancy; however, some observers believe the two teams should be treated as
one. Columbus also includes the Center of Science and Industry (COSI), a notable science museum; and the museum of the Ohio
Historical Society. Bert Bell and Lud Wray, co-owners of the Frankford
Yellow Jackets, an inactive NFL franchise since midway through the 1931 season, were
granted permission to reactivate the club on July 9, 1933, under a new name, the Philadelphia Eagles. Downtown
Columbus also boasts the Franklin Park Conservatory, which was also home to Ameriflora '92, and a to-scale replica of the Santa
Maria on the Scioto Riverfront that was installed to commemorate the
500-year anniversary of the discovery of America by Columbus' namesake. The Columbus Museum of Art opened in 1931, with a collection focusing on European and American art up to early modernism. The team was founded in 1933 by co-owners Bert Bell and Lud Wray. The Statehouse was opened to the legislature and the public in 1857, and finally complete in 1861. The Philadelphia Eagles are a National Football League team based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Kelly, who introduced heating and an ingenious system of natural forced ventilation, was dismissed because the commissioners found his designs were too lavish for the original intentions of the committee. Buck Shaw (1958-1960). During the long course of the Statehouse's 22 years of construction, seven architects were employed. Relations between the legislature and the architects were not always cordial: Nathan B. Nick Skorich (1961-1963). Unlike many US state capitol buildings, the Ohio State Capitol owes little to the architecture of the National Capitol. Joe Kuharich (1964-1968). A broad and low central pediment supports the windowed astylar drum, under an invisibly low saucer dome, that lights the interior rotunda. Jerry Williams (1969-1971). The Statehouse features a central recessed porch with a colonnade of a forthright and primitive Greek Doric mode, built of Columbus limestone that was quarried on the west banks of the Scioto River. Ed Khayat (1971-1972). The Statehouse stands upon foundations 18 feet (5 m) deep, which were laid by prison labor gangs, rumored to have been swelled by masons jailed for minor infractions [1] (http://www.statehouse.state.oh.us/statehouse/index.cfm). Mike McCormack (1973-1975). The Ohio Statehouse (illustration, right) was begun in 1839 on a 10 acre (40,000 m²) plot of land donated by four prominent Columbus landowners to form Capitol Square, not part of the original layout of the city. Dick Vermeil (1976-1982). Other neighborhoods include: Marble Cliff, Valleyview, New Rome, Briggsdale, Urbancrest, Linden, Eastmoor, Minerva Park, Huber Ridge, Mifflinville, Linworth, Riverlea, Olentangy, Amlin, Lincoln Village, and Alton. Marion Campbell (1983-1985). Just to the west of Franklinton is a group of smaller neighborhoods commonly referred to as "The Hilltop". Buddy Ryan (1986-1990). Franklinton also has the distinction of being the oldest--in fact the very first--settlement in central Ohio, originally founded in 1797. Rich Kotite (1991-1994). Linden, to the east of Columbus, is one of the city's oldest neighborhoods. Franklinton, aka "The Bottoms", is the neighborhood immediately to the west of downtown, which gets its colorful nickname due to the fact that much of the land is below the level of the Scioto and Olentangy Rivers and requires a floodwall to contain the rivers and protect the area from devastating floods. Ray Rhodes (1995-1998). San Margherita was formed by Italian immigrants at the turn of the 20th century. Andy Reid (1999- ). Clintonville is nestled between the OSU campus area and the suburb of Worthington to the north and consists of a mix of middle class Levittown type homes and beautiful old stone and brick-faced houses on rolling hills. Herman Edwards. The OSU Campus area has a high concentration of students during the in-session months (perhaps as many as 30,000), and is eclectic and ever-changing to the whims of the student body. Irving Fryar. German Village, the largest privately funded historic district on the National Register of Historic Places, was formed by early German settlers and is still composed of 19th century houses, as is Victorian Village. Ricky Watters. The Short North area, immediately north of downtown Columbus, is rich with art galleries, as well as pubs and specialty shops. Andre Waters. Columbus also has a number of distinctive neighborhoods within the metro area. Troy Vincent. These form a patchwork of jurisdictions, perforating and interrupting the discontinuous and ever-changing city limits of Columbus. Charlie Garner. On the north, these include Worthington, Dublin, New Albany, and Westerville; on the west, Grandview Heights, Galloway, Plain City, West Jefferson, Upper Arlington, and Hilliard; on the south, Canal Winchester, Grove City, Obetz, Circleville, Lithopolis, and Groveport; and on the east, Bexley, Reynoldsburg, Gahanna, Blacklick, Whitehall, Pataskala, and Pickerington. Bill Romanowski. The greater Columbus area includes many smaller cities, mostly within the Interstate 270 Outerbelt. Mark Bavaro. By and large, Columbus is fairly flat, with ravine areas around the rivers and creeks, although the land begins to rise to the east and southeast as you approach the Appalachian Mountains. Bobby Taylor. Several smaller tributaries course through the Columbus metro area, including Alum Creek, Big Walnut Creek, and Darby Creek. Dick Vermeil. The confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy Rivers occurs just outside of downtown Columbus. Buddy Ryan. Unlike many other major US cities, Columbus continues to expand its reach by way of extensions and annexations, making it one of the fastest growing large cities in the nation, both in geography and population. Jerome Brown. The total area is 1.07% water. Reggie White. 544.6 km² (210.3 mi²) of it is land and 5.9 km² (2.3 mi²) of it is water. Mike Mamula. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 550.5 km² (212.6 mi²). William Fuller. Columbus is served by Port Columbus International Airport, Rickenbacker International Airport, Don Scott Airport (run by OSU), and Bolton Field Airport. Stan Walters. (after Phoenix) without passenger rail service. Leonard Tose. Columbus is now the second largest city in the U.S. Sonny Jurgenson. Columbus used to have a major train station downtown called Union Station (http://home.columbus.rr.com/unionstation), however it was razed in the late 1970s. Norm Van Brocklin. Columbus does not have a metro or other passenger rail system, but does maintain a widespread municipal bus service called the Central Ohio Transit Authority (COTA). Chuck Bednarik. Besides High Street and Broad Street, major thoroughfares in Columbus include Main Street, Morse Road, Dublin-Granville Road (aka SR-161), Cleveland Avenue/Westerville Road (aka SR-3), Olentangy River Road, Riverside Drive, Sunbury Road, and Livingston Avenue. Roynell Young. This rigid street grid breaks down the further out one goes, particularly in the suburbs (mostly old towns with their own street plans still intact) and the newer subdivisions. William Thomas. Much of the city street numbering plan originates at their intersection in mid-downtown (the Ohio Statehouse building sits at the corner of Broad and High, incidentally), so house numbers increase with distance from downtown. Byron Evans. The city's street plan--originating in the oldest parts of the city, that is downtown and the immediate vicinity--is a roughly gridiron model bisected north-south by High Street and east-west by Broad Street. Herschel Walker. Due to its central location within Ohio and abundance of outbound roadways, nearly all of the state's destinations are within a 2-hour drive of Columbus. Jim McMahon. The Interstate 270 Outerbelt encircles the vast majority of Columbus and its suburbs, while the newly redesigned Innerbelt consists of the Interstate 670 spur on the north side (which continues to the east past the airport and to the west where it merges with I-270), State Route 315 on the west side, the I-70/71 split on the south side, and I-71 on the east. Keith Byars. Highway 33 runs northwest-to-southeast. Cris Carter. Highway 23 runs roughly north-south, while U.S. Randall Cunningham. U.S. Wilbert Montgomery. It is also widely recognized as the nation's first highway. Bill Bergey. Highway 40, aka National Road, runs east-west through Columbus, comprising Main Street to the east of downtown and Broad Street to the west. Harold Carmichael. U.S. Mike Quick. The two Interstates combine downtown for about 1.5 miles in an area locally known as "The Split", which is a major traffic congestion point within Columbus, especially during rush hour. Wes Hopkins. Columbus is bisected by two major Interstate highways, Interstate 70 running east-west, and Interstate 71 running north to roughly southwest. Seth Joyner. Completed in 1993, the convention center spanned nearly 600,000 square feet (56,000 m²) at the time, and has recently been expanded. Keith Jackson. The convention center was designed by famed architect Peter Eisenman, who also designed the renowned Wexner Center, also located in Columbus at the campus of The Ohio State University. Clyde Simmons. Columbus also hosts many conventions in the Greater Columbus Convention Center, a pastel-colored building on the north edge of downtown that resembles jumbled blocks, or a train yard from overhead. Eric Allen. Columbus is also home to the Chemical Abstracts Service, making it one of the world's leading centers for scientific information distribution. Ron Jaworski. UPS has a large distribution center on the west side of the city. 99 Jerome Brown. has large offices within Columbus as well. 70 Al Wistert. McGraw-Hill Inc. 60 Chuck Bednarik. Budweiser has a major brewery located on the north side of the city. 44 Pete Retzlaff. CompuServe still has its roots in Columbus, although it has been owned by AOL since 1998. 40 Tom Brookshier. Morgan Chase & Co., which announced a merger with Bank One in 2004, has a large mortgage servicing unit in the city. 15 Steve Van Buren. J.P. Brian Westbrook. Bank One, which used to be headquartered in Columbus prior to the merger with First Chicago-NBD, still has a major presence in Columbus. Darwin Walker. Honda has its North American auto plant in Marysville to the northwest of Columbus and produces all of the Honda Accords, Civics, motorcycles and many of Acura's models for the North American market. Jeremiah Trotter. In addition to these companies, many companies have a major presence in the Columbus area. Lito Sheppard. The Ross Products Division of Abbott Laboratories, makers of Ensure nutritional drink and Similac infant formula, is also headquartered in Columbus, with over 7,000 employees. Corey Simon. corporation prior to its acquisition and subsequent divestiture) is located downtown as well. Jon Runyan. Borden Chemical (formerly part of the Borden, Inc. Todd Pinkston. Huntington Bancshares also has its headquarters in the downtown area. Terrell Owens. Cardinal Health has its headquarters in the northwest suburb of Dublin. Donovan McNabb. Two fast food chains have their homebase in the Columbus metro area as well, Wendy's and White Castle, with Wendy's still operating their first store downtown as both a museum and a working restaurant. Michael Lewis. Worthington Steel is primarily located on the north side of the metro area in the Worthington suburb. Jevon Kearse. Limited Brands (formerly known as The Limited, Inc.) is located on the east side of the city and is the parent company of the retail stores The Limited, Express, Victoria's Secret, and Bath & Body Works, among others. Dhani Jones. Nationwide Insurance makes its home downtown in a large, multi-building complex that dominates the northern end of the downtown area. Hugh Douglas. Columbus is the headquarters for a number of businesses as well. Brian Dawkins. However, it is by no means a majority. Sheldon Brown. Including city, state, and jobs at the public Ohio State University, government jobs provide the largest single source of employment within Columbus. David Akers. As Columbus is the capital of the state of Ohio, there is a large government presence in the city. Steve Van Buren (1965) - 1944-1951. Notable private schools within Columbus include Columbus School for Girls, Bishop Watterson High School, Bishop Ready High School, DeSales High School, Worthington Christian High School, Saint Charles Preparatory School, and the Columbus Academy and Bishop Hartley High School. Pete Pihos (1970) - 1947-1955. CPS offers many alternative schools as well, such as Columbus Alternative High school, Fort Hayes and Ecole Kenwood. Earle Greasy Neale (1969) - 1941-1950. Columbus Public Schools dominate the K-12 primary school landscape, with each of the suburbs also having fairly large districts as well, sometimes overlapping municipal boundaries. Tommy McDonald (1998) - 1957-1963. Also located in Columbus and its metro area are Ohio Wesleyan University in Delaware, Capital University in Bexley, Franklin University, the Columbus College of Art and Design (CCAD), Otterbein College in Westerville, DeVry University, Ohio Dominican University, and Columbus State Community College. Sonny Jurgensen (1983) - 1957-1963. Columbus is the home of The Ohio State University, which has the distinction of being the largest single campus in the United States with a 48,003 total enrollment according to the OSU Office of University Relations. Mike Ditka (1988) - 1967-1968. See also: List of Mayors of Columbus, Ohio. Bob Brown (NFL) (2004) - 1964-1968. It also extends into Delaware and Fairfield counties. Bert Bell (1963) - 1933-1940. Columbus is the county seat of Franklin County. Chuck Bednarik (1967) - 1949-1962. With regard to Combined Statistical Areas (and including Chilicothe and Marion), Columbus ranks 24th in the country with 1.84M, behind #19 Cincinnati (2.05M) and #14 Cleveland-Akron (2.95M). census estimates, in Ohio only the metropolitan areas of Cleveland (2.15M) and Cincinnati (2.01M) are larger than the Columbus metropolitan area, which has a population of 1,612,694 (2000 census, 31st largest in the United States). According to recent U.S. The city is the most populous in the state, with a population of 711,470 as of the 2000 census, and the heart of the third largest metropolitan area. Columbus is the capital of the state of Ohio in the United States of America. Dwight Yoakam, singer. Nancy Wilson, singer. Leslie Wexner, businessman and major city philanthropist. James Thurber, cartoonist and humorist. Twyla Tharp, dancer. Stine, author. L. R. Schlesinger, Jr., historian and writer. Arthur M. Matthew Rush (porn star), well-known (gay) adult film star. Eddie Rickenbacker, World War I fighter pilot, "Ace of Aces". Gigi Rice, actress. Bobby Rahal, race-car driver, winner of the Indianapolis 500. Tom Poston, actor (George the handy-man from TV show Newhart). Jack Nicklaus, winner of a record eighteen golf majors. Air Force general. Curtis LeMay, World War II and Cold War U.S. Elsie Janus, singer, broadway headliner and actress. Paul Hamm, Olympic Gold Medal Winner 2004 (attending the Ohio State University). Morgan Hamm, Olympic Medal Winner 2004 (attending the Ohio State University). Woody Hayes, football coach. Dodie Goodman, actress (Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman). James "Buster" Douglas, former heavyweight boxing champion after defeating Mike Tyson. Henry Beecher Dierdorff mining engineer and inventor. Beverly D'Angelo, actress. Chase, Chief Justice, Treasury Secretary, Governor and Senator. Salmon P. Bush, respectively. Bush and George W. W. Prescott Bush, US Senator, father and grandfather of Presidents George H. Bow Wow, formerly known as "Lil' Bow Wow" musician. Warner Baxter, actress. Majel Barrett, actress. |